azathioprine has been researched along with Exophthalmos in 14 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
Exophthalmos: Abnormal protrusion of both eyes; may be caused by endocrine gland malfunction, malignancy, injury, or paralysis of the extrinsic muscles of the eye.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "To report a case of localized orbital Castleman's disease of mixed cell type with a follow-up of 20 years." | 1.31 | Castleman's disease in the orbit. A 20-year follow-up. ( Alyahya, GA; Heegaard, S; Prause, JU, 2002) |
| "Azathioprine treatment did not significantly influence these parameters, although it did induce significant decrease in thyroid microsomal antibodies and in thyroid-stimulating hormone binding inhibiting immunoglobulin index." | 1.28 | Azathioprine in the treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. ( Crombie, AL; Kendall-Taylor, P; Perros, P; Weightman, DR, 1990) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 6 (42.86) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 3 (21.43) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (21.43) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 2 (14.29) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Kohli, R | 1 |
| Siva, C | 1 |
| Osborne, SF | 1 |
| Sims, JL | 1 |
| Rosser, PM | 1 |
| Beji, S | 1 |
| Fatma, LB | 1 |
| Chebbi, A | 1 |
| Rais, L | 1 |
| Krid, M | 1 |
| Smaoui, W | 1 |
| Maiz, HB | 1 |
| Zouaghi, K | 1 |
| Moussa, FB | 1 |
| Alyahya, GA | 1 |
| Prause, JU | 1 |
| Heegaard, S | 1 |
| Sakata, K | 1 |
| Hareyama, M | 1 |
| Oouchi, A | 1 |
| Shidou, M | 1 |
| Nagakura, H | 1 |
| Morita, K | 1 |
| Osanai, H | 1 |
| Ohtsuka, K | 1 |
| Hinoda, Y | 1 |
| Hoberg, EP | 1 |
| Ebinger, W | 1 |
| Render, JA | 1 |
| Lai, YH | 1 |
| Wang, HZ | 1 |
| Tsai, RK | 1 |
| Hoyt, WF | 1 |
| Lee, BF | 1 |
| Aquino, CS | 1 |
| Coelho, JC | 1 |
| Tendrich, M | 1 |
| Gonçalves Filho, CA | 1 |
| Pinto, JC | 1 |
| Pontes, JP | 1 |
| Perros, P | 1 |
| Weightman, DR | 1 |
| Crombie, AL | 1 |
| Kendall-Taylor, P | 1 |
| Pilarska, K | 1 |
| Czekalski, S | 1 |
| Syrenicz, A | 1 |
| Andrzejewska, W | 1 |
| Krzystolik, Z | 1 |
| Przerwa, D | 1 |
| Daniel, B | 1 |
| Winand, R | 2 |
| Mahieu, P | 1 |
| Lavergne, G | 1 |
| Burrow, GN | 1 |
| Mitchell, MS | 1 |
| Howard, RO | 1 |
| Morrow, LB | 1 |
| Cattan, D | 1 |
| Caen, J | 1 |
| Fernandez, Y | 1 |
| Izard, J | 1 |
| Leclere, H | 1 |
| Tanguy, A | 1 |
| Lemenager, J | 1 |
2 trials available for azathioprine and Exophthalmos
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
[Step-by-step treatment of progressive edematous-infiltrative ophthalmopathy in Graves' disease. Results of the first stage of treatment with glucocorticoids and glucocorticoids with azathioprine].
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dexamethasone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Exophthalmo | 1988 |
Immunosuppressive therapy for the eye changes of Graves' disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Conjunctiva; Diplopia; Exop | 1970 |
12 other studies available for azathioprine and Exophthalmos
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Diplopia, Proptosis, and Joint Pain: Possibility of Osseous and Orbital Sarcoidosis.
Topics: Adult; Arthralgia; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Diplopia; Exophthalmos; Finger Phalanges; Humans; Lacrimal | 2018 |
Short-term use of Infliximab in a case of recalcitrant idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Azathioprine; Blepharoptosis; Drug Therapy, Combin | 2009 |
A case of exorbitism in association with Wegener's granulomatosis with renal involvement.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Cyclo | 2012 |
Castleman's disease in the orbit. A 20-year follow-up.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Castleman Disease; Combined Modality Therapy; Exophthalmos; Female; Follow-Up S | 2002 |
Radiotherapy in the management of Graves' ophthalmopathy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Combined Modality Therapy; Decompression, Surgical; Disease Management; E | 1998 |
Fatal cysticercosis by Taenia crassiceps (Cyclophyllidea: Taeniidae) in a presumed immunocompromised canine host.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Cysticercosis; Cysticercus; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Exophthalmos; Fatal Outcome; | 1999 |
Bilateral orbital pseudotumor with suprasellar and pulmonary involvement: report of a case.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Brain Diseases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Exophthalmos; Glucocorticoids; Granu | 2000 |
[Malignant ophthalmopathy. Results of corticosteroid therapy associated with a cytotoxic immunosuppressive agent].
Topics: Azathioprine; Dexamethasone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Exophthalmos; Graves Disease; Humans; Long-A | 1978 |
Azathioprine in the treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
Topics: Azathioprine; Drug Evaluation; Exophthalmos; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; M | 1990 |
Prevention of malignant exophthalmos after treatment of thyrotoxicosis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Exophthalmos; Humans; Hyperthyroidism | 1973 |
[Endocrine exophthalmos].
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aged; Animals; Azathioprine | 1973 |
[Chronic thrombopenic purpura. Hyperthyroidism, pretibial myxedema and L.A.T.S].
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Chronic Disease; Exophthalmos; Female; Glucocortico | 1970 |