betadex and Carbon-Tetrachloride-Poisoning

The present study evaluated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of the flavonoid naringenin (NGN) and its β-cyclodextrin formulation at a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. The assessment was done by the investigation of serum-enzymatic and liver antioxidant activity, histopathological and ultrastructural changes in male Swiss mice, which were subjected to acute experimental intoxication with CCl4. Formulated and free flavonoid were orally given to mice for 7 days and then were intraperitoneally injected with 1.0 mL/kg CCl4 on the 8th day. After 24 h of CCl4 administration, an increase in the levels of transaminases aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities and malondialdehyde concentration occurred and a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase, catalase glutathione-peroxidase activities, and glutathione levels was detected as well. These were accompanied by extended centrilobular necrosis, steatosis, fibrosis, and an altered ultrastructure of hepatocytes. Pretreatment with formulated or free flavonoid retained the biochemical markers to control values. Histopathological and electron-microscopic examination confirmed the biochemical results. In conclusion, both NGN and NGN/β-cyclodextrin complex showed antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against injuries induced by CCl4.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; beta-Cyclodextrins; Cacao; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Citrus; Drug Delivery Systems; Flavanones; Lipid Peroxidation; Liver; Male; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Rats, Wistar; Solanum lycopersicum; Superoxide Dismutase

The present study investigated the capacity of formulated Berberis vulgaris extract/β-cyclodextrin to protect liver against CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Formulated and non-formulated extracts were given orally (50 mg/kg/day) to mice for 7 days and were then intra-peritoneally injected with 1.0 mL/kg CCl(4) on the 8th day. After 24 h of CCl(4) administration, an increase in the levels of apartate-amino-transferase (AST), alanine-amino-transferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was found and a significant decrease in superoxide-dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) levels could be detected. This was accompanied by extended centrilobular necrosis, steatosis, fibrosis and an altered ultrastructure of hepatocytes. Pre-treatment with formulated or non-formulated extract suppressed the increase in ALT, AST and MDA levels and restored the level of antioxidant enzymes at normal values. Histopathological and electron-microscopic examination showed milder liver damage in both pre-treated groups and the protective effect was more pronounced after the formulated extract was administered. Internucleosomal DNA fragmentation induced by CCl(4) was reduced in the group which received non-formulated extract and absent in the group which received formulated extract. Taken together, our results suggest that Berberis vulgaris/β-cyclodextrin treatment prevents hepatic injury induced by CCl(4) and can be considered for further nutraceutical studies.

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Berberis; beta-Cyclodextrins; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Liver; Male; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Oxidoreductases; Plant Extracts