ascorbic-acid and Pellagra

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Avitaminosis; Beriberi; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Pellagra; Rickets; Scurvy; Vitamins

After reviewing the literature on nicotinic acid in the treatment of schizophrenia, the authors present the results of the Canadian collaborative study. The data indicate that nicotinic acid has no therapeutic effect of schizophrenia.

Topics: Adrenochrome; Antipsychotic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; NAD; Nicotinic Acids; Pellagra; Phenothiazines; Pyridoxine; Schizophrenia

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; England; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Nutritional Sciences; Pellagra; Protein-Energy Malnutrition; Scurvy

Erythrocyte transketolase (ETK), glutathione reductase (EGR) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (EGPT) enzyme activities and coenzyme effects (in vitro coenzyme stimulation) were studied in 30 random, 10 primary hepatoma, and 3 pellagrins natives from Mozambique. Twenty-nine subjects of the random group exhibited ETK coenzyme effects below 20%. Urinary thiamine levels in this group were in normal or high ranges. The primary hepatoma group had 4 with ETK coenzyme effects above 30%, and 3 of the 4 had low level urinary thiamine excretions. Of the three pellagra patients in the study, none showed biochemical vitamin B1 deficiency. All primary hepatoma and 23 random natives had EGR coenzyme effects above 30%, but the daily urinary riboflavin excretions correlated with the coenzyme effect in only the random group. EGPT activities were spread over a wide range. The random group with high EGPT activity showed a correlation with low coenzyme effect, while the primary hepatoma group did not exhibit this correlation. After 4-day single-vitamin treatment, vitamin B1 increased total ETK and vitamin B2 increased total EGR (after in vitro coenzyme saturation). Vitamin B6 did not increase total EGPT. Vitamin B2 was less effective on total EGR in primary hepatoma than in random subjects.

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Ascorbic Acid; Black People; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Erythrocytes; Glutathione Reductase; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Pellagra; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; South Africa; Thiamine; Transketolase

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Beriberi; Data Collection; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Pellagra; Riboflavin; Rickets; Thiamine; Vitamin A; Vitamin D; Vitamin E; Vitamins; Xerophthalmia

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Beriberi; Child; Child, Preschool; Europe; Female; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Infant; Male; Nicotinic Acids; Pellagra; Rickets; Scurvy; Thiamine; United States; Vitamin A; Vitamin D; Vitamins

Topics: Age Factors; Ascorbic Acid; Brain Diseases; Dietary Carbohydrates; Food Hypersensitivity; Pellagra; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Ascorbic Acid; Avitaminosis; Child; Depression; Humans; Niacinamide; Pellagra; Suicide; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Africa; Ascorbic Acid; Black People; Ethnicity; Female; Hemosiderosis; Humans; Male; Models, Chemical; Pellagra; Scurvy; Tryptophan

Topics: Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Avitaminosis; Cognition Disorders; Female; Humans; Leukocytes; Male; Pellagra; Pyruvates; Thiamine Deficiency; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin B Deficiency

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Black People; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Fatty Acids; Gingivitis; Health Surveys; Humans; Keratosis; Male; Middle Aged; Nicotinic Acids; Pellagra; Riboflavin Deficiency; Rural Population; Skin Diseases; South Africa; Urban Population; Vitamin A Deficiency

Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cholesterol; Diet; Lysine; Niacin; Pellagra; Rats; Tryptophan

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Humans; Pellagra; Vitamins

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; Folic Acid; Humans; Laboratories; Pellagra; Vitamin A; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamin K; Vitamins