azathioprine has been researched along with Acute Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis in 27 studies
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive and steroid-sparing purine analogue, used in the treatment of several autoimmune diseases." | 6.44 | Azathioprine in multiple sclerosis. ( Benedetti, MD; Invernizzi, P; Monaco, S; Poli, S, 2008) |
| "Mitoxantrone was approved by the French health authority (AFSAPPS) in October 2003 to treat patients with aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS)." | 2.73 | Mitoxantrone as induction treatment in aggressive relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: treatment response factors in a 5 year follow-up observational study of 100 consecutive patients. ( Chaperon, J; Coustans, M; Edan, G; Le Page, E; Leray, E; Morrissey, SP; Taurin, G, 2008) |
| "Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent that reduces relapse rates in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but its efficacy in suppressing new brain lesions has never been evaluated." | 2.71 | Efficacy of azathioprine on multiple sclerosis new brain lesions evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging. ( Amaducci, L; Barilaro, A; Konze, A; Massacesi, L; Parigi, A; Pellicanò, G; Repice, AM; Siracusa, G; Taiuti, R, 2005) |
| "Azathioprine (AZA) is a purine analogue which has been used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) for over 30 years." | 2.46 | [Oral cladribine for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: another purine analogue or a genuine therapeutic innovation?]. ( Schmidt, S, 2010) |
| "Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive and steroid-sparing purine analogue, used in the treatment of several autoimmune diseases." | 2.44 | Azathioprine in multiple sclerosis. ( Benedetti, MD; Invernizzi, P; Monaco, S; Poli, S, 2008) |
| " Most clinics use intravenous steroids for treating relapses, although with different dosing regimens." | 1.30 | Current status of multiple sclerosis therapy in Germany: a national survey. ( Berenbeck, C; Buhmann, C; Emskotter, T; Hadji-Abdolrahim, B; Hauer, S; Heesen, C, 1999) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 1 (3.70) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 18 (66.67) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 8 (29.63) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Zivadinov, R | 5 |
| Bergsland, N | 5 |
| Dolezal, O | 5 |
| Hussein, S | 4 |
| Seidl, Z | 5 |
| Dwyer, MG | 5 |
| Vaneckova, M | 5 |
| Krasensky, J | 3 |
| Potts, JA | 1 |
| Kalincik, T | 1 |
| Havrdová, E | 5 |
| Horáková, D | 5 |
| Massacesi, L | 3 |
| Tramacere, I | 1 |
| Amoroso, S | 1 |
| Battaglia, MA | 1 |
| Benedetti, MD | 2 |
| Filippini, G | 1 |
| La Mantia, L | 3 |
| Repice, A | 1 |
| Solari, A | 1 |
| Tedeschi, G | 1 |
| Milanese, C | 3 |
| Messori, A | 1 |
| Fadda, V | 1 |
| Maratea, D | 1 |
| Trippoli, S | 1 |
| Invernizzi, P | 1 |
| Poli, S | 1 |
| Monaco, S | 1 |
| Hartung, HP | 2 |
| Cox, JL | 4 |
| Rimes, B | 1 |
| Novakova, I | 1 |
| Ticha, V | 1 |
| Dusek, L | 1 |
| Houzvickova, E | 2 |
| Svobodnik, A | 1 |
| Aldinucci, A | 1 |
| Biagioli, T | 1 |
| Manuelli, C | 1 |
| Repice, AM | 2 |
| Ballerini, C | 1 |
| Schmidt, S | 1 |
| Bojar, M | 1 |
| Zajac, M | 1 |
| Meluzínová, E | 1 |
| Libertinová, J | 1 |
| Lišková, P | 1 |
| Mat'oška, V | 1 |
| Nyč, O | 1 |
| Mináriková, M | 1 |
| Kýr, M | 1 |
| Lelková, P | 1 |
| Pospíšilová, L | 1 |
| Chan, KH | 1 |
| Tsang, KL | 1 |
| Ho, PW | 1 |
| Tse, CT | 1 |
| Kwan, JS | 1 |
| Ho, JW | 1 |
| Chu, AC | 1 |
| Chang, RS | 1 |
| Ho, SL | 1 |
| Markovic-Plese, S | 1 |
| Bielekova, B | 1 |
| Kadom, N | 1 |
| Leist, TP | 1 |
| Martin, R | 1 |
| Frank, JA | 1 |
| McFarland, HF | 1 |
| Kieseier, BC | 1 |
| Lus, G | 1 |
| Romano, F | 1 |
| Scuotto, A | 1 |
| Accardo, C | 1 |
| Cotrufo, R | 1 |
| Lacour, A | 1 |
| De Seze, J | 1 |
| Revenco, E | 1 |
| Lebrun, C | 1 |
| Masmoudi, K | 1 |
| Vidry, E | 1 |
| Rumbach, L | 1 |
| Chatel, M | 1 |
| Verier, A | 1 |
| Vermersch, P | 1 |
| Haase, CG | 1 |
| Faustmann, PM | 1 |
| Parigi, A | 1 |
| Barilaro, A | 1 |
| Pellicanò, G | 1 |
| Konze, A | 1 |
| Siracusa, G | 1 |
| Taiuti, R | 1 |
| Amaducci, L | 1 |
| D'Amico, D | 1 |
| Rigamonti, A | 1 |
| Mascoli, N | 1 |
| Bussone, G | 1 |
| Mezei, Z | 1 |
| Bereczki, D | 1 |
| Csiba, L | 1 |
| Csépány, T | 1 |
| Cookfair, D | 1 |
| Le Page, E | 1 |
| Leray, E | 1 |
| Taurin, G | 1 |
| Coustans, M | 1 |
| Chaperon, J | 1 |
| Morrissey, SP | 1 |
| Edan, G | 1 |
| Etemadifar, M | 1 |
| Janghorbani, M | 1 |
| Shaygannejad, V | 1 |
| Heesen, C | 1 |
| Hauer, S | 1 |
| Hadji-Abdolrahim, B | 1 |
| Berenbeck, C | 1 |
| Buhmann, C | 1 |
| Emskotter, T | 1 |
| Salmaggi, A | 1 |
| Caputo, D | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessment of Lesion Activity Analysis in the Avonex- Steroid Azathioprine (ASA) Study[NCT01628315] | 159 participants (Actual) | Observational | 2009-03-31 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
5 reviews available for azathioprine and Acute Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Indirect meta-analytical comparison of azathioprine and of beta interferon effectiveness in all forms of multiple sclerosis pooled together.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-beta; Male; Middle Aged; M | 2014 |
Azathioprine in multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azathioprine; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; | 2008 |
[Oral cladribine for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: another purine analogue or a genuine therapeutic innovation?].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; Animals; Azathioprine; Cladribine; Cl | 2010 |
Current disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Analgesics; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azath | 2003 |
[Escalating immunomodulatory therapy of multiple sclerosis. 1st supplement: December 2000].
Topics: Acute Disease; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Austria; Azathioprine; Diagnosis, Differential; Dose-Response | 2001 |
11 trials available for azathioprine and Acute Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Evolution of cortical and thalamus atrophy and disability progression in early relapsing-remitting MS during 5 years.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Atrophy; Azathioprine; Cerebral Cortex; Disability Evaluation; Diseas | 2013 |
Azathioprine versus beta interferons for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a multicentre randomized non-inferiority trial.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Immunosuppressive Agent | 2014 |
Gray matter atrophy and disability progression in patients with early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a 5-year longitudinal study.
Topics: Adult; Atrophy; Azathioprine; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Disease Progression; Drug Therapy, Combina | 2009 |
Randomized study of interferon beta-1a, low-dose azathioprine, and low-dose corticosteroids in multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Atrophy; Azathioprine; Brain; Disability Evaluation; | 2009 |
Longitudinal MRI study: the effects of azathioprine in MS patients refractory to interferon beta-1b.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Interferon beta-1b; Inte | 2003 |
Azathioprine and interferon beta(1a) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients: increasing efficacy of combined treatment.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Azathioprine; Brain; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immun | 2004 |
Efficacy of azathioprine on multiple sclerosis new brain lesions evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Brain; Cross-Over Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Encephalitis; Fema | 2005 |
Interferon treatment may trigger primary headaches in multiple sclerosis patients.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Aged; Azathioprine; Female; Glatiramer Acetate; Headache; Humans; Imm | 2006 |
Evolution of different MRI measures in patients with active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis over 2 and 5 years: a case-control study.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adolescent; Adult; Atrophy; Azathioprine; Brain; Cerebral Ventricles; Diseas | 2008 |
Mitoxantrone as induction treatment in aggressive relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: treatment response factors in a 5 year follow-up observational study of 100 consecutive patients.
Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Azathioprine; Brain; Demography; Disability Evaluati | 2008 |
Comparison of interferon beta products and azathioprine in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Disability Evaluation; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; | 2007 |
11 other studies available for azathioprine and Acute Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
New cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after treatment with natalizumab.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Inte | 2009 |
Modulating dendritic cells (DC) from immunogenic to tolerogenic responses: a novel mechanism of AZA/6-MP.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Dendritic Cells; Female; Humans; Immune | 2010 |
Treatment with azathioprine and cyclic methylprednisolone has little or no effect on bioactivity in anti-interferon beta antibody-positive patients with multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Antibodies, Neutralizing; Azathioprine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Interferon-beta; Methylpre | 2010 |
Apolipoprotein E ε4-positive multiple sclerosis patients develop more gray-matter and whole-brain atrophy: a 15-year disease history model based on a 4-year longitudinal study.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Apolipoprotein E4; Atrophy; Azathioprine; B | 2010 |
Clinical outcome of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis among Hong Kong Chinese.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age of Onset; Asian People; Azathioprine; Brain; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies | 2011 |
Acute aphasia in multiple sclerosis: A multicenter study of 22 patients.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Aphasia; Azathioprine; Brain; Cohort Studies; Comorb | 2004 |
Benign multiple sclerosis is characterized by a stable neuroimmunologic network.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Azathioprine; Disability Evaluation; Disease Progression; Female; Fo | 2004 |
Natalizumab (Tysabri) returns.
Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Azathioprine; Clinical Trials as Topic; C | 2006 |
[Long-term application of the multiple sclerosis functional composite test in Debrecen, Hungary].
Topics: Adult; Arm; Azathioprine; Cognition; Disability Evaluation; Female; Glatiramer Acetate; Hand Strengt | 2006 |
Current status of multiple sclerosis therapy in Germany: a national survey.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Azathioprine; Data Collection; Germany; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Im | 1999 |
Azathioprine and interferon beta-1b treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Female; Humans; Interferon beta-1a; Interferon beta-1b; Interferon-beta; Male; | 2001 |