beta-escin and Heart-Diseases

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a least diagnosed complication of diabetes. Inflammation and oxidative stress play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of cardiomyopathy and neuropathy. Escin has anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant activity. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of escin in the management of CAN. Diabetes was induced in Sprague Dawley rats with streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic animals were randomized in different groups after 6 weeks. Animals in the diabetic control group received no treatment, while animals in other groups received escin at dose 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg for 4 weeks. One group was kept as normal control. Various parameters like basic hemodynamic parameters, heart rate variability (HRV), oxidative stress parameters, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were assessed at the end of study. Escin significantly normalized hemodynamic parameters and HRV as compared to diabetic animals. Escin significantly reduced the malondialdehyde level and significantly increased reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels in diabetic animals. Escin treatment significantly reduced plasma MMP-9 level in diabetic rats. The improvement in the studied parameters was found mainly with administration of higher doses of escin (10 and 20 mg/kg). The escin treatment mitigates CAN in diabetic rats. The results of study indicate that escin can be useful option for management of CAN.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Catalase; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Neuropathies; Escin; Glutathione; Heart; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Male; Malondialdehyde; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidative Stress; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxide Dismutase; Vagus Nerve

This study aims to investigate whether Escin (ES) can protect against Cyclophosphamide (CPM)-induced cardiac damage. The experimental rats were categorized as Control, CPM (200 mg/kg), ES (10 mg/kg), and CPM + ES Groups, each having 6 members. Their heart tissues were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and the structural changes were investigated under the light microscope. The biochemical markers of ischemia modified albumin (IMA), creatine kinase (CK-MB), antioxidant activity indicators Catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured using blood samples. Besides, the effects of CPM, ES, and CPM + ES upon CAT and SOD activities were shown via molecular docking studies. In the Single-Dose CPM group, CK-MB and IMA levels significantly increased while SOD and CAT levels significantly decreased. However, the heart tissues were damaged. CK-MB and IMA levels significantly decreased in CP+ ES Group. On the other hand, SOD, and CAT levels significantly increased and reduced the damage remarkably. Our findings showed that ES treatment successfully reduced the toxic effects upon the rats. The conclusion is that ES treatment can help protect the heart tissue against CPM-induced toxicity. Both in-vivo results and molecular modeling studies showed that the negative effects of CPM upon SOD activity were bigger than that of CAT.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Cardiotoxicity; Catalase; Creatine Kinase, MB Form; Cyclophosphamide; Disease Models, Animal; Escin; Heart Diseases; Male; Molecular Docking Simulation; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxidative Stress; Protein Conformation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Serum Albumin, Human; Structure-Activity Relationship; Superoxide Dismutase

The incidence of acute renal failure following cardiac surgery was markedly increased during the last years in our medical center. There was no correlation to known etiologic factors such as preexisting disease, hemolysis, low perfusion rates, post-operative low output syndrome etc. Post-operative renal failure was mainly seen in children between 2 and 10 years and was noted after 3-4 days of normal renal function. Peritoneal dialysis was carried out in 39% of out patients and the overall mortality was 10.7%. Careful analysis of our cases exhibited a correlation of the post operative acute renal failure to the intravenous application of Aescin. After abandoning this drug from our post-operative therapy we did not observe a similar case since almost one year.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Child; Child, Preschool; Escin; Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Peritoneal Dialysis; Postoperative Complications; Saponins; Time Factors