betaine has been researched along with Insulin Resistance in 29 studies
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.
Insulin Resistance: Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Plasma betaine correlates with insulin sensitivity in humans." | 9.27 | Metabolic Effects of Betaine: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Betaine Supplementation in Prediabetes. ( Basu, R; Beckman, JA; Cloutier, E; Dreyfuss, JM; Fowler, KM; Gerszten, RE; Goldfine, AB; Grizales, AM; Kozuka, C; Lee, A; Lin, AP; Pan, H; Patti, ME; Pober, DM; Sahni, VA, 2018) |
| "We investigated the relationships between serum choline and betaine levels with metabolic syndrome-related indices in the general population of Newfoundland." | 7.91 | Low serum choline and high serum betaine levels are associated with favorable components of metabolic syndrome in Newfoundland population. ( Gao, X; Randell, E; Sun, G; Tian, Y; Zhou, H, 2019) |
| "In the present study, we attempted to elucidate whether molecular modulation of inflammation by betaine through the forkhead box O1 (FOXO1)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome improves insulin resistance." | 7.85 | Effect of betaine on hepatic insulin resistance through FOXO1-induced NLRP3 inflammasome. ( An, HJ; Chung, HY; Chung, KW; Kim, DH; Kim, KM; Kim, SM; Lee, B; Lee, EK; Moon, KM; Yu, BP, 2017) |
| "Dietary betaine supplement could ameliorate insulin resistance (IR) in animals, but no data are available for choline." | 7.85 | High dietary choline and betaine intake is associated with low insulin resistance in the Newfoundland population. ( Gao, X; Sun, G; Wang, Y, 2017) |
| " Promising beneficial effects of betaine supplementation on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been reported in both clinical investigations and experimental studies; however, data related to betaine therapy in NAFLD are still limited." | 7.76 | Betaine improved adipose tissue function in mice fed a high-fat diet: a mechanism for hepatoprotective effect of betaine in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. ( Fantuzzi, G; Pini, M; Song, Z; Wang, Z; Yao, T; Zhou, Z, 2010) |
| "Betaine is a nontoxic, chemically stable and naturally occurring molecule." | 5.48 | Betaine Supplementation Enhances Lipid Metabolism and Improves Insulin Resistance in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. ( Bai, L; Du, J; Gan, M; Jiang, A; Jiang, Y; Jin, L; Li, M; Li, X; Ma, J; Shen, L; Tan, Z; Tang, G; Wang, J; Xu, Y; Yang, Q; Zhang, P; Zhang, S; Zhao, X; Zhu, L, 2018) |
| "Betaine has been tested as a treatment for NAFL in animal models and in small clinical trials, with mixed results." | 5.36 | Betaine improves nonalcoholic fatty liver and associated hepatic insulin resistance: a potential mechanism for hepatoprotection by betaine. ( Bottiglieri, T; Caudill, MA; French, SW; Kathirvel, E; Morgan, K; Morgan, TR; Nandgiri, G; Sandoval, BC, 2010) |
| "Plasma betaine correlates with insulin sensitivity in humans." | 5.27 | Metabolic Effects of Betaine: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Betaine Supplementation in Prediabetes. ( Basu, R; Beckman, JA; Cloutier, E; Dreyfuss, JM; Fowler, KM; Gerszten, RE; Goldfine, AB; Grizales, AM; Kozuka, C; Lee, A; Lin, AP; Pan, H; Patti, ME; Pober, DM; Sahni, VA, 2018) |
| " Furthermore, glycine could be linked to metabolic health and insulin sensitivity through the betaine osmolyte." | 5.22 | Network Analysis of Metabolite GWAS Hits: Implication of CPS1 and the Urea Cycle in Weight Maintenance. ( Astrup, A; Carayol, J; Charon, C; Fazelzadeh, P; Hager, J; Lefebvre, G; Matone, A; Morine, M; Saris, WH; Scott-Boyer, MP; Valsesia, A; Vervoort, J, 2016) |
| "In general, increasing dietary choline and betaine along with moderate and high physical activity improved insulin resistance, increased HDL, and lowered FBS in the higher tertiles of dietary choline and betaine." | 4.31 | The interactive relationship of dietary choline and betaine with physical activity on circulating creatine kinase (CK), metabolic and glycemic markers, and anthropometric characteristics in physically active young individuals. ( Ardekani, AM; Farhangi, MA; Fayyazishishavan, E; Soleimani, E, 2023) |
| "Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), choline and betaine serum levels have been associated with metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)." | 4.02 | Trimethylamine N-oxide levels are associated with NASH in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes. ( Aguilar-Salinas, C; Campos-Pérez, F; Canizales-Quinteros, S; Gómez-Pérez, F; González-González, I; Grandini-Rosales, P; Hazen, SL; Hernández-Pando, R; Huertas-Vazquez, A; Hui, ST; Larrieta-Carrasco, E; León-Mimila, P; Li, XS; López-Contreras, B; Lusis, AJ; Macías-Kauffer, L; Morán-Ramos, S; Ocampo-Medina, E; Olivares-Arevalo, M; Shih, DM; Villamil-Ramírez, H; Villarreal-Molina, T; Wang, Z, 2021) |
| "We investigated the relationships between serum choline and betaine levels with metabolic syndrome-related indices in the general population of Newfoundland." | 3.91 | Low serum choline and high serum betaine levels are associated with favorable components of metabolic syndrome in Newfoundland population. ( Gao, X; Randell, E; Sun, G; Tian, Y; Zhou, H, 2019) |
| "In the present study, we attempted to elucidate whether molecular modulation of inflammation by betaine through the forkhead box O1 (FOXO1)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome improves insulin resistance." | 3.85 | Effect of betaine on hepatic insulin resistance through FOXO1-induced NLRP3 inflammasome. ( An, HJ; Chung, HY; Chung, KW; Kim, DH; Kim, KM; Kim, SM; Lee, B; Lee, EK; Moon, KM; Yu, BP, 2017) |
| "Dietary betaine supplement could ameliorate insulin resistance (IR) in animals, but no data are available for choline." | 3.85 | High dietary choline and betaine intake is associated with low insulin resistance in the Newfoundland population. ( Gao, X; Sun, G; Wang, Y, 2017) |
| " We hypothesized that increasing free carnitine levels by administration of the carnitine precursor γ-butyrobetaine (γBB) could facilitate FAO, thereby improving insulin sensitivity." | 3.83 | The impact of altered carnitine availability on acylcarnitine metabolism, energy expenditure and glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese mice. ( Hollak, CE; Houten, SM; Houtkooper, RH; Schooneman, MG; Soeters, MR; Vaz, FM; Wanders, RJ, 2016) |
| " In this study, we examined the influence of betaine on high-fructose-induced renal damage involving renal inflammation, insulin resistance and lipid accumulation in rats and explored its possible mechanisms." | 3.80 | Betaine supplementation protects against high-fructose-induced renal injury in rats. ( Fan, CY; Ge, CX; Kong, LD; Li, JM; Wang, MX; Wang, X, 2014) |
| "Ecological evidence suggests that niacin (nicotinamide and nicotinic acid) fortification may be involved in the increased prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, both of which are associated with insulin resistance and epigenetic changes." | 3.79 | Nicotinamide supplementation induces detrimental metabolic and epigenetic changes in developing rats. ( Cao, JM; Cao, Y; Gong, XJ; Guo, J; Guo, M; Li, D; Lun, YZ; Luo, N; Sun, WP; Tian, YJ; Zhou, SS, 2013) |
| " Promising beneficial effects of betaine supplementation on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been reported in both clinical investigations and experimental studies; however, data related to betaine therapy in NAFLD are still limited." | 3.76 | Betaine improved adipose tissue function in mice fed a high-fat diet: a mechanism for hepatoprotective effect of betaine in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. ( Fantuzzi, G; Pini, M; Song, Z; Wang, Z; Yao, T; Zhou, Z, 2010) |
| "The betaines that were increased in mouse plasma after bran-enriched feeding were identified de novo via chemical synthesis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and confirmed to be associated with an increased intake of whole-grain products in humans." | 2.87 | Diets rich in whole grains increase betainized compounds associated with glucose metabolism. ( Auriola, S; Giacco, R; Hanhineva, K; Jokkala, J; Kärkkäinen, O; Koistinen, V; Kolehmainen, M; Lankinen, MA; Lehtonen, M; Leppänen, J; Micard, V; Mykkänen, H; Poutanen, K; Riccardi, G; Rivellese, AAA; Rosa-Sibakov, N; Schwab, U; Uusitupa, M; Vitale, M, 2018) |
| "Moreover, studies with animal models of type 2 diabetes have shown that betaine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects, and also alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress." | 2.82 | The anti-diabetic potential of betaine. Mechanisms of action in rodent models of type 2 diabetes. ( Szkudelska, K; Szkudelski, T, 2022) |
| "Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a more serious form of NAFLD, can proceed to cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma." | 2.44 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: predisposing factors and the role of nutrition. ( Barve, S; Cave, M; Deaciuc, I; Joshi-Barve, S; McClain, C; Mendez, C; Song, Z, 2007) |
| "Betaine is a biologically active compound exerting beneficial effects in the organism, however, the exact mechanisms underlying its action are not fully elucidated." | 1.62 | Betaine supplementation to rats alleviates disturbances induced by high-fat diet: pleiotropic effects in model of type 2 diabetes. ( Chan, MH; Jasaszwili, M; Lukomska, A; Malek, E; Okulicz, M; Shah, M; Sunder, S; Szkudelska, K; Szkudelski, T, 2021) |
| "The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing more rapidly in adolescents than in any other age group." | 1.56 | Identification of pathognomonic purine synthesis biomarkers by metabolomic profiling of adolescents with obesity and type 2 diabetes. ( Barshop, BA; Chen, K; Concepcion, J; Gangoiti, J; Kim, JJ; Mendez, E; Natarajan, L; Nikita, ME; Saito, R; Sharma, K, 2020) |
| "Betaine is a nontoxic, chemically stable and naturally occurring molecule." | 1.48 | Betaine Supplementation Enhances Lipid Metabolism and Improves Insulin Resistance in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. ( Bai, L; Du, J; Gan, M; Jiang, A; Jiang, Y; Jin, L; Li, M; Li, X; Ma, J; Shen, L; Tan, Z; Tang, G; Wang, J; Xu, Y; Yang, Q; Zhang, P; Zhang, S; Zhao, X; Zhu, L, 2018) |
| "Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an important indication for liver transplantation in many Western countries." | 1.37 | Betaine and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: back to the future? ( Mukherjee, S, 2011) |
| "Betaine has been tested as a treatment for NAFL in animal models and in small clinical trials, with mixed results." | 1.36 | Betaine improves nonalcoholic fatty liver and associated hepatic insulin resistance: a potential mechanism for hepatoprotection by betaine. ( Bottiglieri, T; Caudill, MA; French, SW; Kathirvel, E; Morgan, K; Morgan, TR; Nandgiri, G; Sandoval, BC, 2010) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (10.34) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 17 (58.62) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 9 (31.03) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Szkudelska, K | 2 |
| Chan, MH | 1 |
| Okulicz, M | 1 |
| Jasaszwili, M | 1 |
| Lukomska, A | 1 |
| Malek, E | 1 |
| Shah, M | 1 |
| Sunder, S | 1 |
| Szkudelski, T | 2 |
| Yu, J | 1 |
| Laybutt, DR | 1 |
| Youngson, NA | 1 |
| Morris, MJ | 1 |
| Poursalehi, D | 1 |
| Lotfi, K | 1 |
| Mirzaei, S | 1 |
| Asadi, A | 1 |
| Akhlaghi, M | 1 |
| Saneei, P | 1 |
| Soleimani, E | 1 |
| Ardekani, AM | 1 |
| Fayyazishishavan, E | 1 |
| Farhangi, MA | 1 |
| Concepcion, J | 1 |
| Chen, K | 1 |
| Saito, R | 1 |
| Gangoiti, J | 1 |
| Mendez, E | 1 |
| Nikita, ME | 1 |
| Barshop, BA | 1 |
| Natarajan, L | 1 |
| Sharma, K | 1 |
| Kim, JJ | 1 |
| León-Mimila, P | 1 |
| Villamil-Ramírez, H | 1 |
| Li, XS | 1 |
| Shih, DM | 1 |
| Hui, ST | 1 |
| Ocampo-Medina, E | 1 |
| López-Contreras, B | 1 |
| Morán-Ramos, S | 1 |
| Olivares-Arevalo, M | 1 |
| Grandini-Rosales, P | 1 |
| Macías-Kauffer, L | 1 |
| González-González, I | 1 |
| Hernández-Pando, R | 1 |
| Gómez-Pérez, F | 1 |
| Campos-Pérez, F | 1 |
| Aguilar-Salinas, C | 1 |
| Larrieta-Carrasco, E | 1 |
| Villarreal-Molina, T | 1 |
| Wang, Z | 2 |
| Lusis, AJ | 1 |
| Hazen, SL | 1 |
| Huertas-Vazquez, A | 1 |
| Canizales-Quinteros, S | 1 |
| Mukherjee, S | 2 |
| Chen, W | 1 |
| Xu, M | 2 |
| Wang, Y | 2 |
| Zou, Q | 1 |
| Xie, S | 1 |
| Wang, L | 1 |
| Kim, DH | 1 |
| Kim, SM | 1 |
| Lee, B | 1 |
| Lee, EK | 1 |
| Chung, KW | 1 |
| Moon, KM | 1 |
| An, HJ | 1 |
| Kim, KM | 1 |
| Yu, BP | 1 |
| Chung, HY | 1 |
| Du, J | 1 |
| Shen, L | 1 |
| Tan, Z | 1 |
| Zhang, P | 1 |
| Zhao, X | 1 |
| Xu, Y | 1 |
| Gan, M | 1 |
| Yang, Q | 1 |
| Ma, J | 1 |
| Jiang, A | 1 |
| Tang, G | 1 |
| Jiang, Y | 1 |
| Jin, L | 1 |
| Li, M | 1 |
| Bai, L | 1 |
| Li, X | 1 |
| Wang, J | 1 |
| Zhang, S | 1 |
| Zhu, L | 1 |
| Grizales, AM | 1 |
| Patti, ME | 1 |
| Lin, AP | 1 |
| Beckman, JA | 1 |
| Sahni, VA | 1 |
| Cloutier, E | 1 |
| Fowler, KM | 1 |
| Dreyfuss, JM | 1 |
| Pan, H | 1 |
| Kozuka, C | 1 |
| Lee, A | 1 |
| Basu, R | 1 |
| Pober, DM | 1 |
| Gerszten, RE | 1 |
| Goldfine, AB | 1 |
| Kärkkäinen, O | 1 |
| Lankinen, MA | 1 |
| Vitale, M | 1 |
| Jokkala, J | 1 |
| Leppänen, J | 1 |
| Koistinen, V | 1 |
| Lehtonen, M | 1 |
| Giacco, R | 1 |
| Rosa-Sibakov, N | 1 |
| Micard, V | 1 |
| Rivellese, AAA | 1 |
| Schwab, U | 1 |
| Mykkänen, H | 1 |
| Uusitupa, M | 1 |
| Kolehmainen, M | 1 |
| Riccardi, G | 1 |
| Poutanen, K | 1 |
| Auriola, S | 1 |
| Hanhineva, K | 1 |
| Gao, X | 2 |
| Randell, E | 1 |
| Tian, Y | 1 |
| Zhou, H | 1 |
| Sun, G | 2 |
| Li, D | 1 |
| Tian, YJ | 1 |
| Guo, J | 1 |
| Sun, WP | 1 |
| Lun, YZ | 1 |
| Guo, M | 1 |
| Luo, N | 1 |
| Cao, Y | 1 |
| Cao, JM | 1 |
| Gong, XJ | 1 |
| Zhou, SS | 1 |
| Fan, CY | 1 |
| Wang, MX | 1 |
| Ge, CX | 1 |
| Wang, X | 1 |
| Li, JM | 1 |
| Kong, LD | 1 |
| Matone, A | 1 |
| Scott-Boyer, MP | 1 |
| Carayol, J | 1 |
| Fazelzadeh, P | 1 |
| Lefebvre, G | 1 |
| Valsesia, A | 1 |
| Charon, C | 1 |
| Vervoort, J | 1 |
| Astrup, A | 1 |
| Saris, WH | 1 |
| Morine, M | 1 |
| Hager, J | 1 |
| Schooneman, MG | 1 |
| Houtkooper, RH | 1 |
| Hollak, CE | 1 |
| Wanders, RJ | 1 |
| Vaz, FM | 1 |
| Soeters, MR | 1 |
| Houten, SM | 1 |
| Yao, T | 1 |
| Pini, M | 1 |
| Zhou, Z | 1 |
| Fantuzzi, G | 1 |
| Song, Z | 2 |
| Jacobs, RL | 1 |
| Zhao, Y | 1 |
| Koonen, DP | 1 |
| Sletten, T | 1 |
| Su, B | 1 |
| Lingrell, S | 1 |
| Cao, G | 1 |
| Peake, DA | 1 |
| Kuo, MS | 1 |
| Proctor, SD | 1 |
| Kennedy, BP | 1 |
| Dyck, JR | 1 |
| Vance, DE | 1 |
| Kathirvel, E | 1 |
| Morgan, K | 1 |
| Nandgiri, G | 1 |
| Sandoval, BC | 1 |
| Caudill, MA | 1 |
| Bottiglieri, T | 1 |
| French, SW | 1 |
| Morgan, TR | 1 |
| Fernández-Fígares, I | 1 |
| Lachica, M | 1 |
| Martín, A | 1 |
| Nieto, R | 1 |
| González-Valero, L | 1 |
| Rodríguez-López, JM | 1 |
| Aguilera, JF | 1 |
| Zeisel, SH | 2 |
| Xie, W | 1 |
| Wood, AR | 1 |
| Lyssenko, V | 1 |
| Weedon, MN | 1 |
| Knowles, JW | 1 |
| Alkayyali, S | 1 |
| Assimes, TL | 1 |
| Quertermous, T | 1 |
| Abbasi, F | 1 |
| Paananen, J | 1 |
| Häring, H | 1 |
| Hansen, T | 1 |
| Pedersen, O | 1 |
| Smith, U | 1 |
| Laakso, M | 1 |
| Dekker, JM | 1 |
| Nolan, JJ | 1 |
| Groop, L | 1 |
| Ferrannini, E | 1 |
| Adam, KP | 1 |
| Gall, WE | 1 |
| Frayling, TM | 1 |
| Walker, M | 1 |
| Patrick, L | 1 |
| Wijekoon, EP | 1 |
| Hall, B | 1 |
| Ratnam, S | 1 |
| Brosnan, ME | 1 |
| Brosnan, JT | 1 |
| Cave, M | 1 |
| Deaciuc, I | 1 |
| Mendez, C | 1 |
| Joshi-Barve, S | 1 |
| Barve, S | 1 |
| McClain, C | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bedside to Bench and Back: Cardiometabolic Effects of Betaine Supplementation[NCT01950039] | Phase 2 | 28 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2014-01-31 | Completed | ||
| Systems Biology Approach to Understand Dietary Modulation of Gene Expression and Metabolic Pathways in Subjects With Abnormal Glucose Metabolism (Sysdimet)[NCT00573781] | Phase 2 | 106 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2007-09-30 | Completed | ||
| Effect of Whole Grain Rich Diet on Insulin Sensitivity in Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome[NCT00945854] | 60 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-03-31 | Completed | |||
| Effects of Choline Supplementation on Fetal Growth in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus[NCT04302168] | 60 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2020-04-01 | Recruiting | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Glucose tolerance was assessed by oral glucose tolerance, assessed using the change from baseline for fasting and 2 hour glucose, and change in Glucose AUC at 12 weeks from baseline was measured. (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks
| Intervention | mg*min/dL (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Betaine | 340 |
| Placebo | -413 |
Intrahepatic triglyceride levels were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Siemens 3T TIM Skyra, software version VD13; Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks
| Intervention | percent change in hepatic triglyceride (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Betaine | -0.01 |
| Placebo | -0.03 |
Brachial artery reactivity to flow and nitroglycerin stimuli, assessed as percent change from baseline (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks
| Intervention | percent change from baseline (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Percent change in flow-mediated dilation | Percent change in nitroglycerine-mediated dilation | |
| Betaine | -0.5 | -0.9 |
| Placebo | -1.9 | -0.9 |
Glucose levels were analyzed in the fasting state and two hours after glucose load, comparing baseline to 12 weeks. (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: baseline and 12 weeks
| Intervention | mg/dl (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| fasting glucose | 2-hour glucose | |
| Betaine | -5 | 7 |
| Placebo | 3 | -4 |
"Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp at baseline and at end of study (12 weeks) for assessment of:~glucose disposal (M) at low (25 mU/m2/min) and high (180 mU/m2/min) insulin infusion rates, reported as raw data~measurement of endogenous glucose production at basal and low insulin infusion (25 mU/m2/min), reported as change from measures at baseline of individual study days" (NCT01950039)
Timeframe: Baseline and 12 weeks
| Intervention | umol/kg/min (Mean) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose Utilization (M), 25 mU/m2/min, baseline | Glucose Utilization (M), 25 mU/m2/min, 12 weeks | Glucose Utilization (M), 180 mU/m2/min, baseline | Glucose Utilization (M), 180 mU/m2/min, 12 weeks | Endogenous Glucose Production, basal insulin | Endogenous Glucose Production, 25 mU/m2/min | |
| Betaine | 90.4 | 110.9 | 406.8 | 458.1 | .03 | -0.01 |
| Placebo | 62.8 | 73.5 | 332.6 | 393.7 | -0.01 | -0.12 |
Peripheral insulin sensitivity was assessed by FSIGT. A glucose dose of 300 mg/kg body weight was given intravenously followed by a bolus of 0.03 U/kg of insulin injected after 20 min. Blood samples were frequently collected for 3 h for the measurement of plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations, utilized to calculate the insulin sensitivity index Si (NCT00945854)
Timeframe: 12 weeks
| Intervention | 104xmin-1/microU/ml (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Wholegrain Cereal Diet | 3.03 |
| Refined Cereal Diet | 3.15 |
Blood samples during the standard meal test were drawn from an antecubital vein after a 12 h overnight fast and 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min postprandial for the measurement of plasma insulin response reported as average mean postprandial increment. (NCT00945854)
Timeframe: 12 weeks
| Intervention | (microU/mlx3hrs) (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Wholegrain Cereal Diet | 50.01 |
| Refined Cereal Diet | 64.4 |
Blood samples during the standard meal test were drawn from an antecubital vein after a 12 h overnight fast and 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min postprandial for the measurement of triglyceride response reported as average mean postprandial increment. (NCT00945854)
Timeframe: 12 weeks
| Intervention | mg/dlx3hrs (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Wholegrain Cereal Diet | 22.7 |
| Refined Cereal Diet | 47.6 |
6 reviews available for betaine and Insulin Resistance
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The anti-diabetic potential of betaine. Mechanisms of action in rodent models of type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Rodentia | 2022 |
Role of betaine in liver disease-worth revisiting or has the die been cast?
Topics: Betaine; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Transplantation; Non-alcoholic Fa | 2020 |
Effects of betaine on non-alcoholic liver disease.
Topics: Betaine; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Lipogenesis; Liver; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease | 2022 |
Metabolic crosstalk between choline/1-carbon metabolism and energy homeostasis.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Carbon; Choline; Energy Metabolism; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Networks | 2013 |
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: relationship to insulin sensitivity and oxidative stress. Treatment approaches using vitamin E, magnesium, and betaine.
Topics: Antioxidants; Betaine; Fatty Liver; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Lipotropic Agents; Liver; Ma | 2002 |
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: predisposing factors and the role of nutrition.
Topics: Betaine; Cytokines; Dietary Supplements; Environmental Exposure; Fatty Liver; Female; Humans; Insuli | 2007 |
4 trials available for betaine and Insulin Resistance
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Metabolic Effects of Betaine: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Betaine Supplementation in Prediabetes.
Topics: Aged; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Energy Metabolism; Female; H | 2018 |
Diets rich in whole grains increase betainized compounds associated with glucose metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Chromatography, Liquid; Cohort Studies; Diet; Dietary | 2018 |
Diets rich in whole grains increase betainized compounds associated with glucose metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Chromatography, Liquid; Cohort Studies; Diet; Dietary | 2018 |
Diets rich in whole grains increase betainized compounds associated with glucose metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Chromatography, Liquid; Cohort Studies; Diet; Dietary | 2018 |
Diets rich in whole grains increase betainized compounds associated with glucose metabolism.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Chromatography, Liquid; Cohort Studies; Diet; Dietary | 2018 |
Network Analysis of Metabolite GWAS Hits: Implication of CPS1 and the Urea Cycle in Weight Maintenance.
Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Betaine; Caloric Restriction; Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia); Carbamyl Phosp | 2016 |
Impact of dietary betaine and conjugated linoleic acid on insulin sensitivity, protein and fat metabolism of obese pigs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Betaine; Dietary Proteins | 2012 |
19 other studies available for betaine and Insulin Resistance
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Betaine supplementation to rats alleviates disturbances induced by high-fat diet: pleiotropic effects in model of type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Supplements; Insulin Resistance | 2021 |
Concurrent betaine administration enhances exercise-induced improvements to glucose handling in obese mice.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Diet, High-Fat; Fatty Acids; Glucose; Insulin Resistance; Insulins; Liver; Male; M | 2022 |
Association between methyl donor nutrients and metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents.
Topics: Adolescent; Betaine; Body Mass Index; Choline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Status; Human | 2022 |
The interactive relationship of dietary choline and betaine with physical activity on circulating creatine kinase (CK), metabolic and glycemic markers, and anthropometric characteristics in physically active young individuals.
Topics: Adolescent; Betaine; Choline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Exercise; Humans; Insulin Resistance; U | 2023 |
Identification of pathognomonic purine synthesis biomarkers by metabolomic profiling of adolescents with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Adolescent; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Betaine; Biomarkers; Biosynthetic Pathways; Chromatography, | 2020 |
Trimethylamine N-oxide levels are associated with NASH in obese subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Bile Acids and Salts; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Choline; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female | 2021 |
Effect of betaine on hepatic insulin resistance through FOXO1-induced NLRP3 inflammasome.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Carrier Proteins; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Forkhead Box Protein O1; Gene Express | 2017 |
Betaine Supplementation Enhances Lipid Metabolism and Improves Insulin Resistance in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.
Topics: 3T3-L1 Cells; Adipocytes, White; Adipogenesis; Adiposity; Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Anti-Ob | 2018 |
Low serum choline and high serum betaine levels are associated with favorable components of metabolic syndrome in Newfoundland population.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Choline; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Lipids; | 2019 |
Nicotinamide supplementation induces detrimental metabolic and epigenetic changes in developing rats.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Choline; CpG Islands; Dietary Supplements; DNA; DNA Damage; DNA Methylation; Epige | 2013 |
Betaine supplementation protects against high-fructose-induced renal injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cytokines; Dietary Supplements; Dyslipidemias; Fructose; Hyperuricemia; Inflammati | 2014 |
The impact of altered carnitine availability on acylcarnitine metabolism, energy expenditure and glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese mice.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Carnitine; Dietary Fats; Energy Metabolism; Glucose Intolerance; Insulin Resistanc | 2016 |
High dietary choline and betaine intake is associated with low insulin resistance in the Newfoundland population.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Blood Glucose; Choline; Diet; Diet Surveys; Fasting; Feeding Behavior; Female; Human | 2017 |
Betaine improved adipose tissue function in mice fed a high-fat diet: a mechanism for hepatoprotective effect of betaine in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Topics: Adipokines; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Betaine; Dietary Fats; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Fatty Liver; Insu | 2010 |
Impaired de novo choline synthesis explains why phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase-deficient mice are protected from diet-induced obesity.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Choline; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dietary Supplements; Energy Metabolism; Fatty Liver; | 2010 |
Betaine improves nonalcoholic fatty liver and associated hepatic insulin resistance: a potential mechanism for hepatoprotection by betaine.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Betaine; Blotting, Western; Cells, Cultured; Dietary Fats; Fatty Live | 2010 |
Betaine and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: back to the future?
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Fatty Liver; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Liver Transplan | 2011 |
Genetic variants associated with glycine metabolism and their role in insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes.
Topics: Adult; Betaine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Glycine; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Male; Middle | 2013 |
Homocysteine metabolism in ZDF (type 2) diabetic rats.
Topics: Animals; Betaine; Cells, Cultured; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologi | 2005 |