benzofurans and Abortion--Spontaneous

In rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), consumption of food containing commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures, some pure polychlorobiphenyl congeners, 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) caused the same clinical toxic manifestations and histopathologic lesions, although the potencies of the toxicants covered a range of five orders of magnitude. Recovery from poisoning by 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (34TCB) or TCDF was rapid, whereas recovery from poisoning by Aroclor 1242, 3,4,5,3', 4', 5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (345HCB) or TCDD was protracted, if it occurred at all. 34TCB did not appreciably accumulate in body fat, but the level of 345HCB in fat rose steadily during ingestion. In one monkey, 25% of TCDD stored in fat after a single dose was still present after 2 years. Among the symmetrical tetra-and hexachlorobiphenyl isomers tested, subacute oral toxicity could be demonstrated only for those without ortho chlorine substitutions. 34TCB and 345HCB were toxic at dietary levels of less than 1 ppm, but ingestion of food containing 2,5,2',5'- tetrachlorobiphenyl at 5 ppm, or 2,4,5,2',4',5'-, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-, or 2,3,6,2',3',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl at 15 or 65 ppm, caused no discernible deleterious effects. The principal demonstrable histopathological lesions, bone marrow excepted, were metaplasias in some specialized epithelial structures, such as sebaceous glands, nail beds, gastric mucosa, ameloblast, and thymic corpuscles. These changes were interpreted as toxicant-induced, reversible redirection of differentiation. This aberration was wholly reversible. TCDD and 34TCB caused abortions when given in one or a few oral doses early in pregnancy. At the total doses used (1 or 5 micrograms/kg of body weight for TCDD, 3 or 0.6 mg/kg of body weight for 34TCB), maternal toxicity was frequently apparent subsequent to the abortion.

Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Acne Vulgaris; Animals; Benzofurans; Cell Differentiation; Dioxins; Epithelium; Female; Fetus; Gastric Mucosa; Isomerism; Macaca mulatta; Male; Nails; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; Pregnancy; Structure-Activity Relationship

Pregnancy is a kind of natural immune tolerance. Immune factors play an important role in recurrent spontaneous abortion and repeated implantation failure. Salvianolic acid B (SalB) has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and immunomodulatory functions. However, there are few reports on the relationship between SalB and maternal-fetal immune tolerance. In this study, CBA/J × DBA/2 J mice as a spontaneous abortion mouse model were given SalB. The results showed that the abortion rate was significantly decreased after SalB treatment. The populations of Nkp46 and cytotoxic CD8

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Abortion, Spontaneous; Animals; Benzofurans; Chorionic Villi; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Embryo Implantation; Female; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunologic Factors; Inflammation Mediators; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Mice; Pregnancy; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic