bromochloroacetic-acid and Hidrocystoma

The histologic diagnosis as eccrine hidrocystoma may contain some other cysts which do not originate from the eccrine sweat glands. Some authors have suggested that true eccrine hidrocystoma does not exist. However, multiple eccrine hidrocystoma (Robinson type) is a distinct clinical entity which is characterized by multiple translucent papules around the eyelids which appear in warm weather. Cytokeratin expression in 8 cases of multiple type of unequivocal eccrine hidrocystoma was analyzed immunohistochemically. Immunoreactivities in our cases were similar to those of eccrine dermal ducts. Therefore, we confirmed that these tumors were derived from the eccrine dermal duct, not from the other appendages, and that true eccrine hidrocystoma exists.

Topics: Eccrine Glands; Hidrocystoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

Apocrine cystadenoma is a benign sweat gland tumor which consists of various histologic types of epithelium: epithelium with decapitation secretion, pseudostratified epithelium, and flattened epithelium. Immunophenotypes, especially the expression of cytokeratins, in 8 cases of this tumor were examined immunohistochemically, because the nature or differentiation of each epithelium is not well known. The following antibodies were used as primary antibodies: those against involucrin, smooth muscle actin, and human milk fat globulin respectively, and 15 kinds of monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies. Although the staining pattern varied from case to case according to the proportion of each epithelium, these epithelia, except for the flattened epithelium, revealed invariable staining patterns. The staining pattern in the epithelium with decapitation secretion and the pseudostratified epithelium was similar to that in the secretory portion including myoepithelial cells and the junction of the excretory ductal portion with the secretory portion, respectively. However, the flattened epithelium, probably due to intraluminal pressure, showed various staining patterns similar to that in each portion of the apocrine gland. Based on the above observations, we confirmed that apocrine cystadenoma was a complex tumor differentiating into each portion of the apocrine gland, i.e. the dermal duct, the junction of the excretory ductal portion with the secretory portion, and the secretory portion.

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Cystadenoma; Epithelium; Hidrocystoma; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Eyelashes; Eyelid Neoplasms; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hidrocystoma; Humans; Keratins; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Prolactinoma; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

Eccrine hidrocystomas and apocrine cystadenomas are morphologically related cystic sweat gland tumors. To elucidate their cellular differentiation we examined by immunohistochemistry the expression of keratins and of human milk fat globulin 1 in 12 of each of these tumors, diagnosed using established conventional histological criteria. All tumors diagnosed as apocrine cystadenomas by these criteria were characterized by a keratin pattern of secretory type. In addition, they expressed human milk fat globulin 1. Tumors diagnosed as eccrine hidrocystomas expressed a keratin pattern of excretory type. A part of the tumors with an excretory keratin pattern expressed human milk fat globulin, while others did not. Some presumed eccrine hidrocystomas expressed the very same antigens as apocrine cystadenomas. Thus, our study reveals three distinct types of tumors, in contrast to the conventional distinction of only eccrine hidrocystomas and apocrine cystadenomas. Apocrine cystadenomas differentiate towards the secretory coil of apocrine sweat glands. Presumed eccrine hidrocystomas may represent cystic tumors of the eccrine sweat duct, or they may represent cystic tumors of the apocrine duct. Thus, the name hidrocystoma should be used without further specification of an eccrine or apocrine nature, unless certainty is reached by immunohistochemical characterization. Also, hidrocystomas often prove to be histologically misdiagnosed apocrine cystadenomas because of a flattened cyst wall secondary to increased intraluminal pressure.

Topics: Apocrine Glands; Cystadenoma; Eccrine Glands; Hidrocystoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lactoglobulins; Sweat Gland Neoplasms