beta-carotene and Renal-Insufficiency--Chronic

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) occasionally need to restrict their consumption of vegetables and fruits. However, recent evidence suggests that plant-based diets have beneficial effects in patients with CKD. We aimed to determine the sufficiency of β carotene and dietary fiber intake in patients with CKD. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 4476 patients registered in the Fukuoka Kidney Disease Registry (FKR) study, a Japanese prospective cohort study of patients with CKD. Data from 3545 patients were analyzed after excluding cases with insufficient information. We evaluated the relationship between CKD stages and the intake of vegetables and fruits. The intake of β carotene and dietary fiber in CKD stages was evaluated using analysis of covariance. As the CKD stage advanced, the intake of vegetables, green leafy vegetables, and fruits significantly decreased (P-value for all trends < 0.01). The intake of vegetables significantly decreased as the CKD stage advanced (P for trend < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, the intake of β carotene and dietary fiber also decreased (both P < 0.01) as the CKD stage advanced. Patients with CKD had insufficient vegetable and fruit intake and a lack of β carotene and dietary fiber from vegetables and fruits.

Topics: beta Carotene; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Fiber; Fruit; Humans; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Vegetables

Topics: Aged; beta Carotene; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Eating; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mindfulness; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Self-Management

Antioxidants are widely used for prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress and ischemic disorder. We investigated the hypothesis of antioxidants (α-tocopherol and β-carotene) can suppress the renal disorder in apo E-/-mice. Renal damage induced by chronic infusion of Angiotensin II (Ang II) into 4 month old male apo E-/-mice. After that the mice were treated with diet enriched α tocopherol and β carotene (800 mg/kg) for 150 days. Ang II treated kidney showed polycystic appearance with accumulation of clear fluid and constriction of renal artery and renal vein was noticed. Vacuolar/cystic degeneration as well as inflammatory reactions was noticed in the tubules/glomerulus of Ang II treated mice. β carotene treated mice showed enormous numbers of regenerated tubules in the kidney and over expression of ICAM proteins in the regenerated tubules. CD 45.2, MAC 3 proteins were over expressed in the inflammatory cells infiltrated into the tubular region of Ang II treated kidney. Gene expression studies revealed up regulation of Renin 1 (Ren 1) and PPARγ genes in the kidney of Ang II treated animals, but the β carotene treatment controlled the expression of these genes in the regenerated kidneys. β carotene may have protective effective on chronic renal disorder. It may repress the inflammatory genes (Ren 1, PPARγ) to achieve the protective effect on Ang II induced renal damage.

Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Apolipoproteins E; beta Carotene; Cell Movement; Female; Inflammation; Kidney Glomerulus; Kidney Tubules, Proximal; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Polycystic Kidney Diseases; PPAR gamma; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Renin