big-gastrin and Carcinoma--Non-Small-Cell-Lung

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer, there is a significant difference between the treatment and prognosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SCLC tumor cells usually express neuroendocrine tumor (NET) markers, among which there are many studies on chromogranin A (CgA), synaptophysin (Syn), neuronspecific enolase (NSE) and pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (Pro-GRP) with SCLC. The levels of CgA, NSE and pro-GRP were related to the stage of SCLC, which were significantly higher in patients with extensive stage than in patients with limited stage, and their expression was significantly correlated with lower survival rate. Syn as an auxiliary diagnostic index of SCLC is more sensitive than CgA, and has high practical value in the differential diagnosis of SCLC and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma; NSE is the most commonly used tumor marker in SCLC; Pro-GRP has stronger diagnostic advantages than CEA and NSE in distinguishing SCLC from NSCLC. Although these net markers are not specific markers of SCLC, their combined use with each others or combined with CT as an auxiliary diagnostic index may improve the level of differential diagnosis of SCLC, and they have a certain value in the staging of the disease, which is very important for the formulation of SCLC treatment strategy, their detection is conducive to the prevention and control of the disease.. 肺癌是常见的癌症之一，小细胞肺癌（SCLC）与非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）在治疗和预后上有显著差异。SCLC的肿瘤细胞可表达一些神经内分泌肿瘤（NET）标志物，其中关于嗜铬粒蛋白A（CgA）与突触素（Syn）和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）及胃泌素释放肽前体（Pro-GRP）与SCLC的相关研究较多。CgA、NSE及Pro-GRP水平均与SCLC的分期有关，广泛期患者其水平显著高于局限期患者，且其表达与较低的生存率显著相关。Syn作为SCLC的辅助诊断指标时敏感度高于CgA，且在SCLC与低分化鳞癌的鉴别诊断中有较高的实用价值；NSE是目前临床上SCLC中使用最多的肿瘤标志物；Pro-GRP在SCLC与NSCLC的区分上具有强于CEA和NSE的诊断优势。尽管这些NET标志物均不是SCLC的特异性标志物，但它们联合运用或作为辅助诊断指标与CT联合使用或许能提高对SCLC的鉴别诊断水平，且它们在疾病的分期上有一定的价值，而疾病分期对SCLC治疗策略的制定十分重要，它们的检测有利于疾病的预防和控制。.

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Chromogranin A; Gastrins; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Peptide Fragments; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Protein Precursors; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; Synaptophysin

Progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) is a specific tumor marker in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). It has been reported that serum proGRP levels rarely are elevated in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); the reported frequency is <3%. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinicopathologic features of NSCLC patients with high serum proGRP levels.. The authors measured serum proGRP levels with a TND-4 kit, a newly developed enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay, in 544 NSCLC and 206 SCLC patients. Pathologic features were examined using conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining and histochemical and immunohistochemical staining using polyclonal antibodies to proGRP, chromogranin A, calcitonin, and monoclonal antibody to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCC-Lu-243).. The serum proGRP levels were elevated in 140 SCLC patients (68.0%) and in 23 NSCLC patients (4.2%). Seven of these 23 NSCLC patients had serum proGRP levels > or = 100 pg/mL. They included two patients with renal dysfunction, one patient diagnosed cytologically with adenocarcinoma without undergoing precise pathologic examination, two patients diagnosed histologically with squamous cell carcinoma with foci of small cell elements, and two patients diagnosed with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, respectively, which showed neuroendocrine differentiation on immunohistologic analysis. The remaining 16 NSCLC patients had serum proGRP levels < 70 pg/mL.. Nearly all NSCLC patients had serum proGRP levels < 100 pg/mL. However, if an NSCLC patient presents with a proGRP level > or = 100 pg/mL, the clinicopathologic features must be examined with regard to the small cell component, neuroendocrine differentiation, and renal dysfunction.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Large Cell; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Gastrins; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Protein Precursors; Renal Insufficiency