azathioprine has been researched along with Hepatolenticular Degeneration in 11 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration: A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "All patients with Wilson disease had hepatic copper levels greater than 400 microgram/gm dry weight, whereas patients with chronic active hepatitis had levels less than 300 microgram/gm dry weight." | 1.26 | Laboratory measures of copper metabolism in the differentiation of chronic active hepatitis and Wilson disease in children. ( Grand, RJ; Perman, JA; Watkins, JB; Werlin, SL, 1979) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 8 (72.73) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1 (9.09) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 2 (18.18) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Maier, KP | 1 |
| Kolts, BE | 1 |
| Spindel, E | 1 |
| Lohse, AW | 1 |
| Obermayer-Straub, P | 1 |
| Gerken, G | 1 |
| Brunner, S | 1 |
| Altes, U | 1 |
| Dienes, HP | 1 |
| Manns, MP | 1 |
| Meyer zum Büschenfelde, KH | 1 |
| Milkiewicz, P | 1 |
| Saksena, S | 1 |
| Hubscher, SG | 1 |
| Elias, E | 1 |
| Powell, LW | 1 |
| Tolman, KG | 1 |
| Perman, JA | 1 |
| Werlin, SL | 1 |
| Grand, RJ | 1 |
| Watkins, JB | 1 |
| Talke, H | 1 |
| Jensen, KB | 1 |
| Jarnum, S | 1 |
| Ranek, L | 1 |
| Westergaard, H | 1 |
| Groth, CG | 2 |
| Dubois, RS | 1 |
| Corman, J | 1 |
| Gustafsson, A | 1 |
| Iwatsuki, S | 1 |
| Rodgerson, DO | 1 |
| Halgrimson, CG | 1 |
| Starzl, TE | 2 |
| Torisu, M | 1 |
| Yokoyama, T | 1 |
| Kohler, PF | 1 |
| Durst, AL | 1 |
| Martineau, G | 1 |
| Schroter, G | 1 |
| Amemiya, H | 1 |
| Soloway, RD | 1 |
| Summerskill, WH | 1 |
4 reviews available for azathioprine and Hepatolenticular Degeneration
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
[Drug therapy in chronic liver disease].
Topics: Adenine; Administration, Oral; Anti-HIV Agents; Antiviral Agents; Azathioprine; Cholangitis, Scleros | 2005 |
Chronic active hepatitis.
Topics: alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug The | 1984 |
Wilson's disease with superimposed autoimmune features: report of two cases and review.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Copper; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hepatitis, Auto | 2000 |
Treatment of inflammatory and metal storage diseases of the liver.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Bloodletting; Chelating Agents; Chronic Disease; Copper; Fema | 1979 |
7 other studies available for azathioprine and Hepatolenticular Degeneration
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Development of cytochrome P450 2D6-specific LKM-autoantibodies following liver transplantation for Wilson's disease -- possible association with a steroid-resistant transplant rejection episode.
Topics: Adult; Antibody Specificity; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; Dr | 1999 |
Laboratory measures of copper metabolism in the differentiation of chronic active hepatitis and Wilson disease in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Ceruloplasmin; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Copper; Di | 1979 |
[Treatment of liver cirrhosis and its complications].
Topics: Ascites; Azathioprine; Barbiturates; Hemochromatosis; Hepatic Encephalopathy; Hepatolenticular Degen | 1979 |
IgM turnover in chronic liver disease.
Topics: Azathioprine; Blood Volume; Chromatography, Gel; Creatinine; Female; Hepatitis; Hepatolenticular Deg | 1972 |
Metabolic effects of hepatic replacement in Wilson's disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Bilirubin; Ceruloplasmin; Child; Copper; Cyclophosph | 1973 |
Serum complement after orthotopic transplantation of the human liver.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cholestasis; Chronic Disease; Complement System Proteins; Graft Rej | 1972 |
Chronic active liver disease: classification and treatment.
Topics: Aspartate Aminotransferases; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differen | 1973 |