aspirin and Embolism studies

Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5)
acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.
acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.

Embolism: Blocking of a blood vessel by an embolus which can be a blood clot or other undissolved material in the blood stream.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with bioprosthetic mitral valves and atrial fibrillation or flutter remain uncertain."	9.41	A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with bioprosthetic mitral valve and atrial fibrillation or flutter: Rationale and design of the RIVER trial. ( Almeida, AP; Ardito, RV; Atik, FA; Barreto, DO; Berwanger, O; Campos, VB; Cavalcante, MA; Cavalcanti, AB; D'Oliveira Vieira, R; Damiani, L; de Barros E Silva, PGM; de Lima, CEB; de Souza Neto, JD; Dos Santos, JRY; Farias, FR; Ferreira, JFM; Figueira, FAMS; Fonseca, FH; Guimarães, HP; Hoffmann-Filho, CR; Junior, RA; Kalil, PSA; Kojima, F; Lamprea, D; Laranjeira, L; Leiria, TLL; Liporace, IL; Lopes, RD; Magalhães, CC; Maldonado, JGA; Mesas, CE; Moisés, VA; Nakagawa, RH; Paiva, MSMO; Paixão, M; Patriota, R; Pavanello, R; Pinto, IM; Precoma, DB; Sampaio, BS; Sampaio, RO; Saraiva, JFK; Silveira, FS; Tarasoutchi, F; Zilli, AC, 2021)
" In the AVERROES trial, we performed serial brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in a subgroup to explore the effect of apixaban, compared with aspirin, on clinical and covert brain infarction and on microbleeds in patients with atrial fibrillation."	9.22	Effect of apixaban on brain infarction and microbleeds: AVERROES-MRI assessment study. ( Avezum, A; Connolly, S; Dias, R; Diener, HC; Eikelboom, JW; Flaker, G; Gladstone, DJ; Hart, RG; Lewis, G; O'Donnell, MJ; Sharma, M; Smith, EE; Yusuf, S; Zhu, J, 2016)
"We analysed the rates of stroke and systemic embolism in 6563 aspirin-treated patients with AF from the ACTIVE-A/AVERROES databases."	9.20	Risk of ischaemic stroke according to pattern of atrial fibrillation: analysis of 6563 aspirin-treated patients in ACTIVE-A and AVERROES. ( Alings, M; Avezum, A; Connolly, SJ; Díaz, R; Eikelboom, JW; Hart, RG; Healey, JS; Hohnloser, SH; Lauw, MN; Lewis, BS; Shestakovska, O; Vanassche, T; Wang, J, 2015)
"The goal of this study was to analyze the impact of dabigatran plasma concentrations, patient demographics, and aspirin (ASA) use on frequencies of ischemic strokes/systemic emboli and major bleeds in atrial fibrillation patients."	9.19	The effect of dabigatran plasma concentrations and patient characteristics on the frequency of ischemic stroke and major bleeding in atrial fibrillation patients: the RE-LY Trial (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy). ( Connolly, SJ; Eikelboom, JW; Ezekowitz, MD; Haertter, S; Lehr, T; Nehmiz, G; Reilly, PA; Wallentin, L; Wang, S; Yusuf, S, 2014)
"Apixaban had similar beneficial effects on stroke or systemic embolism and major bleeding compared with warfarin, irrespective of concomitant aspirin use."	9.19	Apixaban vs. warfarin with concomitant aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the ARISTOTLE trial. ( Alexander, JH; Alings, M; Atar, D; Aylward, P; Goto, S; Granger, CB; Hanna, M; Huber, K; Husted, S; Lewis, BS; Lopes, RD; McMurray, JJ; Pais, P; Pouleur, H; Steg, PG; Thomas, L; Verheugt, FW; Wallentin, L; Wojdyla, DM, 2014)
"This prospective randomized controlled, open-labeled trial, with blinded end point evaluation (PROBE design) tested superiority of aspirin 75 to 150 mg/d plus clopidogrel 75 mg/d (A+C) over warfarin therapy (international normalized ratio 2-3) in patients with ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or peripheral embolism with plaque in the thoracic aorta>4 mm and no other identified embolic source."	9.19	Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus warfarin in patients with stroke and aortic arch plaques. ( Amarenco, P; Cohen, AA; Davis, S; Donnan, GA; Heiss, WD; Jones, EF; Kaste, M; Laouénan, C; Macleod, M; Young, D, 2014)
"Apixaban is superior to aspirin for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation."	9.16	Stroke risk and efficacy of apixaban in atrial fibrillation patients with moderate chronic kidney disease. ( Connolly, SJ; De Caterina, R; Eikelboom, JW; Gao, P; Hart, RG; Husted, S; O'Donnell, M; Paolasso, E; Yusuf, S, 2012)
"In a double-blind study, we randomly assigned 5599 patients with atrial fibrillation who were at increased risk for stroke and for whom vitamin K antagonist therapy was unsuitable to receive apixaban (at a dose of 5 mg twice daily) or aspirin (81 to 324 mg per day), to determine whether apixaban was superior."	9.15	Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. ( Afzal, R; Avezum, A; Budaj, A; Commerford, P; Connolly, SJ; Dans, AL; Diaz, R; Diener, HC; Eikelboom, J; Flaker, G; Golitsyn, S; Gonzalez-Hermosillo, A; Hart, R; Hohnloser, SH; Jansky, P; Joyner, C; Kim, JH; Lanas-Zanetti, F; Lawrence, J; Lewis, BS; Lewis, G; Lip, GY; Munawar, M; O'Donnell, M; Pais, P; Parkhomenko, A; Sim, KH; Talajic, M; Tan, RS; Van Mieghem, W; Yusuf, S; Zhu, J, 2011)
"In the current era of early revascularization and routine use of dual antiplatelet therapy, the incremental benefit of warfarin to reduce the incidence of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) in patients with impaired left ventricular ejection fraction post anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (aSTEMI), remains uncertain."	9.14	Warfarin after anterior myocardial infarction in current era of dual antiplatelet therapy: a randomized feasibility trial. ( Ahmad, M; Eikelboom, JW; Natarajan, MK; Salehian, O; Schwalm, JD, 2010)
"Vitamin K antagonists reduce the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation but are considered unsuitable in many patients, who usually receive aspirin instead."	9.14	Effect of clopidogrel added to aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation. ( Chrolavicius, S; Connolly, SJ; Hart, RG; Hohnloser, SH; Pfeffer, M; Pogue, J; Yusuf, S, 2009)
"Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) is a randomized, double-blind study in subjects with recently symptomatic > or =50% carotid stenosis."	9.11	Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin in symptomatic carotid stenosis evaluated using doppler embolic signal detection: the Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) trial. ( Droste, DW; Kaps, M; Larrue, V; Lees, KR; Markus, HS; Ringelstein, EB; Siebler, M, 2005)
"Despite its lack of efficacy, aspirin is commonly used for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation."	8.91	Aspirin Compared to Low Intensity Anticoagulation in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Gándara, E; Gonzalez, JP; Vazquez, FJ, 2015)
"Warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is well documented."	8.84	Warfarin for the prevention of systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. ( Andersen, LV; Deichgraeber, P; Frost, L; Lindholt, JS; Mortensen, LS; Vestergaard, P, 2008)
"In this observational analysis of patients with atrial fibrillation and flutter, the concomitant use of direct oral anticoagulants and aspirin was associated with an increased risk of both major adverse cardiac and bleeding events when compared to the use of direct oral anticoagulants alone."	7.96	Concomitant use of direct oral anticoagulants and aspirin versus direct oral anticoagulants alone in atrial fibrillation and flutter: a retrospective cohort. ( George, J; Hafeez, A; Halalau, A; Keeney, S; Matka, M; Said, A, 2020)
"Aspirin use at baseline was associated with an increased risk for bleeding and all-cause death in ROCKET AF, a risk most pronounced in patients without known CAD."	7.83	Use of concomitant aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation: Findings from the ROCKET AF trial. ( Becker, RC; Berkowitz, SD; Breithardt, G; Fox, KA; Hacke, W; Halperin, JL; Hankey, GJ; Hellkamp, A; Lokhnygina, Y; Mahaffey, KW; Nessel, CC; Patel, MR; Piccini, JP; Shah, R; Singer, DE, 2016)
"The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between aspirin resistance, ischaemic stroke subtype, stroke severity, and inflammatory cytokines."	7.74	Aspirin resistance is more common in lacunar strokes than embolic strokes and is related to stroke severity. ( Byrne, CD; Englyst, NA; Horsfield, G; Kwan, J, 2008)
"Aspirin is used in combination with anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but evidence of additional efficacy is not available."	7.73	Risks and benefits of combining aspirin with anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation: an exploratory analysis of stroke prevention using an oral thrombin inhibitor in atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF) trials. ( Chaparro, S; Connolly, SJ; Flaker, GC; Goldman, S; Gruber, M; Halinen, MO; Halperin, JL; Horrow, J; Vahanian, A, 2006)
"Seven randomized studies during the past 5 years have evaluated or are evaluating the efficacy of warfarin or aspirin or both in decreasing the risk of embolic events in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation."	6.16	How should results from completed studies influence ongoing clinical trials? The CAFA Study experience. ( Cairns, J; Connolly, SJ; Gent, M; Joyner, C; Laupacis, A; Roberts, RS, 1991)
"The efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with bioprosthetic mitral valves and atrial fibrillation or flutter remain uncertain."	5.41	A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in patients with bioprosthetic mitral valve and atrial fibrillation or flutter: Rationale and design of the RIVER trial. ( Almeida, AP; Ardito, RV; Atik, FA; Barreto, DO; Berwanger, O; Campos, VB; Cavalcante, MA; Cavalcanti, AB; D'Oliveira Vieira, R; Damiani, L; de Barros E Silva, PGM; de Lima, CEB; de Souza Neto, JD; Dos Santos, JRY; Farias, FR; Ferreira, JFM; Figueira, FAMS; Fonseca, FH; Guimarães, HP; Hoffmann-Filho, CR; Junior, RA; Kalil, PSA; Kojima, F; Lamprea, D; Laranjeira, L; Leiria, TLL; Liporace, IL; Lopes, RD; Magalhães, CC; Maldonado, JGA; Mesas, CE; Moisés, VA; Nakagawa, RH; Paiva, MSMO; Paixão, M; Patriota, R; Pavanello, R; Pinto, IM; Precoma, DB; Sampaio, BS; Sampaio, RO; Saraiva, JFK; Silveira, FS; Tarasoutchi, F; Zilli, AC, 2021)
"When myocardial infarction is due to coronary embolism from endocarditic valves standard thrombolysis regimes should be avoided."	5.29	Acute coronary embolism complicating aortic valve endocarditis treated with streptokinase and aspirin. A case report. ( Connolly, DL; Crowley, JJ; Dardas, PS; Kenny, A; Petch, MC, 1994)
" In the AVERROES trial, we performed serial brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in a subgroup to explore the effect of apixaban, compared with aspirin, on clinical and covert brain infarction and on microbleeds in patients with atrial fibrillation."	5.22	Effect of apixaban on brain infarction and microbleeds: AVERROES-MRI assessment study. ( Avezum, A; Connolly, S; Dias, R; Diener, HC; Eikelboom, JW; Flaker, G; Gladstone, DJ; Hart, RG; Lewis, G; O'Donnell, MJ; Sharma, M; Smith, EE; Yusuf, S; Zhu, J, 2016)
"We analysed the rates of stroke and systemic embolism in 6563 aspirin-treated patients with AF from the ACTIVE-A/AVERROES databases."	5.20	Risk of ischaemic stroke according to pattern of atrial fibrillation: analysis of 6563 aspirin-treated patients in ACTIVE-A and AVERROES. ( Alings, M; Avezum, A; Connolly, SJ; Díaz, R; Eikelboom, JW; Hart, RG; Healey, JS; Hohnloser, SH; Lauw, MN; Lewis, BS; Shestakovska, O; Vanassche, T; Wang, J, 2015)
"This prospective randomized controlled, open-labeled trial, with blinded end point evaluation (PROBE design) tested superiority of aspirin 75 to 150 mg/d plus clopidogrel 75 mg/d (A+C) over warfarin therapy (international normalized ratio 2-3) in patients with ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or peripheral embolism with plaque in the thoracic aorta>4 mm and no other identified embolic source."	5.19	Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus warfarin in patients with stroke and aortic arch plaques. ( Amarenco, P; Cohen, AA; Davis, S; Donnan, GA; Heiss, WD; Jones, EF; Kaste, M; Laouénan, C; Macleod, M; Young, D, 2014)
"Apixaban had similar beneficial effects on stroke or systemic embolism and major bleeding compared with warfarin, irrespective of concomitant aspirin use."	5.19	Apixaban vs. warfarin with concomitant aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the ARISTOTLE trial. ( Alexander, JH; Alings, M; Atar, D; Aylward, P; Goto, S; Granger, CB; Hanna, M; Huber, K; Husted, S; Lewis, BS; Lopes, RD; McMurray, JJ; Pais, P; Pouleur, H; Steg, PG; Thomas, L; Verheugt, FW; Wallentin, L; Wojdyla, DM, 2014)
"The goal of this study was to analyze the impact of dabigatran plasma concentrations, patient demographics, and aspirin (ASA) use on frequencies of ischemic strokes/systemic emboli and major bleeds in atrial fibrillation patients."	5.19	The effect of dabigatran plasma concentrations and patient characteristics on the frequency of ischemic stroke and major bleeding in atrial fibrillation patients: the RE-LY Trial (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy). ( Connolly, SJ; Eikelboom, JW; Ezekowitz, MD; Haertter, S; Lehr, T; Nehmiz, G; Reilly, PA; Wallentin, L; Wang, S; Yusuf, S, 2014)
"The multicenter PROTECT AF study (Watchman Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation) was conducted to determine whether percutaneous left atrial appendage closure with a filter device (Watchman) was noninferior to warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation."	5.17	Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure for stroke prophylaxis in patients with atrial fibrillation: 2.3-Year Follow-up of the PROTECT AF (Watchman Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic Protection in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation) Trial. ( Buchbinder, M; Doshi, SK; Halperin, JL; Holmes, D; Huber, K; Neuzil, P; Reddy, VY; Sievert, H, 2013)
"Apixaban is superior to aspirin for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation."	5.16	Stroke risk and efficacy of apixaban in atrial fibrillation patients with moderate chronic kidney disease. ( Connolly, SJ; De Caterina, R; Eikelboom, JW; Gao, P; Hart, RG; Husted, S; O'Donnell, M; Paolasso, E; Yusuf, S, 2012)
"In a double-blind study, we randomly assigned 5599 patients with atrial fibrillation who were at increased risk for stroke and for whom vitamin K antagonist therapy was unsuitable to receive apixaban (at a dose of 5 mg twice daily) or aspirin (81 to 324 mg per day), to determine whether apixaban was superior."	5.15	Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. ( Afzal, R; Avezum, A; Budaj, A; Commerford, P; Connolly, SJ; Dans, AL; Diaz, R; Diener, HC; Eikelboom, J; Flaker, G; Golitsyn, S; Gonzalez-Hermosillo, A; Hart, R; Hohnloser, SH; Jansky, P; Joyner, C; Kim, JH; Lanas-Zanetti, F; Lawrence, J; Lewis, BS; Lewis, G; Lip, GY; Munawar, M; O'Donnell, M; Pais, P; Parkhomenko, A; Sim, KH; Talajic, M; Tan, RS; Van Mieghem, W; Yusuf, S; Zhu, J, 2011)
"Vitamin K antagonists reduce the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation but are considered unsuitable in many patients, who usually receive aspirin instead."	5.14	Effect of clopidogrel added to aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation. ( Chrolavicius, S; Connolly, SJ; Hart, RG; Hohnloser, SH; Pfeffer, M; Pogue, J; Yusuf, S, 2009)
"We evaluated the location, type (lacunar vs nonlacunar), cause, and severity of stroke in patients who had an ischemic stroke endpoint in the Warfarin Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease (WASID) trial."	5.14	Causes and severity of ischemic stroke in patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. ( Chimowitz, MI; Famakin, BM; George, MG; Lynn, MJ; Stern, BJ, 2009)
"In the current era of early revascularization and routine use of dual antiplatelet therapy, the incremental benefit of warfarin to reduce the incidence of left ventricular thrombus (LVT) in patients with impaired left ventricular ejection fraction post anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (aSTEMI), remains uncertain."	5.14	Warfarin after anterior myocardial infarction in current era of dual antiplatelet therapy: a randomized feasibility trial. ( Ahmad, M; Eikelboom, JW; Natarajan, MK; Salehian, O; Schwalm, JD, 2010)
"There was a trend toward excess bleeding in long-term aspirin recipients, compared with placebo recipients (P = ."	5.13	Effect of long-term aspirin use on embolic events in infective endocarditis. ( Chan, KL; Cujec, B; Dumesnil, JG; Jue, J; Robinson, T; Sanfilippo, AJ; Tam, J; Turek, M; Williams, K, 2008)
"Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) is a randomized, double-blind study in subjects with recently symptomatic > or =50% carotid stenosis."	5.11	Dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin in symptomatic carotid stenosis evaluated using doppler embolic signal detection: the Clopidogrel and Aspirin for Reduction of Emboli in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis (CARESS) trial. ( Droste, DW; Kaps, M; Larrue, V; Lees, KR; Markus, HS; Ringelstein, EB; Siebler, M, 2005)
"In endocarditis patients already receiving antibiotic treatment, the addition of aspirin does not appear to reduce the risk of embolic events and is likely associated with an increased risk of bleeding."	5.10	A randomized trial of aspirin on the risk of embolic events in patients with infective endocarditis. ( Chan, KL; Cujec, B; Dumesnil, JG; Jue, J; Moher, D; Robinson, TI; Sanfilippo, AJ; Turek, MA, 2003)
"The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Study, a multicenter, randomized trial, compared 325 mg/day aspirin (double-blind) or warfarin with placebo for prevention of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism (primary events), and included 1,330 inpatients and outpatients with constant or intermittent atrial fibrillation."	5.07	Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Study. Final results. ( , 1991)
"In patients with mechanical heart valves and high-risk patients with prosthetic tissue valves, the addition of aspirin to warfarin therapy reduced mortality, particularly mortality from vascular causes, together with major systemic embolism."	5.07	A comparison of aspirin with placebo in patients treated with warfarin after heart-valve replacement. ( Basile, F; Gent, M; Gunstensen, J; Hirsh, J; Klimek, M; Latour, Y; Laupacis, A; Turpie, AG, 1993)
" The objective of this study was to evaluate how treatment with DOACs affects stroke and bleeding outcomes compared with warfarin or aspirin."	5.01	A systematic review of direct oral anticoagulant use in chronic kidney disease and dialysis patients with atrial fibrillation. ( Battistella, M; Cameron, K; Farrell, A; Feldberg, J; Ma, J; Patel, P; Sivarajahkumar, S, 2019)
" Patients with mesenteric ischaemia caused by atherosclerosis should be evaluated concerning platelet antiaggregation with low dose aspirin or clopidogrel, and those with cardioembolic disease should be recommended anticoagulant treatment with either warfarin or one of the direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC; apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban, or rivaroxaban)."	4.95	Pharmacological secondary prevention in patients with mesenterial artery atherosclerosis and arterial embolism. ( Gottsäter, A, 2017)
"Despite its lack of efficacy, aspirin is commonly used for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation."	4.91	Aspirin Compared to Low Intensity Anticoagulation in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Gándara, E; Gonzalez, JP; Vazquez, FJ, 2015)
"Warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is well documented."	4.84	Warfarin for the prevention of systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. ( Andersen, LV; Deichgraeber, P; Frost, L; Lindholt, JS; Mortensen, LS; Vestergaard, P, 2008)
"Anticoagulation with warfarin has been shown to be effective in preventing ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation."	4.79	Anticoagulation: risks and benefits in atrial fibrillation. ( Fiore, LD, 1996)
" The system has been applied in: (1) the Cardiovascular Outcomes for People Using Anticoagulation Strategies (COMPASS) trial and (2) the New Approach riVaroxaban Inhibition of Factor Xa in a Global trial versus Aspirin to prevenT Embolism in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (NAVIGATE ESUS) trial."	4.31	A hybrid automated event adjudication system for clinical trials. ( Bangdiwala, SI; Belanger, J; Bosch, J; Connolly, S; Dagenais, GR; Dyal, L; Eikelboom, J; Marsden, T; Renters, M; Swaminathan, B; Tang, C; Yuan, F, 2023)
"COMBINE AF incorporates de-identified individual patient data from 77,282 patients with atrial fibrillation at risk for stroke randomized to NOAC, warfarin, or aspirin from 5 pivotal randomized controlled trials."	4.02	Individual Patient Data from the Pivotal Randomized Controlled Trials of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (COMBINE AF): Design and Rationale: From the COMBINE AF (A Collaboration between Multiple institutio ( Alexander, JH; Carnicelli, AP; Connolly, SJ; Eikelboom, J; Giugliano, RP; Granger, CB; Hohnloser, SH; Hong, H; Hua, K; Lopes, RD; Morrow, DA; Oldgren, J; Patel, MR; Piccini, JP; Ruff, CT; Wallentin, L; Wojdyla, D, 2021)
"In this observational analysis of patients with atrial fibrillation and flutter, the concomitant use of direct oral anticoagulants and aspirin was associated with an increased risk of both major adverse cardiac and bleeding events when compared to the use of direct oral anticoagulants alone."	3.96	Concomitant use of direct oral anticoagulants and aspirin versus direct oral anticoagulants alone in atrial fibrillation and flutter: a retrospective cohort. ( George, J; Hafeez, A; Halalau, A; Keeney, S; Matka, M; Said, A, 2020)
"Aspirin use at baseline was associated with an increased risk for bleeding and all-cause death in ROCKET AF, a risk most pronounced in patients without known CAD."	3.83	Use of concomitant aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation: Findings from the ROCKET AF trial. ( Becker, RC; Berkowitz, SD; Breithardt, G; Fox, KA; Hacke, W; Halperin, JL; Hankey, GJ; Hellkamp, A; Lokhnygina, Y; Mahaffey, KW; Nessel, CC; Patel, MR; Piccini, JP; Shah, R; Singer, DE, 2016)
" This is a case of a 79-year-old female with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation who was inappropriately started on aspirin for anticoagulation despite her high risk for stroke."	3.75	Prevention and treatment of cardioembolic stroke: a case study. ( Brophy, GM; Glick, JA, 2009)
"The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between aspirin resistance, ischaemic stroke subtype, stroke severity, and inflammatory cytokines."	3.74	Aspirin resistance is more common in lacunar strokes than embolic strokes and is related to stroke severity. ( Byrne, CD; Englyst, NA; Horsfield, G; Kwan, J, 2008)
"The rapid and significant decline of MES in our stroke and TIA patients suggests the possible efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with MES and symptomatic large-artery occlusive disease."	3.73	Efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy in cerebrovascular disease as demonstrated by a decline in microembolic signals. A report of eight cases. ( Chang, HM; Chen, CL; Esagunde, RU; Gan, HY; Lee, MP; Wong, KS; Wong, MC, 2006)
"Aspirin is used in combination with anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but evidence of additional efficacy is not available."	3.73	Risks and benefits of combining aspirin with anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation: an exploratory analysis of stroke prevention using an oral thrombin inhibitor in atrial fibrillation (SPORTIF) trials. ( Chaparro, S; Connolly, SJ; Flaker, GC; Goldman, S; Gruber, M; Halinen, MO; Halperin, JL; Horrow, J; Vahanian, A, 2006)
" We aimed to compare the morbidity related to the treatment of atrial fibrillation with warfarin seen in one year at our hospital, with the morbidity in those patients in whom embolism was potentially preventable."	3.71	The morbidity related to atrial fibrillation at a tertiary centre in one year: 9.0% of all strokes are potentially preventable. ( Campbell, Do; Davis, S; Evans, A; Gerraty, R; Greenberg, P; Kilpatrick, C, 2002)
"(1) In patients with atrial fibrillation and a moderate embolic risk, aspirin reduces the risk of stroke and has a comparable risk-benefit ratio to oral anticoagulants."	3.70	Antiplatelet drugs in cardiovascular prevention: stroke prevention in patients with thrombogenic heart disease. ( , 2000)
"In general, aspirin is indicated to prevent thrombosis in conditions associated with high shear rates (i."	3.70	Warfarin or aspirin: both or others? ( Peverill, RE, 1999)
" For patients with a low risk of embolism aspirin is a valuable alternative to anticoagulation."	3.69	[Should every patient with atrial fibrillation get anticoagulants?]. ( Turina, J, 1997)
"This model of arterial thrombosis induced by laser was used to evaluate the effect of aspirin (Aspegic) on embolization."	3.68	Effects of aspirin on embolization in an arterial model of laser-induced thrombus formation. ( Doutremepuich, C; Doutremepuich, F; Lalanne, MC; Vesvres, MH, 1993)
"In conclusion, LV thrombosis is frequent after thrombolytic therapy for AAMI, and impaired LV wall motion represents an independent predisposing factor."	2.67	Left ventricular thrombosis and arterial embolism after thrombolysis in acute anterior myocardial infarction: predictors and effects of adjunctive antithrombotic therapy. ( Dale, J; Hegrenaes, L; Kontny, F; Lem, P; Morstøl, T; Søberg, T, 1993)
"Cardiogenic embolism is made less likely by ECG monitoring and echocardiography."	2.55	Secondary Stroke Prevention in Cryptogenic Stroke and Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS). ( Bernstein, R; Diener, HC; Hart, R, 2017)
"Cryptogenic stroke is one-fourth among cerebral infarction, but most of them could be ascribed to embolic stroke."	2.53	[ESUS (embolic stroke of undetermined sources)]. ( Kitagawa, K, 2016)
" The oral immunomodulatory drugs thalidomide and lenalidomide have produced major therapeutic responses in patients with MM when used in combination with oral steroids and chemotherapy, but a high incidence of VTE has been reported."	2.43	Thromboembolism risk reduction in multiple myeloma patients treated with immunomodulatory drug combinations. ( Hussein, MA, 2006)
"If diagnosed and treated early in pregnancy with low-dose aspirin and subcutaneous heparin the outlook for a successful pregnancy is much improved."	2.41	A literature review on the antiphospholipid syndrome and the effect on childbearing. ( Vials, JM, 2001)
"Thrombosis is of greater overall clinical importance in terms of morbidity and mortality than all of the hemorrhagic disorders combined."	2.41	Antithrombotic agents: implications in dentistry. ( Henry, RG; Little, JW; McIntosh, BA; Miller, CS, 2002)
"A mobile thrombus of the thoracic aorta is a rare entity, which might have serious clinical manifestations, including arterial emboli."	1.91	A Mobile Thrombus of the Thoracic Aorta. ( Ajaj, M; Fajer, S; Haddad, M; Shehab, M; Shnaker, A; Wolf, A, 2023)
"Cryptogenic stroke is a cerebral infarction where no source of cardioembolic events, no microangiopathy with lacunar infarcts, and no macroangiopathy with high-grade stenosis of the cerebral arteries can be detected."	1.48	[Ten key messages regarding embolic stroke of undetermined source and cryptogenic stroke]. ( Böttger, P; Buerke, M; Grond, M; Lemm, H, 2018)
" Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database."	1.42	Analysis of the Interaction between Clopidogrel, Aspirin, and Proton Pump Inhibitors Using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database. ( Abe, J; Hara, H; Kinosada, Y; Miyamura, N; Nakamura, M; Nishibata, Y; Sekiya, Y; Suzuki, H; Suzuki, Y; Tsuchiya, T; Umetsu, R; Uranishi, H, 2015)
"Embolism is a dreaded complication of infective endocarditis (IE)."	1.34	Impact of prior antiplatelet therapy on risk of embolism in infective endocarditis. ( Anavekar, NS; Baddour, LM; Chandrasekaran, K; Haddad, C; Khandaker, MH; Mirzoyev, Z; Steckelberg, JM; Tleyjeh, IM; Wilson, WR, 2007)
"Two patients complained of amaurosis fugax at 1 and 3 months after the procedure, and two patients complained of blurred vision at 3 and 4 months after the procedure."	1.33	Do complaints of amaurosis fugax and blurred vision after transcatheter device closure of atrial septal defect indicate microemboli to retinal vessels? ( Averbuch, L; Dotan, G; Ehrlich, R; Hirsh, R; Mutzmacher, L, 2005)
"A plaque embolism was excluded clinically and in the contrast-medium intensified MRT 5 days after the intervention in 79/81 (97."	1.32	[Outpatient primary stent-angioplasty in symptomatic internal carotid artery stenoses]. ( Andresen, R; Brinckmann, W; Roth, M, 2003)
"The ER of the ball thrombus type group, especially the MB group, was very high in spite of therapy with anti-coagulants and/or anti-platelet agents, and such patients should be treated by early surgical intervention."	1.32	Embolic attack in patients with atrial fibrillation and atrial thrombus depends on the character of the thrombus. ( Abe, Y; Asakura, T; Gotou, J; Ishikawa, S; Iwai, M; Maehara, K; Maruyama, Y; Muroi, S; Nagata, K; Ono, M; Saitoh, F; Sakabe, A; Sakamoto, N; Sando, M; Satoh, M; Suzuki, S; Watanabe, Y, 2003)
"At reexamination, one thrombus was detected in the patient without anticoagulant treatment and one thrombus was detected in the 8 patients treated with aspirin (13%), compared with ten thrombi detected in the 20 patients (50%) treated with phenprocoumon (p = NS)."	1.29	Left atrial thrombi despite anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy. ( Erbel, R; Genth, S; Meyer, J; Pinnau, U; Zotz, RJ, 1994)
"Aspirin was usually chosen after initial brain ischemia."	1.29	Patent foramen ovale and brain infarct. Echocardiographic predictors, recurrence, and prevention. ( Furlan, AJ; Hanna, JP; Sila, CA; Stewart, WJ; Sun, JP; Tan, M, 1994)
"When myocardial infarction is due to coronary embolism from endocarditic valves standard thrombolysis regimes should be avoided."	1.29	Acute coronary embolism complicating aortic valve endocarditis treated with streptokinase and aspirin. A case report. ( Connolly, DL; Crowley, JJ; Dardas, PS; Kenny, A; Petch, MC, 1994)
"or more) also suppressed the thrombus formation by single administration."	1.29	Antithrombotic effect of TA-993, a novel 1,5-benzothiazepine derivative, in conscious rats. ( Doi, H; Kaburaki, M; Murata, S; Narita, H; Yasoshima, A, 1995)
"One device failed at 58 days because of thrombus formation at the inflow side of the impeller."	1.29	Miniature axial flow pump for ventricular assistance in children and small adults. ( Jarvik, RK; Kaplon, RJ; Kwiatkowski, PA; Levin, HR; Oz, MC; Rose, EA; Shah, AS, 1996)
" For heartworm-negative dogs, mean (+/- SD) aspirin dosage that inhibited collagen-induced platelet reactivity by at least 50% was 6 (+/- 2) mg/kg of body weight given once daily."	1.28	Effects of treatment with aspirin or aspirin/dipyridamole combination in heartworm-negative, heartworm-infected, and embolized heartworm-infected dogs. ( Boudreaux, MK; Dillon, AR; Ravis, WR; Sartin, EA; Spano, JS, 1991)
"Mitral valve prolapse is usually a benign condition, however, serious complications have been reported to be associated with it."	1.27	Mitral valve prolapse and thromboembolic disease in pregnancy: a case report. ( Bergh, PA; Breen, JL; Gregori, CA; Hollander, D, 1988)

Research

Studies (149)

Authors

Clinical Trials (31)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Adjudicated Composite of Non-fatal Stroke, Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction, or Cardiovascular Death

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	20 (13.42)	18.7374
1990's	38 (25.50)	18.2507
2000's	46 (30.87)	29.6817
2010's	33 (22.15)	24.3611
2020's	12 (8.05)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Wolf, A	1
Fajer, S	1
Haddad, M	1
Shnaker, A	1
Ajaj, M	1
Shehab, M	1
Yuan, F	1
Bosch, J	1
Eikelboom, J	3
Dagenais, GR	1
Connolly, S	2
Belanger, J	1
Marsden, T	1
Tang, C	1
Swaminathan, B	1
Renters, M	1
Dyal, L	1
Bangdiwala, SI	1
Kar, S	1
Doshi, SK	2
Alkhouli, M	1
Camm, AJ	1
Coylewright, M	1
Gibson, MC	1
Granger, CB	4
Gurol, ME	1
Huber, K	3
Mansour, M	1
Nair, DG	1
Natale, A	1
Pocock, SJ	1
Reddy, VR	1
Saliba, W	1
Christen, T	1
Allocco, DJ	1
Ellenbogen, KA	1
Leon, MB	1
Kamel, H	1
Elkind, MSV	1
Tirschwell, DL	1
Taylor, BL	1
Abraham, NS	1
Varol, S	1
Şahin, İ	1
Kum, G	1
Katkat, F	1
Okuyan, E	1
Said, A	1
Keeney, S	1
Matka, M	1
Hafeez, A	1
George, J	1
Halalau, A	1
Patti, G	1
Sticchi, A	1
Verolino, G	1
Pasceri, V	1
Vizzi, V	1
Brscic, E	1
Casu, G	1
Golino, P	1
Russo, V	1
Rapacciuolo, A	1
Boccuzzi, G	1
Mangieri, A	1
Pagnotta, PA	1
Colombo, A	1
Guimarães, HP	1
de Barros E Silva, PGM	1
Liporace, IL	1
Sampaio, RO	1
Tarasoutchi, F	1
Paixão, M	1
Hoffmann-Filho, CR	1
Patriota, R	1
Leiria, TLL	1
Lamprea, D	1
Precoma, DB	1
Atik, FA	1
Silveira, FS	1
Farias, FR	1
Barreto, DO	1
Almeida, AP	1
Zilli, AC	1
de Souza Neto, JD	1
Cavalcante, MA	1
Figueira, FAMS	1
Junior, RA	1
Moisés, VA	1
Mesas, CE	1
Ardito, RV	1
Kalil, PSA	1
Paiva, MSMO	1
Maldonado, JGA	1
de Lima, CEB	1
D'Oliveira Vieira, R	1
Laranjeira, L	1
Kojima, F	1
Damiani, L	1
Nakagawa, RH	1
Dos Santos, JRY	1
Sampaio, BS	1
Campos, VB	1
Saraiva, JFK	1
Fonseca, FH	1
Pinto, IM	1
Magalhães, CC	1
Ferreira, JFM	1
Lopes, RD	3
Pavanello, R	1
Cavalcanti, AB	1
Berwanger, O	1
Carnicelli, AP	1
Hong, H	1
Giugliano, RP	1
Connolly, SJ	8
Patel, MR	3
Wallentin, L	3
Morrow, DA	1
Wojdyla, D	1
Hua, K	1
Hohnloser, SH	4
Oldgren, J	1
Ruff, CT	1
Piccini, JP	3
Alexander, JH	2
Diener, HC	5
Chutinet, A	1
Easton, JD	1
Kleine, E	1
Marquardt, L	1
Meyerhoff, J	1
Zini, A	1
Sacco, RL	1
Liu, Q	1
Huang, N	1
Li, A	1
Zhou, Y	1
Liang, L	1
Song, X	1
Yang, Z	1
Zhou, X	1
Gottsäter, A	1
Bernstein, R	1
Hart, R	2
Feldberg, J	1
Patel, P	1
Farrell, A	1
Sivarajahkumar, S	1
Cameron, K	1
Ma, J	1
Battistella, M	1
Chen, S	1
Weise, FK	1
Chun, KRJ	1
Schmidt, B	1
Böttger, P	1
Grond, M	2
Lemm, H	1
Buerke, M	1
Masjuan, J	1
Salido, L	1
DeFelipe, A	1
Hernández-Antolín, R	1
Fernández-Golfín, C	1
Cruz-Culebras, A	1
Matute, C	1
Vera, R	1
Pérez-Torre, P	1
Zamorano, JL	1
Chen, K	1
Williams, S	1
Chan, AK	1
Mondal, TK	1
Keating, GM	1
Alizade, E	1
Çağan Efe, S	1
Kutlutürk, I	1
Fidan, S	1
Avcı, A	1
Metin Esen, A	1
Reilly, PA	1
Lehr, T	1
Haertter, S	1
Yusuf, S	5
Eikelboom, JW	5
Ezekowitz, MD	1
Nehmiz, G	1
Wang, S	1
Mahaffey, KW	2
Stevens, SR	1
White, HD	1
Nessel, CC	2
Goodman, SG	1
Becker, RC	2
Halperin, JL	4
Hacke, W	3
Singer, DE	2
Hankey, GJ	3
Califf, RM	1
Fox, KA	2
Breithardt, G	2
Thomas, L	1
Alings, M	2
Atar, D	1
Aylward, P	1
Goto, S	1
Hanna, M	1
Husted, S	2
Lewis, BS	3
McMurray, JJ	1
Pais, P	2
Pouleur, H	1
Steg, PG	1
Verheugt, FW	1
Wojdyla, DM	1
Amarenco, P	1
Davis, S	2
Jones, EF	1
Cohen, AA	1
Heiss, WD	1
Kaste, M	1
Laouénan, C	1
Young, D	1
Macleod, M	1
Donnan, GA	1
Vanassche, T	1
Lauw, MN	1
Healey, JS	1
Hart, RG	4
Avezum, A	3
Díaz, R	2
Shestakovska, O	1
Wang, J	1
Suzuki, Y	1
Suzuki, H	1
Umetsu, R	1
Uranishi, H	1
Abe, J	1
Nishibata, Y	1
Sekiya, Y	1
Miyamura, N	1
Hara, H	1
Tsuchiya, T	1
Kinosada, Y	1
Nakamura, M	1
Blann, AD	1
Skjøth, F	1
Rasmussen, LH	1
Larsen, TB	1
Lip, GY	2
Vazquez, FJ	1
Gonzalez, JP	1
Gándara, E	1
Kitagawa, K	1
O'Donnell, MJ	1
Smith, EE	1
Gladstone, DJ	1
Sharma, M	1
Dias, R	1
Flaker, G	2
Zhu, J	2
Lewis, G	2
Sasaki, K	1
Ueno, T	1
Shah, R	1
Hellkamp, A	1
Lokhnygina, Y	1
Berkowitz, SD	1
Geisler, T	1
Poli, S	1
Meisner, C	1
Schreieck, J	1
Zuern, CS	1
Nägele, T	1
Brachmann, J	1
Jung, W	1
Gahn, G	1
Schmid, E	1
Bäezner, H	1
Keller, T	1
Petzold, GC	1
Schrickel, JW	1
Liman, J	1
Wachter, R	1
Schön, F	1
Schabet, M	1
Lindner, A	1
Ludolph, AC	1
Kimmig, H	1
Jander, S	1
Schlegel, U	1
Gawaz, M	1
Ziemann, U	1
Windecker, S	1
Tijssen, J	1
Giustino, G	1
Guimarães, AH	1
Mehran, R	1
Valgimigli, M	1
Vranckx, P	1
Welsh, RC	1
Baber, U	1
van Es, GA	1
Wildgoose, P	1
Volkl, AA	1
Zazula, A	1
Thomitzek, K	1
Hemmrich, M	1
Dangas, GD	1
Jolobe, OM	1
Pogue, J	1
Pfeffer, M	1
Chrolavicius, S	1
Eisen, DP	2
Corey, GR	1
McBryde, ES	1
Fowler, VG	1
Miro, JM	1
Cabell, CH	1
Street, AC	1
Paiva, MG	1
Ionac, A	1
Tan, RS	2
Tribouilloy, C	1
Pachirat, O	1
Jones, SB	1
Chipigina, N	1
Naber, C	1
Pan, A	1
Ravasio, V	1
Gattringer, R	1
Chu, VH	1
Bayer, AS	3
Anavekar, NS	3
Murphy, JG	1
Famakin, BM	1
Chimowitz, MI	1
Lynn, MJ	1
Stern, BJ	1
George, MG	1
Yamasaki, H	1
Matsubara, S	1
Sasaki, I	1
Nagahiro, S	1
Feldman, DN	1
Wong, SC	1
Bergman, G	1
Minutello, RM	1
Sial, JA	1
Ferman, MT	1
Saghir, T	1
Rasool, SI	1
Chua, D	1
Legal, M	1
Shalansky, SJ	1
Gomez, CR	1
Qureshi, AI	1
Glick, JA	1
Brophy, GM	1
Schwalm, JD	1
Ahmad, M	1
Salehian, O	1
Natarajan, MK	1
Laufs, U	1
Hoppe, UC	1
Rosenkranz, S	1
Kirchhof, P	1
Böhm, M	1
Endres, M	1
Meinertz, T	1
Ringelstein, EB	2
Röther, J	1
Dichgans, M	1
Joyner, C	2
Golitsyn, S	1
Talajic, M	1
Budaj, A	1
Parkhomenko, A	1
Jansky, P	1
Commerford, P	1
Sim, KH	1
Van Mieghem, W	1
Kim, JH	1
Lanas-Zanetti, F	1
Gonzalez-Hermosillo, A	1
Dans, AL	1
Munawar, M	1
O'Donnell, M	2
Lawrence, J	1
Afzal, R	1
Lynch, DR	1
Gao, P	1
Paolasso, E	1
De Caterina, R	1
Tsukada, YT	1
Gerbaud, E	1
Seguy, B	1
Coste, P	1
Reddy, VY	1
Sievert, H	1
Buchbinder, M	1
Neuzil, P	1
Holmes, D	1
Abe, Y	1
Asakura, T	1
Sakamoto, N	1
Ishikawa, S	1
Muroi, S	1
Saitoh, F	1
Satoh, M	1
Suzuki, S	1
Ono, M	1
Sakabe, A	1
Iwai, M	1
Sando, M	1
Gotou, J	1
Watanabe, Y	1
Nagata, K	1
Maehara, K	1
Maruyama, Y	1
Martin, DO	1
Chan, KL	2
Dumesnil, JG	2
Cujec, B	2
Sanfilippo, AJ	2
Jue, J	2
Turek, MA	1
Robinson, TI	1
Moher, D	1
Homma, S	1
Grahame-Clarke, C	1
Andresen, R	1
Roth, M	1
Brinckmann, W	1
Massie, BM	1
Krol, WF	1
Ammon, SE	1
Armstrong, PW	1
Cleland, JG	1
Collins, JF	1
Ezekowitz, M	2
Jafri, SM	1
O'Connor, CM	1
Packer, M	1
Schulman, KA	1
Teo, K	1
Warren, S	1
Markus, HS	1
Droste, DW	1
Kaps, M	1
Larrue, V	1
Lees, KR	1
Siebler, M	1
Ehrlich, R	1
Mutzmacher, L	1
Averbuch, L	1
Dotan, G	1
Hirsh, R	1
Imray, CH	1
Higman, DJ	1
Marshall, C	1
Cohen, SN	1
Esagunde, RU	1
Wong, KS	1
Lee, MP	1
Gan, HY	1
Wong, MC	1
Chang, HM	1
Chen, CL	1
Heiss, JM	1
Hussein, MA	1
Descarries, LM	1
Leduc, L	1
Khairy, P	1
Mercier, LA	1
Flaker, GC	1
Gruber, M	1
Goldman, S	1
Chaparro, S	1
Vahanian, A	1
Halinen, MO	3
Horrow, J	1
Tleyjeh, IM	1
Mirzoyev, Z	1
Steckelberg, JM	1
Haddad, C	1
Khandaker, MH	1
Wilson, WR	1
Chandrasekaran, K	1
Baddour, LM	1
Han, ZX	1
Ma, GY	1
Ma, CM	1
Henry, M	1
Henry, I	1
Polydorou, A	2
Hugel, M	1
Göring, C	1
Telman, G	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Phase 2, Randomized, Open Label, Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial to Explore the Safety and Efficacy of Rivaroxaban Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation With Bioprosthetic Mitral Valves - RIVER[NCT02303795]	Phase 2	1,005 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Randomized, Double-blind, Evaluation in Secondary Stroke Prevention Comparing the EfficaCy and Safety of the Oral Thrombin Inhibitor Dabigatran Etexilate (110 mg or 150 mg, Oral b.i.d.) Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid (100 mg Oral q.d.) in Patients With Embol[NCT02239120]	Phase 3	5,390 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-27	Completed
Aspirin Discontinuation After Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Atrial Fibrillation[NCT03821883]		1,120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Recruiting
Randomized Evaluation of Long Term Anticoagulant Therapy (RE-LY) Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Two Blinded Doses of Dabigatran Etexilate With Open Label Warfarin for the Prevention of Stroke and Systemic Embolism in Patients With Non-valvular Atria[NCT00262600]	Phase 3	18,113 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-12-31	Completed
A Monitor System for the Safety of Dabigatran Anticoagulation Treatment in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation[NCT02414035]		1,496 participants (Actual)	Observational	2015-03-22	Completed
Prevention of New Vascular Events in Patients With Brain Infarction or Peripheral Embolism and Thoracic Aortic Plaques ≥ 4 mm in Thickness in the Aortic Arch or Descending Aortic Upstream to the Embolized Artery[NCT00235248]	Phase 3	350 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-02-28	Completed
REACTIC-TAVI Trial: Platelet REACtivity According to TICagrelor Dose After Transcatheter AorticValve Implantation. A Pilot Study.[NCT04331145]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-23	Completed
Global Multicenter, Open-label, Randomized, Event-driven, Active-controlled Study Comparing a rivAroxaban-based Antithrombotic Strategy to an antipLatelet-based Strategy After Transcatheter aortIc vaLve rEplacement (TAVR) to Optimize Clinical Outcomes[NCT02556203]	Phase 3	1,653 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-12-16	Terminated (stopped due to Imbalance in the efficacy and safety endpoints between treatment arms in favor of comparator)
Aspirin Versus Aspirin + ClopidogRel as Antithrombotic Treatment Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With the Edwards Valve. A Randomized Study (the ARTE Trial)[NCT02640794]	Phase 4	222 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
A Parallel Randomized Controlled Evaluation of Clopidogrel Plus Aspirin, With Factorial Evaluation of Irbesartan, for the Prevention of Vascular Events, in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation[NCT00249873]	Phase 3	7,554 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-06-30	Completed
Aspirin Versus Aspirin + ClopidogRel as Antithrombotic Treatment Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With the Edwards SAPIEN XT Valve. A Randomized Pilot Study (the ARTE Trial)[NCT01559298]	Phase 4	178 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-03-31	Completed
Implantation of CERENOVUS ENTERPRISE 2 Intracranial Stent in Patients With Severe Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis: A Multicenter, Prospective and Single-Arm Study in China[NCT05316311]		194 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-24	Recruiting
The Predictive Value of Retinal Vascular Signs for Patients With Intracranial Artery Stenosis: A Prospective, Continuity Study, Cross-sectional Study[NCT05270746]		1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2022-02-27	Not yet recruiting
Antithrombotic Therapy After Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion: Double Antiplatelet Therapy vs Apixaban[NCT05632445]	Phase 4	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Completed
Interventional Left Atrial Appendage Closure vs. Novel Anticoagulation Agents in High-risk Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (PRAGUE-17 Study)[NCT02426944]	Phase 4	400 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-10-13	Completed
RENal Hemodialysis Patients ALlocated Apixaban Versus Warfarin in Atrial Fibrillation (RENAL-AF) Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT02942407]	Phase 4	154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-31	Completed
Apixaban Versus Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) to Prevent Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Who Have Failed or Are Unsuitable for Vitamin K Antagonist Treatment: A Randomized Double-blind Trial[NCT00496769]	Phase 3	6,421 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-08-31	Completed
Evaluation of the Use of an Oral Direct Anti-Xa Anticoagulant, Apixaban, in Prevention of Venous Thromboembolic Disease in Patients Treated With IMiDs During Myeloma : a Pilot Study[NCT02066454]	Phase 3	105 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Recruiting
A Pilot Study of Edoxaban in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Left Atrial Appendage Closure[NCT03088072]	Phase 4	75 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-03-23	Recruiting
Apixaban for the Secondary Prevention of Thromboembolism: a Prospective Randomized Outcome Pilot Study Among Patients With the AntiphosPholipid Syndrome[NCT02295475]	Phase 4	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-10	Completed
[NCT02937025]	Phase 1/Phase 2	154 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Not yet recruiting
WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage System for Embolic PROTECTion in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (PROTECT AF)[NCT00129545]	Phase 2/Phase 3	800 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-02-28	Completed
Can the Lambre Device Occlude IRRegular And Large Appendages in Patients With Non-Valvular AF: The CORRAL-AF Study[NCT04684212]		2,931 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Not yet recruiting
Registry of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion With WATCHMAN® Device in Patients With Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation and End-stage Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis[NCT03446794]		300 participants (Actual)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2018-03-14	Completed
Feasibility and Prognostic Role of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Patients With Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation at High Risk for Cerebrovascular Events[NCT04472871]		300 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-07-20	Not yet recruiting
CSP #442 - Warfarin and Antiplatelet Therapy Study in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure (WATCH)[NCT00007683]	Phase 3	1,587 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	1998-10-31	Completed
Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Mild-Moderate Ischemic Stroke (ATAMIS): a Parallel Randomized, Open-label, Multicenter, Prospective Study[NCT02869009]	Phase 3	3,000 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-11-30	Completed
Revacept, an Inhibitor of Platelet Adhesion in Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis: A Phase II, Multicentre; Randomised, Dose-finding, Double-blind and Placebo Controlled Superiority Study With Parallel Groups[NCT01645306]	Phase 2	158 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-08	Completed
Assessment of Anti-Coagulation Therapy on Patient With Left Ventricular Thrombus After ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction[NCT05892042]		320 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-01	Recruiting
A Sequential Phase I - Phase II Pilot Study to Compare Cardiac Imaging Capabilities of ICE With TEE Followed by a Randomized Comparison of ICE Guided Cardioversion With Conventional Cardioversion Strategy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation[NCT00281073]	Phase 1/Phase 2	95 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-03-31	Completed
Echocardiographic Risk Factors of Stroke in Patients With Atrial[NCT03824509]		140 participants (Actual)	Observational	2019-01-01	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Adjudicated composite of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), or cardiovascular death is a key secondary endpoint. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period. (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months

Adjudicated Fatal Bleed

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	4.80
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	5.40

Adjudicated fatal bleeding was defined as a bleeding event which the Independent Event Adjudication Committee (IAC) determined as the primary cause of death or contributed directly to death. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period. Because there were 0 events in one treatment group, the hazard ratio is unable to be calculated. (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.

Adjudicated Intracranial Hemorrhage

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	0.00
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	0.05

"Adjudicated intracranial haemorrhage comprised the subtypes of intracerebral bleeds, intraventricular bleeds, subdural bleeds, epidural bleeds, and subarachnoid bleeds. Microbleeds did not qualify as intracranial haemorrhage, except when they were symptomatic.~The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period." (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.

Adjudicated Ischaemic Stroke

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	0.67
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	0.63

Adjudicated ischaemic stroke is a key secondary endpoint. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period. (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months

Adjudicated Life-threatening Bleed

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	3.97
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	4.71

"Major bleeds were to be classified as life-threatening if they met one or more of the following criteria: fatal bleed, symptomatic intracranial bleed, reduction in haemoglobin of at least 5 grams/ deciliter (g/dL), transfusion of at least 4 units of packed red blood cells (equivalent to 9 units in Japan), associated with hypotension requiring the use of intravenous inotropic agents, or necessitated surgical intervention.~The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period." (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.

Adjudicated Recurrent Stroke

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	0.76
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	0.91

Adjudicated recurrent stroke (ischemic, hemorrhagic, or unspecified) is presented. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period. (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: From randomisation until full follow up period, approximately 43 months.

All-cause Death

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	4.09
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	4.80

All-cause death is presented. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period. (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months

Any Bleed (Investigator-reported)

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	1.24
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	1.28

"This was the sum of all major and minor bleeds (Minor bleeds were clinical bleeds that did not fulfil the criteria for major bleeds), regardless of severity.~The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period." (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.

Disabling Stroke

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	15.21
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	11.64

Disabling stroke (modified Rankin Scale greater than or equal to 4, as determined 3 months after recurrent stroke) is presented. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period. (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: From randomisation until full follow up period, up to 43 months

First Major Bleed (Adjudicated)

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	0.55
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	0.93

"First major bleed is primary safety endpoint. Major bleeds were defined according to the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) definition as follows:~Symptomatic bleeding in a critical area or organ, such as intracranial, intraspinal, intraocular, retroperitoneal, intra-articular or pericardial, or intramuscular with compartment syndrome and/or,~Bleeding (which should be overt) associated with a reduction in haemoglobin of at least 2 grams/ decilitre (g/dL) (1.24 millimoles Per Litre (mmol/L)), or leading to transfusion of ≥2 units of blood or packed cells (equivalent to ≥4.5 units in Japan); the haemoglobin drop should be considered to be due to and temporally related to the bleeding event and/or,~Fatal bleed. The annualised event rate represents the average number of events per patient during a 1-year period." (NCT02239120)
Timeframe: Between the first trial medication intake up to 6 days after the last trial medication intake, approximately 42 months.

Abnormal Liver Function Test

Intervention	Annualised event rate (%/ year) (Number)
Dabigatran Etexilate 110 or 150 Milligram (mg)	1.84
Acetylsalicylic Acid, Aspirin (ASA) 100 mg	1.33

Number of subjects with abnormal liver function test (LFT), i.e., ALT/AST>3xULN and total bilirubin > 2 x ULN (NCT00262600)
Timeframe: 36 months

Yearly Event Rate for Composite Endpoint of Stroke/SEE

Intervention	participants (Number)
Dabigatran 110 mg	11
Dabigatran 150 mg	14
Warfarin	21

Time to first occurrence of stroke or systemic embolic event. Yearly event rate (%) = number of subjects with event / subject-years * 100. Subject years = sum(date of study termination - date of randomization + 1) of all randomized subjects / 365.25 (NCT00262600)
Timeframe: 36 months

Yearly Event Rate for Composite Endpoint of Stroke/SEE/All Cause Death

Intervention	yearly event rate (percentage) (Number)
Dabigatran 110 mg	1.54
Dabigatran 150 mg	1.11
Warfarin	1.71

Time to first occurrence of stroke, SEE or all cause death. Yearly event rate (%) = number of subjects with event / subject-years * 100. Subject years = sum(date of study termination - date of randomization + 1) of all randomized subjects / 365.25 (NCT00262600)
Timeframe: 36 months

Yearly Event Rate: Composite of Stroke/SEE/PE/MI/Vascular Death

Intervention	yearly event rate (percentage) (Number)
Dabigatran 110 mg	4.85
Dabigatran 150 mg	4.32
Warfarin	5.20

Time to first occurrence of stroke, systemic embolic event, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction including silent myocardial infarction or vascular death. Yearly event rate (%) = number of subjects with event / subject-years * 100. Subject years = sum(date of study termination - date of randomization + 1) of all randomized subjects / 365.25 (NCT00262600)
Timeframe: 36 months

Bleeding Events (Major and Minor)

Intervention	yearly event rate (percentage) (Number)
Dabigatran 110 mg	4.26
Dabigatran 150 mg	3.68
Warfarin	4.35

"Yearly event rate of bleeds. Yearly event rate (%) = number of subjects with event / subject-years * 100. Subject years = sum(date of study termination - date of randomization + 1) of all randomized subjects / 365.25~Major bleeds are adjudicated, whereas minor bleeds are investigator reported." (NCT00262600)
Timeframe: 36 months

Clinical Relevant Abnormalities for Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Other Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH)

Intervention	yearly event rate (percentage) (Number)
	Major bleeds	Minor bleeds
Dabigatran 110 mg	2.99	13.16
Dabigatran 150 mg	3.55	14.85
Warfarin	3.81	16.37

Patients with clinical relevant abnormalities for intracerebral hemorrhage, other intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) (NCT00262600)
Timeframe: 36 months

Number of Participants With Cardiovascular Death or Thromboembolic Event

Intervention	yearly event rate (percentage)] (Number)
	intracerebral hemorrhage	intracranial hemorrhage (ICH)
Dabigatran 110 mg	0.12	0.23
Dabigatran 150 mg	0.10	0.32
Warfarin	0.38	0.76

Composite of CV-death, any stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), symptomatic valve thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and non-central nervous system (CNS) systemic embolism (per adjudication). (NCT02556203)
Timeframe: Through study completion, on average 16 months

Number of Participants With Composite Bleeding Endpoint of BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) 2, 3, or 5 Bleeds

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	83
Antiplatelet	68

Composite of BARC 2,3 or 5 bleedings (NCT02556203)
Timeframe: Through study completion, on average 16 months

Number of Participants With Death or First Thromboembolic Event (DTE)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	148
Antiplatelet	85

Death or first adjudicated thromboembolic event (DTE), defined as composite of all-cause death, any stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), symptomatic valve thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and non-central nervous system (CNS) systemic embolism. (NCT02556203)
Timeframe: Through study completion, on average 14 months

Number of Participants With Death or First Thromboembolic Event (DTE)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	68
Antiplatelet	63

Number of Participants With ISTH (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis) Major Bleeds

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	105
Antiplatelet	78

ISTH major bleeds (NCT02556203)
Timeframe: Through study completion, on average 16 months

Number of Participants With Net-clinical Benefit

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	49
Antiplatelet	30

The net-clinical-benefit defined as the adjudicated composite of all-cause death, any stroke, myocardial infarction, symptomatic valve thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, non-CNS systemic embolism (efficacy); VARC life-threatening, disabling and VARC major bleeds (safety). (NCT02556203)
Timeframe: Through study completion, on average 16 months

Number of Participants With Primary Bleeding Event (PBE)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	137
Antiplatelet	100

PBE is defined according to VARC (Valve Academic Research Consortium) definitions as the adjudicated composite of: Life-threatening, disabling or major bleeding. (NCT02556203)
Timeframe: Through study completion, on average 16 months

Number of Participants With TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) Major / Minor Bleeds

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	46
Antiplatelet	31

Composite of TIMI major and minor bleedings (NCT02556203)
Timeframe: Through study completion, on average 16 months

Adjudicated Major Bleedings

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto, BAY59-7939)	42
Antiplatelet	24

The number of participants with at least one major bleeding, validated by the Event Adjudication Committee are counted over the duration of the follow-up (including after permanent discontinuation of the study drug). (NCT00249873)
Timeframe: expected median follow-up of approximately 3 years

Death From Any Cause (Cardiovascular and Noncardiovascular)

Intervention	participants (Number)
Clopidogrel + ASA	251
Placebo + ASA	162

The considered event is death from any cause. The analysis is performed on the time from randomization to this event. Numbers of patients with the event over the duration of the follow-up are presented by arm group. (NCT00249873)
Timeframe: expected median follow-up of approximately 3 years

Occurrence of Stroke

Intervention	participants (Number)
Clopidogrel + ASA	825
Placebo + ASA	841

The event is the occurence of stroke (nonfatal or fatal, ischemic, hemorrhagic or of uncertain type) after validation of the Event Adjudication Committee . The analysis is performed on the time from randomization to the occurrence of this event. Numbers of patients with the event over the duration of the follow-up are presented by arm group. (NCT00249873)
Timeframe: expected median follow-up of approximately 3 years

First Occurence of Any Component of the Composite of Stroke, Non-Central Nervous System (Non-CNS) Systemic Embolism, Myocardial Infarction or Vascular Death as Per Adjudication

Intervention	participants (Number)
Clopidogrel + ASA	296
Placebo + ASA	408

"The primary event is the first occurence of any adjudicated component of the following cluster over the duration of follow-up :~stroke (nonfatal or fatal)~myocardial infarction (nonfatal or fatal)~non-CNS systemic embolism~vascular death~The primary efficacy analysis is performed on the time from randomization to this primary event. Numbers of patients with the composite event over the duration of the follow-up are presented by arm group." (NCT00249873)
Timeframe: expected median follow-up of approximately 3 years

Apixaban Plasma Concentration, Cmax

Intervention	participants (Number)
	All components	- Myocardial Infarction (fatal or not)	- Stroke (fatal or not)	- Non-CNS systemic embolism	- Vascular death
Clopidogrel + ASA	832	84	285	50	413
Placebo + ASA	924	105	391	48	380

Evaluate the pharmacokinetics of apixaban in ESRD NVAF patients on hemodialysis. The measurement was done from 0-12 hours after the dose was given on Day 1. (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: 0-12 hours post-dose

Apixaban Plasma Concentration, Cmin

Intervention	ng/mL (Geometric Mean)
Apixaban 2.5 mg	59.7
Apixaban 5 mg	97.9

Area Under the Plasma Apixaban Concentration Curve From 0 to 12 Hours After Dose (AUCO-12)

Intervention	ng/mL (Geometric Mean)
Apixaban 2.5 mg	28.2
Apixaban 5mg	49.7

Evaluate the pharmacokinetics of apixaban in ESRD NVAF patients on hemodialysis. The measurement was done from 0 to 12 hours after dose was given on Day 1. (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: 0-12 hours post-dose

Number of Participants Experiencing ISTH (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis) Major or Clinically Relevant Non-major Bleeding

Intervention	ng*h/mL (Geometric Mean)
Apixaban 2.5 mg	507
Apixaban 5mg	868

"Assess the safety of apixaban versus warfarin regarding ISTH major bleeding or clinically relevant non-major bleeding events in patients with NVAF (nonvalvular atrial fibrillation) and ESRD (end-stage renal disease) on hemodialysis.~Major bleeding event is defined as:Acute clinically overt bleeding (including access site related bleeding) accompanied by 1 or more of the following: Decrease in Hgb of 2g/dL or more with overt bleeding; Transfusion of 2 or more units of packed RBCs in the setting of an overt bleeding event; Bleeding within a critical site. Hemorrhagic stroke (primary or infarction with hemorrhagic conversion) were classified as major bleeds.~Non-major bleeding event is defined as: Acute or sub-acute clinically overt bleeding (including access site related bleeding) that does not meet criteria for major bleeding & results in Hospital admission for bleeding, physician guided medical or surgical treatment for bleeding, or change in antithrombotic therapy" (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: Randomization up to Month 15/Final Visit

Number of Participants Experiencing Mortality

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Apixaban	21
Warfarin	16

Evaluate mortality rates for those participants randomized to warfarin and apixaban in patients with NVAF and ESRD on hemodialysis (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: Randomization up to Month 15/Final Visit

Number of Participants Experiencing Stroke

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Apixaban	21
Warfarin	13

"Adjudcated stroke defined as a new, non-traumatic episode of focal or global neurological dysfunction of sudden onset caused by central nervous system (CNS) vascular injury as a result of hemorrhage or infarction and not due to a readily identifiable non-vascular cause (i.e. brain tumor). CNS includes brain, spinal cord and retina. The required duration of the deficit is ≥ 24 hours.~Events with neurologic deficit lasting for < 24 hours and an imaging modality showing evidence of an acute stroke will be counted as stroke as well.~A retinal ischemic event (embolism, infarction) will be considered a stroke" (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: Randomization up to Month 15/Final Visit

Number of Participants Experiencing Stroke or Systemic Embolism

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Apixaban	2
Warfarin	2

Number of participants experiencing adjudicated stroke or systemic embolism. (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: Randomization up to Month 15/Final Visit

Number of Participants Experiencing Stroke, Systemic Embolism, Major Bleeding or All-cause Mortality

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Apixaban	2
Warfarin	2

"Evaluate those experiencing stroke, systemic embolism, ISTH major bleeding, or all-cause mortality for those randomized to warfarin and apixaban in patients with NVAF and ESRD on hemodialysis~Definitions of stroke and systemic embolism are provided under the measurement description of the secondary outcomes for each individual event. Definition of major bleed is provided in outcome measurement description of the primary outcome measure." (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: Randomization up to Month 15/Final Visit

Number of Participants Experiencing Systemic Embolism

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Apixaban	27
Warfarin	29

"Adjudicated diagnosis of systemic arterial embolism (Non-pulmonary, non-cranial events) will require a positive clinical history consistent with an acute loss of blood flow to a peripheral artery (or arteries), which is supported by evidence of embolism/thrombosis from surgical specimens, autopsy, angiography, vascular imaging, or other objective testing.~Clinical presentation would include:~Abrupt development of pain, absent pulses, pallor, and/or paresis in an extremity (at least an entire digit) without previous severe claudication or findings of severe peripheral vascular disease.~Renal embolism will be diagnosed when sudden flank pain or a change in renal laboratory findings occurred.~Abdominal vascular/visceral embolism was considered definite if acute abdominal symptoms or referred symptoms developed along with a change in abdominal examination or appropriate laboratory values." (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: Randomization up to Month 15/Final Visit

Persistence of Therapy

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Apixaban	0
Warfarin	0

Evaluate days between time from initiation to discontinuation of randomized therapy. (NCT02942407)
Timeframe: Randomization up to Month 15/Final Visit

Event Rate for the Composite of Stroke of Any Type, Systemic Embolism, Myocardial Infarction, or Vascular Death During the Double-blind Treatment Period

Intervention	Days (Mean)
Apixaban	304.4
Warfarin	279.6

Event rate=percent of participants with an event divided by the total participants in the arm. (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: Randomization to efficacy cutoff date of May 28, 2010 (date revised following cessation of study for superior efficacy)

Event Rate of Stroke/Systemic Embolism During the Intended-treatment Period

Intervention	Percentage of events per year (Number)
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	4.21
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	6.35

Event rate=percent of participants with an event divided by the total participants in the arm. Intended-treatment period=date of randomization to the efficacy cutoff date, which was to be the date on which at least 226 unrefuted original primary efficacy events occurred (date revised to May 28, 2010 following cessation of study for superior efficacy.) (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: Randomization to efficacy cutoff date of May 28, 2010 (date revised following cessation of study for superior efficacy)

Rate of Unrefuted Bleeding From First Dose of Double-blind Study Drug to First Occurence of Unrefuted Bleeding During the Double-blind Treatment Period

Intervention	Percentage of events (Number)
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	1.62
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	3.63

Event rate=percent of participants with an event divided by the total participants in the arm. (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: Day 1 to first bleeding event up to efficacy cutoff date of May 28, 2010 (date revised following cessation of study for superior efficacy)

Event Rate of All-cause Death; Net Clinical Benefit-Composite of Stroke, Systemic Embolism, Myocardial Infarction, Vascular Death, and Major Bleeding; and Vascular Death

Intervention	Percentage of events per year (Number)
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	10.85
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	8.32

Event Rates for Major Bleeding, Major or Clinically Relevant Nonmajor (CNRM) Bleeding, and All Bleeding in the Double-blind Period

Intervention	Percentage of events per year (Number)
	All-cause death (n=111, 140)	Net clinical benefit (n=163, 220)	Vascular death (n=84, 96)
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	4.42	7.13	3.03
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	3.51	5.23	2.65

Event rate=percent of participants with an event divided by the total participants in the arm. (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: First dose of study drug (Day 1) to the earlier of a patient's discontinuation of double-blind study drug or the attainment of at least 226 primary efficacy events up to May 28, 2010

Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Results Meeting the Criteria for Marked Abnormality

Intervention	Percentage of events per year (Number)
	Major bleeding	Major or CRNM bleeding	All bleeding
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	0.92	3.24	8.32
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	1.41	4.46	10.85

BL=baseline, LLN=lower limit of normal, ULN=upper limit of normal. Hemoglobin (g/dL), low: BL>2 or value ≤8; hematocrit(%), low: <0.75*BL; erythrocytes (*10^6 cells/μL), low: <0.75*BL; platelet count (*10^9 cells/L),low: <100*10^9 cells/L; leukocytes (*10^3 cells/μL), low if <0.8*BL and BLULN or <0.75*LLN when BL is missing or LLN ≤BL≤ ULN, high if >1.2*BL and BL>ULN or >ULN when BL and BL1.25*ULN when BL is missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN; neutrophils (absolute), low: <1.0*10^3 cells/μL; eosinophils (absolute), high: >0.750*10^3 cells/μL; basophils (absolute), high: >0.4*10^3 cells/μL; monocytes (absolute), high: 2*10^3 cells/μL; lymphocytes (absolute), low if <0.75*10^3 cells/μL, high if >7.50*10^3 cells/μL; ALP (U/L), high: 2*ULN; AST (U/L), high: 3*ULN; AST (U/L), high: 3*ULN; bilirubin, total (mg/dL), high: >2*ULN; bilirubin, direct (mg/dL), high: 1.5*ULN; BUN (mg/dL), high:>2*ULN; creatinine (mg/dL), high: >1.5*ULN. (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: First dose of study drug (Day 1) to 30 days after last dose of blinded study drug

Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Results Meeting the Criteria for Marked Abnormality (Continued)

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Hemoglobin, low (n=1956, 1893)	Hemoglobin, high (n=1956, 1893)	Hematocrit, low (n=1728, 1687)	Hematocrit, high (n=1728, 1687)	Erythrocytes, low (n=1728, 1687)	Erythrocytes, high (n=1728, 1687)	Platelet count, low (n=2148, 2098)	Platelet count, high (n=2148, 2098)	Leukocytes, low (n=1738, 1698)	Leukocytes, high (n=1738, 1698)	Neutrophils (absolute), low (n=2170, 2138)	Neutrophils (absolute), high (n=2170, 2138)	Eosinophils (absolute), low (n=2170, 2138)	Eosinophils (absolute), high (n=2170, 2138)	Basophils (absolute), low (n=2170, 2138)	Basophils (absolute), high (n=2170, 2138)	Monocytes (absolute), low (n=2170, 2138)	Monocytes (absolute), high (n=2170, 2138)	Lymphocytes (absolute), low (n=2170, 2138)	Lymphocytes (absolute), high (n=2170, 2138)	Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), low (n=2781, 2758)	ALP, high (n=2781, 2758)	Aspartate phosphatase (AST), low (n=2779, 2753)	AST, high (n=2779, 2753)	Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), low (n=2779, 2753)	ALT, high (n=2779, 2753)	Bilirubin (total), low (n=2781, 2758)	Bilirubin (total), high (n=2781, 2758)	Bilirubin (direct), low (n=2773, 2750)	Bilirubin (direct), high (n=2773, 2750)	Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), low (n=2201, 2172)	BUN, high (n=2201, 2172)	Creatinine, low (n=2209, 2178)	Creatinine, high (n=2209, 2178)
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	120	0	9	0	12	0	10	0	14	18	1	0	0	68	0	0	0	2	62	5	0	27	0	33	0	31	0	43	0	248	0	50	0	71
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	131	0	13	0	12	0	7	0	12	14	2	0	0	48	0	0	0	0	52	4	0	34	0	28	0	23	0	30	0	241	0	42	0	67

LLN=lower limit of normal; ULN=upper limit of normal; BL=baseline. Sodium, serum (mEq/L):low if <0.95*BL and BLULN or <0.95*LLN when BL missing or LLN ≤BL≤ULN, high if >1.05*BL and BL>ULN or >ULN and BL1.05*ULN when BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN; potassium(mEq/L):low if <0.90*BL and BLULN or <0.90*LLN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN, high if >1.10*BL and BL>ULN or>ULN and BL1.10*ULN when BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN; chloride(mEq/L):low if <0.90*BL and BLULN or <0.90*LLN if BL missing or LLN≤BL ≤ULN, high if >1.10*BL and BL>ULN or >ULN and BL1.10* ULN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN; calcium(mg/dL):low if <0.75*BL and BLULN or <0.80*LLN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN, high if >1.25*BL and BL>ULN or >ULN if BL1.20*ULN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN ; bicarbonate(mEq/L):low if <0.75*BL when BLULN or <0.75*LLN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN, high if >1.25*BL when BL>ULN or >ULN (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: First dose of study drug (Day 1) to 30 days after last dose of blinded study drug

Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Results Meeting the Criteria for Marked Abnormality (Continued)

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Sodium (serum), low (n=1768, 1740)	Sodium (serum), high (n=1768, 1740)	Potassium (serum), low (n=1763, 1737)	Potassium (serum), high (n=1763, 1737)	Chloride (serum), low (n=1768, 1740)	Chloride (serum), high (n=1768, 1740)	Calcium (total), low (n=106, 109)	Calcium (total), high (n=106, 109)	Bicarbonate, low (n=1664, 1619)	Bicarbonate, high (n=1664, 1619)
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	6	2	8	28	3	1	0	0	0	0
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	2	1	6	20	0	0	0	0	0	0

ULN=upper limit of normal; LLN=lower limit of normal; BL=baseline. Creatine kinase (U/L), high:>5*ULN; protein, total(g/L):low if <0.90*BL when BLULN or <0.90*LLN when BL is missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN, high if >1.10*BL if BL>ULN or >ULN when BL1.10*ULN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN.Protein,total(g/L): low if <0.90*BL if BLULN or <0.90*LLN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN, high if >1.10*BL if BL>ULN or >ULN if BL1.10*ULN if BL or LLN≤BL≤ULN; glucose, serum fasting (mg/dL): low if <0.8*BL if BLULN or <0.8*LLN when BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN, high if >2*BL when BL>ULN or >ULN when BL1.5*ULN if BL missing or LLN≤BL≤ULN; uric acid (mg/dL), high: >2*BL and BL>ULN or>1.5*ULN when BL missing or BL≤ULN; glucose, urine, high; protein, urine, high; blood, urine, high; leukocyte esterase, urine, high; RBC count, urine (Hpf), high; WBC count, urine (Hpf), high: ≥2 if BL=missing,=0 or =0.5 or if ≥3 if BL=1, or if ≥4 and BL≥2. (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: First dose of study drug (Day 1) to 30 days after last dose of blinded study drug

Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), Adverse Events (AEs), Bleeding AEs, Discontinuations Due to AEs, and Death as Outcome

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Creatine kinase, low (n=2780, 2758)	Creatine kinase, high (n=2780, 2758)	Protein (total), low (n=103, 109)	Protein (total), high (n=103, 109)	Uric acid, low (n=386, 390)	Uric acid, high (n=386, 390)	Glucose (urine), low (n=2, 3)	Glucose (urine), high (n=2, 3)	Protein (urine), low (n=3, 5)	Protein (urine), high (n=3, 5)	Blood (urine), low (n=3, 5)	Blood (urine), high (n=3, 5)	Leukocyte esterase (urine), low (n=3,5)	Leukocyte esterase (urine), high (n=3,5)	Red blood cells (RBC) (urine), low (n=2,2)	RBC (urine), high (n=2,2)	White blood cells (urine), low (n=2,2)	WBC (urine), high (n=2,2)
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	0	25	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	0	13	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	0

AE=any new unfavorable symptom, sign, or disease or worsening of a preexisting condition that may not have a causal relationship with treatment. SAE=a medical event that at any dose results in death, persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or drug dependency/abuse; is life-threatening, an important medical event, or a congenital anomaly/birth defect; or requires or prolongs hospitalization. (NCT00496769)
Timeframe: First dose of study drug (Day 1) to 30 days after last dose of blinded study drug

Composite of Stroke, Systemic Embolism and Cardiovascular or Unexplained Death

A Bayesian model allowed for sequential evaluation of the primary endpoints, event rates reported per 100 patient-years (calculated as 100*N events/Total patient-years) (NCT00129545)
Timeframe: 5 years

Procedure Success

Implant procedure success is defined as the delivery and release of a WATCHMAN Device into the LAA. (NCT00129545)
Timeframe: Initial implant procedure

The Occurrence of Life-threatening Events, Including Device Embolization or Serious Bleeding Events

Serious bleeding events evaluated by the Clinical Events Committee included pericardial effusion requiring drainage, cranial bleeding events due to any source, gastrointestinal bleeds requiring transfusion, and any bleeding related to the device or procedure that necessitates an operation. (NCT00129545)
Timeframe: 5 years

Anti-Drug Antibodies

"Anti-drug antibodies were measured at baseline and 3 month after IMP application.~Number of patients with positive anti-drug antibodies compared to baseline are counted." (NCT01645306)
Timeframe: 3 month (+/- 1 month) after IMP application

Any Clinical Event

patients with any stroke & TIA, myocardial infarction & percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), death or bleeding within one year (365 days) after IMP application. (NCT01645306)
Timeframe: 365 days after IMP application

Major Bleedings

patients with major bleedings occuring within 90 days after IMP application (NCT01645306)
Timeframe: 90 days after IMP application

New DWI Lesion(s)

The number of new diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) lesion(s) reported. (1 day after intervention compared to baseline). (NCT01645306)
Timeframe: 1 day post intervention

Patients With Any Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

patients with any stroke or TIA occuring within 90 days after IMP application. (NCT01645306)
Timeframe: 90 days after IMP application

Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)

All adverse events were assessed during complete study period (~ 1 year after IMP application). (NCT01645306)
Timeframe: ~ 365 days after IMP application (whole study period)

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	AEs	SAEs	Bleeding AEs	Discontinuations due to AE	Deaths
Acetylsalicylic Acid, 81-324 mg Once Daily	1925	804	259	362	115
Apixaban, 2.5 or 5 mg Twice Daily	1833	657	281	266	91

Intervention	participants (Number)
	patients with adverse events	patients with drug related AEs	patients with serious AEs	patients with drug related serious AEs	patients with AE with fatal outcome events
120 mg Revacept	32	2	15	0	1
40 mg Revacept	41	10	17	4	0
Placebo	35	4	17	1	0

Article	Year
Antiplatelets, anticoagulants, and colonoscopic polypectomy. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2020, Volume: 91, Issue:2 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Deprescriptions; Embolism; Factor Xa Inhibitor	2020
Pharmacological secondary prevention in patients with mesenterial artery atherosclerosis and arterial embolism. Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology, 2017, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atherosclerosis; Embolism; Humans; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Secondary P	2017
Secondary Stroke Prevention in Cryptogenic Stroke and Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (ESUS). Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 2017, Volume: 17, Issue:9 Topics: Aspirin; Embolism; Humans; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Secondary Prevention; Stroke; Terminolog	2017
A systematic review of direct oral anticoagulant use in chronic kidney disease and dialysis patients with atrial fibrillation. Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2019, 02-01, Volume: 34, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Dabigatran; Embolism; Glomerular	2019
Antithrombotic strategies after interventional left atrial appendage closure: an update. Expert review of cardiovascular therapy, 2018, Volume: 16, Issue:9 Topics: Anticoagulants; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Aspirin; Atrial Appendage; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; H	2018
Thrombosis and embolism in pediatric cardiomyopathy. Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis : an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis, 2013, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive; Child; Disease Manage	2013
Apixaban: a review of its use for reducing the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Drugs, 2013, Volume: 73, Issue:8 Topics: Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; Fibrinolytic Agents; Humans; Pyrazoles; Pyridones; Stroke; W	2013
Edoxaban versus placebo, aspirin, or aspirin plus clopidogrel for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. An indirect comparison analysis. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2015, Volume: 114, Issue:2 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clopidogrel; Drug	2015
Aspirin Compared to Low Intensity Anticoagulation in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PloS one, 2015, Volume: 10, Issue:11 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; Hum	2015
[ESUS (embolic stroke of undetermined sources)]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2016, Volume: 74, Issue:4 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Clinical Trials as Topic;	2016
Managing chronic atrial fibrillation: strategies to control symptoms and prevent embolism. Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine, 2003, Volume: 70 Suppl 3 Topics: Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Chronic Disease; Echocardiogra	2003
Toward reducing embolic complications from endocarditis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2003, Sep-03, Volume: 42, Issue:5 Topics: Aspirin; Embolism; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Humans; Incidence; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Surv	2003
Thromboembolism risk reduction in multiple myeloma patients treated with immunomodulatory drug combinations. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 2006, Volume: 95, Issue:6 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Embolism; Factor V; He	2006
Warfarin for the prevention of systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2008, Volume: 94, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; Female; Huma	2008
Clinical benefit of early anticoagulation in cardioembolic stroke. Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; Heparin; Humans; Risk Factors; Secondary Pre	2008
[Antithrombotic treatment in chronic nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation]. Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 1993, Volume: 109, Issue:19 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Cerebral Infarction; Chronic Disease; Clinica	1993
[Controversies in prevention and therapy of thromboses and embolisms]. Der Internist, 1994, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Embolism; Heparin; Humans; Risk Factors; Thrombosis	1994
Management of atrial fibrillation in adults: prevention of thromboembolism and symptomatic treatment. Mayo Clinic proceedings, 1996, Volume: 71, Issue:2 Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Aspirin; Atrial Fibri	1996
Oral anticoagulant treatment with and without aspirin. Thrombosis and haemostasis, 1995, Volume: 74, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Angina, Unstable; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dipyridam	1995
Anticoagulation: risks and benefits in atrial fibrillation. Geriatrics, 1996, Volume: 51, Issue:6 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; Heart; Humans; Middle Age	1996
[Atrial fibrillation due to non-valvular causes: indications for antithrombotic therapy]. Medicina clinica, 1996, Apr-20, Volume: 106, Issue:15 Topics: Aged; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clinical Trials as To	1996
[The treatment of atrial fibrillation]. Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja, 1995, Volume: 111, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; Humans; Middle	1995
The cost and benefit of prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis in elective hip replacement. DVT/PE Prophylaxis Consensus Forum. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 1997, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Bandages; Clinical Protocols; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Trees; Emboli	1997
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibition in interventional cardiology. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis, 1999, Volume: 7, Issue:3 Topics: Abciximab; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Angina, Unstable; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Anti	1999
Antithrombotic agents in coronary artery disease. Chest, 2001, Volume: 119, Issue:1 Suppl Topics: Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coronary Disease; Embolism; Fibrinolytic Agents; Humans; Platelet	2001
A literature review on the antiphospholipid syndrome and the effect on childbearing. Midwifery, 2001, Volume: 17, Issue:2 Topics: Anticoagulants; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Aspirin; Embolism; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Diseases; F	2001
Antithrombotic agents: implications in dentistry. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics, 2002, Volume: 93, Issue:5 Topics: Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Blood Coagulation Tests; Clopidogrel; Dental Care; Drug Interactions; Embol	2002
The pathophysiology of transient cerebral ischemic attacks. The Medical clinics of North America, 1979, Volume: 63, Issue:4 Topics: Arteriosclerosis; Aspirin; Carotid Arteries; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cholesterol; Embolism; Endoc	1979
[Prophylactic value of platelet anti-aggregants in coronary disease]. La Clinica terapeutica, 1979, Oct-31, Volume: 91, Issue:2 Topics: Anticoagulants; Arteriosclerosis; Aspirin; Clofibrate; Coronary Disease; Dipyridamole; Embolism; Hea	1979
Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Chest, 1992, Volume: 102, Issue:4 Suppl Topics: Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Embolism; Heart Diseases; Humans; Thrombolytic Therapy; Warfarin	1992
How should results from completed studies influence ongoing clinical trials? The CAFA Study experience. Annals of internal medicine, 1991, Nov-15, Volume: 115, Issue:10 Topics: Aspirin; Atrial Fibrillation; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Com	1991

aspirin and Embolism

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (149)

Authors

Clinical Trials (31)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Adjudicated Composite of Non-fatal Stroke, Non-fatal Myocardial Infarction, or Cardiovascular Death

Adjudicated Fatal Bleed

Adjudicated Intracranial Hemorrhage

Adjudicated Ischaemic Stroke

Adjudicated Life-threatening Bleed

Adjudicated Recurrent Stroke

All-cause Death

Any Bleed (Investigator-reported)

Disabling Stroke

First Major Bleed (Adjudicated)

Abnormal Liver Function Test

Yearly Event Rate for Composite Endpoint of Stroke/SEE

Yearly Event Rate for Composite Endpoint of Stroke/SEE/All Cause Death

Yearly Event Rate: Composite of Stroke/SEE/PE/MI/Vascular Death

Bleeding Events (Major and Minor)

Clinical Relevant Abnormalities for Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Other Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH)

Number of Participants With Cardiovascular Death or Thromboembolic Event

Number of Participants With Composite Bleeding Endpoint of BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) 2, 3, or 5 Bleeds

Number of Participants With Death or First Thromboembolic Event (DTE)

Number of Participants With Death or First Thromboembolic Event (DTE)

Number of Participants With ISTH (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis) Major Bleeds

Number of Participants With Net-clinical Benefit

Number of Participants With Primary Bleeding Event (PBE)

Number of Participants With TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) Major / Minor Bleeds

Adjudicated Major Bleedings

Death From Any Cause (Cardiovascular and Noncardiovascular)

Occurrence of Stroke

First Occurence of Any Component of the Composite of Stroke, Non-Central Nervous System (Non-CNS) Systemic Embolism, Myocardial Infarction or Vascular Death as Per Adjudication

Apixaban Plasma Concentration, Cmax

Apixaban Plasma Concentration, Cmin

Area Under the Plasma Apixaban Concentration Curve From 0 to 12 Hours After Dose (AUCO-12)

Number of Participants Experiencing ISTH (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis) Major or Clinically Relevant Non-major Bleeding

Number of Participants Experiencing Mortality

Number of Participants Experiencing Stroke

Number of Participants Experiencing Stroke or Systemic Embolism

Number of Participants Experiencing Stroke, Systemic Embolism, Major Bleeding or All-cause Mortality

Number of Participants Experiencing Systemic Embolism

Persistence of Therapy

Event Rate for the Composite of Stroke of Any Type, Systemic Embolism, Myocardial Infarction, or Vascular Death During the Double-blind Treatment Period

Event Rate of Stroke/Systemic Embolism During the Intended-treatment Period

Rate of Unrefuted Bleeding From First Dose of Double-blind Study Drug to First Occurence of Unrefuted Bleeding During the Double-blind Treatment Period

Event Rate of All-cause Death; Net Clinical Benefit-Composite of Stroke, Systemic Embolism, Myocardial Infarction, Vascular Death, and Major Bleeding; and Vascular Death

Event Rates for Major Bleeding, Major or Clinically Relevant Nonmajor (CNRM) Bleeding, and All Bleeding in the Double-blind Period

Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Results Meeting the Criteria for Marked Abnormality

Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Results Meeting the Criteria for Marked Abnormality (Continued)

Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Results Meeting the Criteria for Marked Abnormality (Continued)

Number of Participants With Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), Adverse Events (AEs), Bleeding AEs, Discontinuations Due to AEs, and Death as Outcome

Composite of Stroke, Systemic Embolism and Cardiovascular or Unexplained Death

Procedure Success

The Occurrence of Life-threatening Events, Including Device Embolization or Serious Bleeding Events

Anti-Drug Antibodies

Any Clinical Event

Major Bleedings

New DWI Lesion(s)

Patients With Any Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies