Page last updated: 2024-10-23

azathioprine and Alopecia

azathioprine has been researched along with Alopecia in 34 studies

Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.

Alopecia: Absence of hair from areas where it is normally present.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"A 16-year-old woman with MG developed hair loss, pancytopenia, bloody diarrhea, and fever shortly after azathioprine treatment."8.12Alopecia and colon ulcers following azathioprine use in a patient with myasthenia gravis: A case report. ( Hsu, WY; Lin, LC; Lin, PC; Liu, YC, 2022)
"Azathioprine (AZA) is the drug recommended for the continuation of immunosuppressive treatment after renal transplant in women during pregnancy."7.88Azathioprine-induced Agranulocytosis and Severe Alopecia After Kidney Transplantation Associated With a NUDT15 Polymorphism: A Case Report. ( Andoh, A; Ishikura, K; Kamei, K; Kano, Y; Matsumura, S; Ogura, M; Saida, K; Sato, M, 2018)
" Chlorambucil may hold advantages over the immunosuppressive drugs normally recommended in this condition, azathioprine and cyclophosphamide, as it appears less liable to cause important marrow suppression and, unlike cyclophosphamide is not associated with alopecia and haemorrhagic cystitis."7.65Treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus including nephritis with chlorambucil. ( Dunnill, MS; Halley, W; Holt, JM; Oliver, DO; Snaith, ML; Stephenson, AC, 1973)
"Though not exempt from adverse events, azathioprine (AZA) is an inexpensive and effective drug in the induction and maintenance treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease."5.72Azathioprine-induced alopecia: a rare adverse event, early marker of myelotoxicity. ( Baños Arévalo, AJ; Gallardo Sánchez, F; Merino Gallego, E; Miras Lucas, L; Pérez González, Á; Vázquez Rodríguez, JA, 2022)
"A patient with Crohn's disease and alopecia totalis is described."5.28Alopecia totalis in a patient with Crohn's disease and its treatment with azathioprine. ( August, PJ; Goddard, CJ; Whorwell, PJ, 1989)
"A 16-year-old woman with MG developed hair loss, pancytopenia, bloody diarrhea, and fever shortly after azathioprine treatment."4.12Alopecia and colon ulcers following azathioprine use in a patient with myasthenia gravis: A case report. ( Hsu, WY; Lin, LC; Lin, PC; Liu, YC, 2022)
"Azathioprine (AZA)-metabolizing enzyme gene polymorphism is strongly related to thiopurine-induced leukocytopenia, which has not been well recognized in dermatological practice."3.88Severe thiopurine-induced leukocytopenia and hair loss in Japanese patients with defective NUDT15 variant: Retrospective case-control study. ( Fujii, M; Honma, M; Igawa, S; Iinuma, S; Ishida-Yamamoto, A; Kanno, K; Kishibe, K; Kishibe, M; Nozaki, H; Ohtsubo, S; Okamoto, K, 2018)
"Azathioprine (AZA) is the drug recommended for the continuation of immunosuppressive treatment after renal transplant in women during pregnancy."3.88Azathioprine-induced Agranulocytosis and Severe Alopecia After Kidney Transplantation Associated With a NUDT15 Polymorphism: A Case Report. ( Andoh, A; Ishikura, K; Kamei, K; Kano, Y; Matsumura, S; Ogura, M; Saida, K; Sato, M, 2018)
" Chlorambucil may hold advantages over the immunosuppressive drugs normally recommended in this condition, azathioprine and cyclophosphamide, as it appears less liable to cause important marrow suppression and, unlike cyclophosphamide is not associated with alopecia and haemorrhagic cystitis."3.65Treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus including nephritis with chlorambucil. ( Dunnill, MS; Halley, W; Holt, JM; Oliver, DO; Snaith, ML; Stephenson, AC, 1973)
" Prednisolone dosage was gradually tapered to 10 mg/d at 6 months, when cyclophosphamide was replaced by azathioprine (2 mg/kg/d p."2.69Treatment of membranous lupus nephritis with nephrotic syndrome by sequential immunosuppression. ( Chan, KW; Chan, TM; Hao, WK; Lai, KN; Li, FK; Lui, SL; Tang, S, 1999)
"Though not exempt from adverse events, azathioprine (AZA) is an inexpensive and effective drug in the induction and maintenance treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease."1.72Azathioprine-induced alopecia: a rare adverse event, early marker of myelotoxicity. ( Baños Arévalo, AJ; Gallardo Sánchez, F; Merino Gallego, E; Miras Lucas, L; Pérez González, Á; Vázquez Rodríguez, JA, 2022)
" NUDT15 variants are associated with thiopurine-induced adverse events, particularly in Asians."1.56Rare Genotype of His/His in NUDT15 Codon 139 and Thiopurine-associated Adverse Events in a Case of Ulcerative Colitis. ( Kakuta, Y; Kawata, Y; Okamoto, D; Sato, H; Terai, S; Tominaga, K; Tomiyoshi, K; Yokoyama, J, 2020)
"Despite NUDT15 variants showing significant association with thiopurine-induced adverse events (AEs) in Asians, it remains unclear which variants of NUDT15 or whether additional genetic variants should be tested to predict AEs."1.48NUDT15 codon 139 is the best pharmacogenetic marker for predicting thiopurine-induced severe adverse events in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter study. ( Andoh, A; Araki, H; Endo, K; Hanai, H; Hiraoka, S; Hisamatsu, T; Hokari, R; Ikeya, K; Ishiguro, Y; Kakuta, Y; Kawai, Y; Kinouchi, Y; Kobayashi, T; Masamune, A; Matsumoto, T; Miura, M; Mizuno, S; Moroi, R; Motoya, S; Naganuma, M; Nagasaki, M; Naito, T; Nakagawa, S; Nakagawa, T; Nakamura, S; Nakase, H; Nishida, A; Okamoto, D; Onodera, K; Sakuraba, H; Sasaki, M; Shiga, H; Shimosegawa, T; Shinozaki, M; Suzuki, Y; Takagawa, T; Takahara, M; Toyonaga, T; Yanai, S, 2018)
"Thiopurine-induced severe hair loss causes cosmetic problems, and it takes a long time to recover."1.43NUDT15 R139C causes thiopurine-induced early severe hair loss and leukopenia in Japanese patients with IBD. ( Endo, K; Kakuta, Y; Kimura, T; Kinouchi, Y; Kuroha, M; Naito, T; Negoro, K; Onodera, M; Shiga, H; Shimosegawa, T, 2016)
"Thiopurine-induced leukopenia is a relatively common adverse event related to thiopurine medication in Korean pediatric Crohn's disease."1.43NUDT15 variant is the most common variant associated with thiopurine-induced early leukopenia and alopecia in Korean pediatric patients with Crohn's disease. ( Hwang, EH; Kang, B; Kim, SY; Lee, YJ; Park, JH; Shin, JH, 2016)
" This study aims to detect TPMT polymorphisms and TPMT enzyme activity in Chinese SLE patients and to describe the association between TPMT genotypes and adverse effects of AZA."1.40Association of thiopurine methyltransferase status with azathioprine side effects in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Chen, D; Lian, F; Liang, L; Qiu, Q; Wang, Y; Xu, H; Yang, X; Ye, Y; Yuan, S; Zhan, Z, 2014)
"Both alopecia and polymyositis are rarely associated with inflammatory bowel disease; thus, they have to be discussed as extraintestinal manifestations."1.29Polymyositis, alopecia universalis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis in a patient with Crohn's disease. ( Jakob, F; Klein, R; Seibold, F, 1996)
"A patient with Crohn's disease and alopecia totalis is described."1.28Alopecia totalis in a patient with Crohn's disease and its treatment with azathioprine. ( August, PJ; Goddard, CJ; Whorwell, PJ, 1989)
"Treatment with azathioprine resulted in a progressive improvement in her condition."1.26A case of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease respondong to treatment with azathioprine. ( Hendry, AT; Sanderson, JE; Spiro, SG; Turner-Warwick, M, 1977)
"Azathioprine was best tolerated, but gave only medium results whereas procarbazine, as a very potent drug, had the highest rate of side effects (especially depression of bone marrow, infections, gastrointestinal manifestations etc."1.25[Side effects in immunosuppressive therapy]. ( Thumb, N, 1975)

Research

Studies (34)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199013 (38.24)18.7374
1990's3 (8.82)18.2507
2000's2 (5.88)29.6817
2010's11 (32.35)24.3611
2020's5 (14.71)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Vázquez Rodríguez, JA1
Merino Gallego, E1
Baños Arévalo, AJ1
Gallardo Sánchez, F1
Miras Lucas, L1
Pérez González, Á1
Paudel, V1
Chudal, D1
Pradhan, MB1
Thakur, R1
Pandey, BR1
Hsu, WY1
Lin, PC1
Liu, YC1
Lin, LC1
Tomiyoshi, K1
Sato, H1
Tominaga, K1
Kawata, Y1
Okamoto, D2
Kakuta, Y3
Yokoyama, J1
Terai, S1
Stanich, PP1
Lujan, G1
Hosmer, A1
Nomura, H1
Kurihara, Y1
Saito, M1
Fukushima, A1
Shintani, Y1
Shiiyama, R1
Toshima, S1
Kamata, A1
Yamagami, J1
Funakoshi, T1
Kameyama, K1
Amagai, M1
Kubo, A1
Umegaki-Arao, N1
Hon, KL1
Chang, M1
Chong, SC1
Yuen, YP1
Tsui, SKW1
Kawai, Y1
Takagawa, T1
Ikeya, K1
Sakuraba, H1
Nishida, A1
Nakagawa, S1
Miura, M1
Toyonaga, T1
Onodera, K1
Shinozaki, M1
Ishiguro, Y1
Mizuno, S1
Takahara, M1
Yanai, S1
Hokari, R1
Nakagawa, T1
Araki, H1
Motoya, S1
Naito, T2
Moroi, R1
Shiga, H2
Endo, K2
Kobayashi, T1
Naganuma, M1
Hiraoka, S1
Matsumoto, T1
Nakamura, S1
Nakase, H1
Hisamatsu, T1
Sasaki, M1
Hanai, H1
Andoh, A2
Nagasaki, M1
Kinouchi, Y2
Shimosegawa, T2
Masamune, A1
Suzuki, Y1
Kishibe, M1
Nozaki, H1
Fujii, M1
Iinuma, S1
Ohtsubo, S1
Igawa, S1
Kanno, K1
Honma, M1
Kishibe, K1
Okamoto, K1
Ishida-Yamamoto, A1
Saida, K1
Kamei, K1
Ogura, M1
Matsumura, S1
Kano, Y1
Sato, M1
Ishikura, K1
Chen, D1
Lian, F1
Yuan, S1
Wang, Y1
Zhan, Z1
Ye, Y1
Qiu, Q1
Xu, H1
Liang, L1
Yang, X1
Gupta, P1
Shaffrali, F1
Onodera, M1
Kuroha, M1
Kimura, T1
Negoro, K1
Lee, YJ1
Hwang, EH1
Park, JH1
Shin, JH1
Kang, B1
Kim, SY1
Vañó-Galván, S1
Hermosa-Gelbard, Á1
Sánchez-Neila, N1
Miguel-Gómez, L1
Saceda-Corralo, D1
Rodrigues-Barata, R1
Jaén, P1
Park, SW1
Um, SH1
Lee, HA1
Kim, SH1
Sim, Y1
Yim, SY1
Seo, YS1
Ryu, HS1
Takatsu, N1
Matsui, T1
Murakami, Y1
Ishihara, H1
Hisabe, T1
Nagahama, T1
Maki, S1
Beppu, T1
Takaki, Y1
Hirai, F1
Yao, K1
Reményi, P1
Masszi, T1
Borbényi, Z1
Soós, J1
Siklós, L1
Engelhardt, JI1
Lawson, DH1
Lovatt, GE1
Gurton, CS1
Hennings, RC1
Seibold, F1
Klein, R1
Jakob, F1
Chan, TM1
Li, FK1
Hao, WK1
Chan, KW1
Lui, SL1
Tang, S1
Lai, KN1
Ushigome, H1
Yoshimura, N1
Okamoto, M1
Najima, H1
Hamajima, T1
Nakai, I1
Oka, T1
Sessa, A1
Sirtori, CM1
Giordano, F1
Cioffi, A1
Conte, F1
Dei Poli, M1
Sanderson, JE1
Spiro, SG1
Hendry, AT1
Turner-Warwick, M1
Thumb, N1
Goddard, CJ1
August, PJ1
Whorwell, PJ1
van Joost, T1
Stolz, E1
Habets, W1
Notowicz, A1
Levantine, A1
Almeyda, J1
McDonald, J1
Murphy, AV1
Arneil, GC1
Koranda, FC1
Dehmel, EM1
Kahn, G1
Penn, I1
Snaith, ML1
Holt, JM1
Oliver, DO1
Dunnill, MS1
Halley, W1
Stephenson, AC1
Currey, HL1
Kalter, SS1
Ratner, IA1
Britton, HA1
Vice, TE1
Eugster, AK1
Rodriguez, AR1
Pachiolo, R1
Genova, R1

Reviews

3 reviews available for azathioprine and Alopecia

ArticleYear
Adverse effects of azathioprine.
    Adverse drug reactions and acute poisoning reviews, 1984,Autumn, Volume: 3, Issue:3

    Topics: Alopecia; Azathioprine; Bone Marrow Diseases; Carcinogens; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Interactions;

1984
Drug reactions. XXIV. Cutaneous reactions to cytostatic agents.
    The British journal of dermatology, 1974, Volume: 90, Issue:2

    Topics: Alopecia; Aminopterin; Antineoplastic Agents; Asparaginase; Azathioprine; Bleomycin; Busulfan; Chlor

1974
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with cytotoxic and antimetabolic drugs.
    Transactions of the St. John's Hospital Dermatological Society, 1970, Volume: 56, Issue:2

    Topics: Alopecia; Aminopterin; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine;

1970

Trials

2 trials available for azathioprine and Alopecia

ArticleYear
Treatment of membranous lupus nephritis with nephrotic syndrome by sequential immunosuppression.
    Lupus, 1999, Volume: 8, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Cohort Studies; Cyclophosphamide; Drug Ther

1999
Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with cytotoxic and antimetabolic drugs.
    Transactions of the St. John's Hospital Dermatological Society, 1970, Volume: 56, Issue:2

    Topics: Alopecia; Aminopterin; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Azathioprine;

1970

Other Studies

30 other studies available for azathioprine and Alopecia

ArticleYear
Azathioprine-induced alopecia: a rare adverse event, early marker of myelotoxicity.
    Revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas, 2022, Volume: 114, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Biomarkers; Colitis, Ulcerative; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Ag

2022
Alopecia Universalis Associated with Hyperthyroidism Treated with Azathioprine and Hydroxychloroquine: A Case Report.
    JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 2021, Sep-11, Volume: 59, Issue:241

    Topics: Alopecia; Alopecia Areata; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Hyperthyroidism

2021
Alopecia and colon ulcers following azathioprine use in a patient with myasthenia gravis: A case report.
    Medicine, 2022, Aug-19, Volume: 101, Issue:33

    Topics: Adolescent; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Colonic Diseases; Diarrhea; Female; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; P

2022
Rare Genotype of His/His in NUDT15 Codon 139 and Thiopurine-associated Adverse Events in a Case of Ulcerative Colitis.
    Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2020, Jul-01, Volume: 59, Issue:13

    Topics: Alopecia; Asian People; Azathioprine; Codon; Colitis, Ulcerative; Genetic Predisposition to Disease;

2020
Nausea and Diarrhea with Fingernail and Hair Changes.
    Gastroenterology, 2021, Volume: 161, Issue:1

    Topics: Alopecia; Azathioprine; Diarrhea; Drug Tapering; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Intestina

2021
Azathioprine-induced alopecia and leukopenia associated with NUDT15 polymorphisms.
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV, 2018, Volume: 32, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Leukopenia; Loss of Functio

2018
Adverse Effects of Azathioprine in a Child and Her Mother with Eczema.
    Indian journal of pediatrics, 2018, Volume: 85, Issue:10

    Topics: Adolescent; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Eczema; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Middle Aged; N

2018
NUDT15 codon 139 is the best pharmacogenetic marker for predicting thiopurine-induced severe adverse events in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter study.
    Journal of gastroenterology, 2018, Volume: 53, Issue:9

    Topics: Alopecia; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Azathioprine; Biomarkers, Pharmacological; Genetic Predisposition

2018
Severe thiopurine-induced leukocytopenia and hair loss in Japanese patients with defective NUDT15 variant: Retrospective case-control study.
    The Journal of dermatology, 2018, Volume: 45, Issue:10

    Topics: Alopecia; Asian People; Azathioprine; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents

2018
Azathioprine-induced Agranulocytosis and Severe Alopecia After Kidney Transplantation Associated With a NUDT15 Polymorphism: A Case Report.
    Transplantation proceedings, 2018, Volume: 50, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Agranulocytosis; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Female; Graft Rejection; Homozygote; Humans; Immunos

2018
Association of thiopurine methyltransferase status with azathioprine side effects in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
    Clinical rheumatology, 2014, Volume: 33, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Alleles; Alopecia; Asian People; Azathioprine; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Cohort

2014
An unusual side effect of azathioprine.
    Clinical and experimental dermatology, 2015, Volume: 40, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Middle Aged

2015
NUDT15 R139C causes thiopurine-induced early severe hair loss and leukopenia in Japanese patients with IBD.
    The pharmacogenomics journal, 2016, Volume: 16, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Asian People; Azathioprine; Chi-Square Distribution; Coli

2016
NUDT15 variant is the most common variant associated with thiopurine-induced early leukopenia and alopecia in Korean pediatric patients with Crohn's disease.
    European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology, 2016, Volume: 28, Issue:4

    Topics: Age Factors; Alopecia; Asian People; Azathioprine; Crohn Disease; Female; Gastrointestinal Agents; G

2016
Treatment of recalcitrant adult alopecia areata universalis with oral azathioprine.
    Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2016, Volume: 74, Issue:5

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Cohort Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru

2016
Mycophenolate mofetil as an alternative treatment for autoimmune hepatitis.
    Clinical and molecular hepatology, 2016, Volume: 22, Issue:2

    Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Alopecia; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Azathiopri

2016
Adverse reactions to azathioprine cannot be predicted by thiopurine S-methyltransferase genotype in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
    Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 2009, Volume: 24, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Aminosalicylic Acids; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Asian People; Azathioprine; Chemica

2009
CIDP cured by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
    European journal of neurology, 2007, Volume: 14, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Anemia, Aplastic; Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Female; Graft vs Host Disease; He

2007
Polymyositis, alopecia universalis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis in a patient with Crohn's disease.
    Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 1996, Volume: 23, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antigens, CD; Azathioprine; Cholangiopancreatography, End

1996
Two cases of tacrolimus-induced alopecia following kidney transplantation.
    Transplantation proceedings, 1999, Volume: 31, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Cyclosporine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunosuppre

1999
[Puerperal systemic lupus erythematosus. Personal studies].
    Minerva medica, 1979, Oct-06, Volume: 70, Issue:43

    Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Alopecia; Anuria; Azathioprine; Female; Fever; Glomerulonephritis; H

1979
A case of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease respondong to treatment with azathioprine.
    Thorax, 1977, Volume: 32, Issue:2

    Topics: Alopecia; Arthritis; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Veins; Raynaud Disease; Sk

1977
[Side effects in immunosuppressive therapy].
    Acta medica Austriaca, 1975, Volume: 2, Issue:4

    Topics: Alopecia; Amenorrhea; Anemia; Azathioprine; Bacterial Infections; Chlorambucil; Female; Humans; Immu

1975
Alopecia totalis in a patient with Crohn's disease and its treatment with azathioprine.
    Postgraduate medical journal, 1989, Volume: 65, Issue:761

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Crohn Disease; Humans; Male

1989
[Chronic discoid lupus erythematosus; who is afraid of the red wolf?].
    Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 1985, Apr-27, Volume: 129, Issue:17

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Antimalarials; Azathioprine; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Glossitis; Humans; Lupus Er

1985
Long-term assessment of cyclophosphamide therapy for nephrosis in children.
    Lancet (London, England), 1974, Oct-26, Volume: 2, Issue:7887

    Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Cystitis

1974
Cutaneous complications in immunosuppressed renal homograft recipients.
    JAMA, 1974, Jul-22, Volume: 229, Issue:4

    Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Alopecia; Azathioprine; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous

1974
Treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus including nephritis with chlorambucil.
    British medical journal, 1973, Apr-28, Volume: 2, Issue:5860

    Topics: Adult; Alopecia; Amenorrhea; Azathioprine; Biopsy; Bone Marrow; Chlorambucil; Cyclophosphamide; Cyst

1973
Wasting syndrome in thymectomized immature baboons (papio species) after infection with adenovirus type 12.
    Nature, 1967, Feb-11, Volume: 213, Issue:5076

    Topics: Adenoviridae; Alopecia; Animals; Antibody Formation; Azathioprine; Body Weight; Cobalt Isotopes; Com

1967
Results of immunodepressive treatment in the nephrotic syndrome.
    Helvetica paediatrica acta, 1970, Volume: 25, Issue:1

    Topics: Alopecia; Azathioprine; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Immunosuppressi

1970