azathioprine has been researched along with Ischemia in 45 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
Ischemia: A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "In order to evaluate whether immunosuppressive agents such as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine would differently influence the outcome of the renal transplants, we prospectively analyzed the incidence of acute rejection episodes, cytomegalovirus infection within the first 6 months following renal transplantation and 5 yr graft survival rate after minimizing influences of donor factors by grafting the same cadaveric donor kidney." | 7.73 | The influence of mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine on the same cadaveric donor renal transplantation. ( Joh, JW; Kim, SJ; Lee, DS; Lee, HH; Lee, KW; Lee, SK, 2005) |
| "In order to evaluate whether immunosuppressive agents such as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine would differently influence the outcome of the renal transplants, we prospectively analyzed the incidence of acute rejection episodes, cytomegalovirus infection within the first 6 months following renal transplantation and 5 yr graft survival rate after minimizing influences of donor factors by grafting the same cadaveric donor kidney." | 3.73 | The influence of mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine on the same cadaveric donor renal transplantation. ( Joh, JW; Kim, SJ; Lee, DS; Lee, HH; Lee, KW; Lee, SK, 2005) |
| "In contrast to its importance in improving renal graft survival, nephrotoxicity is the most serious side effect of cyclosporine." | 1.28 | Amplification of the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine by preexistent chronic histological lesions in the kidney. ( Bosman, FT; Kootstra, G; Leunissen, KM; Nieman, FH; Noordzij, TC; van Hooff, JP; Vromen, MA, 1989) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 31 (68.89) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 10 (22.22) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (6.67) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (2.22) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Hari, G | 1 |
| Skeik, N | 1 |
| STARZL, TE | 2 |
| MARCHIORO, TL | 1 |
| DICKINSON, TC | 1 |
| RIFKIND, D | 1 |
| STONINGTON, OG | 1 |
| WADDELL, WR | 1 |
| HITCHCOCK, CR | 1 |
| KISER, JC | 1 |
| TELANDER, RL | 1 |
| SELJESKOG, EL | 1 |
| GOLDMAN, R | 1 |
| GOODWIN, WE | 1 |
| KAUFMAN, JJ | 1 |
| MARTIN, DC | 1 |
| GLASSOCK, RJ | 1 |
| NOUROK, DS | 1 |
| WILSON, WE | 1 |
| KIRKPATRICK, CH | 1 |
| TALMAGE, DW | 1 |
| Tranchida, P | 1 |
| Bayerl, M | 1 |
| Voelpel, MJ | 1 |
| Palutke, M | 1 |
| Joh, JW | 1 |
| Lee, HH | 1 |
| Lee, DS | 1 |
| Lee, KW | 1 |
| Lee, SK | 1 |
| Kim, SJ | 1 |
| Hoshinaga, K | 1 |
| Fujita, T | 1 |
| Naide, Y | 1 |
| Akutsu, H | 1 |
| Sasaki, H | 1 |
| Tsukiashi, Y | 1 |
| Nishiyama, N | 1 |
| Yanaoka, M | 1 |
| Shinoda, M | 1 |
| Kanno, T | 1 |
| Abramowicz, D | 1 |
| Norman, DJ | 1 |
| Goldman, M | 1 |
| De Pauw, L | 1 |
| Kinnaert, P | 1 |
| Kahana, L | 1 |
| Thistlethwaite, JR | 1 |
| Shield, CF | 1 |
| Monaco, AP | 1 |
| Vanherweghem, JL | 1 |
| Carpenter, JP | 1 |
| Tomaszewski, JE | 1 |
| Ishii, T | 1 |
| Kim, YI | 5 |
| Tatsuma, T | 1 |
| Kawano, K | 5 |
| Kai, T | 3 |
| Kobayashi, M | 5 |
| Sofat, N | 1 |
| Houghton, J | 1 |
| McHale, J | 1 |
| Higgens, CS | 1 |
| Graf, H | 1 |
| Kovarik, J | 1 |
| Stummvoll, HK | 1 |
| Wolf, A | 1 |
| Pinggera, WF | 1 |
| Boratyńska, M | 1 |
| Szepietowski, T | 1 |
| Szewczyk, Z | 1 |
| Szydłowski, Z | 1 |
| Cacciarelli, TV | 1 |
| Sumrani, N | 1 |
| DiBenedetto, A | 1 |
| Hong, JH | 2 |
| Sommer, BG | 1 |
| Goto, S | 4 |
| Ono, M | 3 |
| Iwao, Y | 2 |
| Akizuki, S | 1 |
| Okada, K | 1 |
| Nagai, T | 1 |
| Egashira, T | 1 |
| Yamanaka, Y | 1 |
| Leunissen, KM | 1 |
| Bosman, FT | 1 |
| Nieman, FH | 1 |
| Kootstra, G | 1 |
| Vromen, MA | 1 |
| Noordzij, TC | 1 |
| van Hooff, JP | 1 |
| Fischer, J | 1 |
| Kirste, G | 1 |
| Keller, H | 1 |
| Wilms, H | 1 |
| Neumayer, HH | 1 |
| Henkel, M | 1 |
| Wagner, K | 1 |
| Anaise, D | 1 |
| Yland, MJ | 1 |
| Atkins, H | 1 |
| Oster, ZH | 1 |
| Waltzer, WC | 1 |
| Rapaport, FT | 1 |
| Oechslin, M | 1 |
| Thiel, G | 1 |
| Landmann, J | 1 |
| Gloor, B | 1 |
| Abouna, GM | 1 |
| Samhan, MS | 1 |
| Kumar, MS | 1 |
| White, AG | 1 |
| Silva, OS | 1 |
| Lundgren, G | 1 |
| Albrechtsen, D | 1 |
| Brynger, H | 1 |
| Flatmark, A | 1 |
| Frödin, I | 1 |
| Gäbel, H | 1 |
| Persson, H | 1 |
| Groth, CG | 2 |
| Lipkowitz, GS | 1 |
| Yen, CY | 1 |
| Greenstein, SM | 1 |
| Manis, T | 1 |
| Butt, KM | 1 |
| Vegeto, A | 1 |
| Berardinelli, L | 1 |
| Beretta, C | 1 |
| Pasciucco, A | 1 |
| Montagnino, G | 1 |
| Arvanitakis, C | 1 |
| Malek, G | 1 |
| Uehling, D | 1 |
| Morrissey, JF | 1 |
| Ringoir, SM | 1 |
| Leedham, PW | 1 |
| Cullum, PA | 1 |
| van Breda Vriesman, PJ | 1 |
| Vink, M | 1 |
| Willighagen, RG | 1 |
| Brettschneider, L | 2 |
| Moon, JB | 1 |
| Fulginiti, VA | 1 |
| Cotton, EK | 1 |
| Porter, KA | 1 |
| Barnard, CN | 1 |
| Calne, RY | 1 |
| Starzi, TE | 1 |
| Penn, I | 1 |
| Giles, G | 1 |
| Picache, R | 1 |
| Putnam, CW | 1 |
| Murphy, GP | 1 |
| Grafton, TS | 1 |
| Lie, TS | 1 |
| Käufer, C | 1 |
| Siedek, M | 1 |
| Prange, CH | 1 |
| Rommelsheim, K | 1 |
| Fillmann, B | 1 |
| Gütgemann, A | 1 |
| Ahrens, J | 1 |
| Swenson, O | 1 |
| Powis, SJ | 1 |
| Barnes, AD | 1 |
| Dawson-Edwards, P | 1 |
| Thompson, H | 1 |
| Conn, J | 1 |
| Krumlovsky, FA | 1 |
| Del Greco, F | 1 |
| Simon, NM | 1 |
| Inou, T | 1 |
| Ota, K | 1 |
| Mori, S | 1 |
| Kestens, PJ | 1 |
| Otte, JB | 1 |
| Alexandre, GP | 1 |
| Lambotte, L | 1 |
| Loubeau, JM | 1 |
| Orban, JC | 1 |
| Haxhe, JJ | 1 |
| Maldague, P | 1 |
| Morelle, J | 1 |
| Williams, R | 1 |
| Rowiński, W | 1 |
| Gondos, B | 1 |
| White, P | 1 |
| Benfield, JR | 1 |
4 reviews available for azathioprine and Ischemia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Digital ischemia in Behçet's disease: case-based review.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Aspirin; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Colchicine; | 2020 |
Organ transplantation. The present position and future prospects of organ transplantation.
Topics: Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Cadaver; Dactinomycin; Female; Heart Transplantation; Histocompa | 1969 |
Clinical liver transplantation.
Topics: Adenoma, Bile Duct; Adult; Angiography; Aortography; Azathioprine; Bacterial Infections; Biliary Tra | 1969 |
Experimental kidney transplantation.
Topics: Animals; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; Graft Rejection; Haplo | 1973 |
4 trials available for azathioprine and Ischemia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
OKT3 prophylaxis improves long-term renal graft survival in high-risk patients as compared to cyclosporine: combined results from the prospective, randomized Belgian and US studies.
Topics: Actuarial Analysis; Azathioprine; Belgium; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Graft Rejection; | 1995 |
Immunosuppression for human saphenous vein allograft bypass surgery: a prospective randomized trial.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azathioprine; Cryopreservation; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Graft Rejection; | 1997 |
The influence of cold ischemia and donor age on renal allograft outcome in the cyclosporine era.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Azathioprine; Cold Temperature; Cyclosporine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression | 1992 |
Improved early course after cadaveric renal transplantation by reducing the cyclosporine dose and adding azathioprine.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cold Temperature; Creatinine; Cyclosporins; Drug Ther | 1987 |
37 other studies available for azathioprine and Ischemia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
TECHNIQUE OF RENAL HOMOTRANSPLANTATION. EXPERIENCE WITH 42 CASES.
Topics: Azathioprine; Dactinomycin; Diabetes Mellitus; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Humans; Intestinal Obstr | 1964 |
BABOON RENAL GRAFTS.
Topics: Allergy and Immunology; Animals; Azathioprine; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Group Antigens; Dextra | 1964 |
SIXTEEN CASES OF RENAL HOMOTRANSPLANTATION .
Topics: Anuria; Azathioprine; Blood Group Incompatibility; Dactinomycin; Glomerulonephritis; Hypertension; I | 1964 |
IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES IN HUMAN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION. 3. THE RELATIONSHIP OF DELAYED CUTANEOUS HYPERSENSITIVITY TO THE ONSET OF ATTEMPTED KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT REJECTION.
Topics: Adolescent; Allografts; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Azathioprine; Child; Dactinomycin; Drug Therapy; | 1964 |
Testicular ischemia due to intravascular large B-cell lymphoma: a novel presentation in an immunosuppressed individual.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplasti | 2003 |
The influence of mycophenolate mofetil and azathioprine on the same cadaveric donor renal transplantation.
Topics: ABO Blood-Group System; Adult; Azathioprine; Body Weight; Cadaver; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus | 2005 |
Early prognosis of 263 renal allografts harvested from non-heart-beating cadavers using an in situ cooling technique.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Azathioprine; Cadaver; Cyclosporine; Humans; Ischemia; Kidney; Kidney Transplant | 1995 |
Immunodepressants ameliorate normothermic ischemia injury to the rat liver by down-regulating tumor necrosis factor, not by alleviation of lipid peroxidative injury.
Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Animals; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ischemi | 1994 |
Azathioprine hypersensitivity.
Topics: Adult; Antirheumatic Agents; Azathioprine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; | 2001 |
Handling of phosphate by the transplanted kidney.
Topics: Azathioprine; Calcium; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Ischemia; Kidney Transplantation; | 1979 |
Antilymphocyte globulin with a small dose of cyclosporine A and prednisone as the induction of immunosuppression in renal allograft recipients.
Topics: Acute Disease; Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Th | 1992 |
Protection of pig liver against normothermic ischemia by immunosuppressants cyclosporine and azathioprine.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Female; Ischemia; Liver; Male; Swine; Tissue Preservation | 1992 |
A protective effect of FK506 in ischemically injured rat livers.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azathioprine; Cyclosporins; Female; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ischem | 1991 |
Beneficial effect of pretreatment with azathioprine on warm and cold ischemia of the swine liver.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Cold Temperature; Female; Hypertonic Solutions; Ischemia; Liver; Liver Transp | 1991 |
Evidence that azathioprine, as well as cyclosporine, ameliorates warm ischemia in the rat liver.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Cyclosporins; Ischemia; Lipid Peroxides; Liver; Liver Transplantation; Organ | 1990 |
Amplification of the nephrotoxic effect of cyclosporine by preexistent chronic histological lesions in the kidney.
Topics: Age Factors; Azathioprine; Creatine; Cyclosporins; Humans; Ischemia; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney | 1989 |
Does ATN influence renal transplant function negatively?
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Azathioprine; Cyclosporins; Graft Survival; Humans; Ischemia; Kidney; Kidney Fu | 1988 |
Cyclosporine immunosuppression and early kidney graft function.
Topics: Age Factors; Azathioprine; Calcium; Cyclosporins; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Ischemia; Kidne | 1988 |
Additive effects of cyclosporine and cold preservation upon the integrity of the renal cortical microcirculation.
Topics: Azathioprine; Cold Temperature; Cyclosporins; Humans; Ischemia; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Transplantatio | 1987 |
Cotton-wool exudates not observed in recipients of renal transplants treated with cyclosporine.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclosporins; Drug Therapy, Combination; F | 1986 |
Limiting factors in successful preservation of cadaveric kidneys with ischemia time exceeding 50 hours.
Topics: Azathioprine; Cadaver; Cold Temperature; Cyclosporins; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Ischemia; | 1987 |
Impact of immunosuppressive regimen on early posttransplant renal function.
Topics: Adult; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Cold Temperature; Cyclosporins; Female; Humans; Immunosup | 1987 |
Ciclosporin and ischemia time in renal transplant.
Topics: Azathioprine; Cadaver; Cold Temperature; Cyclosporins; Humans; Ischemia; Kidney; Kidney Transplantat | 1986 |
Colonic complications after renal transplantation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cadaver; Colectomy; Colitis; Colon; Diarrhea; Female; Gastrointesti | 1973 |
Tissue lactate dehydrogenase in cardiac transplantation. Toxic effect of azathioprine.
Topics: Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Azathioprine; Dogs; Graft vs Host Reaction; Heart; Heart Trans | 1973 |
Histochemical studies of canine renal homotransplants with special reference to alkaline phosphatase and its isoenzymes.
Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Azathioprine; Dactinomycin; Dogs; Enzymes | 1967 |
Extended survival in 3 cases of orthotopic homotransplantation of the human liver.
Topics: Acidosis; Azathioprine; Biliary Tract; Cadaver; Child, Preschool; Female; gamma-Globulins; Humans; I | 1968 |
Human heart transplantation.
Topics: Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; Azathioprine; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Output; Cardiomegaly; Car | 1969 |
[Prolonged ischemic tolerance time of the human liver with successful grafting (author's transl)].
Topics: Adolescent; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Blood Pressure; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Drug Ther | 1974 |
Significance of serum N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in tissue rejection.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Dogs; Glucosamine; Glycoside Hydrolases; Graft Rejection; Graft vs Host React | 1971 |
Ileocolonic problems after cadaveric renal transplantation.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Azathioprine; Cadaver; Colon; Colon, Sigmoid; Female; Humans; Ileum; Intestina | 1972 |
Calciphylaxis: etiology of progressive vascular calcification and gangrene?
Topics: Adult; Autopsy; Azathioprine; Calcinosis; Calciphylaxis; Female; Gangrene; Graft Rejection; Hand; Hu | 1973 |
Manifestations of rejection of pancreaticoduodenal allografts.
Topics: Amylases; Animals; Azathioprine; Blood Glucose; Dogs; Duodenum; Histocompatibility; Hyperglycemia; I | 1968 |
[Differential diagnosis of early jaundice after orthotopic transplantation of the liver in humans].
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cholestasis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ischemi | 1970 |
[Liver transplantation in man].
Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Azathioprine; Bile Duct Neoplasms; Brain Death; Brain Diseases; Electroencephalogra | 1970 |
Results of kidney transplantation in Poland.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cadaver; Child; Female; Histocompatibility Testing; Humans; Immunos | 1971 |
Histologic changes associated with rejection of canine lung transplants.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Dogs; Edema; Graft Rejection; Hemorrhage; Immunosuppression Therapy; | 1971 |