bacampicillin and Urinary-Tract-Infections

Topics: Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Cross Infection; Drug Combinations; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Penicillin Resistance; Premedication; Proteus Infections; Pseudomonas Infections; Pyelonephritis; Sulfamethoxazole; Surgical Wound Infection; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Respiratory Tract Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

Specimens were examined from 70 female presenting with urinary tract infection. 50 patients were randomly treated with 7 days amoxicillin or bacampicillin and another 20 randomly received amoxicillin or enoxacin. Effective clearance of the infections was achieved with each antibiotic, and only minor side effects occurred. Bacteriological analyses of the urogenital flora demonstrated a relationship between urethral carriage and bladder infection, with Escherichia coli being the most common pathogen. Antibiotic resistant E. coli were isolated more frequently from the bladder, urethra, introitus and rectum following amoxicillin treatment compared to bacampicillin and enoxacin. An examination of the urogenital flora post therapy showed that an indigenous lactobacillus population had not been restored in the majority of patients. Rather, uropathogenic bacteria were found to dominate the urethra and introitus. The effects of antibiotics on urogenital flora is clearly a matter of importance. Future clinical trials should address this. It may be that artificial supplementation of indigenous bacteria is necessary to restore the flora back to normality.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Enoxacin; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Random Allocation; Urinary Tract Infections; Urogenital System

Sultamicillin is a substance in which sulbactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, is covalently linked through an ester group to ampicillin. This paper describes the results of a clinical trial with sultamicillin in the infectious diseases encountered in internal medicine. In an open segment of the trial, 426 adult patients were treated orally with sultamicillin. The efficacy rates achieved were 86.1% (136/158) in acute respiratory infections, 67.5% (137/203) in chronic respiratory infections, 92.9% (39/42) in acute urinary tract infections, 76.9% (10/13) in chronic urinary tract infections, and 70.0% (7/10) in other types of infections. The bacteriological efficacy of sultamicillin was 83.8% (62/74) for Gram-positive and 74.0% (159/215) for Gram-negative bacteria. Efficacy was similar, 81% (17/21), for those strains that were high producers of beta-lactamase. Adverse reactions were observed in 10.1% of the patients in the open phase of the trial. In the double-blind segment, sultamicillin was compared with bacampicillin in respiratory infections, including pneumonia, lung abscesses, and chronic respiratory tract infections. One tablet of either drug was given orally three times a day for 14 d. Evaluation of clinical effectiveness by the trial committee revealed efficacy rates of 82.8% (96/116) for sultamicillin and 69.8% (81/116) for bacampicillin, indicating a significant superiority for sultamicillin. All of this difference resulted from the superior efficacy of sultamicillin (89.2%) over that of bacampicillin (63.2%) in patients with chronic respiratory infections. Efficacy in pneumonia was the same for both agents. Adverse reactions to sultamicillin and bacampicillin were observed in 16.3% (21/129) and 6.3% (8/127) of the cases, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Middle Aged; Respiratory Tract Infections; Safety; Sulbactam; Urinary Tract Infections

The evaluation of a 10-day 3 x 800 mg dosage regimen was equivalent for bacampicillin to oral ampicillin therapy (using 3 or 4 g respectively per day) in patients with primary UTI (n = 50) in clinical and bacteriological respect. The cure rate amounted to 69 and 68,4% respectively 2 days after therapy. No differences could be assessed after a 2-, 4- and 6-week period. Frequency of diarrhoea was 3 times as high in the ampicillin group as in the bacampicillin group. The rate of exanthema was also 2,5 times as high. No differences existed between eosinophilia and pain complaints in the upper gastrointestinal tract. 10 patients with liver function disturbances and renal impairment respectively tolerated well bacampicillin treatment. Only in the patients with impaired liver function rise of BUN and urea was found in 3 cases, not related to rise of creatinine.

Topics: Ampicillin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Urinary Tract Infections

The tolerability of tablets containing the ampicillin esters, pivampicillin and bacampicillin were compared clinically in 138 patients and by gastroscopy in 2 healthy volunteers. The clinical study showed no difference in tolerability, 26% of patients taking pivampicillin and 23% of those taking bacampicillin reported side-effects. Both preparations were equally effective clinically: 94% of patients taking pivampicillin and 91% of those taking bacampicillin were cured or improved. Gastroscopy showed that the pivampicillin tablets disintegrated more rapidly (10 minutes) than bacampicillin tablets (36 minutes). After disintegration, the pivampicillin tablets covered a larger area of the gastric mucosa than did tablets of bacampicillin.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pivampicillin; Prostatitis; Respiratory Tract Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Respiratory Tract Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Respiratory Tract Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Cyclacillin; Dermatitis; Diarrhea; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Otitis Media; Pivampicillin; Urinary Tract Infections