asialo-gm1-ganglioside and Lupus-Erythematosus--Systemic

A high incidence of antibody to asialo GM1 was observed in the sera from the patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Behçet's disease with neurological manifestations, using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC) immunostaining. The sera from 60 out of 102 cases of SLE with neurological disorders and 6 out of 10 patients with neuro Behçet's disease showed antibody activity against asialo GM1 but not against the asialo GM2, GM1 and galactocerebroside. In 7 out of 123 cases SLE having a history without neurological manifestations and 1 out of 19 Behçet's patients without neurological disorders, antiasialo GM1 antibody could be detectable. However, sera from the patients with other autoimmune diseases, such as RA (60 cases) and P S S (32 cases) or from normal subjects did not show any antibody activity against asialo GM1. Antiasialo GM1 antibody activity presents in both IgM and IgG immunoglobulin classes by class specific ELISA and TLC immunostaining. These studies suggest that detection of antiasialo GM1 antibody may be useful in clinical diagnosis and these autoantibody plays a important role in the pathogenesis of neurological manifestations accompanying SLE and Neuro-Behçet's disease.

Topics: Antigen-Antibody Complex; Behcet Syndrome; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Nervous System Diseases

Topics: Animals; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cell Line; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glycosphingolipids; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mice; Nervous System Diseases; Rabbits

We used a liposome lysis assay to measure antibodies against a panel of glycolipids. Antibodies to one or more compounds were detected in 34 of 46 patients with multiple sclerosis, 19 of 31 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and in the majority of patients with cranial trauma or cerebrovascular accidents. Antibodies against ganglioside GM1 and asialo GM1 were found most commonly, and they were frequently present in the same sera. The specificity of the antibodies was tested in four sera that contained antibodies to both glycolipids. The anti-GM1 antibodies cross-reacted with asialo GM1, but the converse was not true. Among patients whose sera contained antibodies to glycolipids, anti-asialo GM1 alone was more common in patients with SLE (7 of 17) than in multiple sclerosis (2 of 34; p = 0.004). Anti-GM1 alone was found in 9 of 34 patients with multiple sclerosis and 1 of 17 patients with SLE, a difference that was not statistically significant (0.135). No correlation was observed between the presence of anti-glycolipid antibodies and symptoms related to the nervous system in patients with SLE. Because of our inability to detect these antibodies by a solid phase immunoassay (ELISA), a comparison was made of the titers obtained with three monoclonal anti-glycolipid antibodies in the liposome lysis assay and ELISA. The ELISA was less sensitive in all instances, requiring from four to 1000 times as much antibody as the liposome lysis assay to give a positive test. We conclude that antibodies to glycolipids occur frequently in patients with multiple sclerosis, SLE, major cranial trauma, and cerebrovascular accidents. Their role in the initiation or perpetuation of inflammatory disease of the central nervous system has yet to be determined.

Topics: Antibodies; Antibody Specificity; Binding Sites, Antibody; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Multiple Sclerosis

Topics: Antibodies; Antigen-Antibody Complex; G(M1) Ganglioside; Gangliosides; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Kinetics; Liposomes; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Multiple Sclerosis