bisabolol and Stomach-Ulcer

This work examined the gastroprotection of (-)-α-bisabolol, an unsaturated optically active sesquiterpene alcohol obtained by the direct distillation essential oil from plants. (-)-α-Bisabolol has been described as a compound capable of reducing the gastric ulcer area in response to absolute ethanol. We evaluated the gastroprotection of (-)-α-bisabolol in ethanol-induced gastric lesions model through histopathological assessment, measurement of the membrane lipids peroxidation (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and the nitrite amount. Our results showed that (-)-α-bisabolol was able to reduce injuries associated with the administration of ethanol and the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (MDA) was also able to increase SOD activity and reduce the influx of cells inflammatory (neutrophils) in the gastric mucosa. The effect of (-)-α-bisabolol seems to be unrelated to the nitric oxide. (-)-α-Bisabolol caused a reduction of catalase activity. These findings show that (-)-α-bisabolol is able to decrease oxidative stress and inflammatory event associated with the lesions induced by ethanol.

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Catalase; Cell Movement; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Neutrophils; Nitrites; Peroxidase; Protective Agents; Sesquiterpenes; Stomach Ulcer; Superoxide Dismutase

This study was aimed to clarify the mechanism of gastroprotection by Vanillosmopsis arborea Baker essential oil (EOVA) using ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in mice. Gastric lesions were significantly reduced by EOVA (200 and 400 mg/kg). Chemical analysis showed that the major compound of EOVA was alpha-bisabolol. Pretreatment of mice with yohimbine, the alpha2-antagonist, greatly suppressed the gastroprotective effect of OEVA. Furthermore, OEVA gastroprotection was not attenuated in mice pretreated with indomethacin, L-NAME or glibenclamide, the respective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, nitric oxide synthase and K(+)(ATP) channel activation. These data suggest that OEVA affords gastroprotection most possibly by alpha2-receptor activation.

Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Asteraceae; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Glyburide; Indomethacin; Male; Mice; Models, Animal; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Oils, Volatile; Phytotherapy; Plant Bark; Plant Extracts; Sesquiterpenes; Stomach Ulcer; Yohimbine

The effect of particle size and (-)-alpha-bisabolol on the gastric toxicity produced by acetylsalicylic acid (AAS) was studied in rats. AAS crystals of size 0.5-0.4, 0.2-0.05 mm and AAS pellets were administered orally (dose 200 mg/kg) to rats. The effect of particle size on gastric toxicity was not significant (P < 0.05). Small AAS crystals (0.2-0.05 mm) were granulated with ethanol to produce pellets (0.5-0.4 mm). The resultant pellets were less ulcerogenic than AAS crystals (P < 0.05). The pelletization process improves the wetting process of AAS crystals and for this reason produces a faster dissolution profile of AAS. When (-)-alpha-bisabolol, a natural essential oil obtained from camomile oil, was administered orally (dose 0.8-80 mg/kg) with AAS (dose 200 mg/kg), a significant (P < 0.05) protective effect was found. Some possible mechanisms of protection are suggested for (-)-alpha-bisabolol.

Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Gastric Mucosa; Male; Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; Necrosis; Particle Size; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sesquiterpenes; Solubility; Stomach Ulcer