azathioprine has been researched along with Angiitis in 120 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "ARAMIS is a multicenter, sequential, multiple assignment randomized trial with an enrichment design (SMARTER) aimed at comparing the efficacy of three drugs-azathioprine, colchicine, and dapsone-commonly used to treat various forms of isolated skin vasculitis." | 9.34 | Protocol for a randomized multicenter study for isolated skin vasculitis (ARAMIS) comparing the efficacy of three drugs: azathioprine, colchicine, and dapsone. ( Borchin, R; Grayson, PC; Krischer, JP; McAlear, CA; Merkel, PA; Micheletti, RG; Pagnoux, C; Tamura, RN, 2020) |
| "Current standard therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis combines corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide to induce remission, followed by a less toxic immunosuppressant such as azathioprine or methotrexate for maintenance therapy." | 9.13 | Azathioprine or methotrexate maintenance for ANCA-associated vasculitis. ( Boffa, JJ; Cohen, P; Cordier, JF; Ducroix, JP; Guillevin, L; Hamidou, MA; Khellaf, M; Kyndt, X; Lambert, M; Le Noach, J; Lifermann, F; Mahr, A; Merrien, D; Mouthon, L; Pagnoux, C; Papo, T; Puéchal, X; Ruivard, M; Vinzio, S, 2008) |
| "Switching cyclophosphamide to azathioprine after induction of remission in patients with PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis who are still ANCA-positive at the time of treatment switch is associated with a high risk of relapse." | 9.11 | Positive classic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA) titer at switch to azathioprine therapy associated with relapse in proteinase 3-related vasculitis. ( Boomsma, MM; Slot, MC; Stegeman, CA; Tervaert, JW, 2004) |
| "Although cyclophosphamide and prednisolone are effective in treating systemic vasculitis, the optimum treatment regimes and duration of treatment are unknown." | 9.08 | Controlled trial of pulse versus continuous prednisolone and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of systemic vasculitis. ( Adu, D; Bacon, PA; Emery, P; Howie, AJ; Luqmani, RA; Michael, J; Pall, A; Richards, NT; Savage, CO, 1997) |
| "The therapeutic effect of prednisone combined with azathioprine was studied in 28 patients with rheumatoid vasculitis." | 9.07 | Prednisone plus azathioprine treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by vasculitis. ( Breedveld, FC; Heurkens, AH; Westedt, ML, 1991) |
| "These results indicate that MMF could be an alternative therapy for anti-MPO renal vasculitis associated with cyclophosphamide or azathioprine-related toxicity." | 7.74 | Mycophenolate mofetil in anti-MPO renal vasculitis: an alternative therapy in case of cyclophosphamide or azathioprine toxicity. ( Bestard, O; Grinyó, JM; Ibernon, M; Poveda, R; Vidaller, A, 2008) |
| "Within the limitations of a retrospective study, we found azathioprine when used in combination with systemic steroids to be most effective at reducing the relapse rate of retinal vasculitis, but only partially effective in allowing a reduction in steroid dosage." | 7.70 | The role of azathioprine in the management of retinal vasculitis. ( Graham, EM; Greenwood, AJ; Stanford, MR, 1998) |
| " He was treated with low-dose corticosteroid and azathioprine, which led to a complete remission without any adverse effects." | 5.62 | Efficacy and safety of low-dose corticosteroid with azathioprine in the treatment of elderly-onset IgA vasculitis with nephritis. ( Sugimoto, H; Takei, T; Yamaguchi, Y; Yumura, W, 2021) |
| "Testicular vasculitis is a rare condition and little is known about its morphological features." | 5.46 | Testicular lymphocytic vasculitis treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. ( Imai, Y; Kanzawa, Y; Mizuno, Y; Nishioka, H, 2017) |
| "ARAMIS is a multicenter, sequential, multiple assignment randomized trial with an enrichment design (SMARTER) aimed at comparing the efficacy of three drugs-azathioprine, colchicine, and dapsone-commonly used to treat various forms of isolated skin vasculitis." | 5.34 | Protocol for a randomized multicenter study for isolated skin vasculitis (ARAMIS) comparing the efficacy of three drugs: azathioprine, colchicine, and dapsone. ( Borchin, R; Grayson, PC; Krischer, JP; McAlear, CA; Merkel, PA; Micheletti, RG; Pagnoux, C; Tamura, RN, 2020) |
| "To assess the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids alone as first-line treatment of polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) without poor-prognosis factors as defined by the Five-Factors Score (FFS), and to compare the efficacy and safety of azathioprine versus pulse cyclophosphamide as adjunctive immunosuppressive therapy for patients experiencing treatment failure or relapse." | 5.14 | Treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and microscopic polyangiitis without poor-prognosis factors: A prospective randomized study of one hundred twenty-four patients. ( Arène, JP; Carli, P; Cohen, P; Cordier, JF; Guillevin, L; Kyndt, X; Le Hello, C; Letellier, P; Mahr, A; Pagnoux, C; Puéchal, X; Ribi, C, 2010) |
| "Current standard therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis combines corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide to induce remission, followed by a less toxic immunosuppressant such as azathioprine or methotrexate for maintenance therapy." | 5.13 | Azathioprine or methotrexate maintenance for ANCA-associated vasculitis. ( Boffa, JJ; Cohen, P; Cordier, JF; Ducroix, JP; Guillevin, L; Hamidou, MA; Khellaf, M; Kyndt, X; Lambert, M; Le Noach, J; Lifermann, F; Mahr, A; Merrien, D; Mouthon, L; Pagnoux, C; Papo, T; Puéchal, X; Ruivard, M; Vinzio, S, 2008) |
| "Switching cyclophosphamide to azathioprine after induction of remission in patients with PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis who are still ANCA-positive at the time of treatment switch is associated with a high risk of relapse." | 5.11 | Positive classic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA) titer at switch to azathioprine therapy associated with relapse in proteinase 3-related vasculitis. ( Boomsma, MM; Slot, MC; Stegeman, CA; Tervaert, JW, 2004) |
| "In patients with generalized vasculitis, the withdrawal of cyclophosphamide and the substitution of azathioprine after remission did not increase the rate of relapse." | 5.10 | A randomized trial of maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies. ( Andrassy, K; Bacon, P; Dadoniené, J; de Groot, K; Ekstrand, A; Gaskin, G; Gregorini, G; Gross, W; Hagen, EC; Jayne, D; Mirapeix, E; Pettersson, E; Pusey, C; Rasmussen, N; Siegert, C; Sinico, A; Tervaert, JW; Tesar, V; Westman, K, 2003) |
| "Although cyclophosphamide and prednisolone are effective in treating systemic vasculitis, the optimum treatment regimes and duration of treatment are unknown." | 5.08 | Controlled trial of pulse versus continuous prednisolone and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of systemic vasculitis. ( Adu, D; Bacon, PA; Emery, P; Howie, AJ; Luqmani, RA; Michael, J; Pall, A; Richards, NT; Savage, CO, 1997) |
| "The therapeutic effect of prednisone combined with azathioprine was studied in 28 patients with rheumatoid vasculitis." | 5.07 | Prednisone plus azathioprine treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by vasculitis. ( Breedveld, FC; Heurkens, AH; Westedt, ML, 1991) |
| "These results indicate that MMF could be an alternative therapy for anti-MPO renal vasculitis associated with cyclophosphamide or azathioprine-related toxicity." | 3.74 | Mycophenolate mofetil in anti-MPO renal vasculitis: an alternative therapy in case of cyclophosphamide or azathioprine toxicity. ( Bestard, O; Grinyó, JM; Ibernon, M; Poveda, R; Vidaller, A, 2008) |
| "Within the limitations of a retrospective study, we found azathioprine when used in combination with systemic steroids to be most effective at reducing the relapse rate of retinal vasculitis, but only partially effective in allowing a reduction in steroid dosage." | 3.70 | The role of azathioprine in the management of retinal vasculitis. ( Graham, EM; Greenwood, AJ; Stanford, MR, 1998) |
| "We describe a 45-year-old man with histological diagnosis of isolated angiitis of the central nervous system that was treated with prednisone plus azathioprine and monitored for 2 years." | 3.69 | Cerebrospinal fluid and therapy of isolated angiitis of the central nervous system. ( Costa, A; Ducla-Soares, J; Oliveira, V; Póvoa, P, 1994) |
| "A woman, aged 58, who had undergone prolonged treatment with corticosteroids for generalized necrotizing vasculitis, and had received azathioprine (Imurel) for 18 months, 4 years after discontinuing the latter treatment, developed peripheral neuropathy and a rapidly progressing cerebral disorder suggesting a basal meningeal process." | 3.66 | Primary malignant lymphoma of the CNS and polyneuropathy in a patient with necrotizing vasculitis treated with immunosuppression. ( Jellinger, K; Kothbauer, P; Sunder-Plassmann, E; Weiss, R, 1979) |
| "Vasculitis is more often a disease of women beyond their reproductive years, leaving the challenges of pregnancy management difficult to study." | 2.55 | Vasculitis and Pregnancy. ( Clowse, ME; Machen, L, 2017) |
| "Azathioprine has equivalent efficacy as a maintenance agent to cyclophosphamide with fewer episodes of leucopenia." | 2.52 | Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults. ( Craig, JC; Walters, G; Willis, NS, 2015) |
| "Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent belonging to the antimetabolite family whose action blocks purine synthesis." | 2.49 | [Current indications of azathioprine in nephrology]. ( Ladrière, M, 2013) |
| " There is insufficient study of the dosing of glucocorticoids." | 2.45 | Review article: Progress of treatment in ANCA-associated vasculitis. ( Jayne, D, 2009) |
| "In addition, Behcet's syndrome appears to be more common than previously assumed and is likely more common than a combination of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) syndromes." | 2.45 | Necrotizing vasculitis--a 2009 update. ( Sharaf, PH; Yazici, Y, 2009) |
| "Most common and suggestive features of Wegener's granulomatosis are upper (sinusitis, crusting rhinitis, saddle nose deformity, otitis media) and lower (excavated lung nodules, alveolar hemorrhage) respiratory tract, and kidney involvements." | 2.44 | [Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis]. ( Pagnoux, C, 2008) |
| "Microscopic polyangiitis is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of small vessels." | 2.44 | [Microscopic polyangiitis]. ( Guillevin, L; Guilpain, P; Pagnoux, C, 2007) |
| "Patients with Wegener's granulomatosis or microscopic polyangiitis or Churg-Strauss syndrome and one or more poor prognostic factors must receive a combination of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants, mainly intravenous pulsed cyclophosphamide." | 2.44 | [Treatment of ANCA-associated vascularitides]. ( Guillevin, L; Pagnoux, C, 2007) |
| "MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis is more frequent in Japan, whereas PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis is more common in Europe and USA." | 2.44 | ANCA-associated vasculitis: diagnostic and therapeutic strategy. ( Ozaki, S, 2007) |
| "Vasculitis is diagnosed with assurance after intensive evaluation." | 2.42 | Vasculitis of the nervous system. ( Younger, DS, 2004) |
| "Azathioprine is a valuable alternative to slow-acting antirheumatic drugs in older patients with rheumatoid arthritis." | 2.38 | Azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil. ( Bacon, PA; Luqmani, RA; Palmer, RG, 1990) |
| "Laryngeal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can range from mild ulcerations, vocal cord paralysis, and edema to necrotizing vasculitis with airway obstruction." | 2.38 | Laryngeal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. ( MacKenzie, CR; Paget, SA; Stern, R; Teitel, AD, 1992) |
| "These syndromes include Wegener's granulomatosis, allergic angiitis and granulomatosis, and the polyangiitis overlap syndrome." | 2.37 | Pulmonary vasculitis. ( Fauci, AS; Leavitt, RY, 1986) |
| "Vasculitis is commoner than supposed, since its manifestations are Protean." | 2.37 | Acute renal disease in vasculitis. ( Cameron, JS, 1988) |
| " He was treated with low-dose corticosteroid and azathioprine, which led to a complete remission without any adverse effects." | 1.62 | Efficacy and safety of low-dose corticosteroid with azathioprine in the treatment of elderly-onset IgA vasculitis with nephritis. ( Sugimoto, H; Takei, T; Yamaguchi, Y; Yumura, W, 2021) |
| "Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is an uncommon and often fatal condition in children that is characterized by distinct histopathological etiologies." | 1.51 | Acute pulmonary embolism in a child with ANCA-negative Idiopathic Pulmonary Capillaritis. ( Asseri, AA; Daines, CL; Zeng, Y, 2019) |
| "Testicular vasculitis is a rare condition and little is known about its morphological features." | 1.46 | Testicular lymphocytic vasculitis treated with prednisolone and azathioprine. ( Imai, Y; Kanzawa, Y; Mizuno, Y; Nishioka, H, 2017) |
| "Two cases of cerebral amyloid angiopathy with features of angiitis are reported." | 1.42 | Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy with Angiitis: Emerging Options for Treatment. ( Berg, A; Cagle, K; Freeman, J, 2015) |
| "A diagnosis of classical Polyarteritis Nodosa (cPAN) with multi-level ureteric stenosis was made." | 1.42 | Ureteric vasculitis, an unusual presentation of polyarteritis nodosa: a case report. ( Gupta, A; Jois, R; Krishnamurthy, S, 2015) |
| "A 36-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted to our hospital with malaise, myalgia, dysphagia, fever, preserved muscle strength, leukocytosis (15,600 cells), and increased creatine kinase of 1,358 IU/L that reached 75,000 IU/L in few days." | 1.37 | Fatal rhabdomyolysis in systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Bonfa, E; da Mota, LM; de Carvalho, JF, 2011) |
| "Of 363 patients with IgA nephropathy, 67 patients had vasculitic IgA nephropathy (33 Henoch-Schönlein purpura; 34 IgA)." | 1.35 | Vasculitic IgA nephropathy: prognosis and outcome. ( Adu, D; Harper, L; Howie, AJ; Lepenies, J; Nightingale, P; Pankhurst, T, 2009) |
| "Urticarial vasculitis is a small-vessel vasculitis, presenting clinically as persistent urticarial skin lesions and microscopically as leucocytoclastic vasculitis." | 1.33 | Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis: a rare presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Adim, SB; Aydogan, K; Karadogan, SK; Tunali, S, 2006) |
| "A 52-year-old woman with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with symmetrical polyarthritis involving her metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints, knees, ankles, and hips and with a purpuric rash involving her lower extremities." | 1.32 | Churg-Strauss syndrome: diagnostic difficulties and pathogenesis. ( Buscemi, DM; Diri, E; Nugent, KM, 2003) |
| "Standard therapy of Wegener's granulomatosis is prednisolone in combination with cyclophosphamide." | 1.32 | [Treatment of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis or ANCA-associated vasculitis]. ( Stegeman, CA; Tervaert, JW, 2003) |
| "A first case of Reiter's syndrome developing a severe systemic necrotising vasculitis is reported." | 1.30 | Systemic vasculitis associated with seronegative spondylarthropathy (Reiter's syndrome). ( Boehni, U; Christen, B; Greminger, P; Michel, BA, 1997) |
| " If an underlying problem requires long-term immunosuppressive medication, it is wiser to choose cimetidine rather than increasing the steroid dosage to resolve atypical PFAPA." | 1.30 | PFAPA syndrome (Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, Adenitis). ( Chen, LC; Huang, JL; Lee, KF; Lee, WI; Lin, SJ; Yang, MH; Yeh, KW, 1999) |
| "The pattern of relapses is described in a consecutive series of 150 patients with vasculitis." | 1.29 | Necrotizing vasculitis--relapse despite cytotoxic therapy. ( Adu, D; Bacon, PA; Emery, P; Gordon, M; Greaves, I; Luqmani, RA; Michael, J; Richards, N, 1993) |
| "Vasculitis was confirmed histologically in 96% of the subjects with RV." | 1.29 | Factors associated with the development of vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis: results of a case-control study. ( Breedveld, FC; Hazes, JM; Vandenbroucke, JP; Voskuyl, AE; Westedt, ML; Zwinderman, AH, 1996) |
| " Effectiveness of treatment was graded according to resolution of lesions, return to normal of abnormal laboratory findings, or the ability to lower the dosage of a second therapeutic agent (usually a corticosteroid)." | 1.27 | Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis: clinical experience in 44 patients. ( af Ekenstam, E; Callen, JP, 1987) |
| "Of 66 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 11 (16." | 1.27 | Livedoid vasculitis and central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Yasue, T, 1986) |
| "A patient with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and pulmonary vasculitis is described." | 1.26 | Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and pulmonary vasculitis associated with circulating immune complexes. ( Kekomäki, R; Takiainen, P; Taskinen, E; Vuopio, P; Wager, O, 1980) |
| "No patient showed recurrence of disease during treatment with cytotoxic agents." | 1.26 | Cyclophosphamide therapy of severe systemic necrotizing vasculitis. ( Fauci, AS; Haynes, BF; Katz, P; Wolff, SM, 1979) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 25 (20.83) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 25 (20.83) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 41 (34.17) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 23 (19.17) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 6 (5.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Hari, G | 1 |
| Skeik, N | 1 |
| Walters, GD | 1 |
| Willis, NS | 3 |
| Cooper, TE | 1 |
| Craig, JC | 3 |
| Misra, DP | 1 |
| Jain, N | 1 |
| Harikrishnan, G | 1 |
| Agarwal, V | 1 |
| Micheletti, RG | 2 |
| Pagnoux, C | 8 |
| Tamura, RN | 1 |
| Grayson, PC | 1 |
| McAlear, CA | 1 |
| Borchin, R | 1 |
| Krischer, JP | 1 |
| Merkel, PA | 1 |
| Sugimoto, H | 1 |
| Yamaguchi, Y | 1 |
| Yumura, W | 1 |
| Takei, T | 1 |
| Machen, L | 1 |
| Clowse, ME | 1 |
| Osman, A | 1 |
| Galiatsatos, P | 1 |
| Bose, S | 1 |
| Danoff, S | 1 |
| Taşkıran, EZ | 1 |
| Sönmez, HE | 1 |
| Ayvaz, DÇ | 1 |
| Koşukcu, C | 1 |
| Batu, ED | 1 |
| Esenboğa, S | 1 |
| Topaloğlu, R | 1 |
| Orhan, D | 1 |
| Bilginer, Y | 1 |
| Alikaşifoğlu, M | 1 |
| Özen, S | 1 |
| Tezcan, İ | 1 |
| Fall, M | 1 |
| Höper, L | 1 |
| Kåbjörn-Gustafsson, C | 1 |
| Trysberg, E | 1 |
| Christiansen, J | 1 |
| Kahn, R | 1 |
| Schmidtchen, A | 1 |
| Berggård, K | 1 |
| Kanzawa, Y | 1 |
| Imai, Y | 1 |
| Mizuno, Y | 1 |
| Nishioka, H | 1 |
| Freitas, A | 1 |
| Senra, V | 1 |
| Marinho, A | 1 |
| Guedes, M | 1 |
| Jois, R | 1 |
| Gupta, A | 1 |
| Krishnamurthy, S | 1 |
| Cagle, K | 1 |
| Berg, A | 1 |
| Freeman, J | 1 |
| Walters, G | 2 |
| Gattimallanahali, Y | 1 |
| Mangat, G | 1 |
| Canchi, B | 1 |
| Kakade, G | 1 |
| Bowling, MR | 1 |
| Cauthen, CG | 1 |
| Perry, CD | 1 |
| Patel, NP | 1 |
| Bergman, S | 1 |
| Link, KM | 1 |
| Sane, AC | 1 |
| Conforti, JF | 1 |
| Guillevin, L | 5 |
| Ibernon, M | 1 |
| Poveda, R | 1 |
| Vidaller, A | 1 |
| Bestard, O | 1 |
| Grinyó, JM | 1 |
| Bakashvili, N | 1 |
| Swaak, AJ | 1 |
| Tervaert, JW | 6 |
| Dees, A | 1 |
| Haroon, M | 1 |
| Devlin, J | 1 |
| Mahr, A | 2 |
| Hamidou, MA | 1 |
| Boffa, JJ | 1 |
| Ruivard, M | 1 |
| Ducroix, JP | 1 |
| Kyndt, X | 2 |
| Lifermann, F | 1 |
| Papo, T | 1 |
| Lambert, M | 1 |
| Le Noach, J | 1 |
| Khellaf, M | 1 |
| Merrien, D | 1 |
| Puéchal, X | 2 |
| Vinzio, S | 1 |
| Cohen, P | 2 |
| Mouthon, L | 1 |
| Cordier, JF | 2 |
| Jayne, D | 3 |
| Pankhurst, T | 1 |
| Lepenies, J | 1 |
| Nightingale, P | 1 |
| Howie, AJ | 3 |
| Adu, D | 4 |
| Harper, L | 1 |
| Stassen, PM | 1 |
| Derks, RP | 1 |
| Kallenberg, CG | 3 |
| Stegeman, CA | 4 |
| Wolverton, SE | 1 |
| Sharaf, PH | 1 |
| Yazici, Y | 1 |
| Ribi, C | 1 |
| Arène, JP | 1 |
| Carli, P | 1 |
| Le Hello, C | 1 |
| Letellier, P | 1 |
| Caltik, A | 1 |
| Demircin, G | 1 |
| Bülbül, M | 1 |
| Erdogan, O | 1 |
| Akyüz, SG | 1 |
| Arda, N | 1 |
| Pettersson, T | 1 |
| Karjalainen, A | 1 |
| Luppe, S | 1 |
| Betmouni, S | 1 |
| Scolding, N | 1 |
| Wilkins, A | 1 |
| de Carvalho, JF | 1 |
| da Mota, LM | 1 |
| Bonfa, E | 1 |
| Rozin, AP | 1 |
| Egozi, D | 1 |
| Ramon, Y | 1 |
| Toledano, K | 1 |
| Braun-Moscovici, Y | 1 |
| Markovits, D | 1 |
| Schapira, D | 1 |
| Bergman, R | 1 |
| Melamed, Y | 1 |
| Ullman, Y | 1 |
| Balbir-Gurman, A | 1 |
| Hasiloglu, ZI | 1 |
| Albayram, S | 1 |
| Tasmali, K | 1 |
| Erer, B | 1 |
| Selcuk, H | 1 |
| Islak, C | 1 |
| Hoffman, GS | 1 |
| Murillo, G | 1 |
| Ramírez, B | 1 |
| Romo, LA | 1 |
| Muñoz-Sanz, A | 1 |
| Hileeto, D | 1 |
| Calonge, M | 1 |
| Sokumbi, O | 1 |
| Wetter, DA | 1 |
| Makol, A | 1 |
| Warrington, KJ | 1 |
| Ladrière, M | 1 |
| Diri, E | 1 |
| Buscemi, DM | 1 |
| Nugent, KM | 1 |
| Langford, CA | 3 |
| Balow, JE | 1 |
| Roy-Peaud, F | 1 |
| Paccalin, M | 1 |
| Le Moal, G | 1 |
| Landron, C | 1 |
| Juhel, L | 1 |
| Roblot, P | 1 |
| Becq-Giraudon, B | 1 |
| Rasmussen, N | 2 |
| Andrassy, K | 1 |
| Bacon, P | 1 |
| Dadoniené, J | 1 |
| Ekstrand, A | 1 |
| Gaskin, G | 1 |
| Gregorini, G | 1 |
| de Groot, K | 3 |
| Gross, W | 1 |
| Hagen, EC | 1 |
| Mirapeix, E | 1 |
| Pettersson, E | 1 |
| Siegert, C | 1 |
| Sinico, A | 1 |
| Tesar, V | 2 |
| Westman, K | 1 |
| Pusey, C | 1 |
| Sanders, JS | 1 |
| Slot, MC | 2 |
| Houtman, PM | 1 |
| Boomsma, MM | 1 |
| Younger, DS | 1 |
| Lamprecht, P | 1 |
| Sève, P | 1 |
| Ferry, T | 1 |
| Charhon, A | 1 |
| Calvet, A | 1 |
| Broussolle, C | 1 |
| Shio, K | 1 |
| Kobayashi, H | 1 |
| Ikeda, T | 1 |
| Fukaya, E | 1 |
| Iwadate, H | 1 |
| Hikichi, T | 1 |
| Sekine, H | 1 |
| Watanabe, H | 1 |
| Obara, K | 1 |
| Sato, Y | 1 |
| Foster, R | 1 |
| Rosenthal, E | 1 |
| Marques, S | 1 |
| Vounotrypidis, P | 1 |
| Sangle, S | 1 |
| D'Cruz, D | 1 |
| Aydogan, K | 1 |
| Karadogan, SK | 1 |
| Adim, SB | 1 |
| Tunali, S | 1 |
| Vanková, Z | 1 |
| Ríhová, Z | 1 |
| Jancová, E | 1 |
| Rysavá, R | 1 |
| Merta, M | 1 |
| Guilpain, P | 1 |
| Flossmann, O | 1 |
| Ozaki, S | 1 |
| Kaeser, HE | 1 |
| Hughes, RA | 1 |
| Cameron, JS | 3 |
| Hall, SM | 1 |
| Heaton, J | 1 |
| Payan, J | 1 |
| Teoh, R | 1 |
| Serra, A | 1 |
| Turner, DR | 1 |
| Hartley, B | 1 |
| Ogg, CS | 1 |
| Neild, GH | 1 |
| Williams, DG | 1 |
| Taube, D | 1 |
| Brown, CB | 1 |
| Hicks, JA | 1 |
| Lehmann, H | 1 |
| Wishnick, MM | 1 |
| Valensi, Q | 1 |
| Doyle, EF | 1 |
| Balian, A | 1 |
| Genieser, NB | 1 |
| Chrousos, G | 1 |
| Takiainen, P | 1 |
| Taskinen, E | 1 |
| Vuopio, P | 1 |
| Kekomäki, R | 1 |
| Wager, O | 1 |
| Valente, RM | 1 |
| Conn, DL | 1 |
| Singleton, JD | 1 |
| West, SG | 1 |
| Reddy, VV | 1 |
| Rak, KM | 1 |
| Ishikura, T | 1 |
| Horikiri, H | 1 |
| Umehara, F | 1 |
| Nakahara, K | 1 |
| Goto, T | 1 |
| Higuchi, I | 1 |
| Nakagawa, M | 1 |
| Maruyama, I | 1 |
| Osame, M | 1 |
| Howe, LJ | 1 |
| Stanford, MR | 2 |
| Edelsten, C | 1 |
| Graham, EM | 2 |
| Gordon, M | 2 |
| Luqmani, RA | 4 |
| Greaves, I | 2 |
| Richards, N | 2 |
| Michael, J | 3 |
| Emery, P | 3 |
| Bacon, PA | 4 |
| Oliveira, V | 1 |
| Póvoa, P | 1 |
| Costa, A | 1 |
| Ducla-Soares, J | 1 |
| Taylor, HG | 1 |
| Samanta, A | 1 |
| Lemström, KB | 1 |
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| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Randomized Multicenter Study for Isolated Skin Vasculitis[NCT02939573] | Phase 2 | 90 participants (Anticipated) | Interventional | 2017-01-01 | Recruiting | ||
| Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitides : Corticosteroids and Pulse Cyclophosphamide Followed by Maintenance Therapy With Methotrexate or Azathioprine: a Prospective Multicenter Randomized Trial[NCT00349674] | Phase 3 | 126 participants | Interventional | 1999-01-31 | Active, not recruiting | ||
| Randomized Trial of Plasma Exchange as Adjunctive Therapy for Severe Crescentic GlomerUlonephritis of IgA NEphropathy (RESCUE Study)[NCT02647255] | Phase 2/Phase 3 | 10 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-03-31 | Terminated (stopped due to Due to the rarity and rapid progressive course of the disease, patients were less likely to participate in randomization.) | ||
| Maintenance of ANCA Vasculitis Remission by Intermittent Rituximab Dosing Based on B-cell Reconstitution vs a Serologic ANCA Flare[NCT02749292] | Phase 4 | 115 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-06-30 | Terminated (stopped due to Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the deleterious impact of rituximab on vaccination efficacy, the trial was concluded before reaching the target enrollment of 200.) | ||
| An International, Open Label, Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Rituximab With Azathioprine as Maintenance Therapy in Relapsing ANCA-associated Vasculitis[NCT01697267] | Phase 3 | 188 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2013-04-30 | Completed | ||
| Cyclophosphamide Versus Methotrexate for Remission Maintenance in Systemic Necrotizing Vasculitides. A Randomized Controlled Trial.[NCT00751517] | Phase 2 | 0 participants | Interventional | Active, not recruiting | |||
| Steroid Treatment as Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Agent Following Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. A Randomized Trial[NCT04624776] | Phase 2 | 158 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2020-10-10 | Completed | ||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Number of disease relapse added with the number of SAE in each group (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Median follow-up period of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | Number of events (Number) |
|---|---|
| B Cell Reconstitution | 27 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 36 |
The rituximab utilization was measured in how many times a subject received Rituximab throughout the study which was then averaged for all subjects in each treatment arm, including those who did not receive any infusion. (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Median follow-up period of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | Infusions per subject (Mean) |
|---|---|
| B Cell Reconstitution | 3.6 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 0.5 |
The Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for Wegener's Granulomatosis (BVAS/WG ) is a form with 34 predefined items grouped into 9 organ systems. The items are clinical features observed in patients with active ANCA vasculitis. Each item has a specified weight of either 3 or 1, depending on whether it reflects major or minor disease activity. The total BVAS/WG score is the weighted sum of individual manifestations that are present and believed to be due to active ANCA vasculitis. Higher scores reflect more active disease. BVAS/WG scores range from 0 to 64. (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Median follow-up period of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | number of events (Number) |
|---|---|
| B Cell Reconstitution | 4 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 7 |
Number of patients with serious adverse events (SAEs), including all episodes of late onset neutropenia (LON). SAE are defined in the Serious adverse event section. Serious adverse events were reported over the entire study period (5.5 years) (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Median follow-up period of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| B Cell Reconstitution | 15 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 14 |
Hypogammaglobulinemia defined as an IgG < 250mg/dL (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Median follow-up period of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| B Cell Reconstitution | 1 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 0 |
number of deaths throughout the study. (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: 5.5 years
| Intervention | number of deaths (Number) |
|---|---|
| B Cell Reconstitution | 2 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 0 |
The Short Form (36) Health Survey is a 36-item, patient-reported survey of patient health. The SF-36 is a measure of health status and is commonly used in health economics as a variable in the quality-adjusted life year calculation to determine the cost-effectiveness of a health treatment. The SF-36 consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability. (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Assessed throughout the study period, every 6 months unless such time point was not reached or was missed by the patient. Median follow-up period is of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical functioning at 6 months | Role functioning/physical at 6 months | Role functioning/emotional at 6 months | Energy/fatigue at 6 months | Emotional well-being at 6 months | Social functioning at 6 months | Pain at 6 months | General health at 6 months | Physical functioning at 36 months | Role functioning/physical at 36 months | Role functioning/emotional at 36 months | Energy/fatigue at 36 months | Emotional well-being at 36 months | Social functioning at 36 months | Pain at 36 months | General health at 36 months | Physical functioning at 12 months | Role functioning/physical at 12 months | Role functioning/emotional at 12 months | Energy/ fatigue at 12 months | Emotional well-being at 12 months | Social functioning at 12 months | Pain at 12 months | General health at 12 months | Physical functioning at 18 months | Role functioning/physical at 18 months | Role functioning/emotional at 18 months | Energy/fatigue at 18 months | Emotional well-being at 18 months | Social functioning at 18 months | Pain at 18 months | General health at 18 months | Physical functioning at 24 months | Role functioning/physical at 24 months | Role functioning/emotional at 24 months | Energy/fatigue at 24 months | Emotional well-being at 24 months | Social functioning at 24 months | Pain at 24 months | General health at 24 months | Physical functioning at 30 months | Role functioning/physical at 30 months | Role functioning/emotional at 30 months | Energy/fatigue at 30 months | Emotional well-being at 30 months | Social functioning at 30 months | Pain at 30 months | General health at 30 months | Physical functioning at 42 months | Role functioning/physical at 42 months | Role functioning/emotional at 42 months | Energy/fatigue at 42 months | Emotional well-being at 42 months | Social functioning at 42 months | Pain at 42 months | General health at 42 months | Physical functioning at 48 months | Role functioning/physical at 48 months | Role functioning/emotional at 48 months | Energy/fatigue at 48 months | Emotional well-being at 48 months | Social functioning at 48 months | Pain at 48 months | General health at 48 months | Physical functioning at 60 months | Role functioning/physical at 60 months | Role functioning/emotional at 60 months | Energy/fatigue at 60 months | Emotional well-being at 60 months | Social functioning at 60 months | Pain at 60 months | General health at 60 months | |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 82 | 65 | 75 | 67 | 81 | 88 | 82 | 63 | 88 | 79 | 82 | 73 | 84 | 95 | 87 | 70 | 82 | 63 | 68 | 65 | 81 | 86 | 80 | 63 | 82 | 62 | 74 | 68 | 81 | 92 | 82 | 67 | 88 | 71 | 80 | 76 | 85 | 94 | 82 | 70 | 88 | 72 | 80 | 72 | 84 | 94 | 83 | 70 | 82 | 60 | 76 | 70 | 85 | 87 | 82 | 63 | 95 | 100 | 100 | 75 | 85 | 100 | 80 | 75 | 92 | 100 | 89 | 71 | 83 | 92 | 83 | 70 |
The Short Form (36) Health Survey is a 36-item, patient-reported survey of patient health. The SF-36 is a measure of health status and is commonly used in health economics as a variable in the quality-adjusted life year calculation to determine the cost-effectiveness of a health treatment. The SF-36 consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. Each scale is directly transformed into a 0-100 scale. The lower the score the more disability. The higher the score the less disability i.e., a score of zero is equivalent to maximum disability and a score of 100 is equivalent to no disability. (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Assessed throughout the study period, every 6 months unless such time point was not reached or was missed by the patient. Median follow-up period is of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical functioning at 6 months | Role functioning/physical at 6 months | Role functioning/emotional at 6 months | Energy/fatigue at 6 months | Emotional well-being at 6 months | Social functioning at 6 months | Pain at 6 months | General health at 6 months | Physical functioning at 36 months | Role functioning/physical at 36 months | Role functioning/emotional at 36 months | Energy/fatigue at 36 months | Emotional well-being at 36 months | Social functioning at 36 months | Pain at 36 months | General health at 36 months | Physical functioning at 12 months | Role functioning/physical at 12 months | Role functioning/emotional at 12 months | Energy/ fatigue at 12 months | Emotional well-being at 12 months | Social functioning at 12 months | Pain at 12 months | General health at 12 months | Physical functioning at 18 months | Role functioning/physical at 18 months | Role functioning/emotional at 18 months | Energy/fatigue at 18 months | Emotional well-being at 18 months | Social functioning at 18 months | Pain at 18 months | General health at 18 months | Physical functioning at 24 months | Role functioning/physical at 24 months | Role functioning/emotional at 24 months | Energy/fatigue at 24 months | Emotional well-being at 24 months | Social functioning at 24 months | Pain at 24 months | General health at 24 months | Physical functioning at 30 months | Role functioning/physical at 30 months | Role functioning/emotional at 30 months | Energy/fatigue at 30 months | Emotional well-being at 30 months | Social functioning at 30 months | Pain at 30 months | General health at 30 months | Physical functioning at 42 months | Role functioning/physical at 42 months | Role functioning/emotional at 42 months | Energy/fatigue at 42 months | Emotional well-being at 42 months | Social functioning at 42 months | Pain at 42 months | General health at 42 months | Physical functioning at 48 months | Role functioning/physical at 48 months | Role functioning/emotional at 48 months | Energy/fatigue at 48 months | Emotional well-being at 48 months | Social functioning at 48 months | Pain at 48 months | General health at 48 months | Physical functioning at 54 months | Role functioning/physical at 54 months | Role functioning/emotional at 54 months | Energy/fatigue at 54 months | Emotional well-being at 54 months | Social functioning at 54 months | Pain at 54 months | General health at 54 months | Physical functioning at 60 months | Role functioning/physical at 60 months | Role functioning/emotional at 60 months | Energy/fatigue at 60 months | Emotional well-being at 60 months | Social functioning at 60 months | Pain at 60 months | General health at 60 months | |
| B Cell Reconstitution | 84 | 66 | 79 | 65 | 83 | 89 | 79 | 66 | 74 | 50 | 65 | 58 | 76 | 83 | 69 | 60 | 79 | 61 | 82 | 65 | 86 | 92 | 81 | 66 | 83 | 70 | 88 | 69 | 85 | 96 | 84 | 68 | 83 | 71 | 84 | 68 | 82 | 91 | 81 | 69 | 85 | 74 | 87 | 64 | 81 | 90 | 86 | 60 | 76 | 58 | 67 | 60 | 77 | 85 | 83 | 59 | 65 | 67 | 67 | 52 | 73 | 65 | 70 | 61 | 88 | 50 | 67 | 67 | 84 | 84 | 81 | 59 | 72 | 33 | 100 | 48 | 82 | 63 | 53 | 58 |
Number of infections mild and severe, whether they were treated or not with antibiotics (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Median follow-up period of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | number of events (Number) | |
|---|---|---|
| Serious Adverse Events- Infections | Adverse Events- Infections | |
| B Cell Reconstitution | 12 | 72 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 6 | 59 |
Relapses recording period was from 6/1/2016 to 12/31/2021. The outcome was reported as the number of participants with disease relapse who had either positive ANCA titers specific for myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA) or proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA). The Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for Wegener's Granulomatosis (BVAS/WG ) is a form with 34 predefined items grouped into 9 organ systems. The items are clinical features observed in patients with active ANCA vasculitis. Each item has a specified weight of either 3 or 1, depending on whether it reflects major or minor disease activity. The total BVAS/WG score is the weighted sum of individual manifestations that are present and believed to be due to active ANCA vasculitis. Higher scores reflect more active disease. BVAS/WG scores range from 0 to 64. (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: Median follow-up period of 4.1 years (IQR, 2.5 - 5.0)
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |
|---|---|---|
| PR3 | MPO | |
| B Cell Reconstitution | 1 | 4 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 7 | 7 |
The Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI) is a validated formal assessment tool in ANCA-associated vasculitis clinical trials. The VDI distinguishes vasculitis-induced chronic damage from active inflammation or persistent disease. Each item represents a disease manifestation and is given a score (of 1) if present for at least 3 months. Neither the cause of damage (vasculitis vs treatment) nor an ongoing activity are taken into consideration. The VDI includes 64 items categorized into 11 groups (by organ system) and the scored items are summed to give a total score ranging from 0 to 64. A higher score means more accrued damage. (NCT02749292)
Timeframe: 3 years starting at inclusion
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| VDI at inclusion | VDI at 3 years | |
| B Cell Reconstitution | 1.27 | 1.42 |
| Serologic ANCA Flare | 1.07 | 1.08 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 12 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 50.8 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 51.9 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 24 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 51.9 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 53.5 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 36 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 52.3 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 51.8 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 4 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 51.8 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 51.0 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 48 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 50.9 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 53.9 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 12 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 38.2 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 34.6 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 24 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 36.7 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 35.6 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 36 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 34.6 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 33.8 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 4 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 36.7 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 36.1 |
The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered quality-of-life measures. Scores for the scale range from 0-100 and transformed to have a mean of 50 and SD of 10 in the reference population, with higher scores indicating a better Health-related Quality of Life. (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 48 months
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 35.8 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 35.0 |
Infection (treated with intravenous or oral antibiotics) rates (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: Up to 4 years
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 54 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 62 |
Severe adverse event (SAE) rate (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: Up to 48 months
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) |
|---|---|
| Rituximab Maintenance | 37 |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 48 |
Cumulative accrual of damage as measured by the combined damage assessment score (CDA). Each persistent or new occurrence of damage is given a score of 1. The cumulative accrual of damage is obtained by summing across the different types of damage to get an overall score (max score = 64). (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: data in Rows represent the change from randomization (month 4) to months 12, 24, 36, and 48.
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Randomisation to month 12 | Randomisation to month 24 | Randomisation to month 36 | Randomisation to month 48 | |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 0.337 | 0.533 | 0.899 | 1.38 |
| Rituximab Maintenance | 0.275 | 0.571 | 0.676 | 1.09 |
Cumulative glucocorticoid (GC) exposure during the trial. The trial had a common close out date when the final patient reached month 36 in the trial. Patients were followed until month 48 or the common close out date, whichever happened sooner. Therefore, follow up varied between 36 and 48 months. Cumulative glucocorticoid exposure is presented as a dose in mg for during the treatment period (up to month 24) and across the whole trial (until month 48 or common close out when the final patient reached month 36). (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: Up to 48 months
| Intervention | mg (Mean) | |
|---|---|---|
| Overall (randomisation to end of trial) | Maintenance treatment period (randomisation to month 24) | |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 4780 | 2426 |
| Rituximab Maintenance | 3717 | 2184 |
Proportion of patients who maintain remission at 24 and 48 months (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: 24 and 48 months
| Intervention | Participants (Count of Participants) | |
|---|---|---|
| Month 24 | Month 48 | |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 70 | 44 |
| Rituximab Maintenance | 73 | 54 |
The primary efficacy outcome measure of the trial is relapse-free survival, where a relapse is either major or minor. The primary analysis will be a Cox regression model adjusted for the stratification factors (ANCA type, relapse severity and prednisone induction regimen) for the difference in the distribution of relapse-free survival between the rituximab arm and the azathioprine (control) arm (two-sided at α-level of 5%). (NCT01697267)
Timeframe: Any patients who have not relapsed at up to a maximum of 4 years will be censored.
| Intervention | participants (Number) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of patients with a relapse | Total number of patients with a relapse during treatment | Total number of patients with a relapse post treatment | |
| Azathioprine Maintenance | 60 | 32 | 28 |
| Rituximab Maintenance | 38 | 13 | 25 |
38 reviews available for azathioprine and Angiitis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Digital ischemia in Behçet's disease: case-based review.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Aspirin; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Colchicine; | 2020 |
Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosuppre | 2020 |
Management of cutaneous vasculitis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Colchicine; Consensus; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Resistance; Glucocorticoids; Huma | 2020 |
Vasculitis and Pregnancy.
Topics: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Contraind | 2017 |
Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosuppre | 2015 |
[Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathiopr | 2008 |
[Treatment of systemic vasculitides].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antiviral Agents; Azathioprine; Ch | 2008 |
Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Immunosuppre | 2008 |
Review article: Progress of treatment in ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosph | 2009 |
Necrotizing vasculitis--a 2009 update.
Topics: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Churg-Str | 2009 |
[Diagnosis and management of small vessel vasculitides].
Topics: Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Mono | 2010 |
What does the future hold for clinical studies in vasculitis?
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Glucocorticoids; History, 20 | 2011 |
[Current indications of azathioprine in nephrology].
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidney Trans | 2013 |
New insights into the immunopathogenesis and treatment of small vessel vasculitis of the kidney.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Ant | 2003 |
[Association of systemic diseases and myelodysplastic syndromes. A retrospective study of 14 cases].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azathioprine; Blood Transfusion; Cyclophosp | 2003 |
Vasculitis of the nervous system.
Topics: Azathioprine; Connective Tissue Diseases; Cyclophosphamide; Diagnosis, Differential; Giant Cell Arte | 2004 |
[New aspects in ANCA-associated vasculitides].
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Autoantigens; Azathioprine; CD28 Antigens; Churg-St | 2004 |
[Systemic manifestations of Parvovirus B19 infections].
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Viral; Arthritis, Infectious; Arthriti | 2004 |
What is new in the therapy of ANCA-associated vasculitides? Take home messages from the 12th workshop on ANCA and systemic vasculitides.
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclophosphamide; Et | 2005 |
Primary systemic vasculitis: treatment of difficult cases.
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibo | 2006 |
[Microscopic polyangiitis].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Age Factors; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Biologic | 2007 |
[Treatment of ANCA-associated vascularitides].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, | 2007 |
ANCA-associated vasculitis: diagnostic and therapeutic strategy.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Biological Products; | 2007 |
Current therapies for systemic vasculitis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporine; Dapsone; Humans; Immunization, Passive; | 1994 |
[Case of hypertrophic meningitis with vasculitis syndrome].
Topics: Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Meningitis; Middle Aged; Prednisolone; Vasculitis | 1994 |
Treatment of vasculitis.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Combined Modality Thera | 1993 |
Treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibody-associated systemic vasculitis: initiatives of the European Community Systemic Vasculitis Clinical Trials Study Group.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as To | 1997 |
Management of systemic vasculitis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Combinations; Glucocorticoids; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis | 2001 |
Primary systemic vasculitis.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Churg-Strauss | 2001 |
Conventional treatment and outcome of Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; | 2002 |
Laryngeal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngeal Edema; L | 1992 |
Azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Connective Tissue Diseases; Cyclophosphamide; Hum | 1990 |
Pulmonary vasculitis.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Chlorambucil; Connective Tissue Diseases; Cy | 1986 |
Acute renal disease in vasculitis.
Topics: Actuarial Analysis; Acute Disease; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; | 1988 |
Management of rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Juvenile; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Chloroquine; Cyc | 1986 |
[Blood hypereosinophilias. IV. Symptomatic hypereosinophilias: connective tissue diseases, neoplasms, blood diseases, various causes].
Topics: Aged; Asthma; Azathioprine; Connective Tissue Diseases; Cortisone; Eosinophilia; Female; Hematologic | 1985 |
Mechanisms of action and clinical applications of cytotoxic drugs in rheumatic disorders.
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Chlorambucil; Collagen Diseases; Cyclophos | 1985 |
[Drug therapy of vasculitis with immunosuppressive agents, immunomodulators and cyclosporin A].
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Azathioprine; Chromones; Cyclophosphamide; Cyclosporins; Cysteine; | 1985 |
9 trials available for azathioprine and Angiitis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Protocol for a randomized multicenter study for isolated skin vasculitis (ARAMIS) comparing the efficacy of three drugs: azathioprine, colchicine, and dapsone.
Topics: Azathioprine; Colchicine; Cross-Over Studies; Dapsone; Drug Resistance; Humans; Multicenter Studies | 2020 |
Azathioprine or methotrexate maintenance for ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, C | 2008 |
Treatment of polyarteritis nodosa and microscopic polyangiitis without poor-prognosis factors: A prospective randomized study of one hundred twenty-four patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Eye Diseases; Female; Fo | 2010 |
A randomized trial of maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, C | 2003 |
A randomized trial of maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, C | 2003 |
A randomized trial of maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, C | 2003 |
A randomized trial of maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, C | 2003 |
Positive classic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA) titer at switch to azathioprine therapy associated with relapse in proteinase 3-related vasculitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Disease-Free Su | 2004 |
Optimizing the therapeutic strategies in ANCA-associated vasculitis--single centre experience with international randomized trials.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathiopr | 2006 |
Lepromatous rheumatoid.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Immunogl | 1982 |
Controlled trial of pulse versus continuous prednisolone and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of systemic vasculitis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Dr | 1997 |
Prednisone plus azathioprine treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by vasculitis.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Predniso | 1991 |
73 other studies available for azathioprine and Angiitis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Multiple jeopardy: Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in vasculitic flare.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Clinical Decision-Making; Cyclophosphamide; Diagnosis, Differ | 2020 |
Efficacy and safety of low-dose corticosteroid with azathioprine in the treatment of elderly-onset IgA vasculitis with nephritis.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azathioprine; Humans; IgA Vasculitis; Immunoglobul | 2021 |
Rheumatoid arthritis causing diffuse alveolar haemorrhage: a novel therapeutic approach.
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Administration Schedule; F | 2017 |
Hypomorphic RAG1 defect in a child presented with pulmonary hemorrhage and digital necrosis.
Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic; Azathioprine; Child, Preschool; Consanguinity; Cyclophosphamide; Diagnostic Error | 2018 |
Isolated vasculitis of the urinary bladder: a note on diagnosis and prognosis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Cystitis; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Middle Age | 2018 |
Idiopathic angioedema and urticarial vasculitis in a patient with a history of acquired haemophilia.
Topics: Aged; Angioedema; Autoimmunity; Azathioprine; Colchicine; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hemoph | 2015 |
Testicular lymphocytic vasculitis treated with prednisolone and azathioprine.
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Male; Prednisolone; Testicular Diseases; Test | 2017 |
Chronic alveolar haemorrhage in a paediatric patient: a diagnostic and treatment challenge.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Biopsy; C | 2015 |
Ureteric vasculitis, an unusual presentation of polyarteritis nodosa: a case report.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; P | 2015 |
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy with Angiitis: Emerging Options for Treatment.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Brain; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy; Diagnosis, Differe | 2015 |
Behçet's syndrome with gangrenous bilateral lower limbs.
Topics: Adult; Amputation, Surgical; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Behcet Syndrome; Female; Gangre | 2016 |
Pulmonary extramedullary hematopoiesis.
Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Azathioprine; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Diagnosis, Di | 2008 |
Mycophenolate mofetil in anti-MPO renal vasculitis: an alternative therapy in case of cyclophosphamide or azathioprine toxicity.
Topics: Aged; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidn | 2008 |
[ANCA(antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)-associated vasculitis in a man with extreme fatigue, fever and progressive renal dysfunction].
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; H | 2008 |
A case of ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis induced by atorvastatin.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Anticholesteremic Agents; Atorvast | 2008 |
Vasculitic IgA nephropathy: prognosis and outcome.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Blood Pre | 2009 |
Thiopurinemethyltransferase (TPMT) genotype and TPMT activity in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: relation to azathioprine maintenance treatment and adverse effects.
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Genotype; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Me | 2009 |
Optimizing clinical use of azathioprine with newer pharmacogenetic data.
Topics: Azathioprine; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Fe | 2009 |
An unusual case of ANA negative systemic lupus erythematosus presented with vasculitis, long-standing serositis and full-house nephropathy.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Dipyridam | 2013 |
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy related vasculitis: successful treatment with azathioprine.
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy; Cerebral Arteries; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressiv | 2010 |
Fatal rhabdomyolysis in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Arthritis; Azathioprine; | 2011 |
Large leg ulcers due to autoimmune diseases.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Autoimmune Diseases; Azathioprine; Ciprofloxacin; Cyclophosphamide; | 2011 |
A case of primary Sjögren's syndrome presenting primarily with central nervous system vasculitic involvement.
Topics: Adult; Angiography, Digital Subtraction; Azathioprine; Brain; Central Nervous System Diseases; Diagn | 2012 |
Oculopalpebral borreliosis as an unusual manifestation of Lyme disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Antibodies, Bacterial; Azathioprine; Borrelia burgdorferi; Corneal Ulcer; Cyclosporine; | 2013 |
Vasculitis associated with tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors.
Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, H | 2012 |
Churg-Strauss syndrome: diagnostic difficulties and pathogenesis.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis; Azathioprine; Churg-Strauss Syndrome; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; | 2003 |
Treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppressive Ag | 2003 |
Maintenance therapy for vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies.
Topics: Actuarial Analysis; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Disease- | 2003 |
[Treatment of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis or ANCA-associated vasculitis].
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combination; G | 2003 |
[Diagnostic image (176). A man with a black thumb. Necrosis of the thumb as a symptom of rheumatoid vasculitis].
Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Humans; Male; Necrosis; Prednisone; | 2004 |
[Nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy treated with steroid and azathioprine].
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Fever of Unknown Origin; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Peripheral Nerv | 2005 |
Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis: a rare presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Azathioprine; Complement C3c; Complement C4; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; | 2006 |
When should patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis be switched from induction to maintenance therapy?
Topics: Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppressive Ag | 2007 |
Cytostatic drugs in the treatment of severe vasculitides. Indications, results and risks.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Therapy, Combin | 1984 |
Multiple mononeuropathy as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus--nerve biopsy and response to plasma exchange.
Topics: Azathioprine; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Extremities; Female; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Sys | 1982 |
Vasculitis affecting the kidney: presentation, histopathology and long-term outcome.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Prescho | 1984 |
[Therapy of inflammatory vascular diseases].
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anticoagulants; Antilymphocyte Serum; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Human | 1981 |
Churg-Strauss syndrome. Development of cardiomyopathy during corticosteroid treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Azathioprine; Cardiomyopathies; Cyclophosphamide; Granuloma; Heart Diseases; Hum | 1982 |
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and pulmonary vasculitis associated with circulating immune complexes.
Topics: Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Antigen-Antibody Complex; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hu | 1980 |
Cerebral vasculitis complicating rheumatoid arthritis.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine; Cerebral Angiography; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Glucoc | 1995 |
The efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in sight-threatening retinal vasculitis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Pre | 1994 |
Necrotizing vasculitis--relapse despite cytotoxic therapy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arteritis; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis; Hu | 1993 |
Relapses in patients with a systemic vasculitis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Autoantibodies; Azathioprine | 1993 |
Cerebrospinal fluid and therapy of isolated angiitis of the central nervous system.
Topics: Albumins; Azathioprine; Brain; Central Nervous System; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Magnetic Resonance I | 1994 |
Triple drug immunosuppression significantly reduces aortic allograft arteriosclerosis in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Aorta; Aortic Diseases; Arteriosclerosis; Azathioprine; Cell Division; Cyclosporine; Down-R | 1996 |
Factors associated with the development of vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis: results of a case-control study.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid | 1996 |
Factors associated with fetal losses in severe systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Azathioprine; Case-Control Studies; Chloroquine; Cohort Studies; Congen | 1996 |
Acute allergic reactions associated with azathioprine.
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nephritis, Interstitia | 1996 |
Systemic vasculitis associated with seronegative spondylarthropathy (Reiter's syndrome).
Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Reactive; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Radiog | 1997 |
Unusual presentation of cutaneous vasculitis.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antimetabolites; Azathioprine; Bacterial Infections; Child; Humans; Male; | 1998 |
Relapse of vasculitis, sepsis, or azathioprine allergy?
Topics: Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Re | 1998 |
The role of azathioprine in the management of retinal vasculitis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fema | 1998 |
[Sigmoid perforation caused by drug-induced vasculitis: findings with computerized tomography. A case].
Topics: Aged; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestinal Perforation; Sigmoid Diseas | 1999 |
What is new in systemic vasculitis?
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Azathioprine; Biomarkers; Endopeptidases; Endotheli | 2000 |
PFAPA syndrome (Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, Adenitis).
Topics: Azathioprine; Child; Cimetidine; Fever; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant; Lymphadenitis; Mal | 1999 |
Clinical image: occult large vessel vasculitis diagnosed by PET imaging.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Aorta, Thoracic; Aortitis; Arteritis; Azathioprine; | 2001 |
[Mesenteric vasculitis and abdominal mass].
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunosuppr | 2002 |
Coincidence of asymptomatic avascular necrosis and fracture of the femoral neck: a rare combination of glucocorticoid induced side effects.
Topics: Azathioprine; Bone Density; Female; Femoral Neck Fractures; Femur Head Necrosis; Humans; Immunosuppr | 2002 |
Cyclophosphamide therapy of severe systemic necrotizing vasculitis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Humans; Male; Mi | 1979 |
A new therapeutic strategy in systemic vasculitis?
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antineoplastic Agents; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Necrosis; Po | 1979 |
Primary malignant lymphoma of the CNS and polyneuropathy in a patient with necrotizing vasculitis treated with immunosuppression.
Topics: Azathioprine; Brain Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Lymphoma; Middle Aged; Necr | 1979 |
Crescentic glomerulonephritis in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anticoagulants; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclopho | 1992 |
Necrotizing mesenteric vasculitis after longstanding cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Dapsone; Female; Humans; Mesenteric Arteries; Methotrexate; N | 1992 |
[A patient with recurrent polychondritis, vasculitis and local focal glomerulonephritis].
Topics: Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Glomerulonephritis; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental; Hu | 1988 |
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis: clinical experience in 44 patients.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Chronic Disease; Colchicine; Drug Evaluation; Dr | 1987 |
[Therapy of systemic vasculitis].
Topics: Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Plasmapheresis; Prednisone; Vascu | 1987 |
Severe alveolar haemorrhage in Churg-Strauss syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Asthma; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Glucocorticoids; Hemorrhage; Humans; Lung Dis | 1987 |
Renal histopathology in kidney transplant recipients immunosuppressed with cyclosporin A: results of an international workshop.
Topics: Arterioles; Atrophy; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Cyclosporins; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppression | 1985 |
Livedoid vasculitis and central nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Betamethasone; Blood Vessels; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cyclophosphamide | 1986 |
The clinical spectrum of necrotizing angiopathy of the peripheral nervous system.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Blood Vessels; Cyclophosphamide; Electrodiagnosis; Female; Follow-Up Stud | 1985 |
Isolated angiitis of the central nervous system.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prednisone; Vascu | 1985 |
The ENT manifestations of systemic vasculitis.
Topics: Azathioprine; Deafness; Ear Diseases; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose Diseases; Otitis Media | 1985 |
Acute pulmonary embolism in a child with ANCA-negative Idiopathic Pulmonary Capillaritis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Capillaries; Chest Pain; Child; Female; Hemor | 2019 |