betaine and Prediabetic State studies

Prediabetic State: The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Plasma betaine correlates with insulin sensitivity in humans."	9.27	Metabolic Effects of Betaine: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Betaine Supplementation in Prediabetes. ( Basu, R; Beckman, JA; Cloutier, E; Dreyfuss, JM; Fowler, KM; Gerszten, RE; Goldfine, AB; Grizales, AM; Kozuka, C; Lee, A; Lin, AP; Pan, H; Patti, ME; Pober, DM; Sahni, VA, 2018)
"Betaine levels were inversely correlated with fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin% (HbA1c), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (all, P≤0."	5.56	Association between plasma betaine levels and dysglycemia in patients with coronary artery disease. ( Guo, F; Li, Z; Ouyang, D; Qiu, X; Tan, Z; Zhu, Y, 2020)
"Plasma betaine correlates with insulin sensitivity in humans."	5.27	Metabolic Effects of Betaine: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Betaine Supplementation in Prediabetes. ( Basu, R; Beckman, JA; Cloutier, E; Dreyfuss, JM; Fowler, KM; Gerszten, RE; Goldfine, AB; Grizales, AM; Kozuka, C; Lee, A; Lin, AP; Pan, H; Patti, ME; Pober, DM; Sahni, VA, 2018)
"Betaine levels were inversely correlated with fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin% (HbA1c), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (all, P≤0."	1.56	Association between plasma betaine levels and dysglycemia in patients with coronary artery disease. ( Guo, F; Li, Z; Ouyang, D; Qiu, X; Tan, Z; Zhu, Y, 2020)

Research

Studies (3)

Authors

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change in Glucose AUC at 12 Weeks From Baseline (Glucose Tolerance)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	1 (33.33)	24.3611
2020's	2 (66.67)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Zeng, Q	1
Zhao, M	1
Wang, F	1
Li, Y	2
Li, H	1
Zheng, J	1
Chen, X	1
Zhao, X	1
Ji, L	1
Gao, X	1
Liu, C	1
Wang, Y	1
Cheng, S	1
Xu, J	1
Pan, B	1
Sun, J	1
Li, D	1
He, Y	1
Zheng, L	1
Guo, F	1
Qiu, X	1
Zhu, Y	1
Tan, Z	1
Li, Z	1
Ouyang, D	1
Grizales, AM	1
Patti, ME	1
Lin, AP	1
Beckman, JA	1
Sahni, VA	1
Cloutier, E	1
Fowler, KM	1
Dreyfuss, JM	1
Pan, H	1
Kozuka, C	1
Lee, A	1
Basu, R	1
Pober, DM	1
Gerszten, RE	1
Goldfine, AB	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Bedside to Bench and Back: Cardiometabolic Effects of Betaine Supplementation[NCT01950039]	Phase 2	28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Glucose tolerance was assessed by oral glucose tolerance, assessed using the change from baseline for fasting and 2 hour glucose, and change in Glucose AUC at 12 weeks from baseline was measured. (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks

Hepatic Fat, Change From Baseline

Intervention	mg*min/dL (Mean)
Betaine	340
Placebo	-413

Intrahepatic triglyceride levels were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Siemens 3T TIM Skyra, software version VD13; Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks

Endothelial Function

Intervention	percent change in hepatic triglyceride (Mean)
Betaine	-0.01
Placebo	-0.03

Brachial artery reactivity to flow and nitroglycerin stimuli, assessed as percent change from baseline (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks

Fasting and 2 Hour Glucose Levels, Comparing Baseline and 12 Weeks.

Intervention	percent change from baseline (Mean)
	Percent change in flow-mediated dilation	Percent change in nitroglycerine-mediated dilation
Betaine	-0.5	-0.9
Placebo	-1.9	-0.9

Glucose levels were analyzed in the fasting state and two hours after glucose load, comparing baseline to 12 weeks. (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks

Insulin Sensitivity

Intervention	mg/dl (Mean)
	fasting glucose	2-hour glucose
Betaine	-5	7
Placebo	3	-4

"Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp at baseline and at end of study (12 weeks) for assessment of:~glucose disposal (M) at low (25 mU/m2/min) and high (180 mU/m2/min) insulin infusion rates, reported as raw data~measurement of endogenous glucose production at basal and low insulin infusion (25 mU/m2/min), reported as change from measures at baseline of individual study days" (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: Baseline and 12 weeks

Intervention	umol/kg/min (Mean)
	Glucose Utilization (M), 25 mU/m2/min, baseline	Glucose Utilization (M), 25 mU/m2/min, 12 weeks	Glucose Utilization (M), 180 mU/m2/min, baseline	Glucose Utilization (M), 180 mU/m2/min, 12 weeks	Endogenous Glucose Production, basal insulin	Endogenous Glucose Production, 25 mU/m2/min
Betaine	90.4	110.9	406.8	458.1	.03	-0.01
Placebo	62.8	73.5	332.6	393.7	-0.01	-0.12

Article	Year
Integrating Choline and Specific Intestinal Microbiota to Classify Type 2 Diabetes in Adults: A Machine Learning Based Metagenomics Study. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022, Volume: 13 Topics: Adult; Betaine; Choline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Gastrointestinal Microb	2022
Association between plasma betaine levels and dysglycemia in patients with coronary artery disease. Bioscience reports, 2020, 08-28, Volume: 40, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Aged; Betaine; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, High Pressure	2020

betaine and Prediabetic State