bromochloroacetic-acid and Leiomyoma

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenomatoid Tumor; Adenomyoma; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Biomarkers, Tumor; Calbindin 2; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Lymphatic Vessel Tumors; Middle Aged; Uterine Neoplasms; Young Adult

Topics: Actins; Adult; Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fibroma; Fibrosarcoma; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hysterectomy; Inflammation; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Uterine Neoplasms; Young Adult

Mesectodermal leiomyoma of the ciliary body is a rare tumor with, to our knowledge, only 15 cases reported in the literature. It has a neural histopathologic appearance and a presumed origin from neural crest.. Case report.. Two cases of mesectodermal leiomyoma with histopathologic and immunohistochemical confirmation are reported.. For the second time, we were able to demonstrate expression of neural immunohistochemical markers in this tumor.

Topics: Actins; Adult; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Ciliary Body; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Male; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Middle Aged; Muscle Proteins; Neoplasm Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Uveal Neoplasms; Vimentin

We describe 12 cases of leiomyoma with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, which were detected in a group of 447 leiomyomas examined at our institution between December 2005 and March 2006. Ten of these tumors were typical leiomyomas, and two cases represented atypical (bizarre) leiomyoma. In some cases, the presence of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies resulted in a rhabdoid or skeletal muscle-like appearance of the tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, there were two types of inclusions. One of them consisted of an abnormal aggregation of intermediate and actin filaments. Another type of inclusions was composed of dense granular material without an apparent fibrillar structure. The ultrastructure of the inclusions correlates with immunohistochemical and histochemical stainings. The inclusions with apparent fibrillar arrangements were PAS negative, stained red by trichrome, and were, at least at the periphery, actin-, desmin-, and h-caldesmon-positive. The dense granular inclusions were at least focally PAS-positive, stained red by trichrome, and were negative immunohistochemically. The intracytoplasmic inclusions were found in atypical (bizarre) leiomyomas of the uterus and occasionally in epithelioid leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas. However, to the best of our knowledge, these inclusions have not been found in typical uterine leiomyomas to date.

Topics: Actins; Adult; Aged; Azo Compounds; Biomarkers; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Desmin; Diagnosis, Differential; Eosine Yellowish-(YS); Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Inclusion Bodies; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Methyl Green; Middle Aged; MyoD Protein; Myogenin; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; Rhabdoid Tumor; Uterine Neoplasms; Vimentin

Adenomatoid tumour is a neoplastic process of discussed origin, but the immunohistochemical phenotype leads a mesothelial derivation. The preferential site of origin is the genital apparatus of both sexes, however extragenital cases have been described. The histological pattern varies from tubular formation, to solid growth, to cystic areas. In the present report we described a case of Adenomatoid tumour of the uterus body in a 46 years old patient.

Topics: Actins; Adenomatoid Tumor; Calbindin 2; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Staining and Labeling; Uterine Neoplasms

We report three cases of leiomyoma of the gastrointestinal tract with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies similar to those characteristic of inclusion body fibromatosis (IBF). The first two cases represent leiomyoma of the stomach: one in a 70-year-old female and the other in a 72-year-old female. In both instances inclusion bodies were present in a large amount. In the third case the leiomyoma was located in the esophagus of a 63-year-old male and inclusion bodies in this case were rare. In all three cases an immunohistochemical analysis showed positivity of the tumor cells for muscle specific actin HHF35 (MSA), alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), h-caldesmon and desmin. The first case showed some inclusion bodies with positivity for cytokeratin CAM 5.2 and focal weak positivity for cytokeratin 18. In the second case the inclusion bodies were positive at the periphery with antibodies directed against MSA and SMA. In the third case the inclusion bodies were immunohistochemically entirely negative. Ultrastructurally, the inclusion bodies in the first case were composed of aggregated filaments, some with entrapped cytoplasmic organels and others with finely granular dense cores.

Topics: Actins; Aged; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Inclusion Bodies; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Stomach Neoplasms

Cystadenofibromas of the fallopian tube are rare tumors of the female genital tract. These tumors are usually asymptomatic and are found incidentally. The authors present an incidentally found fallopian serous cystadenofibroma in a 48-year-old woman with leiomyoma uteri. The topographic localization of the lesion, histopathologic findings of müllerian-type epithelium, immunophenotypic profile of vimentin-cytokeratin coexpression, and diffuse apical epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) immunoreactivity suggested that the tumor was an embryologic remnant originating from the müllerian duct.

Topics: Cystadenoma, Serous; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Middle Aged; Mullerian Ducts; Vimentin

The expression of desmin, h-caldesmon, calponin, CD10, CD34, CD99, inhibin, and keratin (AE1/3-Cam 5.2) was studied in 10 conventional leiomyomas, 9 highly cellular leiomyomas, 9 epithelioid smooth muscle tumors, 9 leiomyosarcomas, 10 endometrial stromal tumors (4 with smooth muscle metaplasia), and 7 uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCTs). c-kit expression was tested in 10 endometrial stromal tumors, 7 UTROSCTs, and 9 leiomyosarcomas. Desmin was positive in almost all smooth muscle tumors except those of epithelioid type, which were positive in only about half of the cases. It also stained areas of smooth muscle differentiation in endometrial stromal tumors and five of seven UTROSCTs. h-caldesmon was positive in almost all nonepithelioid smooth muscle tumors and in areas of smooth muscle differentiation in endometrial stromal tumors; it was positive in only about half of the epithelioid smooth muscle tumors and negative in all UTROSCTs. Calponin was positive in most tumor types. CD10 was positive in nine of 10 endometrial stromal tumors and five of seven UTROSCTs, although very focally in the latter group. It was also expressed, however, in almost all leiomyosarcomas, almost 50% of highly cellular leiomyomas, and rarely in the other smooth muscle tumors. CD34 was negative in the tested tumors with rare exceptions. CD99 and inhibin were positive in four of seven and one of seven UTROSCTs. Keratin positivity was found in most (five of seven) UTROSCTs and occasionally in smooth muscle tumors (seven of 37). c-kit was negative in all endometrial stromal tumors, UTROSCTs, and leiomyosarcomas. The major conclusions of this study are as follows: 1) Pure endometrial stromal tumors are usually desmin negative. 2) In contrast to some previous studies, CD10 expression was often seen in smooth muscle tumors, including most leiomyosarcomas and almost half of highly cellular leiomyomas. As a result, a panel of CD10, h-caldesmon, and desmin should be used and will distinguish endometrial stromal tumors from highly cellular leiomyomas in most cases. 3) In contrast to a previous study, no significant differences in immunoreactivity were seen between h-caldesmon and desmin in tumors with smooth muscle differentiation. 4) The absence of h-caldesmon in UTROSCTs helps separate them from epithelioid smooth muscle tumors. 5) UTROSCTs may express epithelial, stromal, and smooth muscle markers, suggesting divergent differentiation. 6) Our study shows less fr

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphatases; Antigens, CD; Antigens, CD34; Apyrase; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; Calponins; Desmin; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibins; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Microfilament Proteins; Neprilysin; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Lobular; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Middle Aged; Uterine Neoplasms

We report two cases of the so-called adenomatoid tumor of the uterus, which have been detected in patients who underwent surgery for leiomyomas. The clinical signs, origin and immunohistochemical characteristics of the adenomatoid tumor are described. Adenomatoid tumors are slow growing epithelioid neoplasias with a co-expression of vimentin and cytokeratins. The characteristic cytokeratins are numbered 7, 8, 18, 19 and 5. The mesothelial histogenesis of the tumor can be confirmed. Our results rule out origins from Müllerian or mesonephrogenous ducts and angioma or adenoma. Considering our experiences, adenomatoid and leiomyoma cannot be distinguished macroscopically. The hysterectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy, primarily performed under other diagnoses, are the therapies of choice.

Topics: Adenomatoid Tumor; Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Uterine Neoplasms; Uterus

Ten renal smooth muscle tumors (seven leiomyomas, three leiomyosarcomas) and an unusual smooth muscle-invested renal cell carcinoma were studied for HMB-45 reactivity. All leiomyomas strongly expressed at least one, and most expressed three, smooth muscle markers (desmin, MSA, SMSA) and were negative for two cytokeratin markers (BDK, AE1). Six of seven leiomyomas and the smooth muscle investment of a renal carcinoma contained a population of cells strongly positive for HMB-45. A total of 15 blocks from the 6 HMB-45-positive leiomyomas were studied, and no adipocytes or abnormal vessels suggestive of angiomyolipoma were identified. The six HMB-45-positive leiomyomas seemed to arise from the renal capsule, whereas a seventh leiomyoma, which was negative for HMB-45, seemed to arise from the renal pelvis. Three leiomyosarcomas were also studied, which strongly expressed at least one smooth muscle marker and contained myofilaments at electron microscopic examination. No cytokeratin reactivity and no HMB-45-positive cells were detected in these leiomyosarcomas nor in the normal renal capsule adjacent to leiomyomas. This study showed that HMB-45-positive cells are detectable in a population of cells in some smooth muscle tumors, particularly in those that appear to arise from the renal capsule.

Topics: Actins; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Desmin; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Male; Melanoma-Specific Antigens; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins

Forty-six smooth muscle tumors, including 35 of gastrointestinal origin, were studied immunohistochemically for the localization of cytokeratin using a variety of monoclonal antibodies. In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material, six of 40 leiomyomas, two of five leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma were immunoreactive for cytokeratin in a few tumor cells. A proportion of non-neoplastic smooth muscle cells also exhibited a positive reaction. In fresh frozen sections of one gastric leiomyosarcoma, a high percentage of tumor cells were reactive with nine of the eleven anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibodies examined. Cytokeratin-positive cytoplasmic filaments were further demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy. By immunoblot analysis, an extract of this immunohistochemically cytokeratin-positive leiomyosarcoma showed a distinct band at the same position as an extract of pancreas, whereas no bands were seen in an extract of a cytokeratin-negative esophageal leiomyosarcoma. These immunohistochemical and immunoblotting findings indicate that a certain subset of smooth muscle neoplasms express genuine cytokeratin filaments.

Topics: Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue

A case of myofibroblastoma arising in the tongue of a 77-year-old man is described. The patient presented with a submucosal tongue mass without other associated symptoms. The tumor was 2 cm in diameter, well circumscribed, and composed of uniform spindle cells arranged in fascicles. Electron microscopic examination and immunohistochemistry demonstrated a myofibroblastic origin for the tumor cells. DNA flow cytometric analysis showed a diploid DNA content of this tumor. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of myofibroblastoma occurring in the tongue.

Topics: Actins; Aged; Collagen; Desmin; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Male; Microscopy, Electron; S100 Proteins; Tongue Neoplasms

A series of 12 pulmonary lesions initially diagnosed as leiomyomatous in origin were reviewed. The original slides were analyzed for a series of histological features, the patients' charts were reviewed for clinical presentation and follow-up, and the usefulness of immunohistochemistry was assessed. Three groups were noted after analysis. Group 1, or benign lesions (three cases), all occurred in premenopausal female patients who remain alive and well. Group 2, or leiomyosarcomas (five cases), mostly occurred in older females, were thought to originate in the uterus, and resulted in death in four patients. In one of three cases of metastatic leiomyosarcoma, estrogen receptor was identified. Group 3 (4 cases) consisted of other diagnoses, including leiomyomatosis, fibrous histiocytoma, metastatic malignant melanoma, and metastatic synovial sarcoma. Immunohistochemistry was useful in separating nonsmooth muscle tumors and demonstrated muscle marker expression in all benign and most malignant smooth muscle lesions. Criteria are proposed for the diagnosis of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma, whether primary or secondary. In addition, if strict criteria are applied, the term "benign metastasizing leiomyoma" should be abandoned.

Topics: Actins; Adult; Aged; Desmin; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; S100 Proteins; Vimentin

Cytokeratins are a set of 19 proteins that together constitute the class of intermediate filament protein expressed by epithelial cells and tumors. Using a panel of 9 different monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies, the authors have performed immunocytochemistry on methanol-fixed, frozen sections and methacarn-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue of human myometrial specimens. Anomalous cytokeratin expression (ACE) by smooth muscle cells was found in all specimens. Immunoblots of this tissue confirmed the presence of cytokeratin 19, and possibly 8. In addition, immunocytochemical studies demonstrated ACE in human fetal tissues within the intestinal muscularis and the heart, especially in the region of the aortic outflow tract, and in 8 of 19 cases of leiomyosarcoma from adults. Indirect immunofluorescence studies were also performed on cells explanted from myometrial tissue; the overwhelming majority of cells derived from these cultures were smooth muscle cells as verified by expression of muscle actins, and a subpopulation of these cells was found to be cytokeratin-positive. ACE was confirmed in vitro by double labeling experiments demonstrating simultaneous expression of muscle actins and cytokeratins within the same cell. The significance of this smooth muscle cell ACE is unknown, but it may be a phenotypic marker of smooth muscle in a proliferative state. ACE could be a source of confusion in the immunocytochemical analysis of poorly differentiated malignancies if a complete panel of antibodies is not employed.

Topics: Cells, Cultured; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Epithelium; Female; Fetus; Humans; Immunochemistry; Immunologic Techniques; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Muscle, Smooth; Myometrium; Uterus

Formalin fixed and paraffin wax embedded tissue from 13 leiomyosarcomas, three leiomyoblastomas, five leiomyomas and fresh tissue from one leiomyosarcoma and one leiomyoma was studied. Tumours were stained by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase technique with antibodies to desmin, vimentin, cytokeratins and S-100 protein. Neoplastic cells in all the cases were positive for desmin and vimentin but were negative for S-100; antibody CAM 5.2 gave strong reactivity with tumour cells of 12 leiomyosarcomas and all leiomyomas, but failed to stain the leiomyoblastomas; LP34 weakly stained two leiomyosarcomas and one leiomyoblastoma. Immunoblot studies using whole cell extracts of one leiomyosarcoma and one leiomyoma respectively, showed 55-58 kd and 35-38 kd bands reactive with monoclonal antibody CAM 5.2. However, no cytokeratin components were demonstrated when cytoskeletal extracts of the same tissue samples were immunoblotted with CAM 5.2. The implications of these findings for the diagnostic histopathologist are discussed.

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Desmin; Female; Fetus; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunochemistry; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Muscle, Smooth; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue; S100 Proteins; Vimentin

The expression of cytokeratin intermediate filaments by a tumour has been accepted as evidence of an epithelial origin. Although there have been anecdotal reports of cytokeratin expression within tissues and neoplasms of non-epithelial origin, particularly muscle, there have been no comprehensive studies of its frequency and distribution. In order to investigate this we have studied 51 cases of normal smooth muscle and benign and malignant smooth muscle tumours using a panel of monoclonal antibodies against a range of intermediate filaments (cytokeratins, desmin and vimentin). Cytokeratin expression was noted overall in 50% of normal, benign and malignant smooth muscle tissues. Such expression tended to have a focal or patchy distribution. No case expressed cytokeratins in the absence of both desmin and vimentin. The implication of these findings for diagnostic immunocytochemistry is that intermediate filaments alone are not completely reliable markers of tumour histogenesis and should be used as part of a larger panel of monoclonal antibodies.

Topics: Desmin; Female; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Leiomyosarcoma; Muscle, Smooth; Myometrium; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue; Skin Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms; Vimentin

One hundred cutaneous tumors were investigated immunohistopathologically for the expression of intermediate filament (IF) proteins. Epithelial tumors, such as basocellular and squamous cell carcinomas, cutaneous adnexal tumors, and metastatic carcinomas showed keratin positivity in a varying number of tumor cells with two keratin antibodies with different specificities. Neoplastic cells of fibrohistiocytic tumors, pigmented nevi, melanomas, hemangiomas, glomus tumors, and lymphomas were positive for vimentin, but not for keratin or desmin. Cutaneous leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas, on the other hand, were positive for desmin. The results show that the typing of IFs enables the differential diagnosis between carcinomas and sarcomas or melanomas, epidermal appendage tumors, and mesenchymal tumors, and between fibrohistiocytic and leiomyocytic tumors, and therefore are of diagnostic value in histopathologic problems of the skin.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma, Sweat Gland; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Desmin; Diagnosis, Differential; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Hemangioma; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Keratins; Leiomyoma; Melanoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nevus, Pigmented; Skin Neoplasms; Vimentin