ascorbic-acid and Precursor-T-Cell-Lymphoblastic-Leukemia-Lymphoma

Pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy resulting from overproduction of immature T-cells in the thymus and is typified by widespread alterations in DNA methylation. As survival rates for relapsed T-ALL remain dismal (10 to 25%), development of targeted therapies to prevent relapse is key to improving prognosis. Whereas mutations in the DNA demethylating enzyme TET2 are frequent in adult T-cell malignancies,

Topics: Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Ascorbic Acid; Azacitidine; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Dioxygenases; DNA Methylation; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drug Therapy, Combination; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Promoter Regions, Genetic; RNA-Seq; Tumor Cells, Cultured

A 10-year-old boy developed a perifollicular rash during interim maintenance of T-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Differential diagnoses included drug reaction and inflammatory process. Before diagnosis, the patient had a limited diet--low in vegetables and fruits--due to selective eating, with later anorexia and taste aversions due to chemotherapy treatment. Despite nutritional counselling and starting a multivitamin, the patient incurred severe weight loss (18.5% of his usual body weight). Serum levels of ascorbic acid were non-detectable, at <5 μmol/L, indicative of vitamin C deficiency. The patient began vitamin C supplementation containing 125 mg ascorbic acid three times a day for 7 days, then 125 mg once daily for 3 months to normalise serum vitamin C. After ascorbic acid treatment was completed, the patient started a complete multivitamin and made efforts to eat fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C. His serum ascorbic acid concentrations normalised to 52 μmol/L 3 months after receiving supplementation.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Child; Dietary Supplements; Directive Counseling; Energy Intake; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Fruit; Humans; Male; Patient Compliance; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Treatment Outcome; Vegetables; Vitamins; Weight Loss

Red-fleshed sweet orange juice (ROJ) comes from a new variety of citrus cultivated in Brazil that contains high levels of β-carotene and lycopene, and similar amounts of hesperidin (HSP) and nutrients, equivalently to blond orange juice (BOJ). Such bioactive compounds are associated with chemopreventive actions in several cancer cell lines. The purpose of this study was to examine the cytotoxicity, cell cycle, apoptosis, and cytokine secretion after BOJ, ROJ, and HSP treatment of a novel T acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, Loucy.. Loucy cells were incubated for 24-h with BOJ, ROJ, and HSP, and the viability was measured using trypan blue. Cell cycling and apoptosis were assessed by propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry, respectively. Secretion of cytokines IL-1α, IL1-β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IFNγ, TNFα, TGFβ, MIPα, and MIPβ was determined by ELISA array.. BOJ and ROJ treatments promoted Loucy cell cytotoxicity. Additionally, BOJ induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and decreased the cell accumulation in the G2/M. ROJ decreased only the G0/G1 fraction, while HSP did not change the cell cycle. BOJ led to apoptosis in a different fashion of ROJ, while the first treatment induced apoptosis by increase of late apoptosis and primary necrotic fractions, the second increased early and late apoptosis, and primary necrotic fraction compared to positive controls. HSP had no effect on apoptosis. IL-6 and IL-10 were abrogated by all treatments.. Taking together, these results suggest potential chemopreventive effects of BOJ and ROJ on Loucy cells.

Topics: Anticarcinogenic Agents; Apoptosis; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Citrus sinensis; Cytokines; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Hesperidin; Humans; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Lycopene; Plant Preparations; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma