bacampicillin and Bacterial-Infections

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Mice; Middle Aged; Penicillin Resistance; Pregnancy; Tissue Distribution

Sultamicillin is a substance in which sulbactam, a beta-lactamase inhibitor, is covalently linked through an ester group to ampicillin. This paper describes the results of a clinical trial with sultamicillin in the infectious diseases encountered in internal medicine. In an open segment of the trial, 426 adult patients were treated orally with sultamicillin. The efficacy rates achieved were 86.1% (136/158) in acute respiratory infections, 67.5% (137/203) in chronic respiratory infections, 92.9% (39/42) in acute urinary tract infections, 76.9% (10/13) in chronic urinary tract infections, and 70.0% (7/10) in other types of infections. The bacteriological efficacy of sultamicillin was 83.8% (62/74) for Gram-positive and 74.0% (159/215) for Gram-negative bacteria. Efficacy was similar, 81% (17/21), for those strains that were high producers of beta-lactamase. Adverse reactions were observed in 10.1% of the patients in the open phase of the trial. In the double-blind segment, sultamicillin was compared with bacampicillin in respiratory infections, including pneumonia, lung abscesses, and chronic respiratory tract infections. One tablet of either drug was given orally three times a day for 14 d. Evaluation of clinical effectiveness by the trial committee revealed efficacy rates of 82.8% (96/116) for sultamicillin and 69.8% (81/116) for bacampicillin, indicating a significant superiority for sultamicillin. All of this difference resulted from the superior efficacy of sultamicillin (89.2%) over that of bacampicillin (63.2%) in patients with chronic respiratory infections. Efficacy in pneumonia was the same for both agents. Adverse reactions to sultamicillin and bacampicillin were observed in 16.3% (21/129) and 6.3% (8/127) of the cases, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Middle Aged; Respiratory Tract Infections; Safety; Sulbactam; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Cefmenoxime; Cephalosporins; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia

Sixty three patients presumed to have genital gonorrhoea who gave histories of extragenital sexual practices were randomly treated with amoxycillin 3 g or bacampicillin 4.8 g (equivalent to 3.5 g ampicillin) with probenecid 1 g to compare the efficacy of the drugs in treating gonorrhoea at all sites. Three patients were initially culture negative, and seven failed to return for follow up. Twenty seven of 28 patients receiving bacampicillin and all 25 receiving amoxycillin gave negative genital cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae five to nine days after treatment. Twenty two of 60 patients had extragenital gonorrhoea. One failed to return, but all eight who had received amoxycillin and 12 of 13 who had received bacampicillin gave negative pharyngeal and anorectal cultures after treatment. N meningitidis was isolated from the pharynx in 17 of 60 patients on initial attendance. Three of 14 were still colonised with the meningococcus after treatment. Two of 32 patients receiving amoxycillin and 12 of 31 receiving bacampicillin reported experiencing gastrointestinal side effects.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Anus Diseases; Bacterial Infections; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Neisseria meningitidis; Pharyngeal Diseases; Probenecid; Random Allocation; Rectal Diseases

A clinical trial of bacampicillin was carried out in 20 patients. The antibiotic was found to be effective in acute lobar pneumonia, pyogenic meningitis, acute and chronic bronchitis, acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, cellulitis, furunculosis, and pyomyositis caused by such ampicillin-sensitive organisms as Neisseria meningitidis, Diplococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli. Rash in three patients was the only side effect encountered. It is concluded that while bacampicillin may have overcome some of the disadvantages of ampicillin, it retains its main attributes and some shortcomings.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Bronchitis; Cellulitis; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Furunculosis; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Male; Meningitis; Middle Aged; Pharyngitis; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal; Respiratory Tract Infections; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Tonsillitis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Mice; Middle Aged; Penicillin Resistance; Pregnancy; Tissue Distribution

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases

The efficacy and tolerability of the Bacampicillin was evaluated on 80 patients (40 males and 40 females) with infectious pathology. This antibiotic was delivered at different dosage, alone or in association with Fans. The Authors report the statistical results showing the good therapeutical activity, at full dosage, with minor side effects.

Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bacterial Infections; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Molar, Third; Periapical Periodontitis; Tooth, Impacted

Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Otitis Media; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Pharyngitis

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Respiratory Tract Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Cellulitis; Child; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Male; Mouth Diseases; Tooth Diseases

Clinical research was conducted to evaluate the comparative therapeutic efficacy in respiratory pathology of 800 mg X 2 per diem bacampicillin v. 1000 mg X 2 per diem amoxicillin, both orally administered. The results were more or less identical and are interpreted as indicating the better constant absorption of the precursor, hence its higher concentration gradient that produces a higher antibiotic concentration in the lungs.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Bronchitis; Bronchopneumonia; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Tract Infections

Topics: Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Biological Availability; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Kinetics

Topics: Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Sepsis

A mean plasma concentration curve, with peaks within the first hour and moderate individual variations, was obtained after a single administration of 800 mg of bacampicillin to 5 healthy volunteers. An adequate antibiotic transfer from the circulation to the bronchial apparatus was demonstrated. Treatment of 34 patients suffering from ampicillin-sensitive bacterial diseases permitted clinical cure of all patients, without onset of side-effects. It is concluded that bacampicillin is preferable to oral ampicillin because of its kinetic and tolerance features.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Bacterial Infections; Bronchopneumonia; Child; Drug Evaluation; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Sarcina; Sputum