betaxolol and Intraocular Pressure studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To assess the comparative efficacy of latanoprostene bunod (LBN), a novel prostaglandin analogue (PGA), to other medications for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP)."	9.22	Short-term efficacy of latanoprostene bunod for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a systematic literature review and a network meta-analysis. ( Barbeau, M; Beauchemin, C; Cui, AX; Harasymowycz, P; Jobin-Gervais, K; Lachaine, J; Mathurin, K; Royer, C, 2022)
"To observe the efficacy of combined use of brimonidine and betaxolol in treatment of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension."	9.17	Efficacy of combined administration of 0.2% brimonidine and 0.5% betaxolol in treatment of primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. ( Chi, W; Li, A; Wang, S; Zhu, X, 2013)
"To describe the safety profile and clinical response on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of betaxolol hydrochloride ophthalmic suspension 0."	9.14	Betaxolol hydrochloride ophthalmic suspension 0.25% and timolol gel-forming solution 0.25% and 0.5% in pediatric glaucoma: a randomized clinical trial. ( Dickerson, JE; Gross, RD; Krishnadas, SR; Netland, PA; Plager, DA; Robin, AL; Sathyan, P; Scheib, SA; Scott, H; Sood, D; Vijaya, L; Whitson, JT, 2009)
"To describe the safety and clinical response on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of brinzolamide and levobetaxolol in pediatric patients under 6 years of age."	9.13	Efficacy of brinzolamide and levobetaxolol in pediatric glaucomas: a randomized clinical trial. ( Bergamini, MV; Dickerson, JE; Gross, RD; Hua, SY; Landry, TA; Roarty, JD; Robin, AL; Scheib, SA; Scott, H; Vijaya, L; Whitson, JT; Woodside, AM, 2008)
"The effects of switching from topical beta-blockers (beta) to latanoprost (LA) on intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-reduction rate (IOP-RR) in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) were investigated."	9.13	Effects of switching from topical beta-blockers to latanoprost on intraocular pressure in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. ( Ikeda, Y; Ishibashi, T; Kinoshita, S; Mori, K; Nakajima, N; Naruse, S, 2008)
"To determine whether treatment with betaxolol can delay or prevent the conversion from ocular hypertension to early glaucoma on the basis of visual field criteria, by means of a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled trial."	9.10	Results of the betaxolol versus placebo treatment trial in ocular hypertension. ( Bunce, C; Franks, W; Garway-Heath, D; Hitchings, R; Kamal, D; O'Sullivan, F; Ruben, S; Viswanathan, A, 2003)
" In the retina and possibly in the optic nerve head, carbogen increases blood flow, whereas pure oxygen or high intraocular pressure (IOP) decrease it."	9.09	Modulation of Heidelberg Retinal Flowmeter parameter flow at the papilla of healthy subjects: effect of carbogen, oxygen, high intraocular pressure, and beta-blockers. ( Flammer, J; Griesser, SM; Haefliger, IO; Hendrickson, P; Lietz, A; Schötzau, A; Ulrich, A, 1999)
" a significant increase in ophthalmic artery blood flow velocity or a significant decrease in ophthalmic artery resistance index during hypercapnia) underwent medication washout for 4 weeks and were enrolled in a double-masked cross-over study (betaxolol versus timolol)."	9.09	Primary open-angle glaucoma patients characterized by ocular vasospasm demonstrate a different ocular vascular response to timolol versus betaxolol. ( Cantor, LB; Evans, DW; Harris, A, 1999)
"We compared the effect of selective (betaxolol) and nonselective (timolol) beta-adrenergic blocking drugs on flow velocities (as determined by color Doppler imaging) in orbital vessels in 13 patients with normal-tension glaucoma (mean age, 62 +/- 3 years; mean intraocular pressure, 15 +/- 2 mm Hg)."	9.08	Retrobulbar arterial hemodynamic effects of betaxolol and timolol in normal-tension glaucoma. ( Cantor, LB; Harris, A; Katz, LJ; Martin, BJ; Sergott, RC; Spaeth, GL, 1995)
"In this double-blind, randomized study, we administered betaxolol (a) or placebo (b) ocularly to 131 patients scheduled for cataract surgery."	9.08	Aqueous humour concentration and the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of topical betaxolol before cataract surgery. ( Huupponen, R; Kaila, T; Vainio-Jylhä, E; Vuori, ML, 1998)
"In a double-masked study, 40 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were randomly assigned to treatment with betaxolol 0."	9.07	Influence of betaxolol and timolol on the visual fields of patients with glaucoma. ( Flammer, J; Messmer, C; Stümpfig, D, 1991)
"This study investigated the effect of betaxolol, a beta 1 selective blocker, on the retinal circulation in 10 patients with ocular hypertension."	9.07	Effect of betaxolol on the retinal circulation in eyes with ocular hypertension: a pilot study. ( Chen, HC; Gupta, A; Kohner, EM; Rassam, SM, 1994)
"Betaxolol is a new antiglaucomatous drug which is blocking solely the beta 1 receptors and in contrast to Timolol may be applied in persons with spastic conditions of the bronchi."	9.06	[Use of Betaxolol in patients with glaucoma and chronic nonspecific diseases of the respiratory system]. ( Rojek, A; Sempińska-Szewczyk, J; Swietliczko, I; Toczyska-Rozentryt, E, 1989)
"Betaxolol, a cardioselective beta 1-adrenergic antagonist, was used in a clinical trial in nine patients with glaucoma and chronic obstructive airways disease to assess its patient acceptance, and its effect on intraocular pressure, respiratory function, corneal and tear function."	9.06	Betaxolol eye drops as a safe medication to lower intraocular pressure. ( Brooks, AM; Gillies, WE; West, RH, 1987)
"Three hundred fifty-three patients whose intraocular pressure was controlled with a timolol maleate ophthalmic solution were studied."	9.06	Changing therapy from timolol to betaxolol. Effect on intraocular pressure in selected patients with glaucoma. Timolol-Betaxolol Study Group. ( Clineschmidt, CM; Kulaga, SF; Tipping, R; Vogel, R, 1989)
"5% betaxolol HCl on Schirmer tear test (STT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and pupil diameter (PD) in clinically normal dogs."	7.96	Effects of topical administration of tafluprost and combination of tafluprost and timolol or tafluprost and betaxolol on Schirmer tear test, intraocular pressure, and pupil size in clinically healthy dogs. ( Arfaee, F; Asghari, A; Khaksar, E; Shokoohimand, A, 2020)
"The purpose of the study was to evaluate influence of betaxolol, brimonidine and carteolol in the progression of the visual field defects during time at patients with normotensive glaucoma (NTG)."	7.96	Betaxolol, Brimonidin and Carteolol in the Therapy of Normal-Tension Glaucoma. ( Fůs, M; Lešták, J; Marešová, K; Weissová, I, 2020)
"Inspired by these advance of montmorillonite/chitosan nanoparticles, we envision that the BH-Mt/CS NPs will be a potential carrier for BH, opening up the possible applications in glaucoma therapy."	7.88	Montmorillonite/chitosan nanoparticles as a novel controlled-release topical ophthalmic delivery system for the treatment of glaucoma. ( Chen, Y; Gui, R; Hou, D; Li, J; Ping, Q; Tao, Q; Tian, S; Yang, F; Zang, L; Zhao, Y, 2018)
"To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering efficacy and safety of Brinzolamide combined with Betaxolol for the Chinese glaucomatous patients."	7.73	[Clinical investigation: the intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy and safety of brinzolamide combined with betaxolol]. ( Fang, M; Ge, J; Huang, S; Minbin, Y, 2005)
"Fifty-one patients with migraine were divided into four groups to investigate the effects of topical betaxolol and systemic calcium channel blocker flunarizine on visual fields (VF) and intraocular pressure (IOP)."	7.72	Effects of betaxolol and flunarizine on visual fields and intraocular pressure in patients with migraine. ( Comoglu, S; Elhan, AH; Köz, OG; Kural, G; Yarangümeli, A, 2003)
"To report a case of herpes simplex virus reactivation after starting bimatoprost treatment for glaucoma."	7.71	Reactivation of herpes simplex virus keratitis after initiating bimatoprost treatment for glaucoma. ( Kroll, DM; Schuman, JS, 2002)
"Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) were dosed twice-daily with 0."	6.71	The effects on the intraocular pressure and visual field resulting from a switch in the treatment from timolol to betaxolol. ( Miki, H; Miki, K, 2004)
" The side effect profile of unoprostone appears to be comparable to other established IOP-lowering agents."	6.70	A double-masked randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of unoprostone with timolol and betaxolol in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma including pseudoexfoliation glaucoma or ocular hypertension. 6 month data. ( Kapik, B; Mertz, B; Nordmann, JP; Schwenninger, C; Shams, N; Yannoulis, NC, 2002)
" The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in both treatment groups, with the only significant (p = 0."	6.68	A comparison of the safety and efficacy of twice daily brimonidine 0.2% versus betaxolol 0.25% in subjects with elevated intraocular pressure. The Brimonidine Study Group III. ( Serle, JB, 1996)
"Betaxolol is a lipophilic beta-adrenoceptor antagonist relatively selective for beta 1-adrenoceptors with only weak beta 2-blocking activity."	6.38	Ocular betaxolol. A review of its pharmacological properties, and therapeutic efficacy in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. ( Buckley, MM; Clissold, SP; Goa, KL, 1990)
"Glaucoma is described, and the chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, adverse effects, and dosage and administration of betaxolol and levobunolol in comparison with timolol are reviewed."	6.16	Comparison of ophthalmic beta-blocking agents. ( Lesar, TS, 1987)
" Topical application of conventional eye drops results in substantial drug loss due to rapid tear turnover, with poor drug bioavailability being a major challenge for efficient glaucoma treatment."	5.72	Critical Evaluation of Multifunctional Betaxolol Hydrochloride Nanoformulations for Effective Sustained Intraocular Pressure Reduction. ( Han, X; Hou, D; Hu, J; Ke, Y; Li, H; Li, W; Lin, H; Liu, H; Rupenthal, ID; Yang, F; Ye, J; Zhao, Y, 2022)
"In a double masked randomised clinical trial, 38 eyes from 38 pseudophakic patients over 21 years of age who had significant posterior capsule opacification after phacoemulsification were randomly assigned to receive either betaxolol 0."	5.51	The prophylactic effect of betaxolol 0.5% versus brimonidine 0.2% on IOP elevation after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. ( Elmi Sadr, N; Paknazar, F; Saber, E, 2022)
" Very mild eye irritation, which was less than that of betaxolol hydrochloride, was observed particularly with BMO maleate, which is an excellent candidate for safe treatment of glaucoma."	5.30	Ocular-specific chemical delivery systems of betaxolol for safe local treatment of glaucoma. ( Barros, MD; Bodor, N; Farag, HH; Prokai, L; Somogyi, G; Wu, WM, 1997)
"Betaxolol 0."	5.27	Long-term betaxolol therapy in glaucoma patients with pulmonary disease. ( Cherniack, R; Drake, MM; van Buskirk, EM; Weinreb, RN, 1988)
"To assess the comparative efficacy of latanoprostene bunod (LBN), a novel prostaglandin analogue (PGA), to other medications for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP)."	5.22	Short-term efficacy of latanoprostene bunod for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a systematic literature review and a network meta-analysis. ( Barbeau, M; Beauchemin, C; Cui, AX; Harasymowycz, P; Jobin-Gervais, K; Lachaine, J; Mathurin, K; Royer, C, 2022)
"To observe the efficacy of combined use of brimonidine and betaxolol in treatment of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension."	5.17	Efficacy of combined administration of 0.2% brimonidine and 0.5% betaxolol in treatment of primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. ( Chi, W; Li, A; Wang, S; Zhu, X, 2013)
"To describe the safety profile and clinical response on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of betaxolol hydrochloride ophthalmic suspension 0."	5.14	Betaxolol hydrochloride ophthalmic suspension 0.25% and timolol gel-forming solution 0.25% and 0.5% in pediatric glaucoma: a randomized clinical trial. ( Dickerson, JE; Gross, RD; Krishnadas, SR; Netland, PA; Plager, DA; Robin, AL; Sathyan, P; Scheib, SA; Scott, H; Sood, D; Vijaya, L; Whitson, JT, 2009)
"The effects of switching from topical beta-blockers (beta) to latanoprost (LA) on intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-reduction rate (IOP-RR) in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) were investigated."	5.13	Effects of switching from topical beta-blockers to latanoprost on intraocular pressure in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. ( Ikeda, Y; Ishibashi, T; Kinoshita, S; Mori, K; Nakajima, N; Naruse, S, 2008)
"To describe the safety and clinical response on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of brinzolamide and levobetaxolol in pediatric patients under 6 years of age."	5.13	Efficacy of brinzolamide and levobetaxolol in pediatric glaucomas: a randomized clinical trial. ( Bergamini, MV; Dickerson, JE; Gross, RD; Hua, SY; Landry, TA; Roarty, JD; Robin, AL; Scheib, SA; Scott, H; Vijaya, L; Whitson, JT; Woodside, AM, 2008)
"This study evaluated systemic and ocular acute safety and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy of travoprost 0."	5.11	The comparative cardiovascular, pulmonary, ocular blood flow, and ocular hypotensive effects of topical travoprost, bimatoprost, brimonidine, and betaxolol. ( Asagidag, A; Celik, A; Ermis, SS; Inan, UU; Onrat, E; Orman, A; Ozturk, F; Yucel, A, 2004)
"In this prospective randomized double-masked comparative case series, 34 patients having LASIK for myopia were randomly assigned to receive topical betaxolol 0."	5.10	Effect of laser in situ keratomileusis on optic nerve head topography and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. ( Bowman, RW; Cavanagh, HD; Hertzog, L; McCulley, JP; Song, J; Whitson, JT, 2003)
"To determine whether treatment with betaxolol can delay or prevent the conversion from ocular hypertension to early glaucoma on the basis of visual field criteria, by means of a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled trial."	5.10	Results of the betaxolol versus placebo treatment trial in ocular hypertension. ( Bunce, C; Franks, W; Garway-Heath, D; Hitchings, R; Kamal, D; O'Sullivan, F; Ruben, S; Viswanathan, A, 2003)
"To determine whether dosages of a selective beta-blocking agent (betaxolol) and a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (dorzolamide), sufficient to significantly lower intraocular pressure (IOP), have similar or disparate impact on the retinal and retrobulbar circulation."	5.09	A comparative study of betaxolol and dorzolamide effect on ocular circulation in normal-tension glaucoma patients. ( Arend, O; Cantor, L; Chung, HS; Harris, A; Kagemann, L; Martin, B, 2000)
" In the retina and possibly in the optic nerve head, carbogen increases blood flow, whereas pure oxygen or high intraocular pressure (IOP) decrease it."	5.09	Modulation of Heidelberg Retinal Flowmeter parameter flow at the papilla of healthy subjects: effect of carbogen, oxygen, high intraocular pressure, and beta-blockers. ( Flammer, J; Griesser, SM; Haefliger, IO; Hendrickson, P; Lietz, A; Schötzau, A; Ulrich, A, 1999)
" a significant increase in ophthalmic artery blood flow velocity or a significant decrease in ophthalmic artery resistance index during hypercapnia) underwent medication washout for 4 weeks and were enrolled in a double-masked cross-over study (betaxolol versus timolol)."	5.09	Primary open-angle glaucoma patients characterized by ocular vasospasm demonstrate a different ocular vascular response to timolol versus betaxolol. ( Cantor, LB; Evans, DW; Harris, A, 1999)
" In studies 1 and 2, there was a mean reduction in intraocular pressure from a betaxolol baseline of approximately 3 to 4 mmHg."	5.08	Ocular hypotensive efficacy and safety of a combined formulation of betaxolol and pilocarpine. ( Robin, AL, 1996)
"In both betaxolol- and timolol-treated eyes, intraocular pressure decreased significantly compared with baseline values after both 90 min and 2 weeks."	5.08	Comparison of short- and long-term effects of betaxolol and timolol on human retinal circulation. ( Fujio, N; Hirokawa, H; Ishiko, S; Kagokawa, H; Kitaya, N; Konno, S; Nagaoka, T; Ogasawara, H; Yoshida, A, 1998)
"We compared the effect of selective (betaxolol) and nonselective (timolol) beta-adrenergic blocking drugs on flow velocities (as determined by color Doppler imaging) in orbital vessels in 13 patients with normal-tension glaucoma (mean age, 62 +/- 3 years; mean intraocular pressure, 15 +/- 2 mm Hg)."	5.08	Retrobulbar arterial hemodynamic effects of betaxolol and timolol in normal-tension glaucoma. ( Cantor, LB; Harris, A; Katz, LJ; Martin, BJ; Sergott, RC; Spaeth, GL, 1995)
"To assess the safety and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering activity of 2% dorzolamide (topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor), compared to 0."	5.08	A controlled clinical trial of dorzolamide: a single-centre subset of a multicentre study. ( Ballantyne, C; Gray, TB; Simpson, AJ, 1996)
"At 1 year, the mean percent reduction in intraocular pressure at peak of 2% dorzolamide, 0."	5.08	A double-masked, randomized 1-year study comparing dorzolamide (Trusopt), timolol, and betaxolol. International Dorzolamide Study Group. ( Strahlman, E; Tipping, R; Vogel, R, 1995)
"This study is aimed at establishing the efficacy of the therapeutic agent, betaxolol, in diurnal control of IOP (intraocular pressure)."	5.08	Effect of betaxolol on primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma patients. ( Ciurlo, G; Macrì, A; Rolando, M; Saccà, SC, 1998)
"In this double-blind, randomized study, we administered betaxolol (a) or placebo (b) ocularly to 131 patients scheduled for cataract surgery."	5.08	Aqueous humour concentration and the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of topical betaxolol before cataract surgery. ( Huupponen, R; Kaila, T; Vainio-Jylhä, E; Vuori, ML, 1998)
"In a double-masked study, 40 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were randomly assigned to treatment with betaxolol 0."	5.07	Influence of betaxolol and timolol on the visual fields of patients with glaucoma. ( Flammer, J; Messmer, C; Stümpfig, D, 1991)
"In a prospective, randomized study, nineteen patients with ocular hypertension (n = 14) or chronic open-angle glaucoma (n = 5) were treated with either betaxolol 0."	5.07	Longterm effect of topical beta-blockers on intraocular pressure and visual field sensitivity in ocular hypertension and chronic open-angle glaucoma. ( Collignon-Brach, J, 1994)
"Timolol (TIM) and betaxolol (BET) were evaluated for their effects on both intraocular pressure and retinal sensitivity as determined from visual fields in a randomized two-year parallel study in 20 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma."	5.07	Long-term effect of ophthalmic beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on intraocular pressure and retinal sensitivity in primary open-angle glaucoma. ( Collignon-Brach, J, 1992)
"This study investigated the effect of betaxolol, a beta 1 selective blocker, on the retinal circulation in 10 patients with ocular hypertension."	5.07	Effect of betaxolol on the retinal circulation in eyes with ocular hypertension: a pilot study. ( Chen, HC; Gupta, A; Kohner, EM; Rassam, SM, 1994)
"We conducted a randomized, double-masked study of intraocular pressure in 80 patients treated with betaxolol, levobunolol, timolol, or placebo after extracapsular cataract extraction."	5.06	Comparative efficacy of the beta-blockers for the prevention of increased intraocular pressure after cataract extraction. ( Ide, CH; Lischwe, TD; Thompson, VM; West, DR, 1988)
"Betaxolol, a cardioselective beta 1-adrenergic antagonist, was used in a clinical trial in nine patients with glaucoma and chronic obstructive airways disease to assess its patient acceptance, and its effect on intraocular pressure, respiratory function, corneal and tear function."	5.06	Betaxolol eye drops as a safe medication to lower intraocular pressure. ( Brooks, AM; Gillies, WE; West, RH, 1987)
"Betaxolol hydrochloride is a topical beta 1-blocking agent that has been found to be safe and effective in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma."	5.06	Additive effect of betaxolol and epinephrine in primary open angle glaucoma. ( Allen, RC; Epstein, DL, 1986)
"Betaxolol is a new antiglaucomatous drug which is blocking solely the beta 1 receptors and in contrast to Timolol may be applied in persons with spastic conditions of the bronchi."	5.06	[Use of Betaxolol in patients with glaucoma and chronic nonspecific diseases of the respiratory system]. ( Rojek, A; Sempińska-Szewczyk, J; Swietliczko, I; Toczyska-Rozentryt, E, 1989)
" Betaxolol is a relatively selective beta-1 blocker which in most patients is almost as effective as timolol in lowering intraocular pressure, and may be partly additive with dipivefrin."	4.77	Betaxolol. ( Goldberg, I, 1989)
"The purpose of the study was to evaluate influence of betaxolol, brimonidine and carteolol in the progression of the visual field defects during time at patients with normotensive glaucoma (NTG)."	3.96	Betaxolol, Brimonidin and Carteolol in the Therapy of Normal-Tension Glaucoma. ( Fůs, M; Lešták, J; Marešová, K; Weissová, I, 2020)
"Inspired by these advance of montmorillonite/chitosan nanoparticles, we envision that the BH-Mt/CS NPs will be a potential carrier for BH, opening up the possible applications in glaucoma therapy."	3.88	Montmorillonite/chitosan nanoparticles as a novel controlled-release topical ophthalmic delivery system for the treatment of glaucoma. ( Chen, Y; Gui, R; Hou, D; Li, J; Ping, Q; Tao, Q; Tian, S; Yang, F; Zang, L; Zhao, Y, 2018)
"To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering efficacy and safety of Brinzolamide combined with Betaxolol for the Chinese glaucomatous patients."	3.73	[Clinical investigation: the intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy and safety of brinzolamide combined with betaxolol]. ( Fang, M; Ge, J; Huang, S; Minbin, Y, 2005)
"Fifty-one patients with migraine were divided into four groups to investigate the effects of topical betaxolol and systemic calcium channel blocker flunarizine on visual fields (VF) and intraocular pressure (IOP)."	3.72	Effects of betaxolol and flunarizine on visual fields and intraocular pressure in patients with migraine. ( Comoglu, S; Elhan, AH; Köz, OG; Kural, G; Yarangümeli, A, 2003)
"In this study the acute effect of the topically-delivered non-selective beta-blockers timolol and carteolol, and the selective beta-blocker betaxolol, were evaluated with respect to ocular blood flow, intraocular pressure (IOP) and vessel resistance in rabbits' eyes."	3.71	Short-term effect of beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents on ocular blood flow. ( Ishibashi, Y; Muto, T; Roy, S; Sato, T, 2001)
"To report a case of herpes simplex virus reactivation after starting bimatoprost treatment for glaucoma."	3.71	Reactivation of herpes simplex virus keratitis after initiating bimatoprost treatment for glaucoma. ( Kroll, DM; Schuman, JS, 2002)
"To determine whether topical application of flunarizine reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) and acts as a retinal neuroprotectant and to compare the effectiveness of flunarizine with betaxolol and nifedipine at reducing the influx of calcium and sodium."	3.71	Topical flunarizine reduces IOP and protects the retina against ischemia-excitotoxicity. ( Chidlow, G; Cupido, A; Melena, J; Osborne, NN; Wood, JP, 2002)
"25% betaxolol) in the rat retina following the ischemic injury induced by a transient increase of intraocular pressure (IOP)."	3.71	Betaxolol, a beta1-adrenoceptor antagonist, protects a transient ischemic injury of the retina. ( Hee Kim, Y; Jae Cho, G; Joon Kim, H; Kyung Song, J; Myong Yoo, J; Soo Kang, S; Sung Choi, W; Woo Cheon, E; Yun Cho, Y, 2002)
"To study the effect of trabeculectomy and monotherapy with topical betaxolol, brimonidine and latanoprost on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF) in patients with normal-pressure glaucoma (NPG)."	3.71	Effect of treatment by medicine or surgery on intraocular pressure and pulsatile ocular blood flow in normal-pressure glaucoma. ( Bunce, C; Garway-Heath, DF; Hitchings, RA; Indar, A; Poinoosawmy, D, 2002)
"We evaluated the effect of betaxolol on the pulmonary function tests of nine patients with glaucoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requiring beta-blocker therapy."	3.67	Betaxolol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ( Ofner, S; Smith, TJ, 1987)
"Four hundred sixteen subjects with ocular hypertension (intraocular pressure >/=22 and	2.75	The ability of short-wavelength automated perimetry to predict conversion to glaucoma. ( Colen, TP; Lemij, HG; Reus, NJ; van der Schoot, J, 2010)
"Betaxolol is a relatively cardioselective β-adrenoceptor blocking drug, with no partial agonist (intrinsic sympathomimetic) activity and weak membrane-stabilizing (local anesthetic) activity."	2.72	Betaxolol: A comprehensive profile. ( Abdel-Aziz, AA; Al-Wadei, MJ; Bakheit, AH; Wani, TA, 2021)
"Betaxolol may cause small changes in the cardiovascular system, suggesting that blood pressure and pulse rates should be checked before and in regular intervals after prescribing it for the elderly."	2.72	Effects of latanoprost and betaxolol on cardiovascular and respiratory status of newly diagnosed glaucoma patients. ( Celik, P; Deveci, HM; Erkin, EF; Kayikçioğlu, O; Sakar, A, 2006)
"Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) were dosed twice-daily with 0."	2.71	The effects on the intraocular pressure and visual field resulting from a switch in the treatment from timolol to betaxolol. ( Miki, H; Miki, K, 2004)
" The side effect profile of unoprostone appears to be comparable to other established IOP-lowering agents."	2.70	A double-masked randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of unoprostone with timolol and betaxolol in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma including pseudoexfoliation glaucoma or ocular hypertension. 6 month data. ( Kapik, B; Mertz, B; Nordmann, JP; Schwenninger, C; Shams, N; Yannoulis, NC, 2002)
" The overall incidence of adverse events was similar in both treatment groups, with the only significant (p = 0."	2.68	A comparison of the safety and efficacy of twice daily brimonidine 0.2% versus betaxolol 0.25% in subjects with elevated intraocular pressure. The Brimonidine Study Group III. ( Serle, JB, 1996)
"Betaxolol appears to be an effective and well tolerated ocular hypotensive agent in a typical glaucoma population, which includes many patients with cardiopulmonary disease."	2.68	Betaxolol eye drops. A clinical trial of safety and efficacy. ( Goldberg, H; Goldberg, I, 1995)
"Intraocular pressure was measured using applanation tonometry."	2.67	Correlates of acute exercise-induced ocular hypotension. ( Harris, A; Malinovsky, V; Martin, B, 1994)
"Intraocular pressure was determined before and after treatment by applanation tonometry."	2.66	Comparison of topical timolol vs betaxolol on cardiopulmonary exercise performance in healthy volunteers. ( Aarsland, T; Dickstein, K; Hapnes, R; Kristianson, K; Viksmoen, L, 1988)
"Betaxolol is a lipophilic beta-adrenoceptor antagonist relatively selective for beta 1-adrenoceptors with only weak beta 2-blocking activity."	2.38	Ocular betaxolol. A review of its pharmacological properties, and therapeutic efficacy in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. ( Buckley, MM; Clissold, SP; Goa, KL, 1990)
" Topical application of conventional eye drops results in substantial drug loss due to rapid tear turnover, with poor drug bioavailability being a major challenge for efficient glaucoma treatment."	1.72	Critical Evaluation of Multifunctional Betaxolol Hydrochloride Nanoformulations for Effective Sustained Intraocular Pressure Reduction. ( Han, X; Hou, D; Hu, J; Ke, Y; Li, H; Li, W; Lin, H; Liu, H; Rupenthal, ID; Yang, F; Ye, J; Zhao, Y, 2022)
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained using a compartmental fitting approach, and the estimated clearance, volume of distribution, and half-life values were the following: atenolol (6."	1.56	Ocular Intracameral Pharmacokinetics for a Cocktail of Timolol, Betaxolol, and Atenolol in Rabbits. ( Del Amo, EM; Fayyaz, A; Gardner, I; Heikkinen, EM; Jamei, M; Ranta, VP; Reinisalo, M; Ricci, GD; Toropainen, E; Urtti, A; Vellonen, KS, 2020)
" Unfortunately, effective treatments are limited by poor bioavailability of antiglaucoma medicine due to short residence time on the preocular surface."	1.48	Controlled drug delivery for glaucoma therapy using montmorillonite/Eudragit microspheres as an ion-exchange carrier. ( Chen, Y; Duan, H; Hou, D; Li, J; Lv, Z; Tao, Q; Tian, S; Yang, F; Zhao, Y; Zhou, Q, 2018)
" In vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics studies indicated that the BH-HG formulation resulted in an improved bioavailability and a significantly lower intraocular pressure (IOP)."	1.43	Preparation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ophthalmic thermosensitive in situ hydrogel of betaxolol hydrochloride. ( Fu, L; Hua, H; Huang, W; Liu, T; Ma, X; Tang, Y; Yang, Y; Zhang, N; Zhao, Y, 2016)
"Betaxolol was twice as effective at preventing the effect of IgG (34% to 37%) than that of zymosan (14%), regardless of the presence of BAK."	1.32	In vitro effects of preserved or preservative-free antiglaucoma medications on human complement system. ( Baudouin, C; Blondin, C; Cholley, B; Haeffner-Cavaillon, N; Hamard, P, 2003)
"Betaxolol was applied topically after the start of reperfusion and its effect was evaluated by morphometry and choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity of retinas at 7 days after reperfusion."	1.32	Betaxolol attenuates retinal ischemia/reperfusion damage in the rat. ( Cheon, EW; Cho, GJ; Choi, WS; Kang, SS; Park, CH; Song, JK; Yoo, JM, 2003)
"Betaxolol is a beta-adrenergic blocker but its neuroprotective action is generally thought to be due to its calcium channel blocking properties."	1.31	Nitric oxide synthase expression in the transient ischemic rat retina: neuroprotection of betaxolol. ( Cheon, EW; Cho, GJ; Choi, WS; Kang, SS; Park, CH; Song, JK; Yoo, JM, 2002)
"The author investigated 23 patients with primary open angle glaucoma treated with pilocarpine, timolol, betoptic and latanoprost."	1.31	[Additive effects of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors]. ( Potocký, M, 2001)
"Twenty-nine of these were treated for glaucoma and eight followed for ocular hypertension without treatment."	1.30	Five-year follow-up of treated patients with glaucoma using resolution perimetry. ( Martin, L; Wanger, P, 1998)
" Very mild eye irritation, which was less than that of betaxolol hydrochloride, was observed particularly with BMO maleate, which is an excellent candidate for safe treatment of glaucoma."	1.30	Ocular-specific chemical delivery systems of betaxolol for safe local treatment of glaucoma. ( Barros, MD; Bodor, N; Farag, HH; Prokai, L; Somogyi, G; Wu, WM, 1997)
"The intraocular pressure was also measured at 5-day intervals."	1.30	Effect of long-term topical betaxolol on tissue circulation in the iris and optic nerve head. ( Araie, M; Muta, K, 1997)
"Betaxolol 0."	1.27	Long-term betaxolol therapy in glaucoma patients with pulmonary disease. ( Cherniack, R; Drake, MM; van Buskirk, EM; Weinreb, RN, 1988)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	32 (19.28)	18.7374
1990's	57 (34.34)	18.2507
2000's	51 (30.72)	29.6817
2010's	18 (10.84)	24.3611
2020's	8 (4.82)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Sugrue, MF	2
Liu, H	5
Han, X	3
Li, H	3
Tao, Q	4
Hu, J	3
Liu, S	1
Zhou, J	1
Li, W	3
Yang, F	5
Ping, Q	2
Wei, S	1
Lin, H	3
Hou, D	6
Elmi Sadr, N	1
Saber, E	1
Paknazar, F	1
Zhao, Y	5
Ke, Y	2
Rupenthal, ID	2
Ye, J	2
Fayyaz, A	1
Ranta, VP	1
Toropainen, E	1
Vellonen, KS	1
Ricci, GD	1
Reinisalo, M	1
Heikkinen, EM	1
Gardner, I	1
Urtti, A	1
Jamei, M	1
Del Amo, EM	1
Shokoohimand, A	1
Arfaee, F	1
Asghari, A	1
Khaksar, E	1
Lešták, J	1
Fůs, M	1
Weissová, I	1
Marešová, K	1
Harasymowycz, P	1
Royer, C	1
Cui, AX	1
Barbeau, M	1
Jobin-Gervais, K	1
Mathurin, K	1
Lachaine, J	1
Beauchemin, C	1
Al-Wadei, MJ	1
Bakheit, AH	1
Abdel-Aziz, AA	1
Wani, TA	1
Tian, S	3
Li, J	2
Lv, Z	1
Duan, H	1
Chen, Y	3
Zhou, Q	1
Gui, R	2
Zang, L	1
Jain, K	1
Kumar, RS	1
Sood, S	1
Dhyanandhan, G	1
Zheng, K	1
Brock-Utne, JG	1
Örnek, N	1
Oğurel, R	1
Örnek, K	1
Messina Baas, O	1
Pacheco Cuellar, G	1
Toral-López, J	1
Lara Huerta, SF	1
Gonzalez-Huerta, LM	1
Urueta-Cuellar, H	1
Rivera-Vega, MR	1
Babayan-Mena, I	1
Cuevas-Covarrubias, SA	1
Chi, W	1
Li, A	1
Wang, S	1
Zhu, X	1
Öhnell, H	1
Heijl, A	12
Brenner, L	1
Anderson, H	1
Bengtsson, B	14
Huang, W	1
Zhang, N	1
Hua, H	1
Liu, T	1
Tang, Y	1
Fu, L	1
Yang, Y	1
Ma, X	1
Xu, K	1
Campbell, EL	1
Gill, SS	1
Nesdole, R	1
Campbell, RJ	1
Huang, Y	1
Hu, S	1
Yang, L	1
Wang, Y	1
Leske, MC	11
Yang, Z	3
Dobre, X	1
Cheng, JW	1
Cai, JP	1
Wei, RL	1
Plager, DA	1
Whitson, JT	3
Netland, PA	1
Vijaya, L	2
Sathyan, P	1
Sood, D	1
Krishnadas, SR	1
Robin, AL	5
Gross, RD	2
Scheib, SA	2
Scott, H	2
Dickerson, JE	2
Grieshaber, MC	1
Flammer, J	5
van der Schoot, J	1
Reus, NJ	1
Colen, TP	1
Lemij, HG	1
Sohn, SW	1
Song, JS	1
Kee, C	2
Hyman, L	7
Millar, JC	1
Clark, AF	2
Pang, IH	2
Peters, D	1
Cho, HK	1
Cheon, EW	2
Park, CH	2
Kang, SS	2
Cho, GJ	2
Yoo, JM	2
Song, JK	2
Choi, WS	2
Poinoosawmy, D	1
Indar, A	1
Bunce, C	2
Garway-Heath, DF	1
Hitchings, RA	1
Hussein, M	3
Vainio-Jylhä, E	3
Vuori, ML	4
Nummelin, K	1
Woo Cheon, E	1
Hee Kim, Y	1
Yun Cho, Y	1
Joon Kim, H	1
Soo Kang, S	1
Jae Cho, G	1
Myong Yoo, J	1
Kyung Song, J	1
Sung Choi, W	1
Bullimore, MA	1
Komaroff, E	3
Kamal, D	1
Garway-Heath, D	1
Ruben, S	1
O'Sullivan, F	1
Viswanathan, A	1
Franks, W	1
Hitchings, R	1
Yarangümeli, A	1
Comoglu, S	1
Köz, OG	1
Elhan, AH	1
Kural, G	1
Lin, JC	1
Samuel, F	1
Katz, LJ	3
Spaeth, GL	2
Hoop, J	2
Cantor, LB	4
Blondin, C	1
Hamard, P	1
Cholley, B	1
Haeffner-Cavaillon, N	1
Baudouin, C	1
McCulley, JP	1
Cavanagh, HD	1
Song, J	1
Bowman, RW	1
Hertzog, L	1
Ohtake, Y	1
Tanino, T	1
Kimura, I	1
Mashima, Y	1
Oguchi, Y	1
Sharif, NA	3
Xu, SX	3
McCarey, BE	1
Kapik, BM	1
Kane, FE	1
Inan, UU	1
Ermis, SS	1
Orman, A	1
Onrat, E	1
Yucel, A	1
Ozturk, F	1
Asagidag, A	1
Celik, A	1
Ignat, F	1
Turaçli, ME	1
Tekeli, O	1
Wang, WH	1
Miki, H	1
Miki, K	1
Hyman, LG	1
Schröder, H	1
Schwartz, SG	1
Puckett, BJ	1
Allen, RC	2
Castillo, IG	1
Leffler, CT	1
Erkin, EF	1
Celik, P	1
Kayikçioğlu, O	1
Deveci, HM	1
Sakar, A	1
Minbin, Y	1
Fang, M	1
Ge, J	1
Huang, S	1
Dong, L	1
Roarty, JD	1
Landry, TA	1
Hua, SY	1
Woodside, AM	1
Bergamini, MV	1
Ikeda, Y	1
Mori, K	1
Ishibashi, T	1
Naruse, S	1
Nakajima, N	1
Kinoshita, S	1
Berrospi, AR	1
Leibowitz, HM	1
Harrison, R	1
Berry, DP	1
Van Buskirk, EM	3
Shields, MB	1
Smith, JP	1
Weeks, RH	1
Newland, EF	1
Ward, RL	2
Reiss, GR	1
Brubaker, RF	2
Radius, RL	1
Morsman, CD	1
Bosem, ME	1
Lusky, M	1
Weinreb, RN	3
Orgül, S	1
Mansberger, S	1
Bacon, DR	1
Cioffi, GA	1
Goldberg, I	4
Goldberg, H	1
Harris, A	5
Sergott, RC	1
Martin, BJ	2
Strahlman, E	1
Tipping, R	2
Vogel, R	2
Nordlund, JR	1
Pasquale, LR	1
Rudikoff, MT	1
Ordman, J	1
Chen, KS	1
Walt, J	1
Gupta, A	1
Chen, HC	1
Rassam, SM	1
Kohner, EM	1
Zimmerman, TJ	1
Malinovsky, V	1
Martin, B	2
Carenini, AB	1
Sibour, G	1
Boles Carenini, B	1
Collignon-Brach, J	3
Kaiser, HJ	1
Stümpfig, D	3
Hendrickson, P	2
Strang, NC	1
Winn, B	1
Gilmartin, B	1
Brosnahan, D	1
Nyman, K	1
Ali-Melkkilä, T	1
Albracht, DC	1
LeBlanc, RP	1
Cruz, AM	1
Lamping, KA	1
Siegel, LI	1
Stern, KL	1
Kelley, EP	1
Stoecker, JF	1
Simpson, AJ	1
Gray, TB	1
Ballantyne, C	1
Serle, JB	1
Potocký, M	3
Vodrázková, E	2
Araie, M	4
Muta, K	1
Gillies, WE	3
Brooks, AM	3
Greenfield, DS	1
Liebmann, JM	1
Ritch, R	1
Farag, HH	1
Wu, WM	1
Barros, MD	1
Somogyi, G	1
Prokai, L	1
Bodor, N	1
Tomidokoro, A	2
Tamaki, Y	3
Tomita, K	3
Martin, L	1
Wanger, P	2
Morrison, JC	1
Nylander, KB	1
Lauer, AK	1
Cepurna, WO	1
Johnson, E	1
Arend, O	2
Arend, S	1
Remky, A	1
Troiano, P	1
Cavallotti, B	1
Iraci, M	1
Galli, L	1
Miglior, M	1
Lamberti, G	1
Pignalosa, B	1
Fusco, R	1
Pignalosa, G	1
Di Govanni, A	1
Sebastiani, A	1
Nagahara, M	2
Diggory, P	1
Cassels-Brown, A	1
Vail, A	1
Hillman, JS	1
Saccà, SC	1
Macrì, A	1
Rolando, M	1
Ciurlo, G	1
Lass, JH	1
Khosrof, SA	1
Laurence, JK	1
Horwitz, B	1
Ghosh, K	1
Adamsons, I	1
Kaila, T	1
Huupponen, R	1
Kiel, JW	1
Patel, P	1
Yoshida, A	1
Ogasawara, H	1
Fujio, N	1
Konno, S	1
Ishiko, S	1
Kitaya, N	1
Kagokawa, H	1
Nagaoka, T	1
Hirokawa, H	1
Haefliger, IO	1
Lietz, A	1
Griesser, SM	1
Ulrich, A	1
Schötzau, A	1
Chai, E	1
Chia, A	1
Benscher, C	1
Bauman, A	1
Chen, J	1
Pattinson, TJ	1
Gibson, CR	1
Manuel, FK	1
Bishop, SL	1
March, WF	1
Evans, DW	1
Chidlow, G	2
Nash, MS	1
De Santis, LM	1
Osborne, NN	2
Ingram, CJ	1
Schoff, EO	1
Nau, CB	1
Olateju, SO	1
Ajayi, AA	1
Chung, HS	1
Kagemann, L	1
Cantor, L	1
Waldock, A	1
Snape, J	1
Graham, CM	1
Javitt, J	1
Bojic, L	1
Bagatin, J	1
Ivanisevic, M	1
Hozo, I	1
Racic, G	1
Karelovic, D	1
Watson, PG	1
Barnett, MF	1
Parker, V	1
Haybittle, J	1
Flartey, K	1
Crider, JY	2
McLaughlin, M	2
Davis, TL	2
Nordmann, JP	1
Mertz, B	1
Yannoulis, NC	1
Schwenninger, C	1
Kapik, B	1
Shams, N	1
Sato, T	1
Muto, T	1
Ishibashi, Y	1
Roy, S	1
Kroll, DM	1
Schuman, JS	1
Wood, JP	1
Cupido, A	1
Melena, J	1
Kim, JH	1
Kim, DM	1
Park, WC	1
Messmer, C	2
Martin-Boglind, LM	1
Graves, A	1
Caldwell, DR	1
Goode, SM	1
Horwitz, BL	1
Laibovitz, R	1
Shrader, CE	1
Stewart, RH	2
Williams, AT	1
Buckley, MM	1
Goa, KL	1
Clissold, SP	1
Feicht, B	1
Hofmann, HM	1
Lippa, E	1
Brunner-Ferber, F	1
von Denffer, H	1
Merté, HJ	1
Collignon, P	1
James, IM	1
Pillunat, LE	2
Stodtmeister, R	2
Kulaga, SF	1
Clineschmidt, CM	1
Maas, S	1
Ros, FE	1
De Heer, LJ	1
De Keizer, RJ	1
Swietliczko, I	1
Rojek, A	1
Sempińska-Szewczyk, J	1
Toczyska-Rozentryt, E	1
de Vries, J	1
van de Merwe, SA	1
Jan de Heer, L	1
Feghali, JG	1
Kaufman, PL	1
Soll, DB	1
Saxon, AM	1
Epstein, DL	2
West, RH	1
Bleckmann, H	1
Dorow, P	1
Lesar, TS	1
Tierney, DW	1
Gautheron, P	1
Grove, J	1
Mallorga, P	1
Viader, MP	1
Baldwin, JJ	1
Ponticello, GS	1
Varga, SL	1
West, DR	1
Lischwe, TD	1
Thompson, VM	1
Ide, CH	1
Ofner, S	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Safety and Efficacy Study of BETOPTIC S 0.25% and Timolol Gel-forming Solution 0.25% and 0.5% in Pediatric Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension[NCT00061542]	Phase 3	105 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-01-31	Completed
[NCT00000132]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional	1992-10-31	Active, not recruiting
Effect on the Adherence to Glaucoma Eye Drops by Improving Patient Understanding and Using a Tele-reminder System: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial[NCT04317573]	Phase 2	59 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-19	Completed
Evaluation of the Water Drinking Test Response in Supine and Sitting Position Using the Continuous Intraocular Pressure Measurement Device Sensimed Triggerfish in Healthy Subjects[NCT02843971]		16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
The PAIR Study. Positive Airway Pressure and Intraocular Relationship: IOP Response to a Short-term Application of CPAP[NCT03127813]		46 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-15	Terminated (stopped due to After recruiting just over 50% of target an interim review conclude a larger sample size was highly unlikely to alter the study outcomes)
XEN45 Gel Stent Implantation in Glaucoma Surgery[NCT03138928]		15 participants (Actual)	Observational	2015-01-31	Completed
The eyeGuide: Improving Glaucoma Self-management With a Personalized Behavior Change Program[NCT03159247]		107 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-12	Completed
Impact of Home Intraocular Pressure Telemonitoring on Intraocular Pressure Control and Glaucoma Progression - A Randomized Control Trial[NCT05940623]		142 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-24	Not yet recruiting
Non-Contact Air Tonometry (Topcon CT-1®) Versus Goldmann Applanation Tonometry: a Device Comparison Study[NCT03684174]		58 participants (Actual)	Observational	2017-04-01	Completed
Prospective Study Phase: Retinal Oxygen Saturation, Blood Flow, Vascular Function and High Resolution Morphometric Imaging in the Living Human Eye[NCT01348672]		381 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2012-03-31	Recruiting
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Analysis of Macular and Papillary Perfusion After Variable Refractive Surgery Methods in Myopic Patients[NCT04424069]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-03-01	Recruiting
Evaluation of Macular Thickness in Patients With Glaucoma in Use of Topical Prostaglandin Analogue Undergoing Trabeculectomy With Mitomycin C[NCT06000280]		37 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-04	Completed
The Effects of Latanoprost, Bimatoprost and Travoprost on Periocular Skin Pigmentation[NCT00705757]	Phase 4	89 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-03-31	Completed
Safety and Efficacy Study of BETAXON 0.5% and AZOPT 1.0% in Pediatric Patients With Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension[NCT00061516]	Phase 3	78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-01-31	Completed
Effect of Medically Lowering Intraocular Pressure in Glaucoma Suspects With High Myopia: A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT04296916]		264 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-17	Recruiting
Effect of Medically Intraocular Pressure Lowering on Progressive High Myopia[NCT05850936]		152 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-06-01	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

"Periocular skin color was measured with the Minolta Chroma Meter CR-400 and the L*a*b* system, also known as Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage. This is a well-accepted unit of measurement in which L* corresponds to brightness and a* and b* correspond to chromaticity.~Measurements were taken at baseline and 1 year. Data from each time point and each location (upper and lower eyelids or cheeks/face) were averaged, and subtracted from the baseline value for that location. Six predetermined areas on and around the upper and lower eyelid and 2 areas of the face/cheek were measured.Upper and lower eyelid values were averaged and reported as single value for each location ie;-upper eyelids, lower eyelid and cheek/face. A decrease in luminance indicates increased pigmentation at the site of measurement." (NCT00705757)
Timeframe: one year

Intervention	Lab* (Mean)
	Upper Lid	Lower Lid	Cheek/Face
Lumigan	-0.90	-0.37	0.30
Travatan	-0.90	0.17	0.51
Xalatan	-1.42	0.48	0.55

Article	Year
New approaches to antiglaucoma therapy. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1997, Aug-29, Volume: 40, Issue:18 Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Cannabinoids; Drug Design; Endothelins; Glaucoma; Guany	1997
Short-term efficacy of latanoprostene bunod for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a systematic literature review and a network meta-analysis. The British journal of ophthalmology, 2022, Volume: 106, Issue:5 Topics: Amides; Antihypertensive Agents; Bayes Theorem; Betaxolol; Bimatoprost; Brimonidine Tartrate; Carteo	2022
Betaxolol: A comprehensive profile. Profiles of drug substances, excipients, and related methodology, 2021, Volume: 46 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Eye Diseases; Heart; Humans; Intraocular Pre	2021
Meta-analysis of medical intervention for normal tension glaucoma. Ophthalmology, 2009, Volume: 116, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Amides; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Bimatoprost; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cloprostenol; F	2009
Is the medication used to achieve the target intraocular pressure in glaucoma therapy of relevance?--an exemplary analysis on the basis of two beta-blockers. Progress in retinal and eye research, 2010, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Timolol; Visual Fiel	2010
Factors for progression and glaucoma treatment: the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Current opinion in ophthalmology, 2004, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Progression; Glaucoma; Humans	2004
Topical ophthalmic beta blockers: a comparative review. Journal of ocular pharmacology, 1993,Winter, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Carteolol; Drug Tolerance;	1993
Brimonidine: a new alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist for glaucoma treatment. Journal of glaucoma, 1997, Volume: 6, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Clinical Tr	1997
Ocular betaxolol. A review of its pharmacological properties, and therapeutic efficacy in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Drugs, 1990, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Betaxolol; Eye Diseases; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ophthalmic Solutions	1990
Pharmacologic effects of beta-blocking agents used in the management of glaucoma. Survey of ophthalmology, 1989, Volume: 33 Suppl Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Carteolol; Glaucoma; Heart Rate; Humans; Intraocular Pressur	1989
Betaxolol. Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology, 1989, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Propanolamines; Time	1989
Comparison of ophthalmic beta-blocking agents. Clinical pharmacy, 1987, Volume: 6, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Cardiovascular System; Clinical Trials as Topic; Glaucoma; H	1987

Article	Year
The prophylactic effect of betaxolol 0.5% versus brimonidine 0.2% on IOP elevation after Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. Clinical & experimental optometry, 2022, Volume: 105, Issue:8 Topics: Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Capsule Opacification; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Lens	2022
Efficacy of combined administration of 0.2% brimonidine and 0.5% betaxolol in treatment of primary open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Eye science, 2013, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug C	2013
Structural and Functional Progression in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Ophthalmology, 2016, Volume: 123, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnostic Techn	2016
Disc hemorrhages and treatment in the early manifest glaucoma trial. Ophthalmology, 2008, Volume: 115, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Progression; Follow-Up St	2008
[Analysis of the effectiveness of beta-blockers for intraocular pressure and visual field in primary open-angle glaucoma]. Oftalmologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990), 2008, Volume: 52, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Retrospe	2008
Betaxolol hydrochloride ophthalmic suspension 0.25% and timolol gel-forming solution 0.25% and 0.5% in pediatric glaucoma: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 2009, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Child; Child, Preschool; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gels; Glau	2009
The ability of short-wavelength automated perimetry to predict conversion to glaucoma. Ophthalmology, 2010, Volume: 117, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma;	2010
Intraocular pressure reduction with a fixed treatment protocol in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Acta ophthalmologica, 2011, Volume: 89, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Progression; Female; Gl	2011
Effects of argon laser trabeculoplasty in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. American journal of ophthalmology, 2011, Volume: 152, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Exfoli	2011
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2002, Volume: 120, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	2002
Progression of retinal nerve fibre layer damage in betaxolol- and timolol-treated glaucoma patients. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica, 2002, Volume: 80, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Femal	2002
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Factors for glaucoma progression and the effect of treatment: the early manifest glaucoma trial. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 2003, Volume: 121, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease	2003
Results of the betaxolol versus placebo treatment trial in ocular hypertension. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2003, Volume: 241, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraoc	2003
The effect of topical glaucoma medications evaluated by perimetry. The British journal of ophthalmology, 2003, Volume: 87, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Topical; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Clonidine; Epinephrine; Glaucoma; Human	2003
Measuring visual field progression in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica, 2003, Volume: 81, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraoc	2003
Effect of laser in situ keratomileusis on optic nerve head topography and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery, 2003, Volume: 29, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Cytoprotection; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hu	2003
[Long-term efficacy and safety of combined topical antiglaucoma therapy--timolol & unoprostone vs. betaxolol & unoprostone]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi, 2004, Volume: 108, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Dinoprost; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glauc	2004
Factors for progression and glaucoma treatment: the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial. Current opinion in ophthalmology, 2004, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Progression; Glaucoma; Humans	2004
Low incidence of iris pigmentation and eyelash changes in 2 randomized clinical trials with unoprostone isopropyl 0.15%. Ophthalmology, 2004, Volume: 111, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Dinoprost; Double-Blind Method;	2004
The comparative cardiovascular, pulmonary, ocular blood flow, and ocular hypotensive effects of topical travoprost, bimatoprost, brimonidine, and betaxolol. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 20, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Amides; Betaxolol; Bimatoprost; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cardiovascular	2004
The effects on the intraocular pressure and visual field resulting from a switch in the treatment from timolol to betaxolol. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 20, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular P	2004
Treatment and vision-related quality of life in the early manifest glaucoma trial. Ophthalmology, 2005, Volume: 112, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Cross-Sectio	2005
Beta1-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and clinical efficacy of betaxolol hydrochloride in normal volunteers. Ophthalmology, 2005, Volume: 112, Issue:12 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Codon; Female; Genotype; Humans; Intraocular Pressure	2005
Effects of latanoprost and betaxolol on cardiovascular and respiratory status of newly diagnosed glaucoma patients. Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde, 2006, Volume: 220, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular S	2006
Fluctuation of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression in the early manifest glaucoma trial. Ophthalmology, 2007, Volume: 114, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Prog	2007
Predictors of long-term progression in the early manifest glaucoma trial. Ophthalmology, 2007, Volume: 114, Issue:11 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases	2007
Efficacy of brinzolamide and levobetaxolol in pediatric glaucomas: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 2008, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose	2008
Effects of switching from topical beta-blockers to latanoprost on intraocular pressure in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2008, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Carteolol; Female; Glaucoma, Open-A	2008
Betaxolol and timolol. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1984, Volume: 102, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pres	1984
Betaxolol and timolol. A comparison of efficacy and side effects. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1984, Volume: 102, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glaucoma, Op	1984
Betaxolol and acetazolamide. Combined ocular hypotensive effect. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1984, Volume: 102, Issue:12 Topics: Acetazolamide; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Aqueous Humor; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic	1984
The mechanism of betaxolol, a new ocular hypotensive agent. Ophthalmology, 1983, Volume: 90, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Aqueous Humor; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Mi	1983
Use of betaxolol in the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1983, Volume: 101, Issue:6 Topics: Betaxolol; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Placebos; Propanolamines	1983
The effect of topical beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents on pulsatile ocular blood flow. Eye (London, England), 1995, Volume: 9 ( Pt 3) Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Eye; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Press	1995
Betaxolol eye drops. A clinical trial of safety and efficacy. Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology, 1995, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Cardiovascular Diseases; Drug Tolerance; Female; Glaucoma, Open-	1995
Retrobulbar arterial hemodynamic effects of betaxolol and timolol in normal-tension glaucoma. American journal of ophthalmology, 1995, Volume: 120, Issue:2 Topics: Arteries; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glaucoma;	1995
A double-masked, randomized 1-year study comparing dorzolamide (Trusopt), timolol, and betaxolol. International Dorzolamide Study Group. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1995, Volume: 113, Issue:8 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase I	1995
The cardiovascular, pulmonary, and ocular hypotensive effects of 0.2% brimonidine. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1995, Volume: 113, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind	1995
Effect of betaxolol on the retinal circulation in eyes with ocular hypertension: a pilot study. Eye (London, England), 1994, Volume: 8 ( Pt 6) Topics: Administration, Topical; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypert	1994
Correlates of acute exercise-induced ocular hypotension. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 1994, Volume: 35, Issue:11 Topics: Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Exercise; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Lactates; Lac	1994
Differences in the longterm effect of timolol and betaxolol on the pulsatile ocular blood flow. Survey of ophthalmology, 1994, Volume: 38 Suppl Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans	1994
Longterm effect of topical beta-blockers on intraocular pressure and visual field sensitivity in ocular hypertension and chronic open-angle glaucoma. Survey of ophthalmology, 1994, Volume: 38 Suppl Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Chronic Disease; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Huma	1994
Longterm visual field follow-up of glaucoma patients treated with beta-blockers. Survey of ophthalmology, 1994, Volume: 38 Suppl Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Double-Blind Method; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma, Open-Angl	1994
Assessment of the ocular response to topical beta-adrenoceptor antagonists using accommodative microfluctuations. Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 1994, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Administration, Topical; Adult; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Female; Human	1994
The effect of betaxolol and timolol on postoperative intraocular pressure. Acta ophthalmologica, 1993, Volume: 71, Issue:4 Topics: Betaxolol; Cataract Extraction; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Lenses, Intraocul	1993
A double-masked comparison of betaxolol and dipivefrin for the treatment of increased intraocular pressure. American journal of ophthalmology, 1993, Sep-15, Volume: 116, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Epinephrine; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Heart Rate; Humans;	1993
A controlled clinical trial of dorzolamide: a single-centre subset of a multicentre study. Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology, 1996, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor	1996
A comparison of the safety and efficacy of twice daily brimonidine 0.2% versus betaxolol 0.25% in subjects with elevated intraocular pressure. The Brimonidine Study Group III. Survey of ophthalmology, 1996, Volume: 41 Suppl 1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; B	1996
Ocular hypotensive efficacy and safety of a combined formulation of betaxolol and pilocarpine. Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society, 1996, Volume: 94 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female	1996
[Beta-blockers in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma]. Ceska a slovenska oftalmologie : casopis Ceske oftalmologicke spolecnosti a Slovenske oftalmologicke spolecnosti, 1996, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Levobuno	1996
A clinical trial of MK-507, Trusopt, for raised intraocular pressure--the Australian experience. Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology, 1996, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Australia; Bet	1996
The acute effect of topical beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents on retinal and optic nerve head circulation. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica, 1998, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Blood Circulation; Blood Flo	1998
Pressure-reducing efficacy and tolerability of betaxolol in ionic solution. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica. Supplement, 1997, Issue:224 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Human	1997
Short-term clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of the combination of apraclonidine 0.5% solution and betaxolol 0.25% suspension. Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica. Supplement, 1997, Issue:224 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Chronic	1997
Effects of topical adrenergic agents on tissue circulation in rabbit and human optic nerve head evaluated with laser speckle tissue circulation analyzer. Survey of ophthalmology, 1997, Volume: 42 Suppl 1 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Animals;	1997
Randomised, controlled trial of spirometric changes in elderly people receiving timolol or betaxolol as initial treatment for glaucoma. The British journal of ophthalmology, 1998, Volume: 82, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular	1998
Effect of betaxolol on primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma patients. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1998, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Analysis of Variance; Aqueous Humor; Betaxolol; Circadian Rhythm; Femal	1998
A double-masked, randomized, 1-year study comparing the corneal effects of dorzolamide, timolol, and betaxolol. Dorzolamide Corneal Effects Study Group. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1998, Volume: 116, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor	1998
Aqueous humour concentration and the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of topical betaxolol before cataract surgery. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1998, Volume: 54, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aqueous Humor; Betaxolol; Cataract; Cataract E	1998
The favorable effect of topical betaxolol and timolol on glaucomatous visual fields: a 2-year follow-up study. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 1999, Volume: 237, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; F	1999
Comparison of short- and long-term effects of betaxolol and timolol on human retinal circulation. Eye (London, England), 1998, Volume: 12 ( Pt 5) Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Double-	1998
Modulation of Heidelberg Retinal Flowmeter parameter flow at the papilla of healthy subjects: effect of carbogen, oxygen, high intraocular pressure, and beta-blockers. Survey of ophthalmology, 1999, Volume: 43 Suppl 1 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Carbon Diox	1999
The effects of betaxolol hydrochloride ophthalmic solution on intraocular pressures during transient microgravity. Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 1999, Volume: 70, Issue:10 Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Human	1999
Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial: design and baseline data. Ophthalmology, 1999, Volume: 106, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	1999
Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial: design and baseline data. Ophthalmology, 1999, Volume: 106, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	1999
Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial: design and baseline data. Ophthalmology, 1999, Volume: 106, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	1999
Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial: design and baseline data. Ophthalmology, 1999, Volume: 106, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Glauco	1999
Primary open-angle glaucoma patients characterized by ocular vasospasm demonstrate a different ocular vascular response to timolol versus betaxolol. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1999, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Eye; Female; Glauco	1999
Comparison of the efficacy of betaxolol-brinzolamide and timolol-dorzolamide as suppressors of aqueous humor flow in human subjects. Ophthalmology, 2000, Volume: 107, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aqueous Humor; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D	2000
The lack of efficacy of topical beta-blockers, timolol and betaxolol on intraocular pressure in Nigerian healthy volunteers. Eye (London, England), 1999, Volume: 13 ( Pt 6) Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Dose-Response Relationship,	1999
A comparative study of betaxolol and dorzolamide effect on ocular circulation in normal-tension glaucoma patients. Ophthalmology, 2000, Volume: 107, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Carboni	2000
Effects of glaucoma medications on the cardiorespiratory and intraocular pressure status of newly diagnosed glaucoma patients. The British journal of ophthalmology, 2000, Volume: 84, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Betaxolol; Blood	2000
Comparison of the clinical success rates and quality of life effects of brimonidine tartrate 0.2% and betaxolol 0.25% suspension in patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Brimonidine Outcomes Study Group II. Journal of glaucoma, 2000, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; B	2000
Influence of betaxolol and timolol on the venous tone in glaucoma patients. International ophthalmology, 1999, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Female; Glauc	1999
A 7 year prospective comparative study of three topical beta blockers in the management of primary open angle glaucoma. The British journal of ophthalmology, 2001, Volume: 85, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Carteolol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glaucoma	2001
Comparison of the clinical success and quality-of-life impact of brimonidine 0.2% and betaxolol 0.25 % suspension in patients with elevated intraocular pressure. Clinical therapeutics, 2001, Volume: 23, Issue:7 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Female; Hum	2001
A double-masked randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of unoprostone with timolol and betaxolol in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma including pseudoexfoliation glaucoma or ocular hypertension. 6 month data. American journal of ophthalmology, 2002, Volume: 133, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Dinoprost; Double-Blind Method; Exf	2002
[Betoptic, a new possibility in the treatment of glaucoma]. Ceskoslovenska oftalmologie, 1992, Volume: 48, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Timolol	1992
Long-term effect of ophthalmic beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on intraocular pressure and retinal sensitivity in primary open-angle glaucoma. Current eye research, 1992, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Longitudinal Studies; M	1992
[Effect of betaxolol and timolol on visual fields in glaucoma patients]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde, 1991, Volume: 198, Issue:5 Topics: Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ophthalmic Solut	1991
Influence of betaxolol and timolol on the visual fields of patients with glaucoma. American journal of ophthalmology, 1991, Dec-15, Volume: 112, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle A	1991
The effect of topical antiglaucoma drugs on the results of high-pass resolution perimetry. American journal of ophthalmology, 1991, Jun-15, Volume: 111, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Betaxolol; Double-Blind Method; Epinephrine; Female; Glaucoma; Humans	1991
A double-masked three-month comparison between 0.25% betaxolol suspension and 0.5% betaxolol ophthalmic solution. American journal of ophthalmology, 1990, Aug-15, Volume: 110, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Topical; Analysis of Variance; Betaxolol; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-B	1990
[A new topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (MK-927). Tolerance comparison with betaxolol in healthy probands]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde, 1990, Volume: 197, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Topical; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Double-Blind Method; Drug Toleran	1990
Early visual field changes with beta-blocking agents. Survey of ophthalmology, 1989, Volume: 33 Suppl Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Carteolol; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Follow-Up Studies;	1989
Changing therapy from timolol to betaxolol. Effect on intraocular pressure in selected patients with glaucoma. Timolol-Betaxolol Study Group. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1989, Volume: 107, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Prop	1989
Efficacy and safety of the combination therapy Pilogel/beta-blocker: interim results. Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 1989, Volume: 72, Issue:3-4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Circadian Rhythm; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Thera	1989
[Use of Betaxolol in patients with glaucoma and chronic nonspecific diseases of the respiratory system]. Klinika oczna, 1989, Volume: 91, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Lung Dise	1989
Decreased intraocular pressure in the hypertensive human eye with betaxolol, a beta 1-adrenergic antagonist. American journal of ophthalmology, 1985, Dec-15, Volume: 100, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Female; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Mid	1985
Two new beta-blockers for glaucoma. The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics, 1986, Apr-25, Volume: 28, Issue:712 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Bl	1986
Additive effect of betaxolol and epinephrine in primary open angle glaucoma. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1986, Volume: 104, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method;	1986
Betaxolol eye drops as a safe medication to lower intraocular pressure. Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology, 1987, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cornea; F	1987
[Treatment with betaxolol and placebo eyedrops in patients with glaucoma and reactive airway diseases]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde, 1987, Volume: 191, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Clinical Trials as Topic; Doubl	1987
Comparison of ophthalmic beta-blocking agents. Clinical pharmacy, 1987, Volume: 6, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Cardiovascular System; Clinical Trials as Topic; Glaucoma; H	1987
Comparative efficacy of the beta-blockers for the prevention of increased intraocular pressure after cataract extraction. American journal of ophthalmology, 1988, Aug-15, Volume: 106, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Betaxolol; Cataract Extraction; Humans; Intrao	1988
Comparison of topical timolol vs betaxolol on cardiopulmonary exercise performance in healthy volunteers. Acta ophthalmologica, 1988, Volume: 66, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Exercise; Hemodynamics; Hum	1988
Levobunolol and betaxolol. A double-masked controlled comparison of efficacy and safety in patients with elevated intraocular pressure. Ophthalmology, 1988, Volume: 95, Issue:6 Topics: Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Le	1988
[Effect of nonspecific and cardioselective beta receptor blockers on the formation of aqueous humor. An oculopressure tonometry study]. Ophthalmologica. Journal international d'ophtalmologie. International journal of ophthalmology. Zeitschrift fur Augenheilkunde, 1988, Volume: 196, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocul	1988
Betaxolol vs timolol. A six-month double-blind comparison. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1986, Volume: 104, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Int	1986

Article	Year
Wettability and contact angle affect precorneal retention and pharmacodynamic behavior of microspheres. Drug delivery, 2021, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Bentonite; Betaxolol; Cell Survival; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations	2021
Critical Evaluation of Multifunctional Betaxolol Hydrochloride Nanoformulations for Effective Sustained Intraocular Pressure Reduction. International journal of nanomedicine, 2022, Volume: 17 Topics: Betaxolol; Cornea; Drug Carriers; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Nanoparticles; Particle Si	2022
Critical Evaluation of Multifunctional Betaxolol Hydrochloride Nanoformulations for Effective Sustained Intraocular Pressure Reduction. International journal of nanomedicine, 2022, Volume: 17 Topics: Betaxolol; Cornea; Drug Carriers; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Nanoparticles; Particle Si	2022
Critical Evaluation of Multifunctional Betaxolol Hydrochloride Nanoformulations for Effective Sustained Intraocular Pressure Reduction. International journal of nanomedicine, 2022, Volume: 17 Topics: Betaxolol; Cornea; Drug Carriers; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Nanoparticles; Particle Si	2022
Critical Evaluation of Multifunctional Betaxolol Hydrochloride Nanoformulations for Effective Sustained Intraocular Pressure Reduction. International journal of nanomedicine, 2022, Volume: 17 Topics: Betaxolol; Cornea; Drug Carriers; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Nanoparticles; Particle Si	2022
Ocular Intracameral Pharmacokinetics for a Cocktail of Timolol, Betaxolol, and Atenolol in Rabbits. Molecular pharmaceutics, 2020, 02-03, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Atenolol; Betaxolol; Chromatography,	2020
Effects of topical administration of tafluprost and combination of tafluprost and timolol or tafluprost and betaxolol on Schirmer tear test, intraocular pressure, and pupil size in clinically healthy dogs. International ophthalmology, 2020, Volume: 40, Issue:10 Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Dogs; Intraocular Pressure; Ma	2020
Betaxolol, Brimonidin and Carteolol in the Therapy of Normal-Tension Glaucoma. Ceska a slovenska oftalmologie : casopis Ceske oftalmologicke spolecnosti a Slovenske oftalmologicke spolecnosti, 2020,Spring, Volume: 76, Issue:2 Topics: Betaxolol; Carteolol; Evoked Potentials, Visual; Glaucoma; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular	2020
Controlled drug delivery for glaucoma therapy using montmorillonite/Eudragit microspheres as an ion-exchange carrier. International journal of nanomedicine, 2018, Volume: 13 Topics: Animals; Bentonite; Betaxolol; Biological Availability; Cell Death; Chorioallantoic Membrane; Delaye	2018
Montmorillonite/chitosan nanoparticles as a novel controlled-release topical ophthalmic delivery system for the treatment of glaucoma. International journal of nanomedicine, 2018, Volume: 13 Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Aqueous Humor; Bentonite; Betaxolol; Cell Survival; Chitosan; Corn	2018
Betaxolol hydrochloride loaded chitosan nanoparticles for ocular delivery and their anti-glaucoma efficacy. Current drug delivery, 2013, Volume: 10, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Ophthalmic; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Chickens; Chitosan; Chorioa	2013
Can preoperative betaxolol eye drops reduce the incidence of postoperative visual loss (POVL)? Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology, 2014, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Middle Aged; Ophthalmic Soluti	2014
Congenital hypothyroidism in Rieger Syndrome. Ophthalmic genetics, 2016, Volume: 37, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Anterior Eye Segment; Betaxolol; Child; Congenital Hypothyro	2016
ADRB1 and ADBR2 gene polymorphisms and the ocular hypotensive response to topical betaxolol in healthy Mexican subjects. Current eye research, 2014, Volume: 39, Issue:11 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Bet	2014
Preparation, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ophthalmic thermosensitive in situ hydrogel of betaxolol hydrochloride. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2016, Volume: 83 Topics: Animals; Betaxolol; Drug Liberation; Eye; Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; Intraocular	2016
Impact of Combination Glaucoma Therapies on β-Blocker Exposure. Journal of glaucoma, 2017, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Drug Combinations; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Utilizatio	2017
A novel ion-exchange carrier based upon liposome-encapsulated montmorillonite for ophthalmic delivery of betaxolol hydrochloride. International journal of nanomedicine, 2017, Volume: 12 Topics: Animals; Bentonite; Betaxolol; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Cell Survival; Cornea; Dialysis;	2017
Influence of the extent of myopia on the progression of normal-tension glaucoma. American journal of ophthalmology, 2010, Volume: 149, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Intraocular Pressure;	2010
Assessment of aqueous humor dynamics in the mouse by a novel method of constant-flow infusion. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2011, Feb-03, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Aqueous Humor; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Coloring Agents; D	2011
Comparison of the progression rates of the superior, inferior, and both hemifield defects in normal-tension glaucoma patients. American journal of ophthalmology, 2012, Volume: 154, Issue:6 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cohort Studies; Disease Progression; Femal	2012
Nitric oxide synthase expression in the transient ischemic rat retina: neuroprotection of betaxolol. Neuroscience letters, 2002, Sep-27, Volume: 330, Issue:3 Topics: Amacrine Cells; Animals; Betaxolol; Brain Ischemia; Immunohistochemistry; Intraocular Pressure; Male	2002
Effect of treatment by medicine or surgery on intraocular pressure and pulsatile ocular blood flow in normal-pressure glaucoma. Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2002, Volume: 240, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Brimonidine	2002
Betaxolol, a beta1-adrenoceptor antagonist, protects a transient ischemic injury of the retina. Experimental eye research, 2002, Volume: 75, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; I	2002
To treat or not to treat? That is the question. Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2002, Volume: 79, Issue:12 Topics: Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Laser Therapy; T	2002
Delaying glaucoma. Health news (Waltham, Mass.), 2002, Volume: 8, Issue:12 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Disease Progression; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Las	2002
Effects of betaxolol and flunarizine on visual fields and intraocular pressure in patients with migraine. Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology, 2003, Volume: 106, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Betaxolol; Calcium Channel Blockers; Drug Therapy, C	2003
Betaxolol attenuates retinal ischemia/reperfusion damage in the rat. Neuroreport, 2003, Oct-27, Volume: 14, Issue:15 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Choline O-Acetyltransferas	2003
In vitro effects of preserved or preservative-free antiglaucoma medications on human complement system. Current eye research, 2003, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Benzalkonium Compounds; Betaxolol; Carteolol; Complement System Protein	2003
Binding affinities of ocular hypotensive beta-blockers levobetaxolol, levobunolol, and timolol at endogenous guinea pig beta-adrenoceptors. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Binding, Competitive; Guinea Pigs; Heart; In Vitro	2004
[Neuroprotection and vasoprotection in glaucoma]. Oftalmologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990), 2004, Volume: 48, Issue:2 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Brimonidine Tartrate; Carteolol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glau	2004
Infantile glaucoma in a patient with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie, 2004, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Roth	2004
Acute effects of glaucoma medications on rat intraocular pressure. Experimental eye research, 2005, Volume: 80, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru	2005
[Increased intraocular pressure in asthma patients]. Medizinische Monatsschrift fur Pharmazeuten, 2005, Volume: 28, Issue:8 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Anti-Asthmatic Agents; Asthma; Betaxolol; Glaucoma; Glucocorticoids; Human	2005
[Clinical investigation: the intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy and safety of brinzolamide combined with betaxolol]. Yan ke xue bao = Eye science, 2005, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Female;	2005
Betaxolol. A new beta-adrenergic blocking agent for treatment of glaucoma. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1982, Volume: 100, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans;	1982
Optic nerve vasomotor effects of topical beta-adrenergic antagonists in rabbits. American journal of ophthalmology, 1995, Volume: 120, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Arterioles; Bet	1995
Intraocular pressure reduction with topically administered pilocarpine, timolol and betaxolol in normal tension glaucoma. Acta ophthalmologica, 1993, Volume: 71, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis of Variance; Betaxolol; Female; Glaucoma;	1993
Effect of long-term topical betaxolol on tissue circulation in the iris and optic nerve head. Experimental eye research, 1997, Volume: 64, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood	1997
Ocular-specific chemical delivery systems of betaxolol for safe local treatment of glaucoma. Drug design and discovery, 1997, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Eye; Glaucoma; Intraocular	1997
In vivo measurement of iridial circulation using laser speckle phenomenon. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 1998, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Blood Circulation; Blood Flow Velocity; Dinoprost;	1998
Five-year follow-up of treated patients with glaucoma using resolution perimetry. Journal of glaucoma, 1998, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular	1998
Glaucoma drops control intraocular pressure and protect optic nerves in a rat model of glaucoma. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 1998, Volume: 39, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Clonidine; Disease Model	1998
An in-service investigation of the additive effect of topical adrenergic agonists and beta-blockers. Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology, 1998, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and	1998
Effects of timolol and betaxolol on choroidal blood flow in the rabbit. Experimental eye research, 1998, Volume: 67, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Choroid; Female; In Vitro Technique	1998
The Hettinger hand vibration test, vasospasm, and glaucoma. Survey of ophthalmology, 1999, Volume: 43 Suppl 1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Female	1999
Effect of topical betaxolol on tissue circulation in the human optic nerve head. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 1999, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Antihypertensive Agents; Betaxolol; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Op	1999
The 5-HT(1A)Receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT lowers intraocular pressure in normotensive NZW rabbits. Experimental eye research, 1999, Volume: 69, Issue:6 Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animal	1999
[Additive effects of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors]. Ceska a slovenska oftalmologie : casopis Ceske oftalmologicke spolecnosti a Slovenske oftalmologicke spolecnosti, 2001, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; G	2001
Levobetaxolol (Betaxon) and other beta-adrenergic antagonists: preclinical pharmacology, IOP-lowering activity and sites of action in human eyes. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2001, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Cell Line; Ciliary Body;	2001
Levobetaxolol (Betaxon): in vitro pharmacology, intraocular pressure lowering activity and autoradiographic localization of beta-adrenoceptors in human eyes. Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society, 2001, Volume: 44 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Autoradiography; Betaxolol; Binding,	2001
Short-term effect of beta-adrenoreceptor blocking agents on ocular blood flow. Current eye research, 2001, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood	2001
Reactivation of herpes simplex virus keratitis after initiating bimatoprost treatment for glaucoma. American journal of ophthalmology, 2002, Volume: 133, Issue:3 Topics: Acyclovir; Aged; Amides; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; A	2002
Topical flunarizine reduces IOP and protects the retina against ischemia-excitotoxicity. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2002, Volume: 43, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Calcium; Calcium Channel B	2002
Effect of betaxolol on impaired choroidal blood flow after intravitreal injection of endothelin-1 in albino rabbits. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2002, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Blood Pressure; Choroid; E	2002
Cardiovascular and pulmonary effects of beta-blocking agents: implications for their use in ophthalmology. Survey of ophthalmology, 1989, Volume: 33 Suppl Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Age Factors; Betaxolol; Cardiovascular System; Drug Interactions; Glauc	1989
Pressure compliance test of the optic nerve head: influence of different antiglaucoma drugs. Survey of ophthalmology, 1989, Volume: 33 Suppl Topics: Acetazolamide; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Carteolol; Glaucoma; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Hu	1989
From timolol to betaxolol. Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960), 1989, Volume: 107, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Betaxolol; Central Nervous System; Female; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle A	1989
Drugs and glaucoma. American family physician, 1986, Volume: 34, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; Drug Combinations; Drug Impla	1986
Betaxolol and levobunolol: new beta-blocking antiglaucoma agents. Journal of the American Optometric Association, 1987, Volume: 58, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Betaxolol; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular	1987
L-653,328: an ocular hypotensive agent with modest beta receptor blocking activity. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 1988, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Betaxolol; Ciliary Body; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Int	1988
Betaxolol in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Journal of ocular pharmacology, 1987,Summer, Volume: 3, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Aged; Betaxolol; Forced Expiratory Volume; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocula	1987
Increased intraocular pressure in the immediate postoperative period after extracapsular cataract extraction. American journal of ophthalmology, 1988, May-15, Volume: 105, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Betaxolol; Cataract Extraction; Female; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Intraocular Pressure; Male; P	1988
Long-term betaxolol therapy in glaucoma patients with pulmonary disease. American journal of ophthalmology, 1988, Aug-15, Volume: 106, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Asthma; Betaxolol; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Lung Diseases; Male; Middle	1988

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The Extent of Latanoprost, Bimatoprost and Travoprost Induced Periocular Skin Hyperpigmentation Over a One Year Time Course in Newly Diagnosed Primary Open Angle and Ocular Hypertension Patients.

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