azathioprine has been researched along with Escherichia coli Infections in 26 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
Escherichia coli Infections: Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
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"In an open-label study, 6 patients with moderately active SLE (4 with nephritis and 3 with arthritis refractory to other therapies) were given 4 300-mg doses of infliximab, a chimeric anti-TNFalpha antibody, in addition to immunosuppression with azathioprine or methotrexate." | 3.72 | Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus: an open-label study. ( Aringer, M; Graninger, WB; Smolen, JS; Steiner, G, 2004) |
"Pemphigus vulgaris is an uncommon auto-immune disease which responds well to treatment with corticosteroids and azathioprine." | 3.68 | Immunosuppressive therapy for pemphigus vulgaris complicated by malakoplakia of the bladder. ( Allen, FJ; Heyns, CF; Jordaan, HF; Schneider, J, 1990) |
"We review the pathogenesis of malakoplakia and report a novel form of treatment successfully used in an 8-week-old infant with bilateral renal malakoplakia." | 2.38 | Renal parenchymal malakoplakia--a case report and review of the literature. ( Milford, DV; Raafat, F; Saleem, MA; White, RH, 1993) |
"Studies of 4 patients with malakoplakia--2 renal transplant recipients, 1 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 1 patient with polymyositis--are reported." | 1.27 | Malakoplakia and immunosuppressive therapy. Reversal of clinical and leukocyte abnormalities after withdrawal of prednisone and azathioprine. ( Bear, RA; Biggar, WD; Cardella, C; Crawford, L; Gladman, D; Reynolds, WJ, 1985) |
"The etiology of malakoplakia should be identified for each patient if appropriate treatment is to be given." | 1.26 | Malakoplakia: evidence for an acquired disease secondary to immunosuppression. ( Bear, RA; Biggar, WD; Keating, A, 1981) |
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 20 (76.92) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 3 (11.54) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 1 (3.85) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 2 (7.69) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
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Hooper, KM | 1 |
Casanova, V | 1 |
Kemp, S | 1 |
Staines, KA | 1 |
Satsangi, J | 1 |
Barlow, PG | 1 |
Henderson, P | 1 |
Stevens, C | 1 |
Barbouch, S | 1 |
Cherif, M | 1 |
Ounissi, M | 1 |
Karoui, C | 1 |
Mzoughi, S | 1 |
Hamida, FB | 1 |
Abderrahim, E | 1 |
Bozouita, A | 1 |
Abdalla, T | 1 |
Kheder, A | 1 |
RIFKIND, D | 1 |
MARCHIORO, TL | 1 |
WADDELL, WR | 1 |
STARZL, TE | 1 |
Aringer, M | 1 |
Graninger, WB | 1 |
Steiner, G | 1 |
Smolen, JS | 1 |
Roberts, JA | 1 |
Domingue, GJ | 1 |
Martin, LN | 1 |
Kim, JC | 1 |
Rangan, SR | 1 |
Shcherbakova, EG | 1 |
Alekhin, EK | 1 |
Rastunova, GA | 1 |
Lazareva, DN | 1 |
Sobolev, VR | 1 |
Biggar, WD | 2 |
Keating, A | 1 |
Bear, RA | 2 |
Pattison, CP | 1 |
Moeller, DD | 1 |
Saleem, MA | 1 |
Milford, DV | 1 |
Raafat, F | 1 |
White, RH | 1 |
Hjort, EF | 1 |
Liska, M | 6 |
Hatala, M | 6 |
Hasková, V | 2 |
Bednarík, T | 1 |
Ruder, H | 1 |
Thurn, C | 1 |
Guggenbichler, JP | 1 |
Jordaan, HF | 1 |
Heyns, CF | 1 |
Allen, FJ | 1 |
Schneider, J | 1 |
Gleeson, MJ | 1 |
McMullin, JP | 1 |
Solomon, LR | 1 |
Martin, S | 1 |
Short, CD | 1 |
Lawler, W | 1 |
Gokal, R | 1 |
Johnson, RW | 1 |
Mallick, NP | 1 |
Crawford, L | 1 |
Cardella, C | 1 |
Gladman, D | 1 |
Reynolds, WJ | 1 |
Ku, G | 1 |
Varghese, Z | 1 |
Fernando, ON | 1 |
Baillod, R | 1 |
Hopewell, JP | 1 |
Moorhead, JF | 1 |
Baardsen, A | 1 |
Midtvedt, T | 1 |
Trippestad, A | 1 |
Larrieu, AJ | 1 |
Rodríguez, MS | 1 |
Santiago Delpín, EA | 1 |
Spousta, J | 1 |
Málek, P | 1 |
Brinkmeyer, B | 1 |
Loew, H | 1 |
Ritzerfeld, W | 1 |
Gansová, E | 1 |
Briggs, WA | 1 |
Merrill, JP | 1 |
O'Brien, TF | 1 |
Wilson, RE | 1 |
Birtch, AG | 1 |
Murray, JE | 1 |
Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
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A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II, Multi-Center Study for Treatment of Lupus Nephritis by Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Using Etanercept[NCT00447265] | Phase 2 | 1 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2008-02-29 | Terminated (stopped due to The perceived risk-benefit ratio for individuals with early active RA) | ||
A Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo Controlled, Multi-Center Trial of Anti-TNF-alpha Chimeric Monoclonal Antibody (Infliximab) and Azathioprine in Patients Suffering From Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) With WHO Class V Glomerulonephritis[NCT00368264] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 1 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2006-09-30 | Terminated (stopped due to Failure to recruit patients with membranous lupus nephritis not previously treated with azathioprine .) | ||
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] |
"Number of adverse events (AEs) or serious adverse events (SAEs) Grade 3 or higher experienced by participant over the duration of the treatment period. [1]~[1] This study graded the severity of AEs experienced by the study participant according to the criteria set forth in the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 3.0." (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: 24 Weeks
Intervention | Events (Number) |
---|---|
Etanercept | 0 |
Number of participant AEs during the trial. This study graded the severity of AEs experienced by the study participant according to the criteria set forth in the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 3.0. (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: 39 Weeks
Intervention | Events (Number) |
---|---|
Etanercept | 3 |
Reported here is the number of participants with a change in their BILAG Musculoskeletal Score from B (at baseline) to D (at week 24). A single alphabetic score (A through E) is used to denote disease severity. The BILAG score is a converted numerical score (A=9, B=3, C=1, D=0, E=0).A maximum musculoskeletal score of 9 signifies higher disease activity and a score of 0 is indicative of inactive systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the specified organ system. (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24
Intervention | Participants (Number) |
---|---|
Etanercept | 1 |
Reported here is the number of participants with a change in their BILAG Mucocutaneous Score from C (at baseline) to B (at week 24). A single alphabetic score (A through E) is used to denote disease severity. The BILAG score is a converted numerical score (A=9, B=3, C=1, D=0, E=0). A maximum mucocutaneous score of 9 signifies higher disease activity and a score of 0 is indicative of inactive systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the specified organ system. (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24
Intervention | Participants (Number) |
---|---|
Etanercept | 1 |
Reported here is the number of participants with a change in their BILAG Renal Score from A (at baseline) to B (at week 24). A single alphabetic score (A through E) is used to denote disease severity. The BILAG score is a converted numerical score (A=9, B=3, C=1, D=0, E=0).A maximum renal score of 9 signifies higher disease activity and a score of 0 is indicative of inactive systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the specified organ system (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24
Intervention | Participants (Number) |
---|---|
Etanercept | 1 |
"Percent of study participants who achieved a renal response at 24 weeks.[1]~[1]A renal response is defined as: 1) 50% reduction in proteinuria compared to baseline as measured by urinary protein: creatinine ratio; and 2) stable or improving renal function as defined by the Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated based on the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation (Levy, AS, Coresh J, Galk E et al, National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann Intern Med, 139(2): 137-47, 2003)" (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: Week 24
Intervention | Percent of Participants (Number) |
---|---|
Etanercept | 100 |
"Time to when participant achieved a renal response[1]~[1]A renal response is defined as: 1) 50% reduction in proteinuria compared to baseline as measured by urinary protein: creatinine ratio; and 2) stable or improving renal function as defined by the Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated based on the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation (Levy, AS, Coresh J, Galk E et al, National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann Intern Med, 139(2): 137-47, 2003)" (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: First 24 Weeks of Study Period
Intervention | Weeks (Number) |
---|---|
Etanercept | 24 |
"Reported here are the participant SF-36 Mental Component scores at baseline and week 24. The SF-36 measures 8 domains: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, bodily pain, social functioning, mental health, role limitations due to emotional problems, vitality, and general health perceptions.[1] The Mental Component score of the SF-36 ranges from 0 to 100; 0 equals worst health state. Higher numbers reported here indicate more improvement in condition from baseline.~[1]Ref: Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS36-item short-form health survey. Med Care. 1992; 30:473-483" (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24
Intervention | Score on a scale (Number) | |
---|---|---|
Baseline SF-36 Mental Component Score | Week 24 SF-36 Mental Component Score | |
Etanercept | 31.4 | 52.3 |
"Reported here is the participant baseline and week 24 SF-36 Physical Component scores. The SF-36 measures 8 domains: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, body pain, social functioning, mental health, role limitations due to emotional problems, vitality, and general health perceptions[1]. The Physical Component scores of the SF-36 range from 0 to 100; 0 equals worst health state. Higher numbers reported here indicate more improvement in condition from baseline.~[1]Ref: Ware JE, Sherbourne CD. The MOS36-item short-form health survey Med Care. 1992; 30:473-483." (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 24
Intervention | Score on a scale (Number) | |
---|---|---|
Baseline SF-36 Physical Component Score | Week 24 SF-36 Physical Component Score | |
Etanercept | 44.4 | 42.3 |
Reported here is the baseline and week 39 Systematic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) scores. The SLEDAI is a concise measure of lupus disease activity with excellent test-retest reliability and high responsiveness to clinically important changes in the disease. The total score is derived from ratings on 24 conditions plus the Physician's Global Assessment; 0 indicates inactive disease and the maximum theoretical score is 105, with higher scores representing increased disease activity. (NCT00447265)
Timeframe: Baseline, Week 39 (Early Study Withdrawal Visit)
Intervention | Points on a scale (Number) | |
---|---|---|
Baseline SLEDAI Score | Week 39 SLEDAI score | |
Etanercept | 22 | 8 |
1 review available for azathioprine and Escherichia coli Infections
Article | Year |
---|---|
Renal parenchymal malakoplakia--a case report and review of the literature.
Topics: Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Malacoplakia; Nephri | 1993 |
25 other studies available for azathioprine and Escherichia coli Infections
Article | Year |
---|---|
The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Drug Azathioprine Induces Autophagy via mTORC1 and the Unfolded Protein Response Sensor PERK.
Topics: Adolescent; Autophagy; Azathioprine; Case-Control Studies; Child; eIF-2 Kinase; Escherichia coli; Es | 2019 |
Urinary tract infections following renal transplantation: a single-center experience.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Chi-Square Distribution; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; | 2012 |
INFECTIOUS DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH RENAL HOMOTRANSPLANTATION.
Topics: Adolescent; Agammaglobulinemia; Agranulocytosis; Azathioprine; Bacteriophage Typing; Child; Diagnosi | 1964 |
Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus: an open-label study.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Bacter | 2004 |
Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus: an open-label study.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Bacter | 2004 |
Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus: an open-label study.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Bacter | 2004 |
Safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in systemic lupus erythematosus: an open-label study.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Bacter | 2004 |
Immunology of pyelonephritis in the primate model. II. Effect on immunosuppression.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Cytomegalovirus; Dis | 1981 |
[Stimulation of nonspecific body resistance in transplantation].
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Escherichia coli Infections; Immunit | 1980 |
Malakoplakia: evidence for an acquired disease secondary to immunosuppression.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Immunosuppres | 1981 |
Escherichia coli osteomyelitis after sepsis in regional enteritis: report of a case.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Crohn Disease; Escherichia coli Infections; Femur; Humans; Immunosuppression Th | 1982 |
Continued experimental study on the pathogenesis of sporadic bacteriuria in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Bacteriuria; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Hepatecto | 1979 |
Effects of various immunosuppressive drugs on the development of experimental renal infection in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Escherichia coli; Esc | 1975 |
Adherence of E. coli to uroepithelia in children and adolescents after renal transplantation.
Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Bacterial Adhesion; Child; Epithelium; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli | 1992 |
Immunosuppressive therapy for pemphigus vulgaris complicated by malakoplakia of the bladder.
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Malacopl | 1990 |
Spontaneous pneumoretroperitoneum in a renal transplant recipient.
Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Kidney Tra | 1988 |
Late cellular rejection in renal transplant recipients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Follow-U | 1986 |
Malakoplakia and immunosuppressive therapy. Reversal of clinical and leukocyte abnormalities after withdrawal of prednisone and azathioprine.
Topics: Abscess; Adult; Azathioprine; Carbachol; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Humans; Kidney Transpl | 1985 |
[Reduced resistance to infection in immunosuppression and its modification through previous immunization. (Preliminary report)].
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Immunization; Immunosuppressive Agents; Mice | 1968 |
[Effect of passive immunization on experimental Colibacillary sepsis in mice under conditions of immunosuppression].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Immune Sera; Immunity, Act | 1972 |
Serum IgG and renal transplantation.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Creatinine; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Graft Rejection; Hematocrit; H | 1973 |
Influence of azathioprine on humoral defence factors against Escherichia coli in germfree and monocontaminated rats.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Complement System Proteins; | 1973 |
Results of the nitroblue tetrazolium test in experimental immunosuppression.
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Bacterial Infections; Dogs; Escherichia coli Infections; Immunosuppression Th | 1974 |
[Effect of active immunization on the course of infections in the stage of beginning and progressed immunosuppression].
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Immunity; Immunization; Mice | 1969 |
[Therapy of experimental infection using gentamycin and carbenicillin during immunosuppression].
Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Carbenicillin; Drug Synergism; Escherichia coli Infections; Gentamicins; Hydr | 1971 |
[The experimental studies of anticorporeal administration of azathioprine].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Escherichia coli Infections; Hema | 1971 |
The effect of antilymphocyte serum, imuran and hydrocortisone on the development of colibacillary infection in mice.
Topics: Animals; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Drug Synergism; Escherichia coli Infections; Hydrocorti | 1971 |
Severe pneumonia in renal transplant patients. One year's experience.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aspergillosis; Azathioprine; Child; Escherichia coli Infec | 1971 |