bromochloroacetic-acid and Adenocarcinoma--Clear-Cell

Hyalinising clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) of the lung is a rare tumor, with only 12 reported cases. To improve the differential diagnosis, the aim of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotype, and molecular characteristics of HCCC of the lung and relate these to prognosis.. Sections of HCCC of the lung were collected from a patient for pathological observation, immunohistochemistry, histochemistry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization; the clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics were compared with those reported in the literature.. The tumor had a well-demarcated border nodule with a maximal diameter of 2.5 cm. Microscopic findings showed either clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm in the tumor cells. Growth was predominantly in the sheets, nests, and trabeculae in a background of hyalinised, fibrotic stroma, and mucus degeneration. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells expressed cytokeratin 7, P63, P40, CK5/6, Pan Cytokeratin (PCK), and epithelial membrane antigen, whereas they were negative for thyroid transcription factor-1, napsin A, CD10, vimentin, and smooth muscle actin. The Ki67 proliferation index was 5%. The tumor was positive for both period acid-Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue-PAS, with a small amount of mucus staining positive for PAS-diastase. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 rearrangement and Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-activating transcription factor 1 fusion.. HCCC is a low-grade carcinoma with excellent prognosis. Tumour necrosis may be a potential risk factor for recurrence and metastasis. Our review of reported cases suggests that regional lymph node dissection combined with lobectomy is a safer treatment than only lobectomy for HCCC of the lung.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Keratins; Lung; Sarcoma, Ewing

Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is common in head and neck sites but extremely rare in the lung. This case report describes an HCCC in the lung of a 54-year-old female patient.. We summarize the histomorphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular features for our and three previously reported HCCCs of the lung with emphasis on potential diagnostic pitfalls.. Sections of a well-circumscribed 3.5-cm lung mass were characterized by a bronchocentric tumor growing in sheets, nests, and cords in a background of hyalinized stroma. Tumor cell appearance was clear to eosinophilic, lacking significant pleomorphism or mitotic activity. By immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells were strongly positive with antibodies to pan-keratin, p63, and CK5/6 while negative for CK7, CK20, thyroid transcription factor 1, napsin A, chromogranin, and synaptophysin. Next-generation sequencing demonstrated an EWSR1-ATF1 fusion transcript.. Awareness of key morphologic features of pulmonary HCCC is crucial for the recognition of this rare entity in the lung. Ancillary studies, including immunohistochemistry and molecular testing, are essential for the distinction from its mimics.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lung Neoplasms; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carboplatin; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Keratins; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Paclitaxel; Parovarian Cyst; Salpingectomy

Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a low-grade malignancy with infiltrative growth pattern. It affects mainly the minor salivary glands of adult women. The most frequent locations of this tumor are the palate and tongue. HCCC shows a poorly circumscribed, infiltrative, and essentially monomorphic population of clear cells with few mitoses and almost no nuclear or cellular pleomorphism. These cells form trabeculae, cords, islands, and/or nests, circumscribed by variable amounts of hyalinized fibrous bands with foci of myxohyaline stroma. S-100 protein, muscle-specific actin, smooth muscle actin, myosin, and calponin are consistently negative, which strongly indicates the absence of myoepithelial cell differentiation in this tumor. We present a case of HCCC affecting the upper vestibule in a 53-year-old man. The patient was treated by surgery and postoperative radiation and did not show recurrence or distant metastases 3 years after treatment. Discussed also are the clinical and pathologic features of this tumor along with the differential diagnosis and a literature review.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Biopsy; Connective Tissue; Cytoplasm; Epithelial Cells; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyalin; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands, Minor

Clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified (CCC-NOS), is a recently described rare malignant salivary neoplasm. We report the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 4 cases. The results were then analyzed collectively with the approximate 60 cases of CCC-NOS reported in the English-language literature to define the characteristics of this unusual neoplasm. Combining our cases with those in the literature, a total of 66 cases, confirms that CCC-NOS is a low-grade malignant neoplasm with distinctive clinical and pathologic features. It arises primarily in the minor salivary glands (91% of cases), particularly in the palate or base of tongue, and usually occurs in patients >30 years of age (mean 54.2 years) with a female-to-male ratio of 1.4:1; 12.3% of patients experience local recurrences, 19.3% develop positive regional lymph nodes, 8.8% have distant metastases, and 3.5% die of the disease. Immunohistochemical study focusing on tumor differentiation was performed for our cases, and the findings support the concept that CCC-NOS is of ductal epithelial origin without myoepithelial cell participation.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands, Minor

Clear cell carcinoma is a rare neoplasm that arises in salivary glands. They are more frequent in the intraoral minor salivary glands than the major salivary glands. The present case involved a 44-year-old Japanese man with a slight reddish swelling on the mandibular gingiva. Initial clinical diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma based on this erythroplakial lesion. All tumor cells displayed the expected pattern of immunoreactivity, with positive results for pancytokeratin and high molecular weight cytokeratin. This report examined the immunohistochemical characteristics of clear cell carcinoma, minor salivary gland, and reviewed the existing literature.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Gingival Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands, Minor

Pancreatic neoplasms have been reliably classified on the basis of their histopathology and immunophenotype. In this study, we report on a pancreatic tumor whose phenotype and genotype could not be assigned to any known tumor entity. The tumor was observed in the pancreatic head of a 54-year-old woman. It was found to be a solid infiltrating carcinoma with abundant clear cells. Apart from cytokeratin, the tumor cells expressed vimentin, S100, and MUC-1. DNA microarray analysis revealed a transcription profile clearly differing from that of normal pancreatic tissue and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Despite metastatic behavior, the tumor displayed a more favorable course than conventional pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We suggest that this tumor be called solid type clear cell carcinoma of the pancreas.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Liver Neoplasms; Microarray Analysis; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; S100 Proteins; Tomography, Spiral Computed; Vimentin

The clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare, locally infiltrative neoplasm with a marked tendency for local recurrence and regional lymph node metastasis. The first description in 1985 included three cases of destructive jaw lesions. The entity was described as a clear cell odontogenic tumour in the previous WHO classification due to the fact that rarity of the lesion restricting pathologists to understand the spectrum of the degree of malignancy. These tumours have a peak incidence in the 5th-7th decades. CCOC tends to occur more frequently in the mandible, with a female predilection. The most striking histological feature is of large islands and strands of uniform cells with round or ovoid nuclei and clear cytoplasm. Presently we describe a case of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma in a 52-year-old female who presented with a bony-hard lump in the left body of the mandible. The patient is free of any recurrence after 2 years of follow-up.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Cell Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Keratins; Mandibular Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Odontogenic Tumors

Glycogen rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare neoplasm with different morphological characteristics to ordinary breast carcinomas. However, it has some common features with clear cell carcinomas of other organs. This report describes a case of clear cell carcinoma of the breast with a solid papillary pattern centrally localised in the left breast of a 45 year old woman. Antibodies directed against cytokeratin 7 (CK7), CK10, CK14, CK17, CK18, CK19, CK20, CK5/6/18, CK8/18, high molecular weight cytokeratin AE3, high molecular weight cytokeratin 34betaE12, the oestrogen receptor, the progesterone receptor, chromogranin, S-100 protein, smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and carcinoembryogenic antigen were applied to analyse the immunophenotypical profile of this rare neoplasm.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Antigens, CD; Breast Neoplasms; Cytoplasm; Female; Glycogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Middle Aged; Vimentin

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the lung is extremely rare. On radiography, a 45-year-old female with fever was found to have an abnormal shadow in the left lower lung field. Bronchoscopy revealed a polypoid tumor in the left bronchus. On biopsy, the tumor was determined to be adenocarcinoma. Preoperative examination found no tumors outside of the lung. The patient underwent left lower lobectomy with bronchial wedge resection. The tumor had completely obstructed and dilated the left lower bronchus, but had not invaded the tissue outside the bronchial wall. Microscopically, the cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained abundant glycogen, and the tumor had solid and glandular structures. The tumor was diagnosed as clear cell adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Bronchial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Polyps

The gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors from a heterogenous group that include several entities: leiomyomas, schwanomas and less differentiated tumors often referred as GIST. These neoplasm are uncommon and their clinical behaviour is most difficult to predict. We describe a malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the ileum coexisting with renal cell carcinoma. The neoplasms were fixed in formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. For immunohistochemical studies deparaffinized tissue sections were incubated with antibodies against vimentin, desmin, muscle specific actin, S100, CD34, GFAP, NSE and keratin. The epithelioid and spindle cells of ileal neoplasm were arranged in interlacing fascicle with occasional palisading and were positive for vimentin and CD34. Positivity for muscle specific actin was focally found. The renal neoplasm required differential diagnosis from metastatic GIST. The morphological and immunohistochemical investigations in our case were consistent with GIST coexisting with primitive renal cell carcinoma. One of the problems connected to the anatomo-clinical evaluation of GIST consist in the difficulty of making a prognosis. An almost complete review of the literature and view point on the topic has been performed. As a conclusion judging from papers regarding this argument, no clear parameters of biological behaviour exist excluding mitotic index.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Antigens, CD34; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Female; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Humans; Ileal Neoplasms; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Mitotic Index; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; S100 Proteins

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) accounts for approximately 18% of all epithelial ovarian malignancies in Taiwan and portends a poor prognosis. Here, we sought to investigate whether immunohistochemistry with an anti-pan-cytokeratin antibody cocktail (AE1/AE3) can be used as an adjunct to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining for improving the detection of isolated tumor cells (ITCs) and micrometastasis to pelvic lymph nodes (LNs). We also assessed whether these lesions may predict disease recurrence.. Pelvic lymphadenectomy specimens were obtained from 197 patients with stage 1 OCCC who had undergone surgery between 2000 and 2018 from Linkou and Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Immunohistochemical staining with AE1/AE3 was applied to a total of 1186 slides. Clusters of metastatic tumor cells, detected immunohistochemically, were classified as ITCs (clusters with diameters of ≤0.2 mm) or micrometastases (tumor cell clusters of >0.2 but ≤2.0 mm). We also assessed the diameter of metastases in patients with positive lymph nodes (stage IIIA1, n = 3, 7 positive nodes).. Clusters with a positive AE1/AE3 staining were identified in five (2.53%) of the 197 patients (ITCs, n = 3; micrometastasis, n = 2). Four patients had no evidence of disease recurrence but a patient recurred at follow-up. Metastatic foci of patients with stage IIIA1 disease were all >2.0 mm in size.. Immunohistochemical staining with AE1/AE3 can identify micrometastasis or ITCs in LNs missed on routine H&E staining. The role of micrometastasis in predicting recurrent OCCC and implementing on treatment strategies requires further investigation.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Female; Humans; Keratins; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Micrometastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Ovarian Neoplasms; Prognosis

We report an extremely rare case of primary clear cell carcinoma (CCC), not otherwise specified (NOS) of the nasal cavity. An 80-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with left nasal obstruction caused by a nasal cavity tumor. The tumor was resected completely with lateral rhinotomy approach. Histopathological examination revealed CCC. CCC metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is at the top of differential diagnosis, was ruled out by the absence of renal tumor at computed tomography (CT). Also, immunohistochemical results of the specimen with vimentin negative and CK7 focally positive excluded the possibility of RCC metastasis. The patient is free from recurrence 1 year after the surgery, and there is no evidence of RCC. In this report histopathological characteristics, especially immunohistochemical properties of primary CCC, NOS of the nasal cavity are presented together with some clinical features of this rare tumor. Also, we refer to histopathogenesis of primary CCC of nasal cavity in relation to myoepithelial carcinoma. Histopathological discussion is further extended to include other CCC and CCC-resembling histologies to confirm the uniqueness of the present case.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nasal Obstruction; Nose Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vimentin

A case of recurrent hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) of the parotid gland in a 46-year-old female is here introduced. The patient had undergone a left superficial parotidectomy 6 months ago in another institution for an alleged benign, circumscribed mass 2.4 cm in diameter of the left parotid gland. Histopathological examination revealed a poorly differentiated HCCC bearing a EWSR-1 translocation on FISH examination. Fine Needle Cytology (FNC) was performed on three separate soft tissue masses in the pre-masseterine area and a cytological diagnosis of recurrent, poorly differentiated, possibly aggressive variant of HCCC, was rendered. FISH performed on a destained Diff Quik stained smear demonstrated an ESWR-1 translocation, which supported the cytopathological diagnosis. The cytomorphologic features and the differential diagnosis of this aggressive variant of HCCC are briefly discussed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Female; Humans; Keratins; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Parotid Neoplasms; Rare Diseases; Ultrasonography

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Facial Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Ki-67 Antigen; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mucin-1; S100 Proteins; Sweat Gland Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Biomarkers; Carcinoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Keratins; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Myoepithelioma; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; S100 Proteins

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Keratins; Male; Nasal Cavity; Nose Neoplasms; S100 Proteins

Metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) should be considered in differential diagnosis of intraoral clear cell tumors, including mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC).. We compared the clinical, histologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical characteristics of 9 oral metastatic CCRCCs and 8 intraoral clear cell MECs.. Oral metastatic CCRCC affected salivary-gland containing tissues in 7 cases (78%). Microscopically, oral metastasis revealed a proliferation of neoplastic clear cells arranged in an alveolar pattern with central blood vessels, features that were not seen in any intraoral clear cell MEC. Mucicarmine staining was positive only in clear cell MEC. Immunohistochemistry showed similarities in cytokeratin expression; vimentin and CD10 were expressed in all oral metastatic CCRCCs but in only 1 clear cell MEC each.. Besides clinical history, the alveolar pattern, vessel distribution, absence of mucicarmine staining, and vimentin and CD10 immunoexpression are useful in histologic differential diagnosis of CCRCC and clear cell MEC.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carmine; Cell Nucleus; Coloring Agents; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hemorrhage; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Male; Microvessels; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Neprilysin; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Vimentin

Intrahepatic clear cell cholangiocarcinoma is very rare - only 8 cases have been reported. A 56-year-old Japanese man with chronic hepatitis B infection was diagnosed with a 2.2 cm hepatocellular carcinoma on imaging, and hepatic segmentectomy was performed. Histopathologically, the tumor cells had copious clear cytoplasm and formed glandular structures or solid nests. These pathological findings suggested the tumor was a clear cell variant of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Particular stains and radiological images suggested that the cause of the clear cell change had been glycogen, not mucin nor lipid. On immunohistochemical staining, cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK19 were positive, whereas CK20 was negative. Vimentin was detected on the cell membranes, and CD56 was focally positive. The patient was given adjuvant chemotherapy and is currently free from the tumor 7 mo postoperatively. Careful follow-up with adequate postoperative supplementary chemotherapy is necessary because the characteristics of this type of tumor are unknown.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cholangiocarcinoma; Humans; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Vimentin

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is a very rare event. We report three cases of tumor metastasizing in another tumor: a clear cell renal cell carcinoma in a vesicular thyroid adenoma, a lung carcinoma in a meningioma and a neuroendocrine lung carcinoma in a clear cell renal cell carcinoma. According to the literature, clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common tumor recipient of metastasis while lung carcinoma is the most common donor tumor. Several physiopathological mechanisms can explain this phenomenon, but many of them are still unknown.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Large Cell; Cell Division; Female; Hemoptysis; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nephrectomy; Thyroid Neoplasms

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare odontogenic tumor associated with aggressive clinical behavior, metastasis, and low survival. We report a case of CCOC affecting the mandible of a 39-year-old man. The tumor presented a biphasic pattern composed of clear cell nests intermingled with eosinophilic cells and separated by collagenous stroma. Immunoreactivity to cytokeratin (CK), specifically AE1/AE3 and CK 8, 14, 18, and 19 was found, as well as to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). The tumor cells were negative for S100 protein, CK 13, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, laminin and type IV collagen. Low labeling indices for the proliferation markers Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and to p53 protein might predict a favorable prognosis for the lesion. A surgical resection was performed, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. A 2-year follow-up has shown no signs of recurrence. The significance of histochemical and immunohistochemical resources in the correct diagnosis of CCOC is analyzed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Humans; Keratins; Male; Mandibular Neoplasms; Mucin-1; Odontogenic Tumors

To assess the clinicopathological features and molecular genetic changes of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma (MCRCC).. All the data reviewed were from the files of pathology department of Changhai hospital collected from 1990 to 2006. In totally 706 cases of renal cell carcinoma studied, there were 21 MCRCC cases identified. The clinical and pathological features were assessed, immunohistochemical staining was performed, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI) were assessed using four microsatellite markers on chromosomes 3, 9 and 14.. Of the 21 patients, the age ranged from 34 to 72 years (mean 50 years), 19 were male and two female. Tumors were found incidentally in 18 patients during physical examination, three patients had anemia or microhematuria. Among the 21 patients, 10 tumors were in the left kidney and 11 in the right. Eighteen patients were stage T1, two stage T2, and one stage T3 with perinephric tissue involvement. Follow up information was available in 20 patients, all showed no evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis. Grossly, the tumor size ranged from 0.3 cm to 10.0 cm in the greatest dimension, consisting of multilocular cysts with variable sizes which contained light yellow, colloid or hemorrhagic fluid. The septae varied in thickness (ranged 0.1 cm to 0.5 cm, mean 0.2 cm). Microscopically the cysts were lined by single to multilayered epithelial cells with clear or lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. There were clusters of clear cells seen in the septae stroma. Sixteen tumors were of Fuhrman grade 1, and five were of Fuhrman grade 2. Immunohistochemically, the clear cells were positive for vimentin, ABC, CAM5.2 and EMA. Six samples were positive for CD10, and 16 were positive for NSE. Among 21 patients, PCR amplification was successful in 11 patients. Microsatellite alterations were found in five patients. LOH was observed in 3 of 11 MCRCC (27%), two were at D3S1560 locus, and one at D14S617 locus. MSI frequency was identified in 2 of 11 MCRCC (18%), locating at D9S168 or D14S617 locus, respectively.. MCRCC is an uncommon tumor of kidney, constituting 2.9% of all RCC enrolled into the study. It has distinctive clinical and pathological characteristics with an excellent outcome. Results indicated that MCRCC is a rare entity with low malignant potential.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Female; Humans; Keratins; Kidney; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; World Health Organization

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Arm; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor; Deoxycytidine; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Gemcitabine; Humans; Keratins; Neoplasm Proteins; Neprilysin; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Subcutaneous Tissue; Vimentin

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Keratins; Male; Membrane Proteins; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Diagnostic use of antibodies against aquaporin water channel proteins and PAX-2, a nuclear transcription factor in renal development, was tested in 202 renal neoplasms, using tissue microarray technique. Immunohistochemistry for aquaporin-1, aquaporin-2, PAX-2, CD10, and cytokeratin 7 was performed on 102 clear cell renal cell carcinomas, 44 papillary renal cell carcinomas (among them 34 type 1 and 10 type 2), 24 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas, three collecting duct carcinomas (carcinomas of the collecting ducts of Bellini), and 29 oncocytomas. Aquaporin-1 expression was found in clear cell renal cell carcinomas and papillary renal cell carcinomas of both types (78 and 73%, respectively), but not in chromophobe renal cell carcinomas, collecting duct carcinomas, and oncocytomas. Aquaporin-2 expression was not seen in any of the tested tumors. PAX-2 and CD10 was found in the majority of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (88 and 85%, respectively) but only in few papillary renal cell carcinomas, chromophobe renal cell carcinomas and oncocytomas. Decrease or loss of aquaporin-1 and PAX-2 was shown in higher grades compared to lower grades of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (P<0.0001 and <0.0245, respectively). Cytokeratin 7 was rarely seen in clear cell renal cell carcinomas, type 2 papillary renal cell carcinomas, and oncocytomas, but was found in the majority of type 1 papillary renal cell carcinomas (97.1%) and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (88%). Aquaporin-1 and PAX-2 expression was found to correlate with nuclear grading for clear cell renal cell carcinomas but not for papillary renal cell carcinomas. No correlation of tumor stage and aquaporin-1 and PAX-2 expression was seen. Aquaporin-1 and PAX-2 are reliable markers for clear cell renal cell carcinomas of lower grades but not for higher grades. CD10 expression remains stable, independent of nuclear grading.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adenoma, Oxyphilic; Aquaporin 1; Aquaporin 2; Aquaporins; Biomarkers, Tumor; Blood Group Antigens; Carcinoma, Papillary; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; DNA-Binding Proteins; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratin-7; Keratins; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Neprilysin; PAX2 Transcription Factor; Tissue Array Analysis; Transcription Factors

We present a case of a 16-year-old boy with a primary clear cell adenocarcinoma of the prostatic utricle. The patient presented with a 6-month history of intermittent, nonpainful, gross hematuria and an associated right renal agenesis. Radiographic studies revealed the presence of a solid and cystic mass between the bladder neck and the cranium of the prostate. Serum tests, including prostate-specific antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA-19-9, and human chorionic gonadotropin, were performed and found to be within normal limits. A surgical resection of the mass including prostate and seminal vesicles was performed. Grossly, a polypoid exophytic tumor was present at the prostatic utricle. Histologically, the tumor shows the classical clear cell morphology reminiscent of the so-called mesonephric adenocarcinomas. At clinical follow-up, the patient is alive and well 18 months after surgical resection. The present case highlights an unusual phenomenon of the development of an unusual form of adenocarcinoma in an adolescent.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adolescent; Biomarkers, Tumor; CA-125 Antigen; Humans; Keratins; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms

A solid pattern of tumor cells with a clear cytoplasm is common to both ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OvCCC) and renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC). This study examined the possible differential expression of CD10 and cytokeratins (CK7, CK20, 34betaE12, and CAM5.2) between these two types. An immunohistochemical technique using peroxidase-labeled amino acid polymers was used to test formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. In OvCCC, 6 of 29 cases were positive for CD10, and all cases had expression of CK7, 34betaE12, and CAM5.2. In contrast, all 24 RCCC cases had CD10 and CAM5.2 immunoreactivity, but none had any staining for 34betaE12. CK7 was only expressed in nine cases. No CK20 positivity was observed in any sample from either tumor type. Localization of CD10 expression was different in OvCCC versus RCCC. Although positive staining for 34betaE12 strongly suggests OvCCC, sometimes only a few cells may be stained. Therefore, 34betaE12-negative biopsies also should be evaluated for CD10 and CK7 immunoreactivity to enable histologic and cytologic differential diagnosis.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Biomarkers; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Keratin-20; Keratin-7; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Neprilysin; Ovarian Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Keratins; Male; Mucin-1; Palatal Neoplasms; Palate, Hard; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Humans; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Kidney Tubules, Collecting; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary

To study the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal epithelial neoplasms.. Ninety-one cases of renal epithelial neoplasms with detailed pathologic records were enrolled. In addition to microscopic examination, Mowy's colloidal iron staining and immunohistochemical studies (CD10, vimentin and CK7) were also performed.. Among the 91 cases, there were 78 (86%) clear cell renal carcinoma cases, 8 (9%) papillary renal carcinoma cases, 4 (4%) chromophobe renal carcinoma cases and 1 (1%) renal oncocytoma case. Sixty-three of the 78 clear cell renal carcinoma cases were positive for CD10 and 69 were positive for vimentin (81% and 88% respectively), with prominent cell membrane staining. The majority (74/78) of clear cell renal carcinoma were negative for CK7. All 17 clear cell renal carcinoma cases showed negative or focal coarse droplet-like staining pattern for Mowy's colloidal iron stain. All 4 chromophobe renal cell carcinoma cases showed prominent cell membrane staining for CK7 and blue reticular staining pattern for Mowy's colloidal iron stain. All of which were negative for CD10 and vimentin. The case of renal oncocytoma failed to react with antibodies to CD10, vimentin and CK7, or Mowy's colloidal iron stain.. CD10, vimentin, CK7 and Mowy's colloidal iron stains have proved to be useful in differential diagnosis of common renal tumors which may not be easily distinguished on the basis of histologic examination alone.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Carcinoma, Papillary; Colloids; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Iron; Keratin-7; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Neprilysin; Staining and Labeling; Vimentin

Yolk sac tumors (YSTs) have a variety of morphologic patterns, some of which can resemble either endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) or clear cell carcinoma (CCC). Immunohistochemical staining for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is usually only focal and thus is not always helpful in the diagnosis of YST, and pancytokeratin (CK) is expressed by all three tumors. We studied a battery of immunohistochemical markers with specific attention to the utility of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) in differentiating YST from EAC and CCC. A total of 46 ovarian tumors were retrieved for this study: 16 YST, 19 EAC, and 11 CCC. The three groups were analyzed for the expression of CK7, AFP, Leu-M1 (CD15), EMA, and WT1 by immunohistochemistry. In addition, CK and c-kit (CD117) were studied in the YSTs. All of the YSTs tested (100%) were positive for CK. CK7 was considered negative in all 16 YST cases (100%), although a few tumor cells (1%-2%) stained in 4 cases. In contrast, 17 of 19 EACs and all 11 CCCs had diffuse 3+ to 4+ positivity for CK7; the two other EACs showed 2+ positivity for CK7 (40% and 30% of the tumors). AFP was positive in 12 of 15 YSTs (80%), but was generally focal with 1+ staining in 10 cases (67%); only 2 cases were 3+. All of the EACs and CCCs were negative for AFP. Leu-M1 was 1+ in 9 of 15 YSTs (60%), while the remaining 6 were considered negative. Leu-M1 was positive in 10 of 15 EACs tested (67%), but the staining was variable with 1 case 3+, 3 cases 2+, and 6 cases 1+. In the CCCs, 10 cases (91%) were 3+ to 4+, and 1 case was 1+. EMA was essentially negative in 15 of 15 YSTs (100%), with 3 completely negative and 12 showing very focal (<5%) staining. Eight of 12 EACs showed 4+ staining, 3 showed 3+ staining, and 1 showed 2+ staining. All of the 11 CCCs (100%) showed 4+ staining. WT1 was negative in all cases of YST and CCC; 16 of 18 EAC tested (89%) were negative for WT1, but 2 (11%) were 4+ positive. C-kit was negative in all YSTs. In conclusion, it is important for pathologists to be aware that YSTs may mimic EACs and CCCs and that this distinction is important for the clinical management of patients with these tumors. AFP staining is focal in most YST, so an absence of staining does not exclude this diagnosis. CK7 and EMA are essentially negative in YST but are diffusely positive in CCC and EAC, making them useful markers for differentiating YSTs from both CCCs and EACs. Leu-M1 may also be helpful for distinguishing YSTs from CCCs.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; alpha-Fetoproteins; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Endometrioid; Diagnosis, Differential; Endodermal Sinus Tumor; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratin-7; Keratins; Lewis X Antigen; Mucin-1; Ovarian Neoplasms; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; WT1 Proteins

A firm, ulcerated tumor formed on the left side of the tongue of an elderly woman. Histopathological analysis showed that this unusual neoplasm was composed of monomorphic polygonal cells that exhibited a clear cytoplasm containing large amounts of periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive, diastase-digestive material. Most of the tumor cells stained immunohistochemically for Cytokeratin, high-molecular, CAM5.2, and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), but were negative for alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and S-100 protein. These findings supported a diagnosis of clear cell adenocarcinoma. Although patients with this type of tumor generally have a favorable prognosis, the tumor in our patient was fast-growing and contained a large number of Ki-67 positive cells, which are known to be highly proliferative. Thus, this case highlights the fact that even clear cell adenocarcinomas that are usually slow-growing should be investigated by conventional morphological techniques and their proliferative activity quantified in order to select the most appropriate treatment strategy.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cytoplasm; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Ki-67 Antigen; Mucin-1; Tongue Neoplasms

Renal cell carcinoma comprises several histological types with different clinical behavior. Accurate pathological characterization is important in the clinical management of these tumors. We describe gene expression profiles in 41 renal tumors determined by using DNA microarrays containing 22,648 unique cDNAs representing 17,083 different UniGene Clusters, including 7230 characterized human genes. Differences in the patterns of gene expression among the different tumor types were readily apparent; hierarchical cluster analysis of the tumor samples segregated histologically distinct tumor types solely based on their gene expression patterns. Conventional renal cell carcinomas with clear cells showed a highly distinctive pattern of gene expression. Papillary carcinomas formed a tightly clustered group, as did tumors arising from the distal nephron and the normal kidney samples. Surprisingly, conventional renal cell carcinomas with granular cytoplasm were heterogeneous, and did not resemble any of the conventional carcinomas with clear cytoplasm in their pattern of gene expression. Characterization of renal cell carcinomas based on gene expression patterns provides a revised classification of these tumors and has the potential to supply significant biological and clinical insights.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Antigens, CD; Carcinoma, Papillary; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Cytoplasmic Granules; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA, Complementary; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Multigene Family; Nephrectomy; Nephrons; Neprilysin; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Vimentin

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Humans; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms

Clear cell tumours, in the head and neck region, are usually derived from salivary or odontogenic tissues, or may be metastatic. A few clear cells may be present in odontogenic cysts, while, odontogenic neoplasms composed predominantly of clear cells are quite rare. They include calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours (CEOT), ameloblastoma and odontogenic carcinoma. Clear cell odontogenic tumour (CCOT) has been classified in the last WHO classification as a benign tumour, but it is now recognized as a more sinister lesion and current opinion is that CCOT should be designated as a carcinoma. These tumours are characterized by aggressive growth, recurrences, and metastatic disease. A recent review of the literature has yielded 30 cases of tumours with similar characteristics. These tumours have a peak incidence in the 5th-7th decades, with a female predilection. The anterior portions of the jaws, especially the mandible, are most frequently affected. The aggressive potential of these neoplasms is well documented by the extensive invasion of adjacent tissues, multiple recurrences and regional or distant metastases.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Keratins; Maxillary Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Proteins; Odontogenic Tumors

Renal clear cell carcinoma rarely metastasizes to the ovary potentially mimicking a primary ovarian clear cell carcinoma. The immunocytochemical profiles of the two tumors were compared. Control groups of ovarian endometrioid and serous adenocarcinomas were also examined using the same antibody panel. Paraffin sections were studied with the immunocytochemical technique using eight antibodies. Renal clear cell carcinomas were positive for vimentin (8/12 cases), CK5/6 (0/12), 34 beta E12 (1/12), Ber-Ep4 (5/12), CA125 (0/12), ER (1/12), and PGR (1/12). Ovarian clear cell carcinomas showed positivity with vimentin (1/10 cases), CK5/6 (2/10), 34 beta E12 (10/10), Ber-Ep4 (10/10), CA125 (8/10), ER (7/10), and PGR (6/10). Endometrioid adenocarcinomas were positive for vimentin (9/10 cases), CK5/6 (8/10), 34 beta E12 (10/10), Ber-Ep4 (9/10), CA125 (9/10), ER (9/10), and PGR (10/10). Eight serous adenocarcinomas were positive in all cases for all the antibodies except CK5/6 (7/8 cases) and 34 beta E12 (7/8 cases). All the tumors reacted for epithelial membrane antigen. This immunohistochemical panel allows clear cell carcinomas of kidney and ovary to be distinguished. The latter has a greater phenotypic similarity with serous and endometrioid adenocarcinomas than with renal clear cell carcinoma demonstrating yet again that these ovarian tumors share a common histogenetic origin.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antigens, Surface; Biomarkers, Tumor; CA-125 Antigen; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Ovarian Neoplasms; Receptors, Estrogen; Receptors, Progesterone; Vimentin

To report about a lung tumor that was a combination of typical carcinoid and adenocarcinoma.. The patient, a 71-year-old male, presented with a 2.5-cm pulmonary nodule that, microscopically, was a combination of an adenocarcinoma (tubular with clear cell features and bronchioloalveolar) and a typical carcinoid. Immunohistochemically, both components were positive for cytokeratin, but only the carcinoid component was positive for chromogranin and synaptophysin. In the range of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung, a combination with other histological types of carcinoma (squamous, adeno, large cell and pleomorphic) can be found with both small cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, but is very rare with typical and atypical carcinoids.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoid Tumor; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Chromogranins; Humans; Keratins; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Synaptophysin

Adenomas of the parathyroid gland, the majority of which contain mixed cell populations, are the most frequent cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Parathyroid adenomas composed exclusively of water-clear cells are exceptionally rare. Until now, only 2 cases have been reported in English literature. We report a water-clear cell adenoma of the parathyroid gland in an intrathyroidal position, which has not been described previously according to our knowledge.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Parathyroid Hormone; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Thyroid Gland

Nephrogenic Adenoma (NA) is a rare lesion of the urinary tract, considered a metaplastic response to chronic inflammation, trauma or immunosuppression.. We report two cases of NA arising in the urinary bladder of patients with previous history of recurrent urinary tract infections due to neuropsychiatric disease. Pathological examination of the lesions, resected by transurethral (TUR) management, revealed a papillary proliferation of tubules and cysts lined by cuboidal to low-columnar cells without atypia. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for Cam 5.2, CK7 and EMA. MIB 1 count demonstrated a positivity in 12/200 cells in case 1 and < 2/200 in case 2. No expression of nuclear p53 was evident.. NA is a benign unusual neoplasm which might be misdiagnosed as clear cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder or prostatic adenocarcinoma. Its recognition is important because it is a benign lesion cured by a conservative resection and no additional therapy is generally required.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adenoma; Antigens, Nuclear; Biomarkers, Tumor; Calbindin 2; Carcinoma in Situ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Keratins; Ki-67 Antigen; Male; Metaplasia; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Nuclear Proteins; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protein Isoforms; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of salivary glands (CCASG) is a relatively rare tumor, composed entirely of clear cells of putative ductal origin. It bears striking morphologic similarities to renal cell carcinoma (RCC) of clear cell type on hematoxylin and eosin stains. Differentiation between CCASG and metastatic RCC to the salivary glands has been considered problematic or even impossible on morphologic grounds. We examined three cases of CCASG and 12 cases of RCC (6 primary and 6 metastatic) by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Two distinctive immunohistochemical and ultrastructural patterns emerged from this analysis. CCASG showed positivity for high molecular weight cytokeratin and carcinoembryonic antigen and ultrastructurally showed prominent squamoid differentiation, glycogen pools, and absence of lipid. In contrast, RCC was characterized by positivity for vimentin and complete absence of staining for high molecular weight cytokeratin and carcinoembryonic antigen. On ultrastructural studies, RCC lacked any squamoid differentiation, and the tumor cells contained abundant cytoplasmic lipid in addition to glycogen. Thus, based on the consistent differences on the immunohistochemical staining patterns and their characteristic subcellular morphology, CCASG and RCC can be distinguished on pathologic evaluation. The different direction of differentiation of the cells in CCASG and RCC (i.e., ductal in the former and renal tubular and mesodermal in the latter) results in their distinctive immunophenotypical and ultrastructural features.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Aged; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Glycogen; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Vimentin

Cholangiocarcinomas may be extrahepatic or intrahepatic; the latter are further divided into hilar and peripheral types. Peripheral cholangiocarcinomas often resemble adenocarcinomas arising in other organs. Although clear cell changes may occur in hepatocellular carcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, peripheral cholangiocarcinomas with clear cell change are rare. In such cases, an extrahepatic primary carcinoma must be excluded. We present a patient with a large, clear cell papillary carcinoma in the liver. Extensive workup of the patient for other possible primary sites including kidneys, adrenals, thyroid, prostate, or urinary bladder failed to indicate any other neoplasm. The patient is alive without evidence of disease 30 months after complete resection. The histological, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic results were most consistent with a neoplasm in the cholangiocarcinoma family. To the best of our knowledge, a clear cell papillary peripheral cholangio carcinoma has not been described previously. This neoplasm may be related to the recently described clear cell carcinomas of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Antibodies; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Papillary; Cholangiocarcinoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction

Primary clear cell carcinoma of the pancreas resembling metastatic renal carcinoma has only rarely been described. To date it has been poorly characterized as a distinct tumour entity.. We report a case of clear cell carcinoma in a 53-year-old man involving the head of the pancreas and which had a small intraductal papillary component. The clear cell portion comprised about 90% of the tumour mass. It showed predominantly a solid growth pattern with a few scattered tubular structures. Immunocytochemically the tumour cells stained positively for cytokeratins 7, 8, 18 and 19, whereas the reaction for vimentin and neuroendocrine markers was negative. K-ras analysis revealed a point mutation at codon 12 with mutation of GGT to GAT.. The intraductal tumour component of this clear cell carcinoma as well as the cytokeratin pattern and the K-ras mutation suggest that this rare type of pancreatic cancer has a ductal phenotype.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Genes, ras; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Keratins; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Point Mutation; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

A rare case of clear cell odontogenic tumor is presented with an immunohistochemical study using epithelial cell markers. A 35-year-old Japanese man was admitted with a complaint of painless swelling in the anterior region of his mandible. Radiological examination showed a relatively well-defined multilocular radiolucency with root resorption of the adjacent teeth. Despite a subtotal mandibulectomy, the tumor recurred three times. Histologically, the tumor was composed of proliferating clear cells and infiltrated through the cancellous bone. Histochemical and ultrastructural analyses detected cytoplasmic glycogen granules in the clear cells. They showed immunoreactivities for cytokeratin 8, 13 and 19, filaggrin and anti-ameloblastoma antibodies, suggesting an odontogenic epithelial origin.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigens, Neoplasm; Biomarkers, Tumor; Epithelium; Filaggrin Proteins; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Keratins; Male; Odontogenic Tumors

Six permanent human ovarian carcinoma cell lines (OVISE, OVTOKO, OVMANA and OVSAYO from clear cell adenocarcinoma, and OVSAHO and OVKATE from serous papillary adenocarcinoma) were established from solid tumours. The cell lines have been in culture for 5-8 years, the passage number varying from 62 to 246. Immunohistochemical analysis has shown that five of the six cell lines express at least six cytokeratin (CK) polypeptides. OVISE and OVSAYO expressed CKs 6, 7, 8, 18, 19 and 15 and/or 16. OVTOKO was positive for CKs 7, 8, 18, 19 and 15 and/or 16. OVSAHO expressed CKs 6, 7, 8, 14, 18, 19 and 15 and/or 16. OVMANA expressed CKs 6, 7, 8, 18, 19, 20 and 15 and/or 16. OVKATE expressed CKs 6, 7, 8, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 15 and/or 16. The expression of CK7, additional expression of vimentin, and clinical and histopathological findings enabled us to confirm that six cell lines had been established from primary ovarian cancers. Two of the six cell lines were positive for CK20, although CK20 was not expressed in the original tumours. The heterotransplanted tumours produced by CK20-positive cells also expressed CK20. This is the first report of ovarian carcinoma cell lines that express CK20 irrespective of their histological type. CK20 has been found in all colon carcinoma cell lines, but only in the mucinous type of ovarian tumours. These new ovarian carcinoma cell lines will therefore provide a relevant experimental system for elucidating the regulatory control mechanisms of intermediate filament expression.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary; Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Humans; Intermediate Filament Proteins; Intermediate Filaments; Keratin-20; Keratins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Ovarian Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 3 cases of clear cell odontogenic carcinoma were studied. The tumors were composed of sheets or islands of clear cells separated by mature collageneous tissue. Basaloid cells were also seen in the tumors. Tumor cells showed positive reactions for epithelial membrane antigen and cytokeratin. More PCNA positive cells were seen in basaloid cells than in clear cells. Metastasis to regional lymph nodes was found in all 3 cases.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Mandibular Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Odontogenic Tumors; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

Two permanent human ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma lines (OVISE and OVTOKO) were established from metastatic tumors of two patients who were treated with five to six courses of CAP chemotherapy. The two cell lines grow on monolayers and showed a variety in both size and shape: small or moderately sized cuboidal cells, columnar cells, spindle-shaped cells, and malignant tumor giant cells. The cell lines have been in culture for 4 to 6 years, the passage number varying from 160 to 220. The mean population-doubling time of the two cells was 60 to 70 hr. The OVISE cells shed tumor-associated antigens CA19-9, CA125, and TPA in the culture medium, whereas the OVTOKO cells did not secrete them at detectable levels. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that coexpression of cytokeratins and vimentin was preserved in the two cell lines, which is a feature of cultured epithelial origin. Cytokeratin polypeptides 7, 8, 18, and 19 were expressed in both cell lines. The EGF receptor was more intensely expressed in the OVTOKO cells than in the OVISE cells. The estrogen and progesterone receptors were negative in both cell lines. The two cell lines showed no chemosensitivity to anticancer drugs including cisplatin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide. Heterotransplantation of the two cell lines reflected the origin of cells. Intraperitoneal transplantation of the OVTOKO cells yielded peritoneal implantation and distant metastasis, whereas that of the OVISE cells showed no dissemination and metastasis. These new ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma lines will provide a relevant experimental system for further investigations into the intrinsic alterations responsible for malignant progression and chemoresistance.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Aged; Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Division; Desmin; Drug Resistance; ErbB Receptors; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Karyotyping; Keratins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Transplantation; Ovarian Neoplasms; Time Factors; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Vimentin

We report a case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland arised in a 72 years-old woman, in which the diagnosis was suspected on fine-needle aspiration and confirmed on surgical specimen. Immunohistochemical evidence for the dual differentiation (glandular and myoepithelial) of the tumour was obtained both on surgical specimen and cytological inclusion. Morphological features and proliferating index (MIB1) analysis suggest that this case is an intermediate grade malignant neoplasm. Main differential diagnosis of the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma with predominantly clear cell tumours of the salivary glands were discussed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma; Coloring Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Keratins; Mitotic Index; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Parotid Neoplasms

Three cases of malignant clear cell carcinoma of the gallbladder were studied immunohistochemically with a broad panel of antibodies, especially cytokeratins, in order to better characterize their histogenesis. The advantage of immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis between clear cell carcinoma of the gallbladder and other clear cell carcinomas metastatic to the gallbladder such as renal cell carcinoma is discussed.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gallbladder Neoplasms; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphatic Metastasis; Middle Aged

Sweat gland carcinomas with clear cell features are extremely rare neoplasms, with few well documented cases reported in the literature.. Data on nine patients with malignant eccrine adnexal neoplasms characterized by a prominent clear cell neoplastic component were studied. Immunohistochemical stains with a panel of antibodies against epithelial, stromal, and neural antigens were performed on five tumors and electron microscopic examination of one.. The tumors showed a spectrum of histologic features and growth patterns that ranged from well differentiated, low grade malignant neoplasms to poorly differentiated, highly aggressive, recurrent, and metastasizing tumors. All tumors contained a varied proportion of cells with abundant clear cytoplasm, similar to those seen in a group of benign eccrine adnexal neoplasms that have been variously designated as clear cell hidradenoma, nodular hidradenoma, clear cell myoepithelioma, and eccrine acrospiroma. Immunohistochemical stains on five tumors and ultrastructural examination in one were consistent with eccrine differentiation. Clinical follow-up of eight patients showed local recurrence in six, followed by metastases in three, despite local excision, radiation, and chemotherapy. Criteria for differentiating these tumors from their benign counterparts and from other types of malignant adnexal neoplasms and metastatic lesions are presented.. The findings indicate that clear cell eccrine carcinomas comprise a heterogeneous group of lesions that may range from locally recurring, low grade well differentiated tumors to highly aggressive, high grade tumors with a definite potential for uncontrollable local recurrence and metastasis. Wide surgical excision is recommended as the primary treatment for such neoplasms.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Aged; Antigens, Neoplasm; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Cell Nucleus; Combined Modality Therapy; Cytoplasm; Diagnosis, Differential; Eccrine Glands; Epidermis; Epithelium; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Middle Aged; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Sweat Gland Neoplasms; Vimentin

Four new permanent cell lines (RCC-A, -B, -C, and -D) derived from different human renal cell carcinomas of the clear cell type were established in tissue culture. The cell lines displayed characteristic differences in cell size and shape, which allowed individual identification by phase contrast microscopy. Ultrastructurally, the cell lines exhibited varying amounts of cytoplasmatic glycogen and lipid. Immunohistochemistry revealed co-expression of vimentin and cytokeratin in all cell lines. The mean population doubling time ranged from 27 h (RCC-A) to 104 h (RCC-D). RCC-B and -C cells produced slowly growing tumours after heterotransplantation into nude mice, whereas RCC-A and RCC-D cells were non-tumorigenic. The modal chromosome number was either near-diploid (RCC-A, -B, and -C) or near triploid (RCC-D). Clonal abnormalities affecting the short arm of chromosome 3 were seen in all cell lines. Northern blot analysis revealed no expression of the proto-oncogenes c-fos, c-ros, and c-mos, whereas c-Ki-ras expression was observed in all cell lines. Expression of c-myc was observed in RCC-A, RCC-B, and RCC-D cells, whereas c-raf expression could be detected in RCC-B and RCC-D. Tumour suppressor gene p53 mRNA was observed in the cell line RCC-D.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Animals; Cell Line; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3; Genes, myc; Genes, p53; Genes, ras; Glycogen; Humans; Keratins; Kidney Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Nude; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; Neoplasm Transplantation; Ploidies; Vimentin

Clear cell carcinoma of salivary gland is a rare neoplasm. We report a third case of clear cell carcinoma arising in a pleomorphic adenoma and also in an extraparotid location. We document the immunohistochemical profile of the tumour including reactivity with a marker for the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein and suggest a myoepithelial origin for these lesions. The presence of a tetraploid stemline may account for the rapid tumour progression in this case.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Biomarkers, Tumor; DNA, Neoplasm; ErbB Receptors; Female; Humans; Keratins; Middle Aged; Proto-Oncogene Proteins; Receptor, ErbB-2; S100 Proteins; Submandibular Gland Neoplasms; Vimentin

The association of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina and vaginal adenosis with prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) is well-documented in the United States. In Europe, however, DES was never used in the therapy of threatened abortion and, therefore, clear cell adenocarcinoma and vaginal adenosis remained rare diseases. We report on the clinical and pathological features of a case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the upper vagina in a 17-year-old German girl, who had a history of hypoplasia of the left kidney with an ectopic termination of the ureter in the upper vagina, removed surgically 2 years before. No previous report of a similar coincidence of vaginal clear cell carcinoma and a congenital disorder of the genitourinary tract exists. Congenital anomaly of the ureter interfering with the development and the differentiation of the distal Müllerian tract and its epithelium might have provided a similar histological basis for carcinogenesis in our patient to that in those provided exposed to DES.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adolescent; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Choristoma; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Ki-67 Antigen; Neoplasm Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Receptors, Estrogen; Receptors, Progesterone; Ureter; Vaginal Diseases; Vaginal Neoplasms