beta-escin and Acute-Disease

Organophosphorus exposure affects different organs such as skeletal muscles, the gastrointestinal tract, liver, lung, and brain. The present experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of escin on cerebral edema induced by acute omethoate poisoning. Sprague-Dawley rats were administered subcutaneously with omethoate at a single dose of 60 mg/kg followed by escin treatment. The results showed that escin reduced the brain water content and the amount of Evans blue in omethoate-poisoned animals. Treatment with escin decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) in the brain. Escin also alleviated the histopathological change induced by acute omethoate poisoning. The findings demonstrated that escin can attenuate cerebral edema induced by acute omethoate poisoning, and the underlying mechanism was associated with ameliorating the permeability of the blood-brain barrier.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Edema; Cardiovascular Agents; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dimethoate; Dinoprostone; Escin; Insecticides; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Permeability; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

We investigated the effects of escins Ia, Ib, and IIb isolated from horse chestnut, the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum L., and desacylescins I and II obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of escins on acute inflammation in animals (p.o.). Escins Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb (50-200 mg/kg) inhibited the increase of vascular permeability induced by both acetic acid in mice and histamine in rats. Escins Ib, IIa, and IIb (50-200 mg/kg) also inhibited that induced by serotonin in rats, but escin Ia didn't. Escins Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb (200 mg/kg) inhibited the hind paw edema induced by carrageenin at the first phase in rats. Escin Ia (200 mg/kg) and escins Ib, IIa, and IIb (50-200 mg/kg) inhibited the scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 in mice, but escin Ia was weakest. Desacylescins I and II (200 mg/kg) showed no effect. With regard to the relationship between their chemical structures and activities, the acyl groups in escins were essential. Escins Ib, IIa, and IIb with either the 21-angeloyl group or the 2'-O-xylopyranosyl moiety showed more potent activities than escin Ia which had both the 21-tigloyl group and the 2'-O-glucopyranosyl moiety.

Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Behavior, Animal; Capillary Permeability; Edema; Escin; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Seeds; Structure-Activity Relationship

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Escin; Female; Gels; Heparin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phospholipids; Postoperative Care; Postphlebitic Syndrome; Thrombophlebitis; Varicose Veins

Clinical presentation of acute thrombophlebitis affecting lower limbs, classification of its forms and the response of the patients to essaven-gel are reviewed. Indications to such treatment are provided. High efficacy of essaven-gel is stated.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Escin; Female; Fibrinolytic Agents; Gels; Heparin; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phospholipids; Thrombophlebitis