azathioprine and Nephrotic Syndrome studies

Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.

Nephrotic Syndrome: A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Seven patients who had an initial attack of nephrotic syndrome in childhood and had frequent relapses even after cyclophosphamide therapy were given a 2-year course of azathioprine."	9.09	Efficacy of long-term azathioprine for relapsing nephrotic syndrome. ( Hiraoka, M; Hori, C; Mayumi, M; Momoi, T; Ohshima, Y; Seo, A; Tsukahara, H, 2000)
"In a controlled double-blind trial five patients with the nephrotic syndrome due to idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis received azathioprine, 2."	9.04	Controlled trial of azathioprine in the nephrotic syndrome secondary to idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis. ( , 1976)
"In a controlled trial, symptomatic treatment alone, or 12 weeks of cyclophosphamide or azathioprine were compared in Nigerian children with nephrotic syndrome (mainly quartan malarial nephropathy) and poorly selective proteinuria."	9.04	A controlled trial of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine in Nigerian children with the nephrotic syndrome and poorly selective proteinuria. ( Adeniyi, A; Hendrickse, RG; Soothill, JF, 1979)
"A controlled trial in 20 adult patients with the nephrotic syndrome due to proliferative glomerulonephritis compared the effects of consecutive eight-week courses of treatment with prednisolone in conventional dosage and a low-dose azathioprine-prednisolone combination."	9.03	Nephrotic syndrome due to primary renal disease in adults: II. A controlled trial of prednisolone and azathioprine. ( Cameron, JS; Ogg, CS; Sharpstone, P, 1969)
" This case report describes a patient with RA complicated by amyloidosis and the nephrotic syndrome, which regressed after treatment with azathioprine."	8.79	Regression of the nephrotic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis and amyloidosis treated with azathioprine. A case report. ( Shapiro, DL; Spiera, H, 1995)
"BACKGROUND Patients taking azathioprine (AZA) are very susceptible to development of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection."	8.02	Cytomegalovirus-Associated Nephrotic Syndrome in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis Treated with Azathioprine: A Case Report. ( Chen, M; Gu, X; Wang, Y; Xie, L; Xu, Y; Zhang, X, 2021)
"Long-term azathioprine therapy as an alternative treatment to cyclophosphamide was done in 2 children with steroid-dependent minimal-change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS)."	7.70	Long-term azathioprine therapy in two children with steroid-dependent minimal-change nephrotic syndrome. ( Onodera, N; Tanaka, H; Waga, S, 1999)
"Thirteen adult patients with nephrotic syndrome resistant to corticosteroid administration were treated with azathioprine daily for four years."	7.67	Effect of long-term azathioprine administration in adults with minimal-change glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome resistant to corticosteroids. ( Cade, R; Campbell, K; Croker, B; Mars, D; Peterson, J; Privette, M; Thompson, R, 1986)
"A controlled trial of azathioprine treatment of steroid-responsive frequent-relapsing nephrotic syndrome of childhood failed to show a therapeutic effect on the stability of remission after withdrawal of corticosteroid treatment."	7.65	Controlled trial of azathioprine in treatment of steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome of childhood. ( Barratt, TM; Cameron, JS; Chantler, C; Counahan, R; Ogg, CS; Soothill, JF, 1977)
"Treatment with azathioprine in addition to colchicine could ameliorate the nephrotic syndrome and control the attacks very effectively in these cases."	5.33	Successful treatment of nephrotic syndrome due to FMF amyloidosis with azathioprine: report of three Turkish cases. ( Dogan, E; Erkoc, R; Sayarlioglu, H; Sayarlioglu, M; Soyoral, Y, 2006)
"Nephrotic syndrome secondary to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a common cause of renal failure leading to transplantation."	5.29	Effects of cyclosporine, azathioprine and prednisone on Kimura's disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in renal transplant patients. ( Barcenas, C; Etheridge, WB; Jammal, C; Kahan, BD; Senel, MF; Van Buren, CT, 1996)
"Seven patients who had an initial attack of nephrotic syndrome in childhood and had frequent relapses even after cyclophosphamide therapy were given a 2-year course of azathioprine."	5.09	Efficacy of long-term azathioprine for relapsing nephrotic syndrome. ( Hiraoka, M; Hori, C; Mayumi, M; Momoi, T; Ohshima, Y; Seo, A; Tsukahara, H, 2000)
"Forty-seven SLE patients with severe renal disease characterized by renal biopsy documentation of diffuse proliferative or membranous glomerulonephritis or the nephrotic syndrome have been treated with azathioprine and prednisone in combination and followed for up to 12 years."	5.04	Longterm survival of lupus nephritis patients treated with azathioprine and prednisone. ( Barnett, EV; Dornfeld, L; Lee, DB; Liebling, MR, 1978)
"In a controlled double-blind trial five patients with the nephrotic syndrome due to idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis received azathioprine, 2."	5.04	Controlled trial of azathioprine in the nephrotic syndrome secondary to idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis. ( , 1976)
"A controlled trial in 20 adult patients with the nephrotic syndrome due to proliferative glomerulonephritis compared the effects of consecutive eight-week courses of treatment with prednisolone in conventional dosage and a low-dose azathioprine-prednisolone combination."	5.03	Nephrotic syndrome due to primary renal disease in adults: II. A controlled trial of prednisolone and azathioprine. ( Cameron, JS; Ogg, CS; Sharpstone, P, 1969)
"Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs were included if they compared different immunosuppressive agents or non-immunosuppressive agents with placebo, prednisone or other agent given orally or parenterally in children aged three months to 18 years with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS)."	5.01	Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. ( Craig, JC; Hodson, EM; Liu, ID; Willis, NS, 2019)
" This case report describes a patient with RA complicated by amyloidosis and the nephrotic syndrome, which regressed after treatment with azathioprine."	4.79	Regression of the nephrotic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis and amyloidosis treated with azathioprine. A case report. ( Shapiro, DL; Spiera, H, 1995)
"BACKGROUND Patients taking azathioprine (AZA) are very susceptible to development of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection."	4.02	Cytomegalovirus-Associated Nephrotic Syndrome in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis Treated with Azathioprine: A Case Report. ( Chen, M; Gu, X; Wang, Y; Xie, L; Xu, Y; Zhang, X, 2021)
" Forty of them, who presented a nephrotic syndrome, were treated by immunosuppressive drugs (prednisone, azathioprine, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide) for 79 +/- 9."	3.67	Long-term immunosuppressive therapy of idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. ( Glyda, J; Gradowska, L; Juskowa, J; Klepacka, J; Lao, M; Morzycka-Michalik, M; Orlowski, T; Rancewicz, Z, 1988)
"Thirteen adult patients with nephrotic syndrome resistant to corticosteroid administration were treated with azathioprine daily for four years."	3.67	Effect of long-term azathioprine administration in adults with minimal-change glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome resistant to corticosteroids. ( Cade, R; Campbell, K; Croker, B; Mars, D; Peterson, J; Privette, M; Thompson, R, 1986)
"A controlled trial of azathioprine treatment of steroid-responsive frequent-relapsing nephrotic syndrome of childhood failed to show a therapeutic effect on the stability of remission after withdrawal of corticosteroid treatment."	3.65	Controlled trial of azathioprine in treatment of steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome of childhood. ( Barratt, TM; Cameron, JS; Chantler, C; Counahan, R; Ogg, CS; Soothill, JF, 1977)
" Amelioration of proteinuria and the plasma coagulation defect followed therapy with corticosteroids and azathioprine."	3.65	Factor IX deficiency in the nephrotic syndrome: studies with prothrombin complex concentrate. ( Natelson, EA; Rahman, F; Zanger, B, 1975)
" The younger patient had the diagnosis confirmed at an early stage by renal biopsy, and under heparin and azathioprine the clinical signs, especially the nephrotic syndrome, regressed over a period of seven months."	3.65	[Amyloidosis in familial mediterranean fever: clinical and renal-biopsy features (author's transl)]. ( Angelkort, B; Brass, H; Buss, H; Heintz, R; Klein, H; Lapp, H, 1976)
"A fall in proteinuria was recorded in both groups during treatment, but it rose significantly in Aza group (1."	2.76	Cyclosporine versus azathioprine therapy in high-risk idiopathic membranous nephropathy patients: A 3-year prospective study. ( Basta-Jovanovic, G; Jovanovic, D; Marinkovic, J; Naumovic, R; Pavlovic, S; Stosovic, M, 2011)
"Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults."	2.72	Immunosuppressive treatment for primary membranous nephropathy in adults with nephrotic syndrome. ( Au, EH; Chen, Y; Hodson, EM; Mathew, AT; Tunnicliffe, DJ; von Groote, TC; Williams, G, 2021)
" Prednisolone dosage was gradually tapered to 10 mg/d at 6 months, when cyclophosphamide was replaced by azathioprine (2 mg/kg/d p."	2.69	Treatment of membranous lupus nephritis with nephrotic syndrome by sequential immunosuppression. ( Chan, KW; Chan, TM; Hao, WK; Lai, KN; Li, FK; Lui, SL; Tang, S, 1999)
" Long-term follow-up trials focused on gonadal toxicity and limitation of maximum dosage of cyclophosphamide should been carried out."	2.61	Efficacy and acceptability of immunosuppressive agents for pediatric frequently-relapsing and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ( Li, Q; Li, S; Tan, L; Wan, J; Yang, H; Zou, Q, 2019)
" The renal tolerability of CsA is reasonably good when the dosage is low."	2.43	Treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. ( Meyrier, A, 2005)
"The nephrotic syndrome is commonly caused by various glomerulonephritides, i."	2.42	[Immunosuppressive therapy for nephrotic syndrome and strategy for adverse side effects from that therapy]. ( Takeda, Y; Tomino, Y, 2004)
"Children with systemic lupus erythematosus and nephritis may benefit from the addition of cytotoxic agents to their corticosteroid regime, although the indications for this are not clear, and controlled evidence is lacking."	2.36	Immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of the nephrotic syndrome and glomerulonephritis in children. ( Cameron, JS, 1979)
"Median proteinuria was 145,05 ± 85,54 mg/kg/24 hours."	1.46	[Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children in Dakar: about 40 cases]. ( Dial, CM; Diouf, B; Ka, EHF; Keita, Y; Lemrabott, AT; Moreira, C; Ndiaye, O; Ndongo, AA; Niang, A; Niang, B; Sall, MG; Sow, A; Sylla, A, 2017)
"Treatment with prednisolone and azathioprine seems to be of no long-term benefit in ameliorating the clinical course of nephrotic patients with membranous nephropathy."	1.33	Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study. ( Ahuja, M; Brown, CB; Davlouros, P; El Nahas, AM; Goumenos, DS, 2006)
"Treatment with azathioprine in addition to colchicine could ameliorate the nephrotic syndrome and control the attacks very effectively in these cases."	1.33	Successful treatment of nephrotic syndrome due to FMF amyloidosis with azathioprine: report of three Turkish cases. ( Dogan, E; Erkoc, R; Sayarlioglu, H; Sayarlioglu, M; Soyoral, Y, 2006)
"Eighty nephrotic adults with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and plasma creatinine lower than 3 mg/dL were given corticosteroids (53 patients) or immunosuppressive agents (27 patients) for a median of 16 and 75 weeks, respectively."	1.30	Can prolonged treatment improve the prognosis in adults with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis? ( Banfi, G; Baroli, A; Cesana, B; Farina, M; Grassi, C; Pani, A; Passerini, P; Ponticelli, C; Pozzi, C; Villa, M, 1999)
"Nephrotic syndrome secondary to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a common cause of renal failure leading to transplantation."	1.29	Effects of cyclosporine, azathioprine and prednisone on Kimura's disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in renal transplant patients. ( Barcenas, C; Etheridge, WB; Jammal, C; Kahan, BD; Senel, MF; Van Buren, CT, 1996)
"In rapid-progressing lupus nephritis and long active lupus nephritis with the phenomena of renal failure, the positive effect can only be attained after combination of steroid pulse therapy and high doses of prednisolone per os or long intake of cytostatics per os or in the form of cytostatic pulses."	1.28	[The use of ultrahigh doses of corticosteroids in treating the most severe variants of lupus nephritis]. ( Ianushkevich, TN; Klepikov, PV, 1990)
"To evaluate the rate of recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in renal transplant patients treated with cyclosporine, we reviewed the outcome of 25 renal Tx performed in 24 patients who had FSGS as their original renal disease."	1.28	The recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in kidney transplant patients treated with cyclosporine. ( Banfi, G; Colturi, C; Montagnino, G; Ponticelli, C, 1990)
" The corticosteroid dosage was proportional to each patient's weight."	1.26	Reversibility of corticosteroid-associated cataracts in children with the nephrotic syndrome. ( Forman, AR; Loreto, JA; Tina, LU, 1977)

Research

Studies (201)

Authors

Clinical Trials (19)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Number of Patient Who Gained Remission From the Nephrotic Syndrome

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	153 (76.12)	18.7374
1990's	19 (9.45)	18.2507
2000's	13 (6.47)	29.6817
2010's	13 (6.47)	24.3611
2020's	3 (1.49)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Xu, Y	1
Chen, M	1
Xie, L	1
Zhang, X	1
Wang, Y	1
Gu, X	1
von Groote, TC	1
Williams, G	1
Au, EH	1
Chen, Y	1
Mathew, AT	1
Hodson, EM	8
Tunnicliffe, DJ	1
Liu, ID	2
Willis, NS	6
Craig, JC	7
Larkins, NG	1
Keita, Y	1
Lemrabott, AT	1
Sylla, A	1
Niang, B	1
Ka, EHF	1
Dial, CM	1
Ndongo, AA	1
Sow, A	1
Moreira, C	1
Niang, A	1
Ndiaye, O	1
Diouf, B	1
Sall, MG	1
Olczak-Kowalczyk, D	1
Roszkowska-Blaim, M	1
Dąbkowska, M	1
Swoboda-Kopeć, E	1
Gozdowski, D	1
Mizerska-Wasiak, M	1
Demkow, U	1
Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, M	1
Tan, L	1
Li, S	1
Yang, H	1
Zou, Q	1
Wan, J	1
Li, Q	1
Pravitsitthikul, N	1
Benck, U	1
Banas, B	1
Birck, R	1
Hu, WX	1
Chen, YH	1
Bao, H	1
Liu, ZZ	1
Wang, SF	1
Zhang, HT	1
Liu, ZH	1
Cabral, DA	1
Canter, DL	1
Muscal, E	1
Nanda, K	1
Wahezi, DM	1
Spalding, SJ	1
Twilt, M	1
Benseler, SM	1
Campillo, S	1
Charuvanij, S	1
Dancey, P	1
Eberhard, BA	1
Elder, ME	1
Hersh, A	1
Higgins, GC	1
Huber, AM	1
Khubchandani, R	1
Kim, S	1
Klein-Gitelman, M	1
Kostik, MM	1
Lawson, EF	1
Lee, T	1
Lubieniecka, JM	1
McCurdy, D	1
Moorthy, LN	1
Morishita, KA	1
Nielsen, SM	1
O'Neil, KM	1
Reiff, A	1
Ristic, G	1
Robinson, AB	1
Sarmiento, A	1
Shenoi, S	1
Toth, MB	1
Van Mater, HA	1
Wagner-Weiner, L	1
Weiss, JE	1
White, AJ	1
Yeung, RS	1
Wong, SC	1
Mitarai, T	1
Naumovic, R	1
Jovanovic, D	1
Pavlovic, S	1
Stosovic, M	1
Marinkovic, J	1
Basta-Jovanovic, G	1
Habashy, D	2
Hodson, E	1
Craig, J	1
Takeda, Y	1
Tomino, Y	1
Brockhurst, I	1
Harris, KP	1
Chapman, CS	1
Meyrier, A	1
Goumenos, DS	1
Ahuja, M	1
Davlouros, P	1
El Nahas, AM	1
Brown, CB	1
Sayarlioglu, H	1
Erkoc, R	1
Sayarlioglu, M	1
Dogan, E	1
Soyoral, Y	1
Kuhn, C	1
Kuhn, A	1
Markau, S	1
Kästner, U	1
Osten, B	1
Hattori, M	1
White, RH	9
Adams, DA	1
Gordon, A	1
Maxwell, MH	1
Rankin, LI	1
Chopra, S	1
Kaufman, JS	1
Hamburger, RJ	1
Flamenbaum, W	1
Donadio, JV	1
Kartasheva, VI	1
Bosco Borghesan, A	1
Cutaja, I	1
Maringhini, S	1
McCauley, J	1
Shapiro, R	1
Jordan, M	1
Scantlebury, V	1
Vivas, C	1
Jensen, C	1
Starzl, TE	1
Senel, MF	1
Van Buren, CT	1
Etheridge, WB	1
Barcenas, C	1
Jammal, C	1
Kahan, BD	1
Kuriyama, R	1
Kogure, H	1
Itoh, S	1
Kikuchi, K	1
Ichikawa, N	1
Nomura, Y	1
Degawa, H	1
Meigata, K	1
Watanabe, K	1
Beck, Y	1
Tomikawa, S	1
Nagao, T	1
Uchida, H	1
Shapiro, DL	1
Spiera, H	1
Konishi, T	1
Miki, S	1
Yoshida, A	1
Tei, M	1
Kullmann, F	1
Kullmann, M	1
Leser, HG	1
Krämer, BK	1
Riegger, AJ	1
Schölmerich, J	1
Schiel, R	1
Bambauer, R	1
Latza, R	1
Klinkmann, J	1
Janowski, R	1
Majdan, M	1
Mika, D	1
Mierzicki, P	1
Drop, A	1
Ksiazek, A	1
Baker, LR	1
Tucker, B	1
Macdougall, IC	1
Oommen, R	1
Klein, M	1
Radhakrishnan, J	1
Appel, G	1
Pearson, ER	1
D'Souza, RJ	1
Hamilton-Wood, C	1
Nicholls, AJ	1
Beaman, M	2
Tanaka, H	1
Onodera, N	1
Waga, S	1
van den Berg, JS	1
van Engelen, BG	1
Boerman, RH	1
de Baets, MH	1
Chan, TM	1
Li, FK	1
Hao, WK	1
Chan, KW	1
Lui, SL	1
Tang, S	1
Lai, KN	1
Ponticelli, C	3
Villa, M	1
Banfi, G	2
Cesana, B	1
Pozzi, C	1
Pani, A	1
Passerini, P	2
Farina, M	1
Grassi, C	1
Baroli, A	1
Hiraoka, M	1
Tsukahara, H	1
Hori, C	1
Ohshima, Y	1
Momoi, T	1
Seo, A	1
Mayumi, M	1
Mastroianni Kirsztajn, G	1
Nishida, SK	1
Silva, MS	1
Ajzen, H	1
Pereira, AB	1
Neverov, NI	1
Stavrovskaia, EV	1
Kolina, IB	1
Shvetsov, MIu	1
Zakharova, EV	1
Shilov, EM	1
Grupe, WE	3
Morel-Maroger, L	1
Méry, JP	1
Droz, D	1
Godin, M	1
Verroust, P	1
Kourilsky, O	1
Richet, G	1
Friedman, EA	1
Ludwig, H	1
Schernthaner, G	1
Barnett, EV	1
Dornfeld, L	1
Lee, DB	1
Liebling, MR	1
Adeniyi, A	3
Hendrickse, RG	4
Soothill, JF	3
Cameron, JS	6
Tareeva, IE	1
Semenkova, EN	1
Filimonova, RG	2
Ianushkevich, TN	2
Singer, L	2
Imbs, JL	2
Singer, P	1
Danion, JM	2
Blanchard, WB	1
Bucciarelli, RL	1
Miller, BL	1
Barratt, TM	2
Chantler, C	1
Counahan, R	1
Ogg, CS	4
Forman, AR	1
Loreto, JA	1
Tina, LU	1
Rahman, F	1
Zanger, B	1
Natelson, EA	1
Thiele, KG	1
Trainin, EB	1
Boichis, H	1
Spitzer, A	1
Edelmann, CM	2
Greifer, I	2
Harvey, TC	1
Thomas, BJ	1
James, H	1
Chettle, DR	1
Ettinger, KV	1
Dykes, PW	1
Jain, S	1
Chen, NS	1
Fremlin, JH	1
Sergeeva, KM	1
Grinbaum, NB	1
Sakai, O	1
Inoue, M	1
Brass, H	1
Klein, H	1
Buss, H	1
Lapp, H	1
Heintz, R	1
Angelkort, B	1
Lindeman, RD	2
Pederson, JA	1
Matter, BJ	1
Laughlin, LO	1
Mandal, AK	1
Sasinka, M	1
Plenta, I	1
Pavlovic, M	1
Izakovic, V	1
Kaiserová, E	1
Páleníková, O	1
Stubna, J	1
Kuijten, RH	1
Donckerwolcke, RA	1
Tiddens, HA	2
Welsch, M	1
Klepikov, PV	1
Colturi, C	1
Montagnino, G	1
Orlowski, T	2
Rancewicz, Z	1
Lao, M	1
Juskowa, J	1
Klepacka, J	1
Gradowska, L	1
Morzycka-Michalik, M	1
Glyda, J	2
Fujimoto, S	1
Yamamoto, Y	1
Wakisaka, O	1
Hisanaga, S	1
Miyata, J	1
Tanaka, K	1
Erbay, B	1
Karatan, O	1
Duman, N	1
Ertuğ, AE	1
Howie, AJ	1
Hardwicke, J	1
Michael, J	1
Adu, D	1
Cade, R	1
Mars, D	1
Privette, M	1
Thompson, R	1
Croker, B	1
Peterson, J	1
Campbell, K	1
Belovezhdov, N	1
Glasgow, EF	6
Siegel, NJ	1
Hayslett, JP	3
Mukherjee, AP	1
Diekmann, L	1
Hüther, W	1
Manitz, G	1
Mönninghoff, W	1
McIntosh, RM	1
Griswold, W	1
Smith, FG	1
Kaufman, DB	1
Urizar, R	1
Vernier, RL	2
Edington, GM	1
Houba, V	2
Waterhouse, C	1
Abraham, G	1
Vaughan, J	1
McDonald, J	1
Murphy, AV	1
Arneil, GC	6
Swanson, MA	1
Schwartz, RS	2
Harlan, WR	1
Holden, KR	1
Williams, GM	1
Hume, DM	1
Wojtulewicz-Kurkus, J	1
Kunert, Z	1
Abramowicz, M	1
Barnett, HL	1
Kobayashi, O	1
Barron, BA	1
Gordillo-P, G	1
Hallman, N	1
Mills, RJ	2
Olbing, H	1
Nieth, H	1
Pachioli, R	2
Genova, R	3
Sarre, H	2
Cagli, V	1
Cicognani, A	1
Mei, V	1
Pirazzoli, P	1
Tassoni, P	1
Collina, A	1
Tazzari, R	1
Cacciari, E	1
Karpouzas, J	1
Psimenos, G	1
Frimas, C	1
Glassock, RJ	1
McGinn, JT	1
McGinn, TG	1
Cherubin, CE	1
Hoffman, RS	1
Meadow, SR	1
Moncrieff, MW	1
Zech, P	1
Richard, P	1
Blanc-Brunat, N	1
Labeeuw, M	1
Colon, S	1
Pozet, N	1
Dupont, E	1
Fries, D	1
Traeger, J	1
Barratt, M	1
Skinner, MD	1
Brodehl, J	1
Wing, AJ	1
Hutt, MS	1
Kibukamusoke, JW	2
Kallen, RJ	1
Lewis, EJ	1
Black, DA	1
Wallnöfer, H	1
Hanusch, M	1
Rosman, M	1
Bertino, JR	1
Linshaw, MA	1
Gruskin, AB	1
Joppich, R	1
Kampf, D	1
Baethke, R	1
Cheigh, JS	1
Stenzel, KH	1
Susin, M	1
Rubin, AL	1
Riggio, RR	1
Whitsell, JC	1
Wiltink, WF	1
van Eijk, HG	1
Bobeck-Rutsaert, MM	1
Gerbrandy, J	1
Leijnse, B	1
Brys, R	1
Ringoir, S	1
Elewaut, A	1
Barbier, F	1
Alatas, H	1
Wirja, IG	1
Lyons, H	1
Pinn, VW	1
Cortell, S	1
Cohen, JJ	1
Harrington, JT	1
Kashgarian, M	1
Bensch, KG	1
Spargo, BH	1
Freedman, LR	1
Epstein, FH	1
Balslov, JT	3
Brun, C	3
Jensen, KB	3
Jorgensen, F	3
Jorgensen, HE	3
Larsen, M	2
Lorenzen, I	3
Thomsen, AC	2
Winkelstein, A	1
Segel, D	1
Stolzer, BL	1
Fogel, M	1
Shadduck, RK	1
Lewis, M	1
Rabkin, R	1
Thatcher, GN	1
Diamond, LH	1
Eales, L	1
Linneweh, F	2
Ruilope, LM	1
Casado, S	1
López de Novales, E	1
Barat, A	1
Alvarez, J	1
Hernando, L	1
Hurley, RM	2
Drummond, KN	2
Makker, SP	1
Heymann, W	2

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
an Open Parallel Clinical Trial in HBV-GN Patients[NCT01152060]		10 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2010-01-31	Active, not recruiting
European Multicenter and Open-Label Controlled Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Sequential Treatment With Tacrolimus-Rituximab Versus Steroids Plus Cyclophosphamide in Patients With Primary Membranous Nephropathy (The STARMEN Study)[NCT01955187]	Phase 3	86 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Mycophenolate Mofetil and Tacrolimus vs Tacrolimus Alone for the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Glomerulonephritis (IMG)[NCT00843856]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-03	Completed
A Prospective Randomized Open-label Study to Compare Mycophenolate Mofetil and Corticosteroid With Conventional Immunosuppressive Treatment on Proteinuria in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (MN) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)[NCT00404833]	Phase 3	16 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2003-01-31	Completed
A Dose-Finding Pilot Study of ACTH on the Serum Lipoprotein Profile and Proteinuria in Patients With Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (MN)[NCT00805753]	Phase 1	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Completed
Treatment of Patients With Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy at Risk for Renal Insufficiency: Comparison of Early Versus Late Start of Immunosuppressive Therapy[NCT00135954]	Phase 3	29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1997-07-31	Completed
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Double-Blind Study of H.P. Acthar Gel (Acthar) in Treatment-Resistant Subjects With Persistent Proteinuria and Nephrotic Syndrome Due to Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (iMN)[NCT01386554]	Phase 4	60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab Versus Steroids and Cyclophosphamide in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy[NCT03018535]	Phase 3	76 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-31	Active, not recruiting
Tacrolimus Treatment of Patients With Idiopathic[NCT00302523]		16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-03-31	Completed
To Compare the Efficacy and Safety of TW vs Valsartan in the MN[NCT00518219]	Phase 4	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-07-31	Completed
A Dose-finding Pilot Study of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) on the Proteinuria and Serum Lipoprotein Profile in Patients With Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (MN)[NCT01093157]	Phase 1/Phase 2	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-02-28	Completed
Phase 3 Study of Tacrolimus Combined With Prednisone Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy and Nephrotic Syndrome[NCT00362531]	Phase 2/Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional	2004-11-30	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Multi-center Trial of Mycophenolate Mofetil for the Patient With High Risk Membranous Nephropathy[NCT01282073]	Phase 3	62 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Recruiting
Opportunity, Validity and Security of Steroids Plus Cyclosporin Therapy for Patients of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy : A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-Center Clinical Trial[NCT02173106]	Phase 2	180 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of QingReMoShen Granule in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy : A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Study[NCT01845688]		72 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
A Prospective Randomized, Controlled Trial of Mycophenolate Mofetil Plus Steroid in the Treatment Of Patients With Progressive Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy[NCT03170323]	Phase 4	128 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-07-01	Recruiting
Prospective Randomized Multicentric Open Label Study to Evaluate Rituximab Treatment for Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN)[NCT01508468]	Phase 3	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-01-17	Completed
"A Randomized Controlled Trial of Rituximab Versus Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy (IMN)"[NCT01180036]	Phase 2/Phase 3	130 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
BEL114674: A 2 Year Study of Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Belimumab Versus Placebo in Subjects With Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy[NCT01762852]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-04-30	Withdrawn (stopped due to Withdrawn due to difficulties in to recruiting due to competing studies, changing treatment practices, unavailability of eligible study population)
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Efficacy of mycophenolate in preventing relapse of nephrotic syndrome secondary to membranous glomerulonephritis on withdrawal of tacrolimus therapy. (NCT00843856)
Timeframe: 10-109 weeks

Number of Patients Achieved Remission

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Tacrolimus	8
Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate Mofetil	8

The degree of remission of proteinuria obtained (complete or partial) The rate of decline of renal function measured by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation for glomerular filtration rate. (NCT00843856)
Timeframe: 6-12 months

Percentage of Participants With Sustained Remission

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Tacrolimus	16
Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate Mofetil	19

The participant's response was considered the average of the two PCR values from the 24-hour urine collections at Visit 8 (Week 24). (NCT01386554)
Timeframe: At Visit 9 (Week 28)

Percentage of Participants With Complete or Partial Remission in Proteinuria at 24 Weeks

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Acthar 40U	1
Acthar 80U	4
Combined Placebo	2

The participant's response was considered the average of the two PCR values from the 24-hour urine collected at Visit 8 (Week 24). Urine protein creatinine ratio (uPCR) was used to assess remission (partial and complete). Complete remission = uPCR < 0.3 g/g; partial remission = uPCR < 50% of baseline uPCR and > 0.3 g/g but < 3.0 g/g. (NCT01386554)
Timeframe: At Visit 8 (Week 24)

Remission Status

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Partial remission in proteinuria	Complete remission in proteinuria
Acthar 40U	1	0
Acthar 80U	5	0
Combined Placebo	2	0

The number of subjects to reach either complete remission or partial remission at 12 months after randomization. (NCT01180036)
Timeframe: 12 months after randomization

Remission Status

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rituximab Treatment Arm	39
Cyclosporine Treatment Arm	34

The number of subjects to reach the composite of maintaining complete remission or partial remission at 24 months after randomization will be the primary endpoint. (NCT01180036)
Timeframe: 24 months after randomization

Article	Year
Cyclosporine versus azathioprine therapy in high-risk idiopathic membranous nephropathy patients: A 3-year prospective study. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2011, Volume: 65, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Humans	2011
Cyclosporine and therapeutic plasma exchange in treatment of progressive autoimmune diseases. Artificial organs, 1997, Volume: 21, Issue:9 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Combined Mo	1997
Treatment of membranous lupus nephritis with nephrotic syndrome by sequential immunosuppression. Lupus, 1999, Volume: 8, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Cohort Studies; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Ther	1999
Efficacy of long-term azathioprine for relapsing nephrotic syndrome. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2000, Volume: 14, Issue:8-9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age of Onset; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Follow-Up Studies; G	2000
Urinary retinol-binding protein as a prognostic marker in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. Nephron, 2000, Volume: 86, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Biomarkers; Child; Creatinine; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Fema	2000
Longterm survival of lupus nephritis patients treated with azathioprine and prednisone. The Journal of rheumatology, 1978,Fall, Volume: 5, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; California; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fe	1978
A controlled trial of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine in Nigerian children with the nephrotic syndrome and poorly selective proteinuria. Archives of disease in childhood, 1979, Volume: 54, Issue:3 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Follow-Up	1979
Controlled trial of azathioprine in the nephrotic syndrome secondary to idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis. Canadian Medical Association journal, 1976, Dec-18, Volume: 115, Issue:12 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Glomer	1976
Immunosuppressive agents in childhood nephrotic syndrome. Lancet (London, England), 1971, Jan-09, Volume: 1, Issue:7689 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Nephrotic Syndrome; Placebo	1971
Selectivity of proteinuria and response to prednisolone or immunosuppressive drugs in children with malarial nephrosis. Lancet (London, England), 1970, Mar-28, Volume: 1, Issue:7648 Topics: Albuminuria; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Complement System Proteins; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Fluo	1970
Controlled trial of azathioprine in children with nephrotic syndrome. A report for the international study of kidney disease in children. Lancet (London, England), 1970, May-09, Volume: 1, Issue:7654 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Kidney Glomerulus; Nephrotic Syndrome	1970
Immunosuppressive therapy. 2. The New England journal of medicine, 1972, Aug-10, Volume: 287, Issue:6 Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Chlorambucil; Clin	1972
"Immunosuppressive" treatment of "chronic glomerulonephritis". The Journal of pediatrics, 1973, Volume: 82, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Child; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Female; F	1973
Therapeutic trials in renal disease. Anglo-German medical review. Deutsch-englische medizinische Rundschau, 1972, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Indomethacin;	1972
[Treatment of chronic hepatitis with immunosuppressive agents and D-penicillamine]. Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1973, Jun-23, Volume: 123, Issue:25 Topics: Agranulocytosis; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Hypersensitivity; Fem	1973
Management of the nephrotic syndrome. Clinical pediatrics, 1974, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorambucil; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophos	1974
Nephrotic syndrome due to primary renal disease in adults: II. A controlled trial of prednisolone and azathioprine. British medical journal, 1969, May-31, Volume: 2, Issue:5656 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Creatinine; Drug Synergism; Female;	1969
An international cooperative study, societies of paediatric nephrology, and Henry L. Barnett. Pediatric clinics of North America, 1971, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Africa; Asia; Azathioprine; Central America; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Europe; Fem	1971
The nephrotic syndrome. Pediatric clinics of North America, 1971, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Infective Agents; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic;	1971

Article	Year
Cytomegalovirus-Associated Nephrotic Syndrome in a Patient with Myasthenia Gravis Treated with Azathioprine: A Case Report. The American journal of case reports, 2021, Sep-28, Volume: 22 Topics: Azathioprine; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; Nephrotic Synd	2021
[Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children in Dakar: about 40 cases]. The Pan African medical journal, 2017, Volume: 26 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Disease Progression; Female; Glucocorticoid	2017
Enzymatic Activity of Candida spp. from Oral Cavity and Urine in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2017, Volume: 1022 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Bacteriuria; Candida; Candidiasis, Oral; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclospo	2017
Glucocorticoid with or without additional immunosuppressant therapy for patients with lupus podocytopathy: a retrospective single-center study. Lupus, 2015, Volume: 24, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Stud	2015
Comparing Presenting Clinical Features in 48 Children With Microscopic Polyangiitis to 183 Children Who Have Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener's): An ARChiVe Cohort Study. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2016, Volume: 68, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Age Distribution; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Asia;	2016
Diagnosis and monitoring a case of light-chain deposition disease in the kidney using a new, sensitive immunoassay. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:6 Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Azathioprine; Basement Membrane; Disease Progression	2005
Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study. Clinical nephrology, 2006, Volume: 65, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Creatinine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomeru	2006
Successful treatment of nephrotic syndrome due to FMF amyloidosis with azathioprine: report of three Turkish cases. Rheumatology international, 2006, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amyloidosis; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Colchicine; Drug Therapy, Combin	2006
Effect of immunoadsorption on refractory idiopathic focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Journal of clinical apheresis, 2006, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Anemia, Megaloblastic; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme	2006
[Recent advances in therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi, 2007, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Child; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Administration S	2007
Cytotoxic drug therapy in steroid-resistant glomerulonephritis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1967, Nov-01, Volume: 60, Issue:11 Part 1 Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Protein Electrop	1967
Azathioprine treatment of immunological renal disease. JAMA, 1967, Feb-13, Volume: 199, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Cortisone; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Lupus	1967
Nephrotic syndrome and pregnancy. Potential problems for mother and child. Postgraduate medicine, 1984, Nov-01, Volume: 76, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antihypertensive Agents; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Hy	1984
Membranous nephropathy with chronic renal failure. Partial native renal function recovery after unsuccessful renal transplant. Archives of internal medicine, 1980, Volume: 140, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Creatinine; Graft Rejection; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Tr	1980
Primary glomerular disease: to treat or not to treat. Contributions to nephrology, 1982, Volume: 33 Topics: Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Dipyridamole; Glomerulonephritis; Glomerulosclerosis,	1982
[Comparative effectiveness of different therapeutic regimens in lupus nephritis in children and adolescents]. Pediatriia, 1980, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Dipyridamole; Drug Therapy, Combination; Evaluati	1980
[Incidence in the past decade of nephrotic syndrome in childhood Therapeutic result of the use of 3 corticosteroids]. Minerva pediatrica, 1980, Aug-15, Volume: 32, Issue:15 Topics: Age Factors; Azathioprine; Betamethasone; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans;	1980
FK 506 in the management of nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation. Transplantation proceedings, 1993, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Pt 2 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Creatinine; Cyclosporine; Graft Rejection; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Nep	1993
Effects of cyclosporine, azathioprine and prednisone on Kimura's disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in renal transplant patients. Clinical nephrology, 1996, Volume: 45, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Glomerulosclerosis,	1996
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor induced anemia in a kidney transplant recipient. Transplantation proceedings, 1996, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anemia; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; En	1996
[A post-thymomectomy case of myasthenia gravis which developed nephrotic syndrome with membranous nephropathy during azathioprine administration]. Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology, 1996, Volume: 36, Issue:7 Topics: Azathioprine; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Glucocorticoids; Hu	1996
[Nephrotic syndrome as the initial symptom of Crohn disease]. Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie, 1996, Volume: 34, Issue:11 Topics: Amyloidosis; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cecum; Combined Modality Therapy; Crohn Disease; Humans; Immunosu	1996
[Pulmonary embolism as a complication of nephrotic syndrome--case report and therapeutic management]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1997, Volume: 50, Issue:4-6 Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combina	1997
Treatment of progressive renal failure and nephrotic syndrome with azathioprine and prednisolone. Postgraduate medical journal, 1997, Volume: 73, Issue:864 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Humans; Immunosuppressive Ag	1997
Hypertensive encephalopathy and nephrotic syndrome: a possible link? Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 1999, Volume: 14, Issue:7 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Azathioprine; Brain Diseases; Calcium Channel Blo	1999
Long-term azathioprine therapy in two children with steroid-dependent minimal-change nephrotic syndrome. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine, 1999, Volume: 187, Issue:3 Topics: Azathioprine; Child, Preschool; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Nephrotic Syndrome; Steroids	1999
Acquired neuromyotonia: superiority of plasma exchange over high-dose intravenous human immunoglobulin. Journal of neurology, 1999, Volume: 246, Issue:7 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Humans; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; Immunosuppressive Agen	1999
Can prolonged treatment improve the prognosis in adults with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis? American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1999, Volume: 34, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dr	1999
[Effects of pathogenetic therapy on blood cholesterol in patients with glomerulonephritis]. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 2001, Volume: 73, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antichole	2001
The course of lupus nephritis: contribution of serial renal biopsies. Advances in nephrology from the Necker Hospital, 1976, Volume: 6 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Female; Glomerulonephritis;	1976
Corticosteroids in immunosuppression: partial fulfillment of a promise. Transplantation proceedings, 1975, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Cell Membrane; Cyclophosphamide; Glucocorticoids; Graft Rejection;	1975
[Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of corticosteroids and cytostatics in hypertensive variants of systemic nephritis]. Klinicheskaia meditsina, 1979, Volume: 57, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Drug Evaluation; Dr	1979
[Favorable course of a nephrotic syndrome despite the continuation of lithium therapy]. Annales medico-psychologiques, 1979, Volume: 137, Issue:6-7 Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Lithium; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Rat	1979
Ventricular parasystole in a newborn infant. Journal of electrocardiology, 1979, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Azathioprine; Electrocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerulo	1979
Relapsing nephrotic syndrome in childhood. Kidney international, 1979, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Male; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisone; Recurrence	1979
The quartan malarial nephrotic syndrome. Advances in nephrology from the Necker Hospital, 1976, Volume: 6 Topics: Azathioprine; Capillaries; Child; Child, Preschool; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Infant;	1976
Controlled trial of azathioprine in treatment of steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome of childhood. Archives of disease in childhood, 1977, Volume: 52, Issue:6 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisolone; Recurrence	1977
Reversibility of corticosteroid-associated cataracts in children with the nephrotic syndrome. American journal of ophthalmology, 1977, Volume: 84, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Cataract; Child; Child, Preschool; Cycloph	1977
[Metabolism of peripheral blood lymphocytes in nephrotic syndrome and cytostatic therapy]. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 1976, Volume: 48, Issue:5 Topics: Acid Phosphatase; Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Glycerophosphates; Humans; Lymphocytes; Middle Ag	1976
Factor IX deficiency in the nephrotic syndrome: studies with prothrombin complex concentrate. The Journal of urology, 1975, Volume: 113, Issue:6 Topics: Azathioprine; Coagulants; Factor X; Female; Hemophilia B; Humans; Hypertension; Middle Aged; Nephrot	1975
[Special pharmacotherapy of primary glomerulonephritis in the adult]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1975, Sep-05, Volume: 100, Issue:36 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Age Factors; Anticoagulants; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Dipyrid	1975
Late nonresponsiveness to steroids in children with the nephrotic syndrome. The Journal of pediatrics, 1975, Volume: 87, Issue:4 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Resistance; Female; Humans; Infant; Ma	1975
Measurement of whole body nitrogen in living man by neutron activation analysis. Strahlentherapie. Sonderbande, 1975, Volume: 74 Topics: Activation Analysis; Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Body Composition; Chlorpropamide; D	1975
[Treatment of nephrotic syndrome of children with immunosuppressive agents (literature survey)]. Voprosy okhrany materinstva i detstva, 1975, Volume: 20, Issue:11 Topics: Age Factors; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Evaluation;	1975
[Management of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in internal medicine]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi, 1975, Volume: 17, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Drug Resistance; Female; Humans; Male; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisolone	1975
[Amyloidosis in familial mediterranean fever: clinical and renal-biopsy features (author's transl)]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1976, Feb-06, Volume: 101, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adolescent; Adult; Amyloidosis; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Familial Mediterranean Fe	1976
Long-term azathioprine-corticosteroid therapy in lupus nephritis and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Journal of chronic diseases, 1976, Volume: 29, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Drug Administration Schedule; Femal	1976
[Complications of immunosuppresive therapy in chronic nephropathies in children]. Ceskoslovenska pediatrie, 1976, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Chronic Disease; Cyclophosphamide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Nephrotic Syndro	1976
[Therapy of nephrotic syndrome in childhood]. Kinderarztliche Praxis, 1976, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; In	1976
[Nephrotic syndrome under lithium therapy]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 1990, Jan-20, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Azathioprine; Humans; Kidney; Lithium; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prospective Studies	1990
[The use of ultrahigh doses of corticosteroids in treating the most severe variants of lupus nephritis]. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 1990, Volume: 62, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Cyclophosp	1990
The recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in kidney transplant patients treated with cyclosporine. Transplantation, 1990, Volume: 50, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclosporins; Female; Glomeru	1990
Long-term immunosuppressive therapy of idiopathic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Klinische Wochenschrift, 1988, Oct-17, Volume: 66, Issue:20 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up St	1988
[Long-term outcome of nephrotic syndrome due to primary membranous nephropathy]. Nihon Jinzo Gakkai shi, 1988, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous; Humans; Male; M	1988
The effect of cyclosporine in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome resistant to immunosuppressive therapy. Transplantation proceedings, 1988, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Suppl 4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Azathioprine; Cyclosporins; Drug Evaluation; D	1988
The glomerular tip lesion: a steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome. Clinical nephrology, 1987, Volume: 27, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerulonephri	1987
Effect of long-term azathioprine administration in adults with minimal-change glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome resistant to corticosteroids. Archives of internal medicine, 1986, Volume: 146, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Drug Resistance; Female;	1986
[Possibilities for treating patients with the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome]. Vutreshni bolesti, 1985, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Acenocoumarol; Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	1985
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and persistent hypocomplementaemia. British medical journal, 1970, Oct-03, Volume: 4, Issue:5726 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Beta-Globulins; Blood Protein Disorders; Child; Child, Preschool; C	1970
Treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome. Lancet (London, England), 1971, Feb-06, Volume: 1, Issue:7693 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisolone	1971
Combined prednisolone, azathioprine, and cyclophosphamide treatment for persistent proliferative glomerulonephritis in adults. Lancet (London, England), 1971, Dec-18, Volume: 2, Issue:7738 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Gl	1971
[Clinical and morphological studies in nephrotic syndrome. Report on 83 children]. Monatsschrift fur Kinderheilkunde, 1972, Volume: 120, Issue:1 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cortisone; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Fluorescent Anti	1972
Azathioprine in glomerulonephritis. A long-term study. Lancet (London, England), 1972, May-20, Volume: 1, Issue:7760 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Basement Membrane; Child; Chronic Disease; Follow-Up Studies; Glomerular F	1972
Quartan malarial nephrotic syndrome. Collaborative clinicopathological study in Nigerian children. Lancet (London, England), 1972, May-27, Volume: 1, Issue:7761 Topics: Antimalarials; Azathioprine; Basement Membrane; Biopsy; Capillaries; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclop	1972
The relationship between L-chain synthesis and gamma-globulin production. The Journal of clinical investigation, 1973, Volume: 52, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Female; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Immunoglobulin Fragm	1973
Long-term assessment of cyclophosphamide therapy for nephrosis in children. Lancet (London, England), 1974, Oct-26, Volume: 2, Issue:7887 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Cystitis	1974
Immunosuppressive therapy. The relation between clinical response and immunologic competence. The New England journal of medicine, 1967, Jul-27, Volume: 277, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease;	1967
Proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome associated with chronic rejection of kidney transplants. The New England journal of medicine, 1967, Oct-12, Volume: 277, Issue:15 Topics: Azathioprine; Dactinomycin; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Nephrotic Syndrome;	1967
Immunosuppressive treatment of nephrotic syndrome. Polish medical journal, 1969, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amyloidosis; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Proteins; Chlorambucil; Dactinomyc	1969
Clinicopathological study of nephrotic syndrome in childhood. Lancet (London, England), 1970, Jun-27, Volume: 1, Issue:7661 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Azathioprine; Beta-Globulins; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophospha	1970
[Hazard-adapted therapy of acquired idiopathic nephrotic syndromes in children]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1973, May-25, Volume: 98, Issue:21 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Child; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans;	1973
[Therapy of the nephrotic syndrome]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1968, Mar-08, Volume: 93, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Chlorthalidone; Diet, Sodium-Restricted; Di	1968
Treatment of the nephrotic syndrome. British medical journal, 1970, Jul-11, Volume: 3, Issue:5714 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Ch	1970
Long-term steroid-immunosuppressive treatment of the childhood nephrotic syndrome. Pediatrics, 1971, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Azathioprine; Child; Chronic Disease; Cyclophosphamide; Glomerulonephri	1971
[Membraneous-proliferating glomerulonephritis associated with the nephrotic syndrome]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1971, Aug-20, Volume: 96, Issue:34 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Azathioprine; Contraception; Cyclophosphamide; Diet Therapy; Dietary Pr	1971
[Therapy of nephrotic syndrome]. Il Policlinico. Sezione pratica, 1971, Jul-15, Volume: 78, Issue:14 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Diet Therapy;	1971
[Body height increase and secretion of somatotropin in children with variously treated hephrotic syndromes]. Minerva pediatrica, 1973, Apr-14, Volume: 25, Issue:13 Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Azathioprine; Body Height; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Fe	1973
Hereditary nephritis associated with nephrotic syndrome. Helvetica paediatrica acta, 1974, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Kidney;	1974
Cytotoxic drugs in primary glomerular disease. Proceedings of the Clinical Dialysis and Transplant Forum, 1974, Issue:4 Topics: Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glomerulonephritis; Huma	1974
Nephrotic syndrome in drug addicts. New York state journal of medicine, 1974, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Male; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisone; Prognos	1974
Focal glomerulosclerosis in childhood. Perspectives in nephrology and hypertension, 1973, Volume: 1 Pt 1 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Age Factors; Atrophy; Azathioprine; Basement Membrane; Biopsy;	1973
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in childhood. Perspectives in nephrology and hypertension, 1973, Volume: 1 Pt 1 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Follow-Up Studie	1973
Schönlein-Henoch nephritis. The Quarterly journal of medicine, 1972, Volume: 41, Issue:163 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide	1972
[Course of nephropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus . Influence of the treatment on clinical symptoms, renal function and histology]. Journal d'urologie et de nephrologie, 1972, Volume: 78, Issue:12 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Antimalarials; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Chlorambucil;	1972
Progression and remission in the nehprotic syndrome associated with quartan malaria in Uganda. The Quarterly journal of medicine, 1972, Volume: 41, Issue:163 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Protein Electrophoresis; Child; Fluorescent Antibody	1972
Kidney diseases in children. Forward. Nephron, 1973, Volume: 11, Issue:2 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Foundations; History, 15th Century; History	1973
Azathioprine. Annals of internal medicine, 1973, Volume: 79, Issue:5 Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Asthma; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Colitis, Ulcerative; Glomeruloneph	1973
Kidney transplant nephrotic syndrome. The American journal of medicine, 1974, Volume: 57, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Azathioprine; Cadaver; Child; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Graft Rejectio	1974
Urinary iron excretion in nephrotic syndrome. Acta haematologica, 1972, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Iron; Ma	1972
[Amyloidosis in Crohn's disease]. Tijdschrift voor gastro-enterologie, 1972, Volume: 15, Issue:5 Topics: Amyloidosis; Azathioprine; Crohn Disease; Humans; Male; Nephrotic Syndrome	1972
Treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome with Imuran. Paediatrica Indonesiana, 1972, Volume: 12, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Oral; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Nephrotic Syndr	1972
Allergic interstitial nephritis causing reversible renal failure in four patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. The New England journal of medicine, 1973, Jan-18, Volume: 288, Issue:3 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Azathioprine; Chlorothiazide; Drug Hypersensitivity; Eosinophils; Female	1973
Clinicopathological correlations in the nephrotic syndrome due to primary renal disease. Medicine, 1973, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Autopsy; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Chro	1973
Cytostatic treatment of glomerular diseases. I. Effect of azathioprine on serum creatinine and proteinuria. Report from a Copenhagen Study Group of Renal Diseases. Acta medica Scandinavica, 1973, Volume: 193, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Female; Glo	1973
Cytostatic treatment of glomerular diseases. II. Effect of azathioprine on serum and urine proteins. Report from a Copenhagen Study Group of Renal Diseases. Acta medica Scandinavica, 1973, Volume: 193, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Azathioprine; Blood Proteins; Child; Child, Preschool; Female;	1973
Immunosuppressive therapy. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1973, Volume: 265, Issue:2 Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Croh	1973
The nephrotic syndrome, malignancy and immunosuppression. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 1973, Apr-14, Volume: 47, Issue:14 Topics: Azathioprine; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome	1973
[Therapy of the nephrotic syndrome in children]. Minerva medica, 1973, Oct-27, Volume: 64, Issue:76 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ne	1973
[Childhood nephrotic syndrome with minimun glomerular lesions (clinical development and therapeutic response in 40 cases)]. Revista clinica espanola, 1973, Nov-30, Volume: 131, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Female; H	1973
Glomerular enlargement in primary renal disease: a quantitative study. Archives of pathology, 1974, Volume: 97, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aging; Autopsy; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclo	1974
The idiopathic nephrotic syndrome of childhood. A clinical reevaluation of 148 cases. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1974, Volume: 127, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Antistreptolysin; Azathioprine; Bacteriuria; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Child; Child, Preschoo	1974
Management of the nephrotic syndrome. Archives of disease in childhood, 1968, Volume: 43, Issue:228 Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azathioprine; Child, Preschool; Chlorothiazide; Diet Therapy; Diuretic	1968
Hyperglycemic, hyperosmolar, nonketoacidotic diabetes. A complication of steroid and immunosupressive therapy. Diabetes, 1969, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Dexamethasone; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Coma; Diagno	1969
Immunosuppressive therapy of proliferative glomerulonephritis in children. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1969, Volume: 118, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Child; Complement System Proteins; Creatinine; Female; Flu	1969
The nephrotic syndrome in new guinea--a clinical and histological spectrum. Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine, 1971, Volume: 1, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney	1971
[Prognosis of the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in childhood by means of plasma protein clearance]. Wiener Zeitschrift fur innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1969, Volume: 50, Issue:5 Topics: Age Factors; Azathioprine; Blood Proteins; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide;	1969
[Long term therapy of nephrotic syndrome and chronic glomerulonephritis in childhood]. Monatsschrift fur Kinderheilkunde, 1970, Volume: 118, Issue:8 Topics: Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Basement Membrane; Binding Sites; Child; Chronic	1970
[Comparative estimation of the corticoid and immunosuppressive therapy in nephrotic syndrome]. Ceskoslovenska pediatrie, 1972, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Nephrotic Syndrome	1972
Hypocomplementemic (membranoproliferative) glomerulonephritis. Immunosuppressive therapy. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1972, Volume: 123, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Child; Complement System Proteins; Cre	1972
[Recommendations for immunosuppressive therapy of childhood glomerular kidney diseases]. Monatsschrift fur Kinderheilkunde, 1972, Volume: 120, Issue:6 Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Azathioprine; Child; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents	1972
Steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Results of azathioprine treatment in adults. Archives of internal medicine, 1972, Volume: 130, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Lupus Erythema	1972
On corticosteroid and azathioprine treatment of glomerular renal diseases. A study of 90 cases, treated 1964-1969. Acta medica Scandinavica, 1972, Volume: 192, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Collagen Diseases; Female; Glomerulonephritis;	1972
Anaphylactoid purpura nephritis: clinicopathological correlations. The Journal of pediatrics, 1972, Volume: 81, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Fibrin; Glomerulonephritis; Human	1972
Corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. The Journal of the Oklahoma State Medical Association, 1971, Volume: 64, Issue:11 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Microscop	1971
Focal glomerulosclerosis--a progressive lesion associated with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Archives of disease in childhood, 1971, Volume: 46, Issue:250 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Female	1971
[On immunosuppressive therapy of primary nephrotic syndrome in the pediatric age]. Minerva pediatrica, 1971, Dec-15, Volume: 23, Issue:50 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents;	1971
[Immunosuppressive therapy of nephrotic syndrome]. Nihon Shonika Gakkai zasshi. Acta paediatrica Japonica, 1971, Volume: 75, Issue:9 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Nephrotic Syndrome	1971
[Long-time treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis with azathioprine]. Helvetica medica acta. Supplementum, 1966, May-15, Volume: 46 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Chronic Disease; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Nephrot	1966
[Immunodepressive therapy in nephropathies]. Studii si cercetari de medicina interna, 1969, Volume: 10, Issue:2 Topics: Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Collagen Diseases; Diabetic Nephropathies; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; I	1969
Selectivity index as a guide to treatment in heavy proteinuria. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1969, Volume: 258, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidn	1969
[Immunosuppressive treatment of corticoid resistant nephrotic syndrome in childhood]. Monatsschrift fur Kinderheilkunde, 1969, Volume: 117, Issue:2 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorambucil; Dexamethasone; Female; Humans; Male; Nephrosis,	1969
Prednisone-azathioprine therapy in primary renal disease. The New England journal of medicine, 1970, Jul-23, Volume: 283, Issue:4 Topics: Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisone	1970
[Correlations between the histological changes and results of treatment with corticoids and immunosuppressive agents in primary glomerulonephritis]. Minerva medica, 1970, Jul-11, Volume: 61, Issue:55 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Alkylating Agents; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Glomerulonephritis; Humans;	1970
Monoclonal gammopathy, glomerulonephritis and the nephrotic syndrome. Archives of internal medicine, 1970, Volume: 125, Issue:4 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Proteins; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunoele	1970
Results of immunodepressive treatment in the nephrotic syndrome. Helvetica paediatrica acta, 1970, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Alopecia; Azathioprine; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressi	1970
Deterioration of renal function after discontinuation of long-term prednisone-azathioprine therapy in primary renal disease. The New England journal of medicine, 1970, May-14, Volume: 282, Issue:20 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Drug Tolerance; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Ki	1970
[Experience with immunosuppressive therapy in 13 children with kidney diseases]. Ceskoslovenska pediatrie, 1970, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Chronic Disease; Cyclophosphamide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosuppressiv	1970
[Systemic lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis treated with Imuran (azathioprine) in 2 children]. Ceskoslovenska pediatrie, 1970, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Child; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic;	1970
[Nephrotic syndrome]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1970, Volume: 28, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome	1970
[Primary glomerulopathies--therapy using corticosteroids and cytostatics (immunosuppressive agents)]. Munchener medizinische Wochenschrift (1950), 1970, Mar-20, Volume: 112, Issue:12 Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Age	1970
Management of the nephrotic syndrome in children. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 1970, Nov-21, Volume: 44, Issue:46 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Diuretics; Edema; Female; Humans; Infant; M	1970
[Treatment of kidney glomerular diseases with cytostatics]. Nordisk medicin, 1970, Nov-26, Volume: 84, Issue:48 Topics: Azathioprine; Creatinine; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Nephrotic Syndrome; Proteinuria	1970
[Cytostatics in the treatment of nephritides]. Das Deutsche Gesundheitswesen, 1970, Oct-29, Volume: 25, Issue:44 Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Dyspepsia; Female; Humans; Male; Mercaptopurine; Middle	1970
[Treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis with imuran]. Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift, 1970, Dec-05, Volume: 100, Issue:49 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Sedimentation; Child; Chronic Disease; Colic; D	1970
[Nephrotic syndrome in children. Report of an international cooperative study]. Gaceta medica de Mexico, 1970, Volume: 100, Issue:11 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; International Cooperation; Nephrotic Syndrome	1970
QImmunosuppressive therapy of glomerulonephritis. Medizinische Klinik, 1970, May-29, Volume: 65, Issue:22 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Methotrexate; Nephrosis,	1970
[Familial nephrotic syndrome]. Monatsschrift fur Kinderheilkunde, 1970, Volume: 118, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Age Factors; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child;	1970
[Treatment with immunosuppressive drugs in primary nephrotic syndromes in the pediatric age. Clinical studies]. Minerva pediatrica, 1971, Feb-11, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant; Kidney Dise	1971
[Cytostatic agents in treatment of the nephrotic syndrome]. Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke, 1971, Apr-10, Volume: 91, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Nephrotic Syndrome	1971
Identical 3-year-old twins with disseminated lupus erythematosus: one with nephrosis and one with nephritis. Arthritis and rheumatism, 1968, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child, Preschool; Chloroquine; Diseases in Twins; Female; Humans; Kidney; Late	1968
Azathioprine in myeloproliferative and autoimmune disorders. Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae, 1968, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Colitis,	1968
Malaria prophylaxis and immunosuppressant therapy in management of nephrotic syndrome associated with quartan malaria. Archives of disease in childhood, 1968, Volume: 43, Issue:231 Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Glomer	1968
Persistent proteinuria. Journal of the Irish Medical Association, 1968, Volume: 61, Issue:378 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Male; Nephrotic Syndrome; Proteinuria	1968
[Cytostatic treatment of the steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. (Long term study on 24 patients)]. Archiv fur klinische Medizin, 1968, Volume: 215, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Chlorambucil; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney Function Tests	1968
[Effect of immunosuppressive drugs on nephrotic syndrome]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1968, Volume: 26, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Animals; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Nephrotic Syndrome; Pr	1968
Management of the nephrotic syndrome in adult patients. Medical times, 1969, Volume: 97, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Diuretics; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neph	1969
[Immunosuppresive agents in the treatment of nephropathies of children]. Bratislavske lekarske listy, 1969, Volume: 51, Issue:2 Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidney Diseas	1969
[Use of immunosuppressive cytostatic agents in children's diseases in our experience]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1969, Jan-15, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Colitis, Ulcerative; Collage	1969
[Therapy of the nephrotic syndrome in childhood]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1969, Jun-20, Volume: 94, Issue:25 Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Proteins; Humans; Kidney; Nephrotic Syndrome; Prednisolone	1969
[Attempts of the use of cytostatic agents in some forms of glomerulonephritis in children]. Pediatria polska, 1969, Volume: 44, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorambucil; Chronic Dise	1969
Azathioprine for the nephrotic syndrome. British medical journal, 1969, Oct-11, Volume: 4, Issue:5675 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Humans; Middle Aged; Nephrotic Syndrome; Proteinuria	1969
Mercaptopurine and acquired tubular dysfunction in adult nephrosis. Archives of internal medicine, 1965, Volume: 116, Issue:6 Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Anemia; Azathioprine; Glomerulonephritis; Glycosuria; Humans; Leukopenia; Male; Nep	1965
Immunosuppressive therapy in steroid-resistant proliferative glomerulonephritis accompanied by the nephrotic syndrome. British medical journal, 1966, Oct-08, Volume: 2, Issue:5518 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyc	1966
Cytotoxic drugs in steroid-resistant renal disease. Alkylating and antimetabolic agents in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, lupus nephritis, chronic glomerulonephritis, and purpura nephritis in children. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1966, Volume: 112, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosp	1966

azathioprine and Nephrotic Syndrome

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (201)

Authors

Clinical Trials (19)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Number of Patient Who Gained Remission From the Nephrotic Syndrome

Number of Patients Achieved Remission

Percentage of Participants With Sustained Remission

Percentage of Participants With Complete or Partial Remission in Proteinuria at 24 Weeks

Remission Status

Remission Status

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies