Page last updated: 2024-10-23

azathioprine and Carditis

azathioprine has been researched along with Carditis in 75 studies

Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Six patients with myocarditis documented by biopsy, after a baseline right heart catheterization and echocardiogram, underwent treatment with azathioprine and prednisone."7.67Lack of objective improvement in ventricular systolic function in patients with myocarditis treated with azathioprine and prednisone. ( Hosenpud, JD; McAnulty, JH; Niles, NR, 1985)
"FLM 5011 has been shown to be protective against arachidonic acid-induced bronchoconstriction in vitro and in vivo."6.66Antiinflammatory effect of a lipoxygenase inhibitor (FLM 5011) in severe active myocarditis. ( Förster, A; Geissler, W; Meyer, R; Rapoport, SM; Reisinger, I; Romaniuk, P; Schewe, T; Slapke, J, 1988)
"Chronic non-viral myocarditis, also called inflammatory cardiomyopathy, can be treated with immune suppression on tops of optimal medical therapy (OMT) for heart failure, using a combination of prednisolone and azathioprine (IPA)."5.05Prednisone and azathioprine in patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy: systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Ali, O; Barradas-Pires, A; Henkens, M; Heymans, S; Negishi, K; Timmermans, P, 2020)
"patients were enrolled in this prospective cohort study and were treated with MMF, as the initial treatment in case of concomitant systemic immune diseases (SIDs), or as rescue therapy in isolated myocarditis intolerant/resistant to azathioprine."3.96Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil in patients with virus-negative lymphocytic myocarditis: A prospective cohort study. ( Basso, C; Campochiaro, C; Candela, C; Dagna, L; De Luca, G; Della Bella, P; Esposito, A; Palmisano, A; Peretto, G; Rizzo, S; Sala, S; Sartorelli, S; Thiene, G, 2020)
"Out of 652 biopsied patients, 112 had a histological diagnosis of active lymphocytic myocarditis; 41 of these 112 patients were characterized by progressive heart failure despite conventional therapy and were treated with prednisone and azathioprine for 6 months."3.72Immunosuppressive therapy for active lymphocytic myocarditis: virological and immunologic profile of responders versus nonresponders. ( Calabrese, F; Chimenti, C; Frustaci, A; Maseri, A; Pieroni, M; Thiene, G, 2003)
"An unusual case of giant cell myocarditis presenting with cardiogenic shock that dramatically responded to conventional dose of steroids and azathioprine is reported."3.70Giant cell myocarditis responding to immunosuppressive therapy. ( Chimenti, C; Frustaci, A; Gentiloni, N; Pieroni, M, 2000)
"Sixteen patients (12 male and 4 female, age 2-46 years) with endomyocardial biopsy-proven myocarditis were prospectively evaluated with immunosuppressive therapy including azathioprine and prednisolone in addition to other standard measures."3.68Immunosuppressive therapy in inflammatory myocarditis: long-term follow-up. ( Chopra, P; Dev, V; Goswami, KC; Malhotra, A; Shrivastava, S; Talwar, KK, 1992)
"To analyse hemodynamic parameters (left ventricles ejection fraction, cardiac index, mean pulmonary wedge pressure and left ventricle diastolic diameter, in a group of children with active myocarditis (diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy) pre and post treatment with conventional therapy and immunosuppressive drugs (isolated prednisone or prednisone associated with azathioprine or cyclosporine)."3.68[Immunosuppressive drugs for the treatment of active myocarditis in children. Hemodynamic evaluation]. ( Albuquerque, AM; Camargo, PR; Costa, R; Ebaid, M; Higuchi, ML; Mazzieri, R; Meneghetti, C; Pileggi, F; Ratti, M; Snitcowsky, R, 1990)
"The immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine or cyclosporine plus prednisone leads to decrease of active myocarditis intensity in a higher proportion of cases than the treatment with only prednisone or no immunosuppressive drugs."3.68[Histologic response of the myocardium to various immunosuppressor schedules in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and diagnosis of myocarditis at endomyocardial biopsy]. ( Aiello, VD; Camargo, PR; Ebaid, M; Fiorelli, A; Higuchi, Mde L; Mazzieri, R; Pileggi, F; Snitcowsky, R, 1990)
"Twenty patients (13 males and seven females) with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of myocarditis underwent a period of treatment with prednisone and azathioprine."3.67Immunosuppressive treatment in myocarditis. ( Camerini, F; Di Lenarda, A; Dreas, L; Salvi, A; Silvestri, F, 1989)
"Thirty-four patients with history of congestive heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, and biopsy-proven lymphocytic myocarditis were treated for six months with immunosuppressive agents (prednisone and azathioprine) in addition to standard therapy for congestive heart failure."3.67Lymphocytic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy: treatment with immunosuppressive agents. ( Badhwar, K; Bott-Silverman, C; Hobbs, RE; Pelegrin, D; Ratliff, NB; Rincon, G; Sterba, R, 1989)
" Immunosuppressive therapy with prednisolone 2 mg/kg/d and azathioprine 2 mg/kg/d was added on the assumption of chronic myocarditis (n = 4) or endocardial fibrosis (n = 2)."3.67[Immunosuppressive treatment of chronic myocarditis]. ( Proll, E; Salzer-Muhar, U; Schlemmer, M; Strigl, E; Wimmer, M, 1988)
"Of 202 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, 84 patients with increased HLA expression were randomized to receive either immunosuppression or placebo for 3 months; they were then followed for 2 years."2.70Randomized, placebo-controlled study for immunosuppressive treatment of inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy: two-year follow-up results. ( Glanowska, G; Niklewski, T; Nowalany-Kozielska, E; Polonski, L; Rozek, MM; Wilczewski, P; Wodniecki, J; Wojciechowska, C; Wojnicz, R; Zembala, M, 2001)
"Our results do not support routine treatment of myocarditis with immunosuppressive drugs."2.68A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators. ( Billingham, ME; Herskowitz, A; Mason, JW; McManus, BM; Moon, TE; O'Connell, JB; Rose, NR, 1995)
"Prednisone was administered to all patients; one patient also received azathioprine."2.67Immunosuppressive therapy in the management of acute myocarditis in children: a clinical trial. ( Benson, LN; Chan, KY; Freedom, RM; Iwahara, M; Wilson, GJ, 1991)
"FLM 5011 has been shown to be protective against arachidonic acid-induced bronchoconstriction in vitro and in vivo."2.66Antiinflammatory effect of a lipoxygenase inhibitor (FLM 5011) in severe active myocarditis. ( Förster, A; Geissler, W; Meyer, R; Rapoport, SM; Reisinger, I; Romaniuk, P; Schewe, T; Slapke, J, 1988)
"Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the myocardium accompanied by myocellular necrosis."2.49Corticosteroids for viral myocarditis. ( Chen, HS; Liu, JP; Wang, W; Wu, SN, 2013)
"Myocarditis is the inflammation of the myocardial tissue, primarily caused by viral infection."1.43[Effect of immune therapy in the prognosis of viral myocarditis in pediatric patients]. ( González-Espinosa, AM; López-Gallegos, D; Márquez-González, H; Yáñez-Gutiérrez, L; Zamudio-López, JO, 2016)
"Endomyocarditis with mitral valve regurgitation, multiple hepatic infarction, and pulmonary hemorrhage developed later."1.35Leukocytoclastic vasculitis with severe cardiac involvement in an infant: a case report. ( Chiang, BL; Hsiao, CH; Hung, JT; Lee, JH; Wang, LC; Yang, YH; Yu, HH, 2008)
"Meningococcal meningitis is itself uncommon, with a morbidity of approximately 1."1.31[Secondary immunologically-caused myocarditis, pericarditis and exudative pleuritis due to meningococcal meningitis]. ( Berwing, K; Damaschke, HJ; Stange, K, 2001)
"In 1985, myocarditis was diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy in a 53-year-old woman who was free of symptoms of heart insufficiency."1.29Enterovirus-induced myocarditis: hemodynamic deterioration with immunosuppressive therapy and successful application of interferon-alpha. ( Figulla, HR; Heim, A; Kandolf, R; Kreuzer, H; Stille-Siegener, M, 1994)
" After our early experience with group 1, we attempted to use a lower cyclosporine dosage in group 2."1.29Heart transplantation for chronic Chagas' heart disease. ( Amato-Neto, V; Bacal, F; Bellotti, G; Bocchi, EA; Fiorelli, A; Higuchi, ML; Jatene, AD; Mocelin, AO; Pileggi, F; Stolf, NA; Uip, D, 1996)
"Biopsies then taken revealed recurrence of myocarditis in the transplanted heart."1.28Response of recurrent giant cell myocarditis in a transplanted heart to intensive immunosuppression. ( Kong, G; Madden, B; Mitchell, A; Pomerance, A; Spyrou, N; Yacoub, M, 1991)
"Myocarditis was strongly suspected clinically in all cases, yet was unconfirmed on initial right ventricular biopsy."1.28"Borderline" myocarditis: an indication for repeat endomyocardial biopsy. ( Dec, GW; Fallon, JT; Palacios, I; Southern, JF, 1990)
" The initial dosage is 1."1.27Immunosuppressive therapy in the management of biopsy proven acute myocarditis. ( Richardson, PJ, 1985)

Research

Studies (75)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199020 (26.67)18.7374
1990's24 (32.00)18.2507
2000's14 (18.67)29.6817
2010's11 (14.67)24.3611
2020's6 (8.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Chimenti, C8
Russo, MA3
Frustaci, A8
De Luca, G2
Campochiaro, C2
Sartorelli, S2
Peretto, G3
Sala, S2
Palmisano, A2
Esposito, A2
Candela, C1
Basso, C2
Rizzo, S2
Thiene, G3
Della Bella, P2
Dagna, L2
Fanouriakis, A1
Tziolos, N1
Bertsias, G1
Boumpas, DT1
Timmermans, P1
Barradas-Pires, A1
Ali, O1
Henkens, M1
Heymans, S1
Negishi, K1
Barzaghi, F1
Cicalese, MP1
Di Resta, C1
Slavich, M1
Benedetti, S1
Giangiobbe, S1
De Cobelli, F1
Gulletta, S1
Casari, G1
Aiuti, A1
Blagova, OV1
Aliyeva, IN1
Nedostup, AV1
Kogan, EA1
Komarov, RN1
Chernyavsky, SV1
Seslavinskaya, VV1
Shelukha, PA1
Sedov, VP1
Gagarina, NV1
Mershina, EA1
Sinitsyn, VE1
Fomin, VV1
Burke, PA1
Malebranche, L1
Gakhal, M1
Rahman, E1
Saltzberg, M1
Chen, HS1
Wang, W1
Wu, SN1
Liu, JP1
Fozing, T1
Zouri, N1
Tost, A1
Breit, R1
Seeck, G1
Koch, C1
Oezbek, C1
Mavrogeni, S1
Ntoskas, T1
Gialafos, E1
Karabela, G1
Krommida, M1
Gatzonis, S1
Siatouni, A1
Kolovou, G1
Zouvelou, V1
Stamboulis, E1
Ng, F1
Chiong, FJ1
Buchanan, R1
Burrell, LM1
Weitsman, T1
Weisz, G1
Keren, A1
Hasin, T1
Latushko, A1
Ghazi, LJ1
Márquez-González, H1
López-Gallegos, D1
González-Espinosa, AM1
Zamudio-López, JO1
Yáñez-Gutiérrez, L1
Kadota, S1
Takeuchi, Y1
Izuhara, M1
Baba, O1
Shioji, K1
Uegaito, T1
Kadota, E1
Matsuda, M1
Cooper, LT2
Hare, JM1
Tazelaar, HD2
Edwards, WD1
Starling, RC1
Deng, MC1
Menon, S1
Mullen, GM1
Jaski, B1
Bailey, KR1
Cunningham, MW1
Dec, GW3
Pursnani, A1
Yee, H1
Slater, W1
Sarswat, N1
Daumas, A1
Bernard, F1
Jacquier, A1
Rossi, P1
Francès, Y1
Granel, B1
Möller, K1
Klingel, K1
Kaiser, U1
Thum, M1
Bönig, A1
Kandolf, R2
Hasenfuss, G1
Scholz, KH1
Calabrese, F2
Pieroni, M5
Maseri, A4
Kotova, AA1
Paleev, PN1
Suchkov, SV1
Paleev, NR1
DEPASQUALE, NP1
BURCH, GE1
PENA, E1
REEMTSMA, K1
Hia, CP1
Yip, WC1
Tai, BC1
Quek, SC1
Kono, K1
Salvatori, L1
Morgante, E1
Sale, P1
Ferretti, E1
Petrangeli, E1
Gulino, A1
Hung, JT1
Yang, YH1
Hsiao, CH1
Yu, HH1
Lee, JH1
Wang, LC1
Chiang, BL1
Feneley, MP1
Gavaghan, TP1
Ralston, M1
Hickie, JB1
Baron, DW1
Vignola, PA1
Aonuma, K1
Swaye, PS1
Rozanski, JJ1
Blankstein, RL1
Benson, J1
Gosselin, AJ1
Lister, JW1
Daly, K1
Richardson, PJ2
Olsen, EG1
Morgan-Capner, P1
McSorley, C1
Jackson, G1
Jewitt, DE1
Mason, JW3
Billingham, ME2
Ricci, DR1
O'Connell, JB2
Herskowitz, A2
Rose, NR1
McManus, BM1
Moon, TE1
Gehrke, D1
Herzum, M2
Schönian, U2
Klein, HH1
Drude, L1
Mennel, HD1
Maisch, B3
Hengstenberg, C1
Hufnagel, G1
Bethge, C1
Bittinger, A1
Neumann, K1
Heim, A1
Stille-Siegener, M1
Kreuzer, H1
Figulla, HR1
Bocchi, EA1
Bellotti, G2
Mocelin, AO1
Uip, D1
Bacal, F1
Higuchi, ML3
Amato-Neto, V1
Fiorelli, A2
Stolf, NA1
Jatene, AD2
Pileggi, F4
Brown, CA1
Olszowska, M1
Tracz, W1
Kokoszka, M1
Pieniazek, P1
Przewłocki, T1
Hlawaty, M1
Podolec, P1
Frasik, W1
Lazar, A1
Dziatkowiak, A1
Menghini, VV1
Savcenko, V1
Olson, LJ1
Kao, A1
Gentiloni, N1
Stange, K1
Damaschke, HJ1
Berwing, K1
Wojnicz, R1
Nowalany-Kozielska, E1
Wojciechowska, C1
Glanowska, G1
Wilczewski, P1
Niklewski, T1
Zembala, M1
Polonski, L1
Rozek, MM1
Wodniecki, J1
Schein, PS1
Winokur, SH1
Dragatakis, LN1
Klassen, J1
Hüttner, I1
Fraser, DG1
Poirier, NL1
Klassen, GA1
Desjardins, V1
Pelletier, G1
Leung, TK1
Waters, D1
Talwar, KK1
Goswami, KC1
Chopra, P1
Dev, V1
Shrivastava, S1
Malhotra, A1
Jones, SR1
Hutchins, GM2
Baughman, KL2
Förster, A2
Geissler, W2
Meyer, R2
Romaniuk, P2
Reisinger, I2
Müller, S1
Chan, KY1
Iwahara, M1
Benson, LN1
Wilson, GJ1
Freedom, RM1
Kong, G1
Madden, B1
Spyrou, N1
Pomerance, A1
Mitchell, A1
Yacoub, M1
Camargo, PR2
Mazzieri, R2
Snitcowsky, R2
Ratti, M1
Costa, R1
Albuquerque, AM1
Meneghetti, C1
Ebaid, M2
Arteaga-Fernánez, E1
Barretto, AC1
Mady, C1
Fiorelli, AI1
Higuchi, Mde L1
Aiello, VD1
Fallon, JT1
Southern, JF1
Palacios, I1
Midei, MG1
DeMent, SH1
Feldman, AM1
Kumada, T1
Kawai, C1
Bilińska, ZT1
Ruzyłło, W1
Lubiszewska, B1
Gajewski, W1
Salvi, A1
Di Lenarda, A1
Dreas, L1
Silvestri, F1
Camerini, F1
Hobbs, RE1
Pelegrin, D1
Ratliff, NB1
Bott-Silverman, C1
Rincon, G1
Sterba, R1
Badhwar, K1
Leroy, O1
Asseman, P1
Traisnel, G1
Durand, P1
Beuscart, R1
Dewilde, A1
Wattré, P1
Théry, C1
Schewe, T1
Rapoport, SM1
Slapke, J1
Wimmer, M1
Proll, E1
Salzer-Muhar, U1
Schlemmer, M1
Strigl, E1
Hosenpud, JD1
McAnulty, JH1
Niles, NR1
Solov'ev, VD1
Gutman, NR1
Khesin, IaE1
Kognovitskaia, AI1
Leandri, J1
Cachera, JP1
Lacombe, M1
Vigano, M1
Harada, S1
Chatty, ME1
Deodhar, SD1
Mutz, I1
Schröfl, P1

Clinical Trials (9)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Role of Endomyocardial Biopsy and Aetiology-based Treatment in Patients With Inflammatory Heart Disease in Arrhythmic and Non-arrhythmic Clinical Presentations: an Integrated Approach for the Optimal Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management[NCT04521790]1,000 participants (Anticipated)Observational [Patient Registry]2018-01-30Recruiting
Optimization of Glucocorticoid Taper Strategies for Maintenance Therapy of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Associated Immune Thrombocytopenia (SLE-ITP)[NCT05506033]120 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2022-08-15Enrolling by invitation
Single-blind, Investigator-initiated, Randomized, Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Corticosteroid Therapy to Treat Patients With Acute Myocarditis With Mildly Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction[NCT05974462]Phase 3174 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2024-01-01Not yet recruiting
Giant Cell Myocarditis Treatment Trial Pilot Study[NCT00027443]40 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2001-08-31Completed
RANDOMIZED, MULTICENTRIC STUDY COMPARING THE EFFECT OF TWO REGIMENS OF COMBINED IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY CARDIOMYOPATHY CZECH-ICIT (CZECH INFLAMMATORY CARDIOMYOPATHY IMMUNOSUPPRESSION TRIAL)[NCT01877746]Phase 3234 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2013-01-31Recruiting
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of Myocardial Inflammation Persistence After Acute Myocarditis: Prognostic Relevance[NCT03525639]80 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2016-12-06Recruiting
[NCT00000524]Phase 20 participants Interventional1986-07-31Completed
Single Blind Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of High Dose Pulse Intravenous Corticosteroid Therapy to Treat Patients With Complicated/Fulminant Acute Myocarditis[NCT05150704]Phase 3288 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-10-07Recruiting
Myocarditis Causing Premature Ventricular Contractions:Insights From the MAVERIC Registry[NCT05158751]100 participants (Anticipated)Observational2023-01-31Not yet recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

10 reviews available for azathioprine and Carditis

ArticleYear
Therapeutic strategies for virus-negative myocarditis: a comprehensive review.
    European journal of internal medicine, 2020, Volume: 77

    Topics: Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Myocarditis; Myocardium

2020
Update οn the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus.
    Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2021, Volume: 80, Issue:1

    Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Calc

2021
Prednisone and azathioprine in patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy: systematic review and meta-analysis.
    ESC heart failure, 2020, Volume: 7, Issue:5

    Topics: Azathioprine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Myocarditis; Prednisone

2020
Corticosteroids for viral myocarditis.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2013, Oct-18, Issue:10

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Chronic Disease; Cyclosporine; H

2013
Management of a patient with eosinophilic myocarditis and normal peripheral eosinophil count: case report and literature review.
    Circulation. Heart failure, 2014, Volume: 7, Issue:4

    Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eosinophilia; Eosinophils; Female; Glucocorticoids;

2014
Modern methods of treatment of autoimmune myocarditis.
    Russian journal of immunology : RJI : official journal of Russian Society of Immunology, 2003, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Autoimmunity; Azathioprine; Humans; Myocarditis

2003
Immunosuppressive therapy in acute myocarditis: an 18 year systematic review.
    Archives of disease in childhood, 2004, Volume: 89, Issue:6

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; H

2004
[Autoimmune myocarditis].
    Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2005, Volume: 63 Suppl 5

    Topics: Animals; Antigen-Presenting Cells; Autoantigens; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; CD4-Positive T-L

2005
Implications of the Myocarditis Treatment Trial for clinical practice.
    Current opinion in cardiology, 1996, Volume: 11, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cyclosporine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Huma

1996
Immunosuppressive and cytotoxic chemotherapy: long-term complications.
    Annals of internal medicine, 1975, Volume: 82, Issue:1

    Topics: Alkylating Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Bleomycin; Busulfan; Carcinogens; Chemical a

1975

Trials

10 trials available for azathioprine and Carditis

ArticleYear
Immunosuppressive therapy in virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: 20-year follow-up of the TIMIC trial.
    European heart journal, 2022, 09-21, Volume: 43, Issue:36

    Topics: Azathioprine; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Myocarditis; Prednisone; Stroke

2022
Usefulness of immunosuppression for giant cell myocarditis.
    The American journal of cardiology, 2008, Dec-01, Volume: 102, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Female; Giant Cells; Humans; Immunosuppr

2008
Randomized study on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: the TIMIC study.
    European heart journal, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:16

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Heart Failure; Humans;

2009
Randomized study on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: the TIMIC study.
    European heart journal, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:16

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Heart Failure; Humans;

2009
Randomized study on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: the TIMIC study.
    European heart journal, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:16

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Heart Failure; Humans;

2009
Randomized study on the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy: the TIMIC study.
    European heart journal, 2009, Volume: 30, Issue:16

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Heart Failure; Humans;

2009
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
A clinical trial of immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis. The Myocarditis Treatment Trial Investigators.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Aug-03, Volume: 333, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure;

1995
Immunosuppressive treatment in autoreactive myocarditis--results from a controlled trial.
    Postgraduate medical journal, 1994, Volume: 70 Suppl 1

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart; Hum

1994
Implications of the Myocarditis Treatment Trial for clinical practice.
    Current opinion in cardiology, 1996, Volume: 11, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cyclosporine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Huma

1996
Immunopathogenesis and treatment of myocarditis: the United States Myocarditis Treatment Trial.
    Journal of cardiac failure, 1996, Volume: 2, Issue:4 Suppl

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Immunosuppressive Agen

1996
Randomized, placebo-controlled study for immunosuppressive treatment of inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy: two-year follow-up results.
    Circulation, 2001, Jul-03, Volume: 104, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; En

2001
Randomized, placebo-controlled study for immunosuppressive treatment of inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy: two-year follow-up results.
    Circulation, 2001, Jul-03, Volume: 104, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; En

2001
Randomized, placebo-controlled study for immunosuppressive treatment of inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy: two-year follow-up results.
    Circulation, 2001, Jul-03, Volume: 104, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; En

2001
Randomized, placebo-controlled study for immunosuppressive treatment of inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy: two-year follow-up results.
    Circulation, 2001, Jul-03, Volume: 104, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Chronic Disease; Drug Therapy, Combination; En

2001
Immunosuppressive therapy in the management of acute myocarditis in children: a clinical trial.
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1991, Volume: 17, Issue:2

    Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Child; Child, Preschool; Endocardium; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therap

1991
Antiinflammatory effect of a lipoxygenase inhibitor (FLM 5011) in severe active myocarditis.
    Biomedica biochimica acta, 1988, Volume: 47, Issue:10-11

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Diclofenac;

1988

Other Studies

56 other studies available for azathioprine and Carditis

ArticleYear
Efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil in patients with virus-negative lymphocytic myocarditis: A prospective cohort study.
    Journal of autoimmunity, 2020, Volume: 106

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Mycophenolic Ac

2020
Immunosuppressive therapy in childhood-onset arrhythmogenic inflammatory cardiomyopathy.
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE, 2021, Volume: 44, Issue:3

    Topics: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia; Azathioprine; Biomarkers; Child; Echocardiography; Elect

2021
Morphologically proved ANCA positive Loeffler's pancarditis: medical and surgical treatment.
    Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 2019, May-16, Volume: 91, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography;

2019
Sustained improvement of cardiac function with immunosuppressive therapy in a case of acute lymphocytic myocarditis secondary to allopurinol induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
    Delaware medical journal, 2012, Volume: 84, Issue:12

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aged; Allopurinol; Antimetabolites; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination

2012
Silent myocarditis in myasthenia gravis. Role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.
    International journal of cardiology, 2016, Jan-01, Volume: 202

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cardiac Imaging Techniques; Echocardiography; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive

2016
A rare case of Behçet disease with generalised myositis, cardiomyositis and necrotising fasciitis.
    BMJ case reports, 2016, Jan-06, Volume: 2016

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immun

2016
Prompt benefit of early immunosuppressive therapy in acute lymphocytic myocarditis with persistent heart failure.
    Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2016, Volume: 105, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Immunosuppres

2016
A Case of Thiopurine-Induced Acute Myocarditis in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis.
    Digestive diseases and sciences, 2016, Volume: 61, Issue:12

    Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Atrial Fibrillation; Azathioprine; Cardiac Imaging Techniqu

2016
[Effect of immune therapy in the prognosis of viral myocarditis in pediatric patients].
    Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 2016, Volume: 54 Suppl 3

    Topics: Adolescent; Antiviral Agents; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fema

2016
The importance of serial cardiac troponin measurement for evaluating the response to immunosuppressive therapy for myocarditis.
    Journal of cardiology, 2008, Volume: 52, Issue:2

    Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Myocarditis; Prednisolo

2008
Hypersensitivity myocarditis associated with azithromycin exposure.
    Annals of internal medicine, 2009, Feb-03, Volume: 150, Issue:3

    Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azathioprine; Azithromycin; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy, Combination;

2009
[Eosinophilic myopericarditis revealing a Churg-Strauss syndrome].
    La Revue de medecine interne, 2011, Volume: 32, Issue:5

    Topics: Azathioprine; Churg-Strauss Syndrome; Cyclophosphamide; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combi

2011
[Immunsuppressive therapy in virus-negative eosinophilic inflammatory cardiomyopathy].
    Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2011, Volume: 136, Issue:16

    Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiac Output, Low; Defibrillators, Implantable; Electrocardiography; Eosinop

2011
Lone hepatitis C virus myocarditis responsive to immunosuppressive therapy.
    Chest, 2002, Volume: 122, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Angiography; Azathioprine; Biopsy, Needle; Cohort Studies; Drug Administration Schedule; Elec

2002
Immunosuppressive therapy for active lymphocytic myocarditis: virological and immunologic profile of responders versus nonresponders.
    Circulation, 2003, Feb-18, Volume: 107, Issue:6

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiotonic Agents; Chronic Disease; Echoca

2003
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC STUDIES IN HOMOLOGOUS CANINE HEART TRANSPLANTATIONS.
    Circulation research, 1965, Volume: 16

    Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Heart; Heart Transplantation; Hydrocortisone; Kidn

1965
Cell death, proliferation and repair in human myocarditis responding to immunosuppressive therapy.
    Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 2006, Volume: 19, Issue:6

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; DNA Repair; DN

2006
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis with severe cardiac involvement in an infant: a case report.
    Clinical rheumatology, 2008, Volume: 27, Issue:7

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Catheterization; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; High-Fr

2008
Diagnosis and management of acute myocarditis aided by serial myocardial biopsy.
    Australian and New Zealand journal of medicine, 1984, Volume: 14, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Echocardiography; Fluorescent Antibody Techn

1984
Lymphocytic myocarditis presenting as unexplained ventricular arrhythmias: diagnosis with endomyocardial biopsy and response to immunosuppression.
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1984, Volume: 4, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiac Catheterization; Electr

1984
Acute myocarditis. Role of histological and virological examination in the diagnosis and assessment of immunosuppressive treatment.
    British heart journal, 1984, Volume: 51, Issue:1

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Angiocardiography; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female

1984
Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 20-1982. A 42-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis, dyspnea, and edema.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1982, May-20, Volume: 306, Issue:20

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Colitis, Ulcerative; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Myocardit

1982
Treatment of acute inflammatory myocarditis assisted by endomyocardial biopsy.
    The American journal of cardiology, 1980, Volume: 45, Issue:5

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Methylprednisolo

1980
[Eosinophilic endomyocarditis post partum or pregnancy-related cardiomyopathy].
    Herz, 1994, Volume: 19, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Combined Modality Therapy; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Diagnosis, Diffe

1994
Enterovirus-induced myocarditis: hemodynamic deterioration with immunosuppressive therapy and successful application of interferon-alpha.
    Clinical cardiology, 1994, Volume: 17, Issue:10

    Topics: Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Coxsackievirus Infections; Enterovirus B, Human; Female; Hemo

1994
[Comments on the contribution by M. Stille-Siegener et al. Myocarditis].
    Der Internist, 1994, Volume: 35, Issue:1

    Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endocardium; Humans; Myo

1994
Heart transplantation for chronic Chagas' heart disease.
    The Annals of thoracic surgery, 1996, Volume: 61, Issue:6

    Topics: Actuarial Analysis; Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cause of Death; Chagas Cardiomyopathy; Child; C

1996
[Long-term observation of patients with biopsy proven myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy].
    Przeglad lekarski, 1996, Volume: 53, Issue:10

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Drug Therapy, Combination; Echocar

1996
Global biventricular dysfunction in patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease may be caused by myocarditis.
    Circulation, 1999, Mar-16, Volume: 99, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiomy

1999
Histologically proven myocarditis in patients with biventricular dysfunction and severe asymptomatic coronary artery disease.
    Cardiologia (Rome, Italy), 1999, Volume: 44, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Disease; Echoc

1999
Combined immunosuppression for the treatment of idiopathic giant cell myocarditis.
    Mayo Clinic proceedings, 1999, Volume: 74, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Gian

1999
Giant cell myocarditis responding to immunosuppressive therapy.
    Chest, 2000, Volume: 117, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endocardium; F

2000
[Secondary immunologically-caused myocarditis, pericarditis and exudative pleuritis due to meningococcal meningitis].
    Zeitschrift fur Kardiologie, 2001, Volume: 90, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticoagulants; Azathioprine; Diuretics, Osmotic; Echocardiogr

2001
Autoimmune myocarditis: a clinical entity.
    Canadian Medical Association journal, 1979, Feb-03, Volume: 120, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Autoimmune Diseases; Autopsy; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Complement C3; Dexamethasone; Humans; Imm

1979
Successful treatment of severe heart failure caused by idiopathic giant cell myocarditis.
    The Canadian journal of cardiology, 1992, Volume: 8, Issue:8

    Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Comb

1992
Immunosuppressive therapy in inflammatory myocarditis: long-term follow-up.
    International journal of cardiology, 1992, Volume: 34, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Endocardium; Female; Follow-Up Studies; He

1992
Effects of immunosuppressive therapy in biopsy-proved myocarditis and borderline myocarditis on left ventricular function.
    The American journal of cardiology, 1991, Aug-01, Volume: 68, Issue:4

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Humans

1991
[Therapy and rehabilitation of patients with myocarditis].
    Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, 1991, Jun-25, Volume: 85, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cardiac Output; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration S

1991
Response of recurrent giant cell myocarditis in a transplanted heart to intensive immunosuppression.
    European heart journal, 1991, Volume: 12, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cyclosporins; Granuloma, Giant Cell; Heart Failure; Heart Transplantati

1991
[Immunosuppressive drugs for the treatment of active myocarditis in children. Hemodynamic evaluation].
    Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 1990, Volume: 55, Issue:5

    Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclosporins; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;

1990
[Lymphocytic myocarditis. Response to treatment with immunosuppressive drugs].
    Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 1990, Volume: 55, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lymphoc

1990
[Histologic response of the myocardium to various immunosuppressor schedules in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and diagnosis of myocarditis at endomyocardial biopsy].
    Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 1990, Volume: 54, Issue:5

    Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclosporins; Drug Thera

1990
"Borderline" myocarditis: an indication for repeat endomyocardial biopsy.
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1990, Volume: 15, Issue:2

    Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Endocardium; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Predni

1990
Peripartum myocarditis and cardiomyopathy.
    Circulation, 1990, Volume: 81, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Female; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Myocarditis

1990
[Diagnosis and therapy of acute myocarditis].
    Kokyu to junkan. Respiration & circulation, 1990, Volume: 38, Issue:6

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Azathioprine; Coronary Angiography; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Hum

1990
[Late results of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with heart failure and biopsy proven myocarditis].
    Kardiologia polska, 1989, Volume: 32, Issue:10-12

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Failure; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Mal

1989
Immunosuppressive treatment in myocarditis.
    International journal of cardiology, 1989, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Middl

1989
Lymphocytic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy: treatment with immunosuppressive agents.
    Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 1989, Volume: 56, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocarditis;

1989
[Anti-Coxsackie antibodies and congestive cardiomyopathies].
    Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux, 1986, Volume: 79, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Coxsackievirus Infections; Enterovi

1986
[Immunosuppressive treatment of chronic myocarditis].
    Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1988, Oct-07, Volume: 100, Issue:19

    Topics: Adolescent; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Drug Therap

1988
Immunosuppressive therapy in the management of biopsy proven acute myocarditis.
    Herz, 1985, Volume: 10, Issue:1

    Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hemod

1985
Lack of objective improvement in ventricular systolic function in patients with myocarditis treated with azathioprine and prednisone.
    Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1985, Volume: 6, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Middle Aged;

1985
[Experimental myocarditis in albino mice caused by influenza virus].
    Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny, 1973, Volume: 76, Issue:11

    Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Mice; Myocarditis; Myocardium; Orthomyxoviridae Infections

1973
[Histologic study of orthotopic cardiac transplants in dogs].
    Pathologie et biologie, 1967, Volume: 15, Issue:9

    Topics: Animals; Azathioprine; Dogs; Heart Transplantation; Myocarditis; Transplantation, Autologous; Transp

1967
Myocardial changes and kidney transplantation. Lesions in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy.
    Archives of pathology, 1969, Volume: 88, Issue:6

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antilymphocyte Serum; Arteriosclerosis; Autopsy; Azathioprine; Candida; Car

1969
[Therapy of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis].
    Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1971, Dec-10, Volume: 83, Issue:49

    Topics: Adolescent; Azathioprine; Female; Hemosiderosis; Humans; Iron; Lung Diseases; Male; Myocarditis; Pre

1971