bromochloroacetic-acid and Lymphoma--Non-Hodgkin

Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Colectomy; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Doxorubicin; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Ifosfamide; Immunohistochemistry; Intestinal Mucosa; Keratins; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Rectum; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome

Thymomas are cytologically benign epithelial neoplasms of the thymus gland. They compose 10% of mediastinal tumors, and are most common in the anterosuperior compartment. Seven to 36% of thymomas are malignant, as determined by tissue invasion, yet they metastasize in less than 3% of cases. Distinguishing lymphoma from lymphocyte-predominant thymoma is imprecise due to their histologic similarities. We present a 45-year-old man with intracranial metastatic thymoma. The lesion was interpreted radiographically as meningioma, and as possible lymphoma by frozen section. Flow cytometry proved this neoplasma to be a metastatic thymoma. Sixteen monoclonal antibodies were used to immunophenotype the CD45+ component of this tumor. Coexpression of CD4 and CD8 along with CD1 demonstrated lymphocytes of late cortical thymocyte origin; a second component was cytokeratin positive. This is the first reported case of extrathoracic metastases of thymoma diagnosed using flow cytometry. We propose this method as an invaluable technique to diagnose these histologically difficult neoplasms.

Topics: Aneuploidy; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Brain Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnosis, Differential; DNA, Neoplasm; Flow Cytometry; Frozen Sections; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Keratins; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Parietal Lobe; T-Lymphocyte Subsets; Thymectomy; Thymoma; Thymus Neoplasms

A 58-year-old patient who smoked and had uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus was referred to our clinic. The patient had a suspicious asymptomatic lesion that was diagnosed as B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Immunohistochemistry revealed intense and diffuse expression of CD20, CD10, BCL-6, and Ki-67. A positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan showed focal pathological uptake of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose only in the subcutaneous tissue anterior to the left maxillary sinus. After lesion excision and five courses of chemotherapy, PET/CT scans demonstrated complete resolution of the lesion. Smoking, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and periodontal disease might be predisposing factors for oral NHL.

Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biopsy; Combined Modality Therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Gingival Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Oral Surgical Procedures; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Radiography, Panoramic; Radiopharmaceuticals

Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Cytological Techniques; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Keratins; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin

We evaluated the medical record of patients with salivary gland neoplasms diagnosed at Timisoara City Hospital from 2002 to 2009. A study has been carried out for seven years on 204 cases of salivary gland tumors and only two cases of salivary gland lymphomas were diagnosed. The two cases were females of 71- and 49-year-old, respectively. The formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were cut in 4 mum thick sections and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The primary monoclonal antibodies for the immunohistochemical analysis were the followings: LCA (2B11, Dako), CD20 (L26, Dako), cytokeratin (MNF116, Dako), p53 (DQ-7, Dako), and PCNA (PC-10, Dako). The histopathology and immunohistochemistry suggested in the first case a low-grade diffuse large B-cell mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma and in the second case a high-grade extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma.

Topics: Aged; Antigens, CD20; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; Romania; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

To assess Sertoli cell involvement in postchemotherapy azoospermia.. Case report.. Teaching hospital.. A 31-year-old azoospermic man who underwent cancer cytotoxic chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma at 13 years of age.. Testicular biopsy specimens were obtained for sperm recovery in preparation for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The biopsy specimens were evaluated by quantitative immunohistochemistry for the immature Sertoli cell markers cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) and D2-40.. Extent of immature Sertoli cells.. A fraction of Sertoli cells (13%) in the atrophic tubules of this patient reexpressed the intermediate filament protein CK-18, which is normally absent after puberty, but not the D2-40 antigen, an Mr 40,000 a-linked membrane glycoprotein, whose loss of expression at puberty marks an irreversible step in Sertoli cell maturation. Tubules with normal spermatogenic progression lined by Sertoli cells negative for CK-18 were also observed.. A fraction of Sertoli cells of this patient initially progressed to full maturation at puberty and reverted to a dedifferentiated state marked by reexpression of CK-18 as a consequence of chemotherapy. This inactivation of Sertoli cells caused by the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic drugs may have contributed to the spermatogenic impairment and resulting infertility.

Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Infertility, Male; Keratins; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Sertoli Cells; Testis; Vimentin

Topics: Humans; Keratins; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Neoplasm Proteins

Five cases of clinically aggressive, keratin-positive malignant lymphomas of B-cell type with unusual immunophenotypes were studied. All cases were extranodal: two from the stomach, one from soft tissue, one from the skin, and one from the spleen. These tumors were undifferentiated large-cell neoplasms that showed reactivity for low-molecular-weight keratin 8, but they were negative for keratin 19; three cases were also positive for epithelial membrane antigen. The immunohistochemical diagnosis was complicated by the fact that two of these cases lacked reactivity for leukocyte common antigen and three were CD20 negative. These findings simulated the immunophenotype of a carcinoma and led to an initial misdiagnosis of carcinoma. Although only two cases showed immunohistochemical evidence of B-cell lineage (CD20+), all five cases were documented as B-cell lymphomas on the basis of the clonal immunoglobulin heavychain gene rearrangement, as demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all the cases and by Southern blot hybridization in three cases; all cases were negative for T-cell markers, and three cases showed germline configuration for T-cell receptor beta-chain. One case was strongly CD30 positive and represented large-cell anaplastic lymphoma of B-cell type. Our results show that some B-cell lymphomas can have unusual and confusing immunophenotypes, including keratin positivity and leukocyte antigen negativity. Use of PCR-based molecular genetic demonstration of clonal immunoglobulin heavychain gene rearrangement is helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis in such cases.

Topics: Aged; Female; Gene Rearrangement; Humans; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Biology; Phenotype; Polymerase Chain Reaction

The immunophenotypes of 74 malignant lymphomas (9 Hodgkin's disease, 19 low-grade B-cell, 20 high-grade B-cell, 8 T-cell, and 18 large cell anaplastic lymphomas [LCAL]) have been characterized with antibodies against leucocyte differentiation antigens, keratin, and vimentin. All the non-LCAL were CD45 positive and keratin negative. The LCALs had a more varied immunophenotype, with CD45 present only in 11 of 18 cases and keratin present in 5 of 18 of these rare lymphomas. The lymphoid origin of these latter cases was proven by gene rearrangement studies. All LCALs were CD30+, and, where tested, vimentin positive. Of four different vimentin monoclonal antibodies tested, V9 and MVI stained the highest number of lymphomas. Positive staining of tumor cells was seen in 61 of 71 cases. Vimentin-negative cases included Burkitt's as well as some follicular lymphomas.

Topics: DNA; Gene Rearrangement; Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Vimentin

Topics: Adult; Histocompatibility Antigens; Humans; Immunoglobulin D; Keratins; Leukocyte Common Antigens; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Multiple Myeloma

A histological review of 72 undifferentiated thyroid tumors was performed in order to discover small cell anaplastic carcinomas and Non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Cases suspected to be lymphoma were examined for the presence of Ig and keratin and lectins with a PAP-procedure. Among the 72 cases, 68 (94,5%) were anaplastic carcinomas of various types. Four cases (5,5%) were diffuse small cell tumors, which had previously been regarded as anaplastic carcinomas. All four could be identified as Non-Hodgkin lymphomas by histology, immunohistochemistry, repeat biopsy or autopsy. The findings suggest that the majority of small cell anaplastic thyroid tumors are lymphomas and that true anaplastic small cell carcinoma of the thyroid must be extremely rare. Its diagnosis requires electronmicroscopy and/or immunohistochemistry to demonstrate the epithelial nature of tumor cells.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Biopsy; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Small Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunoglobulins; Keratins; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms

With indirect immunofluorescence microscopy it is possible to visualize intermediate-sized filaments which show a cell-specific distribution and in this manner establish a light-microscopical diagnosis in certain cases which are difficult or impossible to differentiate using conventional methods. We applied the same method to tumours of the head and neck region. Intermediate-sized filaments were studied in four malignant lymphomas, seven carcinomas and four metastases of carcinomas. Malignant lymphomas showed a positive reaction with antibodies to vimentin, carcinomas a positive reaction with antibodies to keratin. Using a monoclonal antibody against a single keratin polypeptide (cytokeratin 18) a further subdivision of the carcinomas was possible. The keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and two non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas showed a positive reaction with the conventional antibody against keratin, but a negative reaction with the monoclonal antibody against cytokeratin 18. One adenocarcinoma, two anaplastic carcinomas and one lymphoepithelial carcinoma were positive with the conventional antibody against keratin and with the monoclonal antibody against cytokeratin 18. Thus lymphoepithelial carcinomas and anaplastic carcinomas should probably not be regarded as special variants of squamous cell carcinoma. In all metastases the same intermediate-sized filaments were demonstrable as in the primary tumour. Certain advantages of immunofluorescence microscopy when compared to diagnostic electron microscopy are discussed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cytoskeleton; Diagnosis, Differential; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Keratins; Lymphatic Metastasis; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Microscopy, Electron; Vimentin