bromochloroacetic-acid and Craniopharyngioma

The maturation process of basal cells in craniopharyngiomas was studied using a panel of lectins, and antibodies against cytokeratin 13 and bcl-2 protein, using oral mucosa for comparison. Seven lectins were employed: peanut (Arachis hypogaea) agglutinin, Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (UEA-I), soybean agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin-I, succinyl wheat germ agglutinin, and Pisum sativum agglutinin. DBA and cytokeratin 13 stainings of the suprabasal cells in craniopharyngiomas were comparable to those of the oral mucosa, but not to those of the skin. Staining patterns of the basal cells in the oral mucosa and craniopharyngiomas were generally similar, but UEA-I binding and bcl-2 protein expression in suprabasal cells differed. The difference appeared to be due to a disturbance in the differentiation of the basal cells, because only a small fraction of the basal cells followed a normal maturation process in craniopharyngiomas in comparison to the oral mucosa. The expression of bcl-2 protein may be involved in the pathogenesis of craniopharyngiomas.

Topics: Binding Sites; Brain; Brain Neoplasms; Craniopharyngioma; Humans; Keratins; Lectins; Mouth Mucosa; Protein Binding

The nature of endometrial morular metaplasia (MorM) is still unknown. The nuclear β-catenin accumulation and the not rare ghost cell keratinization suggest a similarity with hard keratin-producing odontogenic and hair matrix tumors rather than with squamous differentiation. We aimed to compare MorM to hard keratin-producing tumors. Forty-one hard keratin-producing tumors, including 26 hair matrix tumors (20 pilomatrixomas and 6 pilomatrix carcinomas) and 15 odontogenic tumors (adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas), were compared to 15 endometrioid carcinomas with MorM with or without squamous/keratinizing features. Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin, CD10, CDX2, ki67, p63, CK5/6, CK7, CK8/18, CK19, and pan-hard keratin was performed; 10 cases of endometrioid carcinomas with conventional squamous differentiation were used as controls. In adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, the β-catenin-accumulating cell clusters (whorl-like structures) were morphologically similar to MorM (round syncytial aggregates of bland cells with round-to-spindled nuclei and profuse cytoplasm), with overlapping squamous/keratinizing features (clear cells with prominent membrane, rounded squamous formations, ghost cells). Both MorM and whorl-like structures consistently showed positivity for CD10 and CDX2, with low ki67; cytokeratins pattern was also overlapping, although more variable. Hard keratin was focally/multifocally positive in 8 MorM cases and focally in one conventional squamous differentiation case. Hair matrix tumors showed no morphological or immunophenotypical overlap with MorM. MorM shows wide morphological and immunophenotypical overlap with the whorl-like structures of adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, which are analogous to enamel knots of tooth development. This suggests that MorM might be an aberrant mimic of odontogenic differentiation.

Topics: beta Catenin; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma; Case-Control Studies; Cell Differentiation; Craniopharyngioma; Endometrial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Metaplasia; Odontogenesis; Pilomatrixoma; Pituitary Neoplasms

Pilomatrixoma, craniopharyngioma, and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor are the main entities presenting ghost cells as an important histological feature, in spite their quite different clinical presentation; it seems that they share a common pathway in the formation of these cells. The aim of this study is to examine and compare the characteristics of ghost and other cells that form these lesions.. Forty-three cases including 21 pilomatrixomas, 14 craniopharyngiomas, and eight calcifying cystic odontogenic tumors were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for cytokeratins, CD138, β-catenin, D2-40, Glut-1, FAS, CD10 and also by scanning electron microscopy.. The CKs, CD138, β-catenin, Glut-1, FAS, and CD10 were more often expressed by transitional cells of craniopharyngioma and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor, compared with pilomatrixoma. Basaloid cells of pilomatrixoma showed strong positivity for CD138 and CD10. Differences on expression pattern were identified in transitional and basal cells, as ghost cells were negative for most antibodies used, except by low expression for cytokeratins. By scanning electron microscopy, the morphology of ghost cells were similar in their fibrillar cytoplasm, but their pattern varied from sheets in pilomatrixoma to small clusters in craniopharyngioma and calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor.. Mechanisms involved in formation of ghost cells are unknown, but probably they follow different pathways as protein expression in the basal/transitional cells was not uniform in the three tumors studied.

Topics: beta Catenin; Craniopharyngioma; Epithelial Cells; fas Receptor; Glucose Transporter Type 1; Hair Diseases; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; Keratins; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Neprilysin; Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying; Odontogenic Tumors; Pilomatrixoma; Pituitary Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms; Syndecan-1

Topics: Actins; Carcinosarcoma; Craniopharyngioma; Diagnosis, Differential; Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Nasal Cavity; Nose Neoplasms; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Pituitary Neoplasms; Teratoma; Vimentin

Rathke's cleft cyst (RCC) with significant squamous and/or stratified epithelium including smooth transition from single cuboidal to squamous epithelium (tRCC) is rare and possibly represents an intermediate form to craniopharyngioma.. Twelve patients with histologically confirmed tRCC were retrospectively investigated from a series of 167 cases of RCC and 96 cases of craniopharyngiomas. Clinical data were reviewed, and immunohistochemistry findings for cytokeratins and β-catenin were examined.. All lesions were located in the sella turcica with marked extension to suprasellar cistern. Six of the 12 patients had suffered postoperative re-enlargement, and three of these six patients required more than two additional operations and irradiation. CAM5.2 was positive in the glandular epithelium in all tRCCs and focally positive in the squamous epithelium of all these tRCCs. 34βE12 was positive in the squamous epithelium in all tRCCs and focally positive in the glandular epithelium in all but one tRCC. The findings of cytokeratin expression of tRCCs were very similar to those of craniopharyngioma. β-Catenin showed nuclear translocation in five cases. All patients with nuclear translocation of β-catenin suffered postoperative re-enlargement.. tRCC carries an extremely high risk of re-enlargement. Cytokeratin expression resembles that in craniopharyngioma, which might indicate a very close origin of these pathologies. Nuclear translocation of β-catenin may be related to the aggressive clinical course.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; beta Catenin; Central Nervous System Cysts; Child; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Humans; Keratins; Male; Metaplasia; Middle Aged; Pituitary Neoplasms; Postoperative Period; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Young Adult

Podoplanin, a transmembrane sialomucin-like glycoprotein, is a specific marker of lymphatic vessels, and its expression is also considered to be associated with tumor invasion and tooth development. In this study, we examined the expression of podoplanin in calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor (CCOT) in comparison with that in other so-called hard α-keratin-expressing tumors such as craniopharyngioma (CP) and pilomatrixoma (PM). Immunohistochemical staining for podoplanin was carried out using surgical specimens of 15 CCOTs of the jaw, 19 CPs of the pituitary gland, and 15 PMs of the skin. Positivity for hard α-keratin was evident in ghost, shadow and transitional cells in all of these tumors (100%). The podoplanin expression in CCOTs was evident in the periphery of ameloblastoma-like epithelium (86.6%) and the epithelial cells adjacent to ghost cells (60%). On the other hand, in adamantinomatous-type CPs, podoplanin expression was observed in epithelial components corresponding to the stratum intermedium (100%), but not in the periphery of ameloblastoma-like epithelium (0%). In squamous-type CPs podoplanin was expressed in basal cells (100%), but all of the PMs were podoplanin-negative (0%). In the periphery of the ameloblastoma-like epithelium or basophilic cell layer, podoplanin was expressed more strongly in CCOTs than in CPs or PMs. These findings suggest that the expression of podoplanin in CCOTs may reflect rapid turnover of cytoskeletal filaments and local invasiveness.

Topics: Basophils; Biomarkers, Tumor; Craniopharyngioma; Cytoskeleton; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; Keratins; Membrane Glycoproteins; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Odontogenic Tumors; Odontoma; Pilomatrixoma; Pituitary Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is the malignant counterpart of calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour and dentinogenic ghost cell tumour. This is the case of a middle-aged male who presented with a slow-growing maxillary tumour. He was asymptomatic until pain symptoms developed prior to initial presentation. The excised tumour was diagnosed as a ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma. More case reports are needed for further understanding of this rare malignant odontogenic tumour.

Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Craniopharyngioma; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Keratins; Male; Maxillary Neoplasms; Maxillary Sinusitis; Odontogenic Tumors; Pituitary Neoplasms; Radiography, Panoramic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Craniopharyngioma is a rare, benign epithelial brain tumor of the suprasellar region with a high rate of recurrence. Clinical and histopathological features that might be predictors of recurrence/regrowth have not been clearly delineated.. We compared recurrence/regrowth of the tumors with the clinico-pathological characteristics, vascular density, cell proliferation index, and immunohistochemical profile (cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen [EMA], carcinoembrionary antigen [CEA], and laminin) of 47 patients with craniopharyngioma followed for more than 5 years.. Tumors were adamantinomatous in 42 cases (89%) and papillary squamous in 5 cases (11%). Immunoreactivity for cytokeratin 8/18/19 was positive in 64%; cytokeratin 5 in 42%; laminin 8 in 62%; and CEA in 21%. The cell proliferation index and vascular density were greater in adamantinomatous than in papillary tumors (22+/-6 versus 17+/-3, p=0.05; and 21+/-3 versus 17+/-3, p=0.037, respectively); they were neither related to recurrence nor to regrowth. No significant differences were found between adamantinomatous and papillary tumors regarding the presence of cytokeratin, laminin, CEA or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Recurrence rate at 5 years was 59%. No relation was found between recurrence and adjuvant radiotherapy (AR). Residual tumor after surgery, whorl-like arrays (p=0.04) and immunoreactivity for p53 (p=0.022) were significantly related to recurrence/regrowth.. Residual tumor after surgery, immunoreactivity to p53 and presence of whorl-like arrays are associated to recurrence/regrowth of craniopharyngioma.

Topics: Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Brain Neoplasms; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Cell Proliferation; Craniopharyngioma; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Laminin; Male; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Radiotherapy; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

To examine the properties of shadow and ghost cells, 3 kinds of antibodies were raised against human hair proteins and their immunoreactivity was examined in tumors expressing those cells: pilomatrixoma, 14 cases; craniopharyngioma, 17 cases; and calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), 14 cases. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analyses demonstrated that 2 polyclonal antibodies, PA-HP1 and PA-HP 2, reacted strongly with type I acidic and type II neutral/basic hard alpha-keratins. The other monoclonal antibody, MA-HP1, reacted with type II neutral/basic hard alpha-keratins. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that all 3 antibodies reacted only with the hair shaft in sections of normal skin and dermoid cyst. In all pilomatrixoma cases, 3 antibodies reacted with the cytoplasm of transitional and shadow cells but not with that of basophilic cells. Positive reactions were found only in shadow cells of all 13 adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas. In all COCs, the antibodies reacted only with ghost cells, not with other epithelial components. Immunoreactivity for phosphothreonine, detected in hard alpha-keratins, also was found in transitional, shadow, and ghost cells. The appearance of shadow or ghost cells might represent differentiation into hair in these 3 kinds of tumors.

Topics: Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Craniopharyngioma; Hair; Hair Diseases; Humans; Hybridomas; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Jaw Neoplasms; Keratins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms; Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying; Pilomatrixoma; Pituitary Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms

Craniopharyngiomas are epithelial neoplasms usually located in the sellar and suprasellar regions. Distinguishing craniopharyngioma from Rathke cleft cyst is sometimes difficult, and the distinction is clinically significant because Rathke cleft cysts have a better prognosis than craniopharyngiomas.. We retrieved 10 cases with a primary diagnosis of craniopharyngioma and 5 cases with a diagnosis of Rathke cleft cyst for analysis. Five cases of normal pars intermedia of pituitary glands from autopsy served as controls. We evaluated the expression patterns of a broad range of low- to intermediate-molecular weight cytokeratins (CK7, CK8, CK10, CK17, CK18, CK19, and CK20) and high-molecular weight cytokeratins (K903: a combination of CK1, CK5, CK10, and CK14; and CK5/6) in these cases.. Craniopharyngiomas had a cytokeratin expression pattern distinct from that of Rathke cleft cysts and pituitary gland pars intermedia: craniopharyngiomas did not express cytokeratins 8 and 20, whereas Rathke cleft cysts and pars intermedia of pituitary glands both expressed cytokeratins 8 and 20.. The differential expression of cytokeratins distinguishes between craniopharyngioma and Rathke cleft cyst, and this difference could be useful for identifying craniopharyngioma in difficult cases in which only a small biopsy is available. The different cytokeratin profiles of craniopharyngioma and Rathke cleft cyst suggest that these lesions do not come from the same origin, or that they come from a different developmental stage of the pouch epithelium.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Count; Central Nervous System Cysts; Child; Child, Preschool; Craniopharyngioma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Keratin-20; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Weight; Pituitary Neoplasms

Although craniopharyngiomas have been examined in several microscopical studies to date, immunohistochemical analysis has not been sufficient.. In addition to the routine haematoxylin and eosin staining, 38 cases of intra- and/or supra-sellar craniopharyngioma, including 34 adamatinomatous and 4 squamous papillary types, were studied using immunohistochemistry for expression of four types of cytokeratin.. Histological examination found epithelial cells in 26 of 38 (68.40%) cases. However, cytokeratins were demonstrated in 35 of 38 (92.1%) cases. The remaining 3 cases without demonstration of epithelial cell nests were supposed to be adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas based on the findings in the stroma. In 31 of 34 adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma cases, the epithelium was detected by immunostaining for cytokeratins. The epithlieum expressed 56 kDa (KL-1) and 40 kDa (cytokeratin 19) cytokeratins with similar staining patterns and intensities. The staining intensity of 54 kDa cytokeratin (cytokeratin 7) was similar to that of the high molecular weight cytokeratin (keratin M-903). However, in many cases (15 of 27), immunoreactivity of cytokeratin 7 was not demonstrated in an outer palisaded basal layer. In all 4 squamous papillary craniopharyngiomas, moderate staining with cytokeratin 7 appeared in the superficial layer, whereas basal or mid-zone epithelial cells were negative for cytokeratin 7. The basal layer stained negatively for KL-1, as well as cytokeratin 7.. Immunostaining for cytokeratin is valuable in the investigation of craniopharyngioma, especially when specimens contain only a small or questionable part of epithelium. Most notably, KL-1 or cytokeratin 7 stainings are suitable for analyzing these tumours, with special reference to histological subtypes.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged

Craniopharyngiomas are generally considered to arise from the remnants of Rathke's pouch or a misplaced enamel organ. We tried to refine these hypotheses, comparing the subtypes of craniopharyngioma with Rathke's cleft cyst, a known Rathke's pouch derivative, and with ameloblastoma, an enamel organ derivative. Nineteen craniopharyngiomas (14 adamantinomatous and 5 papillary type tumors) and 17 ameloblastomas were immunostained for cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK 8, CK 14, and human hair keratin (HHK). All cases of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma were CK 7+/CK 8+/CK 14+. Two cases (40%) of papillary craniopharyngioma were CK 7+/CK 8+/CK 14+, whereas the remaining three cases (60%) were CK 7+/CK 8-/CK 14+. Fifteen cases (88%) of ameloblastoma were CK 7-/CK 8+/CK 14+. Only the shadow cells present in adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas were positive for HHK, which may indicate their follicular differentiation. In Rathke's cleft cyst, ciliated cuboidal cells were CK 7+/CK 8+/CK 14- and metaplastic squamous cells were CK 7+/CK 8/CK 14+. These findings suggest that both subtypes of craniopharyngioma may differ from ameloblastoma in histogenesis, although cytokeratin expression patterns may change during tumor development. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma may be related to a heterotopic ectodermal tissue which can differentiate into hair follicles, while papillary craniopharyngioma may arise from Rathke's cleft cyst.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ameloblastoma; Biomarkers, Tumor; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Jaw Neoplasms; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins; Pituitary Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies

The monoclonal antibody NCL-CK13 was studied in specimens of craniopharyngioma, ameloblastoma and calcifying odontogenic cyst neoplasms and the mandible and maxillae of normal human fetuses. There was a decrease in NCL-CK13 as the dental lamina developed, with a complete loss in the enamel organ. The neoplastic epithelia of the neoplasms revealed a clear phenotypic and immunohistochemical reactive relationship to the stratified embroyonic mucosa, away from the enamel organ. This suggests that these neoplasms might have their histogenesis from early stage epithelium, the oral part of the dental lamina or its remnants.

Topics: Ameloblastoma; Amelogenesis; Case-Control Studies; Craniopharyngioma; Dental Enamel; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; Keratins; Odontogenesis; Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying; Phenotype; Pituitary Neoplasms

The objective of this investigation was to study the relationship of the ghost cell ameloblastoma (GCA), which is a form of type II calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC), to the adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP). H&E sections of 26 examples of ACP were compared to three cases of GCA and to the reported microscopic features of that tumor. Clinical records of the ACPs were studied to determine their biologic behavior compared to that of the ameloblastomas. Immunohistochemical studies of nine examples of ACP were performed for KL1 (high mol.wt cytokeratins), 5D3 (low mol.wt cytokeratins) and involucrin (characteristic of terminally differentiated keratinocytes) using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. The results were compared with those reported for COC and ameloblastoma. ACP and GCA exhibited similar microscopic features, including pre-ameloblasts, tissue resembling stellate reticulum, ghost cells and calcifications; both tumors grew slowly and were invasive. ACP and COC, and by interpolation GCA, exhibited similar features with all three antibodies. The ghost cells did not exhibit any immunoreactivity but the adjacent cells stained positively for involucrin. The immunological features of ACP were similar to those reported in ameloblastomas for squamous differentiation. However, because of their rarity, no ameloblastomas exhibiting keratinization, including ghost cells, have yet been studied with these antibodies. We conclude that ACP and GCA are homologous lesions.

Topics: Ameloblastoma; Ameloblasts; Biology; Calcinosis; Cell Differentiation; Coloring Agents; Craniopharyngioma; Eosine Yellowish-(YS); Epithelial Cells; Fluorescent Dyes; Hematoxylin; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Jaw Neoplasms; Keratinocytes; Keratins; Molecular Weight; Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying; Pituitary Neoplasms; Protein Precursors

To identify the CT and MR characteristics of craniopharyngiomas, to evaluate the histologic types of craniopharyngioma, and to compare the radiologic/histologic appearance and type of therapy with tumor recurrence.. We reviewed the records of 45 patients with craniopharyngiomas for which surgical specimens (n = 45), preoperative MR or CT studies (n = 27), or other MR or CT studies or reports (n = 18) were available. Radiologic appearance, histologic morphology, treatment, and tumor recurrence were studied.. Adamantinomatous epithelium was found in 40 of 45 surgical specimens, keratin in 34 of 45, and squamous epithelium in 11 of 45. A continuum of mixed morphology rather than distinct subtypes of tumors was found. The radiologic appearance did not correlate with the histologic features. No statistically significant difference was found between children and adults with respect to tumor size, calcification, histology, or tumor recurrence. Patients treated with radiation after subtotal resection had far fewer tumor recurrences (n = 3) than patients treated with surgery alone (n = 18).. Craniopharyngiomas could not be divided into distinct histologic types. No differentiating radiologic or histologic characteristics could be established for craniopharyngiomas in children versus adults. Radiation treatment was strongly associated with tumor regression or lack of recurrence.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Calcinosis; Child; Child, Preschool; Craniopharyngioma; Epithelium; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Keratins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pituitary Neoplasms; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Remission Induction; Retrospective Studies; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The histogenesis of craniopharyngiomas was immunohistochemically studied on the basis of cytokeratins (CK) expression, with special reference to histological subtype, i.e., the squamous type (Sq) and adamantinomatous type (Ad). Alcian-Blue staining and immunohistochemical expression of secretory component were also studied to assess secretory activity. Although combined expression of simple-, stratified-, and skin-type CK was detected in both Sq and Ad, the pattern of expression in Sq and Ad was different. Sq displayed epidermal differentiation of CK, and secretory activity was limited to the apical cells of Sq. Based on these findings, the histogenesis of Sq appeared to be from Rathke's pouch, but that of Ad remained obscure.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cell Differentiation; Child; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Neoplasms

Pathological specimens of 131 surgically removed craniopharyngiomas were obtained from the registry of the National Institute of Neurosurgery, Budapest between 1977 and 1991. The cases were reviewed statistically with reference to their gross and microscopic features and clinical characteristics. Macroscopically, 34% of the tumours were cystic, 23% solid and 43% mixed. Histologically, 38% of the cases belonged to the adamantinous group, 26% were squamous epithelial type, 15% were combined, that is expressing the characteristics of both. In 21% of the cases the surgically removed samples did not contain enough material for correct histopathologic classification. There was no recurrence in the group with the squamous epithelial type tumours, while 59% of the adamantinous, and 36% of the combined craniopharyngiomas recurred. The 5-year survival proportion was 73% at the squamous epithelial, 60% in the adamantinous, and 55% at the combined histological types.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Child; Craniopharyngioma; Female; Humans; Hypophysectomy; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms; Survival Rate; Vimentin

A variety of epithelial cysts in the central nervous system were examined immunohistochemically for expression of cytokeratins. Colloid cysts, Rathke's cleft cysts and epithelial cysts in the spinal canal expressed complex type cytokeratins, while enterogenous cysts and neuroectodermal cysts showed only simple type cytokeratins. Colloid cysts showed a pattern of cytokeratins similar to that of upper respiratory tract which is endodermal in origin. In contrast, Rathke's cleft cysts showed a pattern of cytokeratins similar to that of the adenohypophysis and salivary gland which are ectodermal in origin. The CK immunohistochemical studies are discussed with regards to diagnostic significance and origins of their cysts.

Topics: Adult; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cerebral Ventricles; Child, Preschool; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Craniopharyngioma; Cysts; Fetal Diseases; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Pituitary Neoplasms; Reference Values; Sella Turcica; Spinal Canal

The purpose of this study is to present the histological characteristics of tumor origin and proliferative characteristics of craniopharyngioma. In 25 craniopharyngiomas, the immunoperoxidase technique revealed strong positive reactions for keratin and cytokeratin in cytoplasm of tumor cells. But, immunostaining of keratin and cytokeratin differ from each of layer of craniopharyngioma. The ciliated epithelium in the craniopharyngioma was not stained by keratin, but ciliated epithelium of Rathke's cleft cyst was stained by cytokeratin.

Topics: Antigens, Neoplasm; Craniopharyngioma; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Nuclear Proteins; Pituitary Neoplasms; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

Twenty one cases of epithelial cysts in the central nervous system including six colloid cysts of the third ventricle, eight Rathke's cleft cysts in the sella, two enterogenous cysts in the posterior fossa, two epithelial cysts in the spinal canal and three neuroectodermal cysts in the cerebrum were examined immunohistochemically for expression of intermediate filamentous proteins-simple type, stratified type and skin type cytokeratins and GFAP. Colloid cysts of the third ventricle. Rathke's cleft cysts in the sella and epithelial cysts in the spinal canal expressed complexed type cytokeratins while enterogenous cysts and neuroectodermal cysts showed only simple type cytokeratins. In addition, several Rathke's cleft cysts demonstrated skin type differentiation and expressed GFAP in occasional lining cells. The characteristic composition and distribution of cytokeratins in various kinds of epithelial cysts in the central nervous system are demonstrated and discussed with regards to their origins.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Central Nervous System Diseases; Child, Preschool; Craniopharyngioma; Cysts; Epithelium; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Neoplasms

Nineteen epithelial cysts in the central nervous system including six colloid cysts of the third ventricle, seven Rathke's cleft cysts in the sella, two enterogenous cysts in the posterior fossa, two epithelial cysts in the spinal canal and two neuroectodermal cysts in the cerebrum were examined immunohistochemically for expression of intermediate filament proteins-simple type, stratified type and skin type cytokeratins and GFAP. Colloid cysts of the third ventricle, Rathke's cleft cysts in the sella and epithelial cysts in the spinal canal expressed complex type cytokeratins while enterogenous cysts and neuro-ectodermal cysts showed only simple type cytokeratins. In addition, Rathke's cleft cysts expressed GFAP in occasional lining cells. The characteristic composition and distribution of cytokeratins in various kinds of epithelial cysts in the central nervous system are demonstrated and discussed with regard to their origins.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Choroid Plexus; Craniopharyngioma; Cysts; Ependyma; Epithelium; Female; Humans; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms; Spinal Diseases; Spinal Neoplasms; Spine

The histologic similarities between the craniopharyngioma and the ameloblastoma are well recognized and supported by their common embryologic origin from oral ectoderm. Differences in these lesions include a greater tendency for craniopharyngiomas to be cystic and form ghost cells and calcifications. The keratinizing and calcifying odontogenic cyst (KCOC), a lesion that features proliferating ameloblastic epithelium, ghost keratin, calcification, and cyst formation, may more precisely mimic the craniopharyngioma. The histologic features of twenty-seven craniopharyngiomas were studied. Twenty cases resembled KCOC microscopically. Two examples duplicated the histologic features of infiltrative ameloblastoma, while five showed characteristics of both lesions. This study shows that the range of histologic features in craniopharyngioma includes and spans both odontogenic lesions but more often simulates KCOC. The results suggest that the KCOC and the ameloblastoma may be closely related developmentally.

Topics: Ameloblastoma; Craniopharyngioma; Diagnosis, Differential; Epithelium; Humans; Keratins; Metaplasia; Odontogenic Tumors; Pituitary Neoplasms

To identify keratin, the immunoperoxidase technique was performed on 41 nontumourous pituitaries, 14 pituitary adenomas composed of different cell types and 15 craniopharyngiomas. No keratin was demonstrated in adenohypophysial cells, neurohypophysis or hypophysial vessels, however, it was occasionally identified in the pairs intermedia within cells lining cystic structures. Crooke's hyaline material and all pituitary adenomas were negative for keratin. The epithelial portions of craniopharyngiomas exhibited positive keratin immunostaining, as did squamous cell nests, which are frequently found in hypophysial stalk. Immunostaining for keratin can effectively be used in the differential diagnosis of pituitary tumours and may prove valuable in the investigation of histogenesis and embryology.

Topics: Adenoma; Craniopharyngioma; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Pituitary Neoplasms

Topics: Adult; Arachnoiditis; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Cholesterol; Craniopharyngioma; Epididymitis; Gliosis; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Keratins; Male; Pneumoencephalography

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Calcium; Craniopharyngioma; Culture Techniques; Cytoplasm; Desmosomes; Esterases; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Keratins; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Organoids

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Basement Membrane; Calcinosis; Cell Differentiation; Cell Nucleus; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Collagen; Connective Tissue Cells; Craniopharyngioma; Desmosomes; Epithelial Cells; Golgi Apparatus; Humans; Hydroxyapatites; Keratins; Microscopy, Electron; Neuroglia; Pituitary Neoplasms

Topics: Basement Membrane; Calcium; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventricles; Craniopharyngioma; Cytoplasmic Granules; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Epithelium; Humans; Hyalin; Hypothalamus; Keratins; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Microtubules; Middle Aged; Mitochondria; Neuroglia

Topics: Craniopharyngioma; Humans; Keratins; Neoplasms; Pituitary Neoplasms

Topics: Craniopharyngioma; Humans; Keratins; Neoplasms; Pituitary Neoplasms