azathioprine has been researched along with Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal in 14 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal: An opportunistic viral infection of the central nervous system associated with conditions that impair cell-mediated immunity (e.g., ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME and other IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES; HEMATOLOGIC NEOPLASMS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; and COLLAGEN DISEASES). The causative organism is JC Polyomavirus (JC VIRUS) which primarily affects oligodendrocytes, resulting in multiple areas of demyelination. Clinical manifestations include DEMENTIA; ATAXIA; visual disturbances; and other focal neurologic deficits, generally progressing to a vegetative state within 6 months. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp36-7)
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a rare but fatal brain infection caused by John Cunningham (JC) virus and has been associated with natalizumab use." | 1.42 | Prevalence of Antibodies Against JC Virus in Patients With Refractory Crohn's Disease and Effects of Natalizumab Therapy. ( Bellaguarda, E; Cohen, RD; Keyashian, K; Pekow, J; Rubin, DT; Sakuraba, A, 2015) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 4 (28.57) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 5 (35.71) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 5 (35.71) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Tirelli, L | 1 |
| Rosini, F | 1 |
| Rufa, A | 1 |
| Garosi, G | 1 |
| Cerase, A | 1 |
| Federico, A | 1 |
| De Luca, A | 1 |
| Hadjadj, J | 1 |
| Guffroy, A | 1 |
| Delavaud, C | 1 |
| Taieb, G | 1 |
| Meyts, I | 1 |
| Fresard, A | 1 |
| Streichenberger, N | 1 |
| L'Honneur, AS | 1 |
| Rozenberg, F | 1 |
| D'Aveni, M | 1 |
| Aguilar, C | 1 |
| Rosain, J | 1 |
| Picard, C | 1 |
| Mahlaoui, N | 1 |
| Lecuit, M | 1 |
| Hermine, O | 1 |
| Lortholary, O | 1 |
| Suarez, F | 1 |
| Bellaguarda, E | 1 |
| Keyashian, K | 1 |
| Pekow, J | 1 |
| Rubin, DT | 1 |
| Cohen, RD | 1 |
| Sakuraba, A | 1 |
| Franzen, D | 1 |
| Mathys, C | 1 |
| Vesper, J | 1 |
| Malzkorn, B | 1 |
| Bohlen, H | 1 |
| Seitz, RJ | 1 |
| Gedizlioglu, M | 1 |
| Coban, P | 1 |
| Ce, P | 1 |
| Sivasli, IE | 1 |
| Hartung, HP | 1 |
| Chihara, D | 1 |
| Takeoka, T | 1 |
| Shirase, T | 1 |
| Kishimoto, W | 1 |
| Arimoto-Miyamoto, K | 1 |
| Tsuji, M | 1 |
| Ohno, T | 1 |
| Pagnoux, C | 1 |
| Hayem, G | 1 |
| Roux, F | 1 |
| Rouidi, SA | 1 |
| Palazzo, E | 1 |
| Hénin, D | 1 |
| Meyer, O | 1 |
| Prusiński, A | 1 |
| Kabza, J | 1 |
| Liberski, PP | 1 |
| Niewodniczy, A | 1 |
| Papierz, W | 1 |
| White, RP | 1 |
| Abraham, S | 1 |
| Singhal, S | 1 |
| Manji, H | 1 |
| Clarke, CR | 1 |
| Holzhausen, HJ | 1 |
| Mampel, E | 1 |
| Koall, W | 1 |
| Rockstroh, H | 1 |
| Forth, HJ | 1 |
| Schulze, R | 1 |
| Bryant, GL | 1 |
| Weinblatt, ME | 1 |
| Rumbaugh, C | 1 |
| Coblyn, JS | 1 |
| Legrain, M | 1 |
| Graveleau, J | 1 |
| Brion, S | 1 |
| Mikol, J | 1 |
| Küss, R | 1 |
14 other studies available for azathioprine and Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Clinical and MRI improvement in a case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Aspartic Acid; Azathioprine; Brain; Choline; Female; Humans; Immuno | 2017 |
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in Primary Immunodeficiencies.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; B-Lymphocytes; Female; Humans; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Im | 2019 |
Prevalence of Antibodies Against JC Virus in Patients With Refractory Crohn's Disease and Effects of Natalizumab Therapy.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Azathioprine; Crohn Disease; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; JC | 2015 |
[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following azathioprine and steroid treatment of pulmonary sarcoid disease].
Topics: Azathioprine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal; Male; M | 2015 |
An unusual complication of immunosuppression in myasthenia gravis: progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Ataxia; Azathioprine; Brain; Cognition Disorders; Disease Progressio | 2009 |
New cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after treatment with natalizumab.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Inte | 2009 |
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in myelodysplastic syndrome involving pure red cell aplasia.
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multi | 2010 |
JC virus leukoencephalopathy complicating Wegener's granulomatosis.
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Fatal Outcome; Female; Glucocorticoids; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans | 2003 |
Natalizumab (Tysabri) returns.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; C | 2006 |
[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy as a complication of immunosuppressive and cytostatic treatment].
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal | 1984 |
Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy isolated to the posterior fossa in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cranial Fossa, Posterior; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppressive Age | 2002 |
[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy as a complication of immunosuppression in kidney transplantation].
Topics: Azathioprine; Brain; Glomerulonephritis; Immunosuppression Therapy; Kidney Transplantation; Leukoenc | 1977 |
Cerebral vasculopathy: an analysis of sixteen cases.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Blood Sedimentation; Cerebral Angiography; Cereb | 1986 |
[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following kidney transplantation].
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Female; Humans; I | 1974 |