benzofurans and Angina-Pectoris

Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been widely used in China and, to a lesser extent, in Japan, the United States, and other European countries for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In China, the specific clinical use is angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia, and acute ischemic stroke. The current review covers its traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetics, clinical applications, and potential herb-drug interactions based on information obtained in both the English and Chinese literature. Although numerous clinical trials have demonstrated that certain Danshen products in China are effective and safe for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, most of these lack sufficient quality. Therefore, large randomized clinical trials and further scientific research to determine its mechanism of actions will be necessary to ensure the safety, effectiveness, and better understanding of its action.

Topics: Abietanes; Angina Pectoris; Animals; Benzofurans; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Fibrinolytic Agents; Herb-Drug Interactions; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Lactates; Phenanthrenes; Phenanthrolines; Plant Extracts; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Salvia miltiorrhiza; Stroke

In patients without heart failure and with exercise-induced angina pectoris, betablockers are still the treatment of choice. The pharmacological differences within the betablockers are of minor importance clinically. Patients with angina at rest, or with a considerably changing effort threshold, are suspect for additional coronary spasms. Here calcium antagonists, and possibly nitrates, should be given first. A combination of these three treatments often proves beneficial. Amiodarone, which in the beginning was only rarely used because of its complex pharmacokinetics, is now generally accepted as an effective and well-tolerated drug for angina. In unstable angina, medical treatment varies according to the differing clinical symptoms. In addition to immobilization and anticoagulation, prolonged pain attacks are treated with intravenous nitrates. If the symptoms persist, combination of antianginal drugs as described above, sometimes in high doses, is necessary in order to postpone selective coronary angiography and bypass operation by one to two weeks. Otherwise these procedures must be performed after intraaortic balloon pumping has been instituted.

Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Angina, Unstable; Benzofurans; Calcium Channel Blockers; Humans; Nitroglycerin

Although synthesized as a coronary dilator for use as an antianginal agent over 20 years ago, amiodarone hydrochloride has recently drawn much attention as a potent antiarrhythmic compound for the control of a variety of cardiac dysrhythmias. The rapidly expanding clinical and experimental data continue to emphasize the unusual electrophysiologic, pharmacologic, and especially pharmacokinetic properties of this benzofuran derivative. The compound is a potent coronary dilator and has minimal negative inotropic propensity of a direct nature while exhibiting a mild degree of noncompetitive sympathetic antagonism. Pharmacokinetically, it has a long elimination half-life with a correspondingly long and variable latency of onset of therapeutic effect. Electrophysiologically, the drug has the propensity to lengthen the action potential duration and hence the voltage-dependent effective refractory period in all cardiac tissues after long-term, rather than short-term, administration. It has little effect on depolarization, conduction velocity, or the slow response. The precise ionic mechanisms mediating its effects on repolarization are not known. Clinically, the electrophysiologic effects of the drug differ significantly when it is given by mouth over a longer period and when it is given intravenously, a difference that remains to be explained in terms of mechanism. These differences, however, account for the varying spectrum of the drug's action after single intravenous doses (when its antiarrhythmic effects are essentially explained by the drug's action on the atrioventricular node and possibly its antiadrenergic actions) in comparison to long-term oral administration, which predictably suppresses ectopic activity and lengthens the effective refractory period in all cardiac tissues. These features may account for the drug's remarkable efficacy in the control of supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The safe and rational therapeutic uses of amiodarone as an antiarrhythmic agent presuppose detailed understanding of its manifold pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties.

Topics: Action Potentials; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Electrophysiology; Heart; Heart Conduction System; Hemodynamics; Humans; Kinetics; Thyroid Hormones; Triiodothyronine; Vasodilation

Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Myocardial Contraction; Oxygen Consumption; Parasympatholytics; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal; Thyroid Gland; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilator Agents; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Electromyography; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Lipid Metabolism; Microscopy, Electron; Movement Disorders; Muscles; Nervous System Diseases; Paresthesia; Perhexiline; Peripheral Nerves; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pigments, Biological; Piperidines; Polyradiculoneuropathy; Schwann Cells; Skin; Tremor

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lyophilized Salvia salt of lithospermic acid powder for injection (SSLA) in treating coronary heart diseases angina pectoris (CHD-AP) of Xin-blood stasis syndrome type, and to conduct the non-inferiority trial with Danshen injection (DSI) as positive control.. An non-inferiority clinical layered, segmented, randomized, and blinded trial on three parallel and multiple centered groups was conducted in 480 patients with stable effort angina grade I, II and III, who had two or more times of attack every week. The 240 patients in test group A were treated with SSLA 200 mg added in 250 ml of 5% glucose solution for intravenous dripping every day; the 120 patients in test group B were treated with SSLA but the dosage doubled; and the 120 patients in the control group were treated with DSI 20 ml daily in the same method as SSLA was given. The clinical effectiveness and safety were evaluated after the patients were treated for 14 days.. The results showed that the markedly effective rate in test groups A, B and control group was 37.45%, 36.75% and 30.09% respectively, while the total effective rate in them was 88.09%, 89.74% and 67.26% respectively. Statistical significance was shown in comparisons of the therapeutic effect between control group with test group A and test group B, with that in the two test groups superior to that in the control group, and non-inferiority trial showed eligibility (P < 0.01). Adverse reaction appeared in 8 patients in the test groups and 2 in the control group.. SSLA has definite therapeutic effect in treating patients with CHD-AP, with its effect not inferior to that of DSI, and no evident toxic-adverse reaction.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Depsides; Double-Blind Method; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; Freeze Drying; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Lithospermum; Male; Middle Aged; Phytotherapy; Salvia; Salvia miltiorrhiza

Topics: Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Exertion

To asses haemodynamic effects of short and long term amiodarone on ischaemia-induced left ventricular dysfunction and to compare them with those of glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin), beta-blocking and calcium antagonist drugs, 19 patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease were studied. All patients underwent simultaneous right heart catheterisation and equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography at rest and during symptom-limited supine bicycle exercise. After control measurements without antianginal therapy, 10 patients received 7.5 mg/kg amiodarone intravenously over 5 minutes (short term study) followed by oral administration of amiodarone for 3 weeks (long term study). The remaining 9 patients were studied following the randomised administration of glyceryl trinitrate (0.8 mg sublingually), metoprolol (0.15 mg/kg intravenously) and nifedipine (5 ng/kg/min). During exercise known to provoke angina pectoris without therapy (control study), amiodarone improved myocardial oxygen consumption by reducing heart rate and systolic blood pressure without the negative inotropic effects seen after acute beta-adrenoceptor blockade. Comparisons with the haemodynamic profiles of other antianginal drugs suggest that amiodarone may be most effective when combined with glyceryl trinitrate or nifedipine for the treatment of ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction.

Topics: Adult; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Metoprolol; Middle Aged; Nifedipine; Nitroglycerin

Amiodarone is a potent coronary vasodilator; it has alpha and beta receptor-antagonist activity and is well-known for its marked antiarrhythmic efficacy. This report describes the results of a randomized study of amiodarone in unstable angina. 40 patients (33 male, 7 female; mean age: 55) with unstable angina entered the study. They were randomized into two treatment groups. In group I (20 cases), amiodarone was the first drug applied (during the first 3 days; 1500 mg/24 hours IV + 200 mg orally every 8th hour; from day 4 onwards: 200 mg orally 3 times daily). If, after 8 hours following initiation of treatment, the symptoms were still present or recurred, nifedipine was added at a dose of 10 mg 4 times daily. In case of failure of the combined medical treatment, coronary angiography and, if needed, surgery was performed after 16 hours. In group II (20 cases), nifedipine was given as the first drug and at a dose of 10 mg every 6th hour. If, after 8 hours, this therapy failed, amiodarone was added according to the scheme previously described. In case of failure of the combined therapy, coronary angiography and surgery were performed. In group I, amiodarone was successful within 8 hours in 12 cases. None of the non-responders was improved by the addition of nifedipine. In group II, nifedipine was successful within 8 hours in 6 cases (p = 0.086). Among the 14 non-responders, amiodarone controlled the anginal episodes in 11 instances (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Angina, Unstable; Benzofurans; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Nifedipine; Random Allocation

Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Complex examination including continuous long-term observation by means of a computer showed that because of a wide spectrum of action cordaron is among the effective agents for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. The capacity of cordaron to reduce the zone of myocardial damage makes its use expedient in the acute period of myocardial infarction. Long-term treatment of patients suffering from chronic ischemic disease of the heart with cordaron raises the tolerance to physical exercise and improves myocardial nutrition. The coronarolytic effect of cordaron is evidently associated to a definite measure with the action of the agent on adenosine metabolism, which is manifested in an increase in its production and inhibition of its inactivation.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coronary Disease; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction

Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Myocardial Contraction; Oxygen Consumption; Parasympatholytics; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal; Thyroid Gland; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilator Agents; Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Benzyl Alcohols; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dipyridamole; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alcohols; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Electrocardiography; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Exercise Test; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cornea; Drug Eruptions; Eye Diseases; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Statistics as Topic

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Electrocardiography; Humans; Ketones; Male; Placebos

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Placebos; Sympatholytics; Vasodilator Agents

After injection of true blue (TB) into the pericardial sac and nuclear yellow (NY) into the left ulnar nerve of rats, most perikarya in the left eighth cervical and first thoracic dorsal root ganglia are single-labeled with either TB or NY. However, 7.1-14.7% of the sensory perikarya from the cardiac area labeled with TB are simultaneously labeled with NY. This finding indicates that some primary sensory perikarya receive processes from both the left arm and the heart. In addition to other mechanisms that may be operative in the referral of pain of cardiac origin to the medial left arm, these results suggest that sensory neurons with dichotomizing somatic and visceral peripheral processes may also contribute to this phenomenon.

Topics: Afferent Pathways; Angina Pectoris; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Benzofurans; Female; Ganglia, Spinal; Heart Conduction System; Neurons, Afferent; Pain; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sensation; Ulnar Nerve

Therapeutic use of the potent antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone requires early detection of impending hyperthyroidism, a potentially life-threatening adverse reaction in cardiac patients. Since amiodarone inhibits peripheral conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3), serum T4 and T3 levels become unreliable parameters of thyroid function. In 44 patients treated with amiodarone for a median period of 7.3 months, up to seven TRH-TSH tests were performed. The TSH response to TRH was normal in 23 patients, partially suppressed in eight, totally suppressed in eight and overshooting in five patients. Two of the eight patients with suppressed TRH-TSH tests were clinically hyperthyroid, in four others thyrotoxicosis developed within 1 to 2 1/2 months after the first observation of a suppressed TSH response, while two patients remained euthyroid. In all patients with negative TRH-TSH tests. TSH response to TRH returned to normal between 2 and 29 months after withdrawal of amiodarone. We conclude that the TRH-TSH test, repeated at intervals, is a reliable tool for assessing thyroid function in patients on long-term treatment with amiodarone. Patients with a suppressed response under amiodarone therapy are at risk of developing thyrotoxicosis. Normalization of the TSH response indicates that this risk is over.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Iodine; Male; Middle Aged; Risk; Thyroid Function Tests; Thyrotropin; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

The haemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects of amiodarone, diltiazem, and glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) were compared in an open study of 18 patients with stable exertional angina using a graded treadmill exercise test. Amiodarone and diltiazem exerted similar antianginal effectiveness as assessed by increases in exercise performance and duration of exercise, as well as decreases in ST-segment depression. The antianginal efficacy of glyceryl trinitrate was somewhat lower than that of the other 2 agents. All the drugs were well tolerated.

Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzazepines; Benzofurans; Diltiazem; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitroglycerin; Physical Exertion

To assess and compare the hemodynamic profile of short-and long-term amiodarone administration in the same set of patients and to investigate hemodynamic mechanisms responsible for the antianginal effect of this drug, 10 patients with documented coronary artery disease and stable angina pectoris were studied. Simultaneous right heart catheterization and equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography were performed at rest and during exercise before therapy (control), after a 5 minute intravenous infusion of 7.5 mg/kg of amiodarone and after 21.0 +/- 4.3 days of peroral therapy (10 days 800 mg/day, 7 days 400 mg/day and then 200 mg/day). After acute drug administration, ejection fraction, stroke index and systolic blood pressure decreased, whereas heart rate, left and right ventricular filling pressures and systemic vascular resistance increased. These effects were reversed after long-term therapy; all measured values returned to control levels except for heart rate, which decreased below the control value, and right atrial pressure, which remained slightly elevated. Amiodarone drug levels decreased from 4.8 +/- 1.8 after intravenous infusion to 1.2 +/- 0.6 mg/liter after long-term therapy. After adjustment for hemodynamic changes at rest, there were still significant reductions in heart rate, mean arterial pressure and rate-pressure product during exercise. It is concluded that the marked negative inotropic effect of amiodarone administered acutely in the dose applied calls for cautious use of this drug when administered intravenously. In contrast, long-term oral amiodarone therapy seems hemodynamically safe, even in patients with moderately depressed left ventricular function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Blood Pressure; Coronary Disease; Exercise Test; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; Stroke Volume; Time Factors; Vascular Resistance

In 23 patients treated with the iodine-containing antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone, the plasma concentrations of amiodarone, desethylamiodarone and iodine have been studied. Besides amiodarone and desethylamiodarone, a pool of iodine-containing substances, NANDAI (non-amiodarone-, non-desethylamiodarone-iodine), was present. At steady state the iodine content of NANDAI amounted to 64% and the iodine content of amiodarone plus desethylamiodarone to 36% of total serum iodine. At steady state 26% of the NANDAI fraction was made up of inorganic iodide, the average plasma concentration of which was at least 40 times above the upper limit of the normal range. The serum elimination half-life of NANDAI of 57-160 days exceeded that of amiodarone (35-68 days) and of desethylamiodarone (31-110 days). At steady state the serum concentration of desethylamiodarone appears to be related to the concentration of amiodarone by a Michaelis-Menten type function, yielding a Km of amiodarone of 2.45 mumol/l and a maximal desethylamiodarone concentration of 3.61 mumol/l.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Iodides; Iodine; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors

Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Humans; Middle Aged

A study was performed to assess whether plasma and myocardial concentrations of amiodarone correlated with changes on the surface electrocardiogram. Nine patients--seven with angina and two with paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia--were treated with oral amiodarone (200-400 mg daily) for at least nine months before undergoing cardiac surgery. QT intervals were measured from lead II of the surface electrocardiograms recorded before amiodarone treatment and immediately before surgery. Patients with prominent U waves after taking amiodarone were excluded from the study. Plasma and myocardial samples were collected at the beginning of the surgical procedure for estimating plasma and myocardial concentrations using the high performance liquid chromatographic technique. Amiodarone caused a significant lengthening of the QTc interval. There was a good correlation between plasma and myocardial concentrations, and both correlated well with the percentage increase in the QTc interval. Although there was a strong correlation between the dosage given (mg/kg/day) and both plasma and myocardial concentrations, the correlation with the percentage increase in the QTc interval was weaker but still highly significant. Despite previous reports to the contrary, the findings indicate that the plasma concentration of amiodarone does correlate well with the myocardial concentration. The degree of lengthening of the QTc interval may be used clinically to estimate the myocardial concentration of amiodarone.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male

Topics: Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzazepines; Benzofurans; Diltiazem; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug Tolerance; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Corneal Diseases; Coronary Vessels; Drug Interactions; Humans; Thyroid Diseases; Tremor

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Heart; Humans; Membrane Potentials

Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Middle Aged

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Drug Evaluation; Humans

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Humans

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Flutter; Benzofurans; Humans; Tachycardia

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Humans; Isosorbide Dinitrate; Perhexiline; Piperidines

The authors report four new cases of hyperthyroidism associated with prolonged treatment with amiodarone. Massive doses of beta-blockers were required to deal with the severely disordered rhythm in one of the patients. Amiodarone, which is an effective treatment for angina, is not free from risk, even at the doses which are currently accepted. Hyperthyroidism, which may occur even in patients who have had no past history of any thyroid troupble at all, remains a most unusual complication.

Topics: Adult; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Pindolol; Propranolol

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Demyelinating Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nervous System Diseases

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Humans; Perhexiline; Piperidines

Topics: Adult; Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Drug Evaluation; Electrocardiography; Exercise Test; Female; Heart; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Time Factors

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Angina Pectoris, Variant; Benzofurans; Drug Evaluation; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Syncope

L 9146 or 2-methyl-3(3,5 dimethyl-4-gamma-di-n-butylaminopropoxy-benzoyl)-benzo [b] thiophene is a substance belonging to the amiodarone series which induces in the anaesthetized dog a decrease of myocardial oxygen consumption which is mainly due to slowing of the heart rate and reduction in systemic blood pressure. L 9146 also enhances coronary blood flow. L 9146 has also antiadrenergic properties since catecholamine-induced hypertension, tachycardia and increase of myocardial oxygen consumption are markedly antagonized; these antiacrenergic effects are not due to a competitive blockade of the beta-adrenoceptors. L 9146 does not decrease cardiac output, but increases it appreciably in the initial phase of its action. Several findings indicate that when the intensity of certain properties is considered, l9146 is more active than aniodarone since only half the dose used with aniodarone is required to achieve a given level of action. The overall haemodynamic properties of L 9146, which are similar to those of amiodarone, are considered to be potentially valuable for the long-term treatment of angina pectoris.

Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Animals; Benzofurans; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Coronary Circulation; Depression, Chemical; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Epinephrine; Female; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Hypertension; Isoproterenol; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Propylamines; Tachycardia; Thiophenes; Vascular Resistance

Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Dipyridamole; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Failure; Heart Function Tests; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Benzyl Alcohols; Blood Coagulation; Coronary Circulation; Coronary Disease; Female; Fibrinogen; Glycogen; Heart; Humans; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardium; Oxygen Consumption; Vasodilator Agents; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Thyroid function was evaluated clinically and biochemically in 12 patients with ischaemic heart disease receiving 200 mg oral amiodarone three times daily for periods up to 6 weeks. During drug administration, no patient developed clinical or laboratory evidence of hypothyroidism, but serum levels of T3 tended to fall and those of T4 increased but not to levels outside the normal range. Amiodarone produced a significant reduction in heart rate with prolongation of the QTc interval of the electrocardiogram without altering either the PR interval or the QRS duration. These effects of the drug were still present 4 weeks after cessation of treatment. In spite of the high iodine content, amiodarone does not, therefore, depress thyroid function to any important degree during chronic administration and its antianginal action does not appear to be caused by the production of generalized hypothyroidism.

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Blood Pressure; Cholesterol; Coronary Disease; Heart Rate; Humans; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Ataxia; Benzofurans; Diethylamines; Humans; Hypertension; Iodobenzenes; Male; Paresthesia; Tremor

Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Anticoagulants; Benzofurans; Electromyography; Humans; Male; Neuromuscular Diseases

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Female; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Thyroid Function Tests

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Female; Humans; Hypothyroidism; Iodine; Myocardial Infarction; Radionuclide Imaging; Thyroid Function Tests

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Heart Block; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sinoatrial Node

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Benzoates; Benzofurans; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Dogs; Ethylamines; Heart Rate; Hypertension; Iodobenzoates; Oxygen Consumption; Propylamines; Tachycardia; Thiophenes; Time Factors

Topics: Age Factors; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Cornea; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Male; Retina; Sex Factors; Time Factors

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Humans; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Animals; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Benzoates; Benzofurans; Blood Pressure; Butylamines; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Output; Cardiac Volume; Coronary Circulation; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epinephrine; Female; Glucagon; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Isoproterenol; Male; Oxygen Consumption; Receptors, Adrenergic; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympatholytics; Time Factors; Vascular Resistance

Topics: Amiodarone; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Practolol

Topics: Adult; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Cornea; Coronary Disease; Electrocardiography; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Phenothiazines; Photosensitivity Disorders; Pigmentation Disorders; Pigments, Biological; Skin; Thioridazine

Topics: Adult; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Humans; Inclusion Bodies; Male; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Phenothiazines; Pigmentation Disorders; Skin

Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Amyl Nitrite; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Chromones; Coronary Disease; Coronary Vessels; Humans; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Nitroglycerin; Papaverine; Sympatholytics; Theophylline; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Humans; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Nitrites; Sympatholytics; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Angina Pectoris; Angiography; Anticoagulants; Benzofurans; Coronary Angiography; Coumarins; Dipyridamole; Exercise Test; Glucose Tolerance Test; Glycolates; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Nitrites; Nitroglycerin; Pain; Thoracic Diseases; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzoates; Benzofurans; Ethylamines; Half-Life; Humans; Iodine; Iodine Isotopes; Kinetics; Methods; Methylamines; Middle Aged; Radiometry; Whole-Body Counting

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Humans

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Biopsy; Cytoplasmic Granules; Female; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Iodine; Lipids; Microscopy, Electron; Middle Aged; Photosensitivity Disorders; Pigmentation Disorders; Pigments, Biological; Skin; Time Factors; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Drug Combinations; Drug Tolerance; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Pain

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Corneal Opacity; Humans

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Cornea; Eye Diseases; Humans

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzoates; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Ethylamines; Exercise Test; Female; Heart; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Flutter; Benzofurans; Cardiac Complexes, Premature; Humans; Tachycardia; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Chloroquine; Cornea; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Chloroquine; Cornea; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Humans

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Corneal Opacity; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Animals; Benzofurans; Cardiovascular System; Coronary Disease; Coronary Vessels; Dogs; Humans; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Drug Tolerance; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Animals; Anticoagulants; Benzofurans; Chronic Disease; Coronary Disease; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction

Topics: Adult; Aged; Angina Pectoris; Antihypertensive Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tachycardia

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Animals; Benzofurans; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Coronary Disease; Dogs; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; Humans; Myocardium; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Bile; Blood Chemical Analysis; Drug Tolerance; Enzymes; Female; Humans; Liver; Liver Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Sulfobromophthalein

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Cornea; Coronary Disease; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged

Topics: Adult; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Eye Diseases; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Cornea; Coronary Disease; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Metabolic Diseases

Topics: Aged; Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Exercise Test; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitroglycerin

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Animals; Anticoagulants; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzofurans; Body Weight; Coumarins; Dogs; Drug Synergism; Humans; Prothrombin Time; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Female; Humans; Male

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Anticoagulants; Benzofurans; Coronary Disease; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Tranquilizing Agents; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Drug Therapy; Furans; Hypothyroidism; Intermittent Claudication; Iodides; Iodine; Toxicology; Vascular Diseases; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Furans; Humans; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Geriatrics; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Electrocardiography; Furans; Geriatrics; Humans; Physical Exertion; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Drug Therapy; Furans; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Drug Tolerance; Electrocardiography; Furans; Geriatrics; Placebos; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Double-Blind Method; Furans; Humans; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Furans

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Cardiovascular Agents; Electrocardiography; Furans; Humans; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Biomedical Research; Cardiovascular Agents; Furans; Humans; Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Double-Blind Method; Furans

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Furans; Humans

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Furans; Humans; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Furans; Syndrome; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Angina Pectoris; Benzofurans; Coumarins