bassianolide and Hyperglycemia

In the present study, the hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂), a typical carnivorous fish, was chosen as a model to investigate the regulation of glycogen metabolism owning to its characteristic of glucose intolerance. The variation of plasma glucose concentration, glycogen content, and expressions of glycogen metabolism-related genes under acute hyperglycemia stress were measured. Following glucose administration, plasma glucose concentration increased immediately, and the glucose level remained elevated for at least 12 h. The prolonged glucose clearance and hyperglycemia revealed glucose intolerance of this fish species. Meanwhile, the glycogen content in both liver and muscle changed significantly during the clearance of plasma glucose. However, the peak value of hepatic glycogen (1 and 12 h post injection) appeared much earlier than muscle (3 and 24 h post injection). To investigate the regulation of glycogen metabolism from molecular aspect, the complete coding sequence (CDS) of glycogen synthase (GS) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) in both liver and muscle types were obtained, encoding a polypeptide of 704, 711, 853, and 842 amino acid residues, respectively. The results of gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of liver type and muscle type GS was significantly higher than other time points at 12 and 24 h post glucose injection, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest expressions of GP in both liver and muscle types occurred at 24 h post glucose injection. The response of GS and GP to glucose load may account for the variation of glycogen content at the transcriptional level to some extent.

Topics: Animals; Bass; Blood Glucose; Fish Diseases; Glycogen; Glycogen Synthase; Hyperglycemia; Phosphorylases; Stress, Physiological

A portable electro-immobilization and laparoscopy system is described that is suitable for sex determination, gonadal biopsy and immediate release of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. Continuous direct current at a power density of 52·2 µW cm⁻¹ for 2 min was sufficient to immobilize fish for surgery, but induced a mild, transient hypokalaemia and hyperglycaemia. Insertion of a 4·8 mm laparoscopic instrument set through the urogenital pore provided access to the gonads for examination and biopsy with mild tissue trauma.

Topics: Animals; Bass; Biopsy; Electricity; Gonads; Hyperglycemia; Hypokalemia; Immobilization; Laparoscopy; Sex Determination Analysis