azathioprine has been researched along with Purine Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors in 19 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "A sex-linked familial neurological disease consisting of cerebral palsy, mental retardation, choreoathetosis, and compulsive aggressive behavior is associated with a loss of an enzyme that participates in purine metabolism, namely, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase." | 3.64 | Enzyme defect associated with a sex-linked human neurological disorder and excessive purine synthesis. ( Kelley, WN; Rosenbloom, FM; Seegmiller, JE, 1967) |
| "Our aim was to assess the cost-effectiveness of phenotyping-based dosing of TPMT activity, genotyping-based screening and no screening (reference) for patients treated with azathioprine." | 1.51 | Modeling the Outcome of Systematic TPMT Genotyping or Phenotyping Before Azathioprine Prescription: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. ( Chatellier, G; Durand-Zaleski, I; Loriot, MA; Pallet, N; Zarca, K, 2019) |
| " This study aims to detect TPMT polymorphisms and TPMT enzyme activity in Chinese SLE patients and to describe the association between TPMT genotypes and adverse effects of AZA." | 1.40 | Association of thiopurine methyltransferase status with azathioprine side effects in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Chen, D; Lian, F; Liang, L; Qiu, Q; Wang, Y; Xu, H; Yang, X; Ye, Y; Yuan, S; Zhan, Z, 2014) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 3 (15.79) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 0 (0.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 14 (73.68) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 2 (10.53) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Marinaki, AM | 1 |
| Arenas-Hernandez, M | 1 |
| Tanev, D | 1 |
| Peteva, P | 1 |
| Fairbanks, L | 1 |
| Marinaki, A | 2 |
| Ivanova, M | 1 |
| Alaikov, T | 1 |
| Shivarov, V | 1 |
| Jensen, CH | 1 |
| Fanciullo, J | 1 |
| Zarca, K | 1 |
| Durand-Zaleski, I | 1 |
| Loriot, MA | 1 |
| Chatellier, G | 1 |
| Pallet, N | 1 |
| Lennard, L | 1 |
| Chen, D | 1 |
| Lian, F | 1 |
| Yuan, S | 1 |
| Wang, Y | 1 |
| Zhan, Z | 1 |
| Ye, Y | 1 |
| Qiu, Q | 1 |
| Xu, H | 1 |
| Liang, L | 1 |
| Yang, X | 1 |
| Kessler, C | 1 |
| Tschumi, S | 1 |
| Simonetti, GD | 1 |
| Bianchetti, MG | 1 |
| Kim, HY | 1 |
| Kim, JW | 1 |
| Kim, MJ | 1 |
| Lee, YM | 1 |
| Kang, B | 1 |
| Choe, YH | 1 |
| Lee, SY | 1 |
| Roberts, RL | 2 |
| Barclay, ML | 2 |
| van Moorsel, SA | 1 |
| Bevers, N | 1 |
| Meurs, M | 1 |
| van Rossum, LK | 1 |
| Hooymans, PM | 1 |
| Wong, DR | 1 |
| Landy, J | 1 |
| Bhuva, N | 1 |
| Mawdsley, J | 1 |
| Mayo, MJ | 1 |
| Dewit, O | 1 |
| Moreels, T | 1 |
| Baert, F | 1 |
| Peeters, H | 1 |
| Reenaers, C | 1 |
| de Vos, M | 1 |
| Van Hootegem, P | 1 |
| Muls, V | 1 |
| Veereman, G | 1 |
| Mana, F | 1 |
| Van Outryve, M | 1 |
| Holvoet, J | 1 |
| Naegels, S | 1 |
| Piessevaux, H | 1 |
| Horsmans, Y | 1 |
| Gala, JL | 1 |
| Seegmiller, JE | 1 |
| Rosenbloom, FM | 1 |
| Kelley, WN | 1 |
| Westberg, NG | 1 |
| Rosén, E | 1 |
| Waldenström, J | 1 |
| Mizuno, T | 1 |
| Segawa, M | 1 |
| Kurumada, T | 1 |
| Maruyama, H | 1 |
| Onisawa, J | 1 |
| Asadov, C | 1 |
| Aliyeva, G | 1 |
| Mustafayeva, K | 1 |
| Stiburkova, B | 1 |
| Pavelcova, K | 1 |
| Petru, L | 1 |
| Krijt, J | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacogenomic Analysis of 6-mercaptopurine in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia[NCT04770922] | 80 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2021-02-23 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
5 reviews available for azathioprine and Purine Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Reducing risk in thiopurine therapy.
Topics: Azathioprine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Erythrocytes; Female; Genotype; Humans; Male; Mercaptopurine; M | 2020 |
Update on thiopurine pharmacogenetics in inflammatory bowel disease.
Topics: Azathioprine; Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug-Related Side Effects a | 2015 |
Management of autoimmune hepatitis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Budesonide; Drug Hypersensitivity; Hepatitis, Autoimmune; Humans; Immunosuppressive Ag | 2011 |
Current relevance of pharmacogenetics in immunomodulation treatment for Crohn's disease.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Azathioprine; Biotransformation; Crohn Disease; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug | 2012 |
Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase as a Pharmacogenetic Biomarker: Significance of Testing and Review of Major Methods.
Topics: Animals; Drug Hypersensitivity; Gene Frequency; Genotyping Techniques; Humans; Mercaptopurine; Methy | 2017 |
14 other studies available for azathioprine and Purine Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Beware of the Uric Acid: Severe Azathioprine Myelosuppression in a Patient With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Hereditary Xanthinuria.
Topics: Aldehyde Oxidase; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Azathioprine; Bone Marrow Failure Disor | 2020 |
Point-Counterpoint: TPMT Genotyping for Azathioprine in Adult Medicine.
Topics: Azathioprine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Genotype; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Methyltransferases; | 2017 |
Modeling the Outcome of Systematic TPMT Genotyping or Phenotyping Before Azathioprine Prescription: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.
Topics: Antimetabolites; Azathioprine; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Hypersensitivity; Genetic Testing; Geneti | 2019 |
Implementation of TPMT testing.
Topics: Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Azathioprine; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug La | 2014 |
Association of thiopurine methyltransferase status with azathioprine side effects in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adult; Alleles; Alopecia; Asian People; Azathioprine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cohort | 2014 |
New-onset bone marrow aplasia in a 15-year-old adolescent with pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis: Questions.
Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Bone Marrow; Drug Hypersensitivity; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosupp | 2015 |
Safe azathioprine treatment in a pediatric ulcerative colitis patient with TPMT*16 by thiopurine metabolite monitoring.
Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Colitis, Ulcerative; Drug Hypersensitivity; Humans; Male; Methyltransferas | 2014 |
Azathioprine Therapy in a Pediatric TPMT-Deficient Patient-Still an Option.
Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Monitoring; | 2017 |
Novel thiopurine methyltransferase variant TPMT*28 results in a misdiagnosis of TPMT deficiency.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Azathioprine; Colitis, Ulcerative; Diagnostic Errors; Drug Hypersensitivity | 2011 |
Limitations of extensive TPMT genotyping in the management of azathioprine-induced myelosuppression in IBD patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; DNA Mutational Analysis; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Genot | 2011 |
Enzyme defect associated with a sex-linked human neurological disorder and excessive purine synthesis.
Topics: Adenine; Adenine Nucleotides; Adolescent; Adult; Aggression; Athetosis; Azathioprine; Cerebral Palsy | 1967 |
Recessive X-linked hyperuricemia with gout and renal damage, normal activity of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and resistance to azaguanine.
Topics: Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Adolescent; Adult; Azaguanine; Azathioprine; Erythrocytes; Female | 1979 |
Clinical and therapeutic aspects of the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome in Japanese children.
Topics: Allopurinol; Athetosis; Azathioprine; Benzofurans; Child; Child, Preschool; Guanine; Humans; Hypoxan | 1970 |
Thiopurine-induced toxicity is associated with dysfunction variant of the human molybdenum cofactor sulfurase gene (xanthinuria type II).
Topics: Adult; Aldehyde Oxidase; Female; Humans; Mercaptopurine; Methyltransferases; Polymorphism, Genetic; | 2018 |