Page last updated: 2024-10-23

azathioprine and Abnormalities, Congenital

azathioprine has been researched along with Abnormalities, Congenital in 11 studies

Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"There are only few studies with conflicting results on pregnancy outcome after paternal exposure to azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine."7.78Pregnancy outcome after paternal exposure to azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine. ( Allignol, A; Borisch, C; Hoeltzenbein, M; Meister, R; Schaefer, C; Weber-Schoendorfer, C, 2012)
"Azathioprine (AZA) is used during pregnancy by women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), other autoimmune disorders, malignancy, and organ transplantation."7.75Early pregnancy azathioprine use and pregnancy outcomes. ( Cleary, BJ; Källén, B, 2009)
"There are only few studies with conflicting results on pregnancy outcome after paternal exposure to azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine."3.78Pregnancy outcome after paternal exposure to azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine. ( Allignol, A; Borisch, C; Hoeltzenbein, M; Meister, R; Schaefer, C; Weber-Schoendorfer, C, 2012)
" Before conception and in early pregnancy, azathioprine and prednisone were administered in 48."3.75Follow-up of pregnant women with autoimmune hepatitis: the disease behavior along with maternal and fetal outcomes. ( Abrantes-Lemos, CP; Cançado, EL; Carrilho, FJ; Terrabuio, DR, 2009)
"Azathioprine (AZA) is used during pregnancy by women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), other autoimmune disorders, malignancy, and organ transplantation."3.75Early pregnancy azathioprine use and pregnancy outcomes. ( Cleary, BJ; Källén, B, 2009)
"Our primary aim was to assess infection rate and our secondary aims were to assess adverse reactions to vaccinations, growth, autoimmune diseases and malignancies."1.62Health outcomes of 1000 children born to mothers with inflammatory bowel disease in their first 5 years of life. ( Beukers, R; Bodelier, A; de Boer, N; de Lima, A; Depla, ACTM; Dijkstra, G; Erler, N; Escher, JC; Gilissen, L; Hoentjen, F; Jansen, JM; Kanis, SL; Kuyvenhoven, J; Mahmmod, N; Mallant-Hent, RC; Modderman, S; Noruzi, A; Oldenburg, B; Oostenbrug, LE; Pierik, M; Romberg-Camps, M; Ter Borg, PCJ; Thijs, W; van der Meulen-de Jong, AE; van der Woude, CJ; van Dijk, ARM; West, R, 2021)
"The outcomes were congenital abnormalities (CAs), preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA)."1.46Reassuring results on birth outcomes in children fathered by men treated with azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine within 3 months before conception: a nationwide cohort study. ( Friedman, S; Larsen, MD; Magnussen, B; Nørgård, BM, 2017)

Research

Studies (11)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19902 (18.18)18.7374
1990's1 (9.09)18.2507
2000's2 (18.18)29.6817
2010's5 (45.45)24.3611
2020's1 (9.09)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Ban, L1
Tata, LJ1
Fiaschi, L1
Card, T1
Brännström, M1
Johannesson, L1
Bokström, H1
Kvarnström, N1
Mölne, J1
Dahm-Kähler, P1
Enskog, A1
Milenkovic, M1
Ekberg, J1
Diaz-Garcia, C1
Gäbel, M1
Hanafy, A1
Hagberg, H1
Olausson, M1
Nilsson, L1
Nørgård, BM1
Magnussen, B1
Larsen, MD1
Friedman, S1
Terrabuio, DR1
Abrantes-Lemos, CP1
Carrilho, FJ1
Cançado, EL1
Cleary, BJ1
Källén, B1
Akbari, M1
Shah, S1
Velayos, FS1
Mahadevan, U1
Cheifetz, AS1
Hoeltzenbein, M1
Weber-Schoendorfer, C1
Borisch, C1
Allignol, A1
Meister, R1
Schaefer, C1
Martínez-Rueda, JO1
Arce-Salinas, CA1
Kraus, A1
Alcocer-Varela, J1
Alarcón-Segovia, D1
Tuchmann-Duplessis, H1
Eiseman, B1
Kanis, SL1
Modderman, S1
Escher, JC1
Erler, N1
Beukers, R1
de Boer, N1
Bodelier, A1
Depla, ACTM1
Dijkstra, G1
van Dijk, ARM1
Gilissen, L1
Hoentjen, F1
Jansen, JM1
Kuyvenhoven, J1
Mahmmod, N1
Mallant-Hent, RC1
van der Meulen-de Jong, AE1
Noruzi, A1
Oldenburg, B1
Oostenbrug, LE1
Ter Borg, PCJ1
Pierik, M1
Romberg-Camps, M1
Thijs, W1
West, R1
de Lima, A1
van der Woude, CJ1

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
First Clinical Live-Donor Uterus Transplantation Trial In Egypt[NCT03284073]11 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2021-09-01Not yet recruiting
Feasibility Study of Uterine Transplantation From Living Donors in Terms of Efficacy and Safety in Patients With Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome (MRKH)[NCT03689842]20 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-12-14Recruiting
Prospective Case Series of Human Uterus Transplantation From Live Donor[NCT01844362]9 participants (Actual)Interventional2012-09-30Completed
Uterine Transplantation and Pregnancy Induction in Women Affected by Absolute Uterine Factor Infertility[NCT02656550]20 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2015-11-11Active, not recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

1 review available for azathioprine and Abnormalities, Congenital

ArticleYear
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of thiopurines on birth outcomes from female and male patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
    Inflammatory bowel diseases, 2013, Volume: 19, Issue:1

    Topics: Azathioprine; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Infant, Low Birth

2013

Other Studies

10 other studies available for azathioprine and Abnormalities, Congenital

ArticleYear
Limited risks of major congenital anomalies in children of mothers with IBD and effects of medications.
    Gastroenterology, 2014, Volume: 146, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aminosalicylic Acids; Azathioprine; Congenital Abnormali

2014
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Livebirth after uterus transplantation.
    Lancet (London, England), 2015, Feb-14, Volume: 385, Issue:9968

    Topics: 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Apgar Score; Azathioprine; Cesa

2015
Reassuring results on birth outcomes in children fathered by men treated with azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine within 3 months before conception: a nationwide cohort study.
    Gut, 2017, Volume: 66, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Congenital Abnormalities; Denmark; Female

2017
Follow-up of pregnant women with autoimmune hepatitis: the disease behavior along with maternal and fetal outcomes.
    Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 2009, Volume: 43, Issue:4

    Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Azathioprine; Congenital Abnormalities; Female; Hepatitis,

2009
Early pregnancy azathioprine use and pregnancy outcomes.
    Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology, 2009, Volume: 85, Issue:7

    Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Azathioprine; Congenital Abnormalities

2009
Pregnancy outcome after paternal exposure to azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine.
    Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.), 2012, Volume: 34, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Azathioprine; Congenital Abnormalities; Fathers; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Ma

2012
Factors associated with fetal losses in severe systemic lupus erythematosus.
    Lupus, 1996, Volume: 5, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Azathioprine; Case-Control Studies; Chloroquine; Cohort Studies; Congen

1996
[The teratogenic risk].
    Archives d'anatomie, d'histologie et d'embryologie normales et experimentales, 1968, Volume: 51, Issue:5

    Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Azathioprine; Busulfan; Carbutamide; Congenital Abnormalities;

1968
Liver transplantation.
    Studium generale; Zeitschrift fur die Einheit der Wissenschaften im Zusammenhang ihrer Begriffsbildungen und Forschungsmethoden, 1970, Volume: 23, Issue:4

    Topics: Antilymphocyte Serum; Atrophy; Azathioprine; Biliary Tract; Congenital Abnormalities; Histocompatibi

1970
Health outcomes of 1000 children born to mothers with inflammatory bowel disease in their first 5 years of life.
    Gut, 2021, Volume: 70, Issue:7

    Topics: Adalimumab; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Autoimmune Diseases; Cesarean Section; Child Development;

2021