bimatoprost and Iris-Diseases

Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Amides; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Cysts; Dinoprost; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Iris Diseases; Latanoprost; Pigment Epithelium of Eye; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; Recurrence; Retreatment

The new glaucoma drugs latanoprost, isopropyl unoprostone, travoprost, and bimatoprost cause increased pigmentation of the iris in some patients. The purpose of the present article is to survey the available preclinical and clinical data on prostaglandin-induced iris pigmentation and to assess the phenomenon from a clinical perspective. Most of the data have been obtained with latanoprost, and it appears that there is a predisposition to latanoprost-induced iris pigmentation in individuals with hazel or heterochromic eye color. As latanoprost and travoprost are selective agonists for the prostaglandin F(2alpha) receptor, it is likely that the phenomenon is mediated by this receptor. Several studies indicate that latanoprost stimulates melanogenesis in iridial melanocytes, and transcription of the tyrosinase gene is upregulated. The safety aspects of latanoprost-induced iris pigmentation have been addressed in histopathologic studies, and no evidence of harmful consequences of the side effect has been found. Although a final assessment of the clinical significance of prostaglandin-induced iris pigmentation currently is impossible to make, it appears that the only clear-cut disadvantage is a potential heterochromia between the eyes in unilaterally treated patients because the heterochromia is likely to be permanent, or very slowly reversible.

Topics: Amides; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Dinoprost; Eye Color; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Iris; Iris Diseases; Latanoprost; Lipids; Melanocytes; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Pigmentation Disorders; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; Receptors, Prostaglandin; Travoprost; Up-Regulation

Peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) have been reported as a complication after argon laser trabeculoplasty, but rarely reported after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT). This study aims to determine the incidence and predictors of this potential complication in phakic eyes of Chinese patients.. A retrospective review of consecutive Chinese phakic patients who underwent SLT for primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension from 2011 to 2015 was analyzed for post-operative outcomes, including the development of PAS.. There was a total of 292 patients (509 eyes) that were of Chinese ethnicity and eligible in our analysis. The 4-year incidence of PAS was 13.57% for the 221 eyes with documented gonioscopy after SLT, and the time, since first SLT, to PAS diagnosis was 5.62 years (2052 ± 75.2 days). After accounting for the inter-eye correlation by the mixed effect Cox regression model (AUC = 0.885), the predictors of earlier PAS diagnosis were baseline intraocular pressure (≥ 18 versus < 18) (HR = 4.6, p = 0.031), baseline use of bimatoprost (HR = 14.97, p = 0.006), and pre-existing hypertension (HR = 11.78, p = 0.016). There was no significant association of earlier PAS diagnosis with age (p = 0.434), baseline number of medications used (p = 0.693), and baseline use of brinzolamide (p = 0.326).. PAS development after SLT appears to be more common in Chinese patients, with a presumed 4-year incidence of 13.6%, based on retrospective review of eyes with subsequent documented gonioscopy findings.. Hong Kong University Clinical Trials Registry (HKUCTR-2350).

Topics: Argon; Bimatoprost; China; Corneal Diseases; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Iris Diseases; Laser Therapy; Lasers; Trabeculectomy; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Amides; Bimatoprost; Cloprostenol; Eyelashes; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Hypertrichosis; Iris Diseases; Pigmentation Disorders