beta-carotene and Osteoporosis--Postmenopausal

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass, reduced bone strength, and increased fracture risk. We aimed to investigate the association between combined dietary antioxidant intake and the likelihood of osteoporosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.. Nutrient intake data were obtained using two 24-hour recalls. Composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI), which refers to the intake amounts of β-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, copper, and iron, was then constructed. Prevalent osteoporosis was defined according to bone mineral density T scores of ≤ -2.5 and self-reports. Multiple logistic and Poisson regression models were used for association analyses.. A total of 3,418 participants (1,157 premenopausal and 2,261 postmenopausal women) 40 years or older were included, 776 (22.70%) of whom had prevalent osteoporosis. In terms of individual nutrients, postmenopausal women in the highest CDAI quartiles for dietary β-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin C, and iron intakes had a low likelihood of osteoporosis. Regarding the CDAI-osteoporosis association, postmenopausal women in the highest quartile were less likely to have osteoporosis (OR Q3 vs Q1 , 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43-0.96; OR Q4 vs Q1 , 0.56; 95% CI, 0.35-0.89; P for trend = 0.013), after controlling for covariates.. CDAI was negatively associated with the likelihood of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Our findings suggest that the combined intake of antioxidant nutrients can help reduce the likelihood of osteoporosis in women.

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Bone Density; Diet; Eating; Female; Humans; Iron; Nutrition Surveys; Osteoporosis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Postmenopause; United States; Vitamin A; Vitamins

Objective To examine the relationship between nutritional intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Korean women. Methods Dietary intake was recorded in postmenopausal Korean women using a semiquantitative questionnaire. The frequency of consumption of various food groups and nutrient intake were calculated. BMD T-scores were measured at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Associations between T-scores and dietary intake were analysed using partial correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression analysis. Results A total of 189 postmenopausal women were included in the study. β-Carotene intake was positively correlated with the lumbar spine T-score. Sodium and vitamin C intake were positively associated and folate intake negatively associated with the femoral neck T-score. Sodium, zinc and vitamin C intake were positively correlated and potassium intake was negatively correlated with the total hip T-score. Vegetable intake showed a positive association with the femoral neck and total hip T-scores. Conclusion In postmenopausal Korean women, β-carotene, vitamin C, zinc and sodium intakes were positively associated with bone mass. Furthermore, frequency of vegetable consumption was positively associated with femoral neck and total hip T-scores.

Topics: Aged; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Bone Density; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Female; Femur Neck; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Pelvic Bones; Postmenopause; Republic of Korea; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vegetables; Zinc

Osteoporosis, which has become a serious public health concern, is influenced by diet, especially calcium intake. Dairy products are a good source of calcium, but plant calcium may also be important in populations that do not consume a large amount of milk. The purpose of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that calcium from vegetable sources is associated with osteoporosis risk and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Korean women with osteoporosis and age-matched controls (N = 144). The results of multivariate-adjusted regression analyses indicated that the intake of calcium, plant calcium, potassium, vitamin A, carotene, vitamin B(1), niacin, vitamin E, vitamin C, and vegetables was associated with significantly reduced risk of osteoporosis after adjusting for age, body mass index, hormone replacement therapy, and energy intake. In addition, intake of vegetables alone, as well as calcium, plant calcium, potassium, and antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene), which are abundant in vegetables, was significantly and positively associated with bone mineral density. However, in this population of low-dairy consumers, intake of calcium from meat and dairy products was not related to risk of osteoporosis and bone mineral density. Our results suggest that high dietary intake of calcium, especially plant calcium, reduces the risk of osteoporosis and increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal Korean women. Vegetables may be an important source of calcium and may also provide vitamins and minerals that exert additional beneficial effects on the bone.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Asian People; beta Carotene; Body Mass Index; Bone Density; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Case-Control Studies; Diet; Energy Intake; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Plant Extracts; Regression Analysis; Risk Factors; Vegetables; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

The effect of beta-cryptoxanthin, a kind of carotenoid, on ovariectomy-induced bone loss was investigated. beta-cryptoxanthin was isolated from Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshu. MARC). beta-cryptoxanthin (5 or 10 microg/100 g body weight) was orally administered once daily for 3 months to ovariectomized (OVX) rats. OVX induced a significant increase in body weight and a significant decrease in serum calcium and inorganic phosphorus concentrations as compared with those of sham-operated (control) rats. These alterations induced by OVX were significantly prevented by the administration of beta-cryptoxanthin (5 or 10 microg/100 g). The analysis using a peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) showed that OVX induced a significant decrease in mineral content and mineral density in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues and polar strength strain index in the metaphyseal tissues. These decreases were significantly prevented by the administration of beta-cryptoxanthin (5 or 10 microg/100 g). Moreover, OVX induced a significant decrease in calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content in the metaphyseal tissues. These decreases were significantly prevented by the administration of beta-cryptoxanthin (5 or 10 microg/100 g). This study demonstrates that beta-cryptoxanthin has a preventive effect on OVX-induced bone loss in vivo.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticarcinogenic Agents; beta Carotene; Body Weight; Bone Density; Bone Resorption; Cryptoxanthins; Female; Femur; Humans; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Ovariectomy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Xanthophylls