ascorbic-acid and Osteoarthritis--Knee

To evaluates the role of diet in determining knee osteoarthritis risk.. Literature search was conducted in Ovid, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer. To estimate knee osteoarthritis risk with high use of vegetarian, prudent, and omnivorous diets, dairy products, vitamin C/E, and carotenoids, the odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) reported by included studies were pooled.. Fifteen studies (97,157 individuals) were included. High use of vegetarian diet {OR 0.71 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45, 0.97]}, prudent diet [OR 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.98)/RR 0.89 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.97)], and dairy [OR 0.66 (95% CI: -0.08, 1.39)/RR 0.58 (95% CI: 0.41, 0.75)] were associated with lower risk of knee osteoarthritis but risk was relatively higher with high use of omnivorous diet [OR 1.13 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.30)/RR 1.06 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.29) and 1.05 (0.78, 1.33)]. High intake of vitamin C [OR 0.92 (0.29, 1.56)] or E [OR 0.93 (0.64, 1.21)] did not reduce knee osteoarthritis risk, but high use of carotenoids was associated with the lower risk [OR 0.66 (0.37, 0.96)].. Knee osteoarthritis risk is low with high use of vegetarian diet, prudent diet, and dairy, but cannt be reduced by high intakes of vitamin C/E.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; Diet; Humans; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Risk Factors; Vitamins

Considering the pathologic importance of oxidative stress and altered lipid metabolism in osteoarthritis (OA), this study aimed to investigate the effect of l-carnitine supplementation on oxidative stress, lipid profile, and clinical status in women with knee OA. We hypothesized that l-carnitine would improve clinical status by modulating serum oxidative stress and lipid profile. In this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 72 overweight or obese women with mild to moderate knee OA were randomly allocated into 2 groups to receive 750 mg/d l-carnitine or placebo for 8 weeks. Dietary intake was evaluated using 24-hour recall for 3 days. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid profile, visual analog scale for pain intensity, and patient global assessment of severity of disease were assessed before and after supplementation. Only 69 patients (33 in the l-carnitine group and 36 in the placebo group) completed the study. l-Carnitine supplementation resulted in significant reductions in serum MDA (2.46 ± 1.13 vs 2.16 ± 0.94 nmol/mL), total cholesterol (216.09 ± 34.54 vs 206.12 ± 39.74 mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (129.45 ± 28.69 vs 122.05 ± 32.76 mg/dL) levels compared with baseline (P < .05), whereas these parameters increased in the placebo group. Serum triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and TAC levels did not change significantly in both groups (P > .05). No significant differences were observed in dietary intake, serum lipid profile, MDA, and TAC levels between groups after adjusting for baseline values and covariates (P > .05). There were significant intragroup and intergroup differences in pain intensity and patient global assessment of disease status after supplementation (P < .05). Collectively, l-carnitine improved clinical status without changing oxidative stress and lipid profile significantly in women with knee OA.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Benzothiazoles; Body Mass Index; Carnitine; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Energy Intake; Female; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Motor Activity; Nutrition Assessment; Obesity; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Overweight; Oxidative Stress; Selenium; Sulfonic Acids; Thiobarbiturates; Triglycerides; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Zinc

The efficacy, tolerance and ease of administration of a nutraceutical, carprofen or meloxicam were evaluated in a prospective, double-blind study on 71 dogs with osteoarthritis. The client-owned dogs were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments or to a placebo control group. The influence of osteoarthritis on the dogs' gait was described by comparing the ground reaction forces of the arthritic dogs and 10 normal dogs. Before the treatments began, and 30 and 60 days later, measurements were made of haematological and biochemical variables and of the ground reaction forces of the arthritic limb, and subjective assessments were made by the owners and by the orthopaedic surgeons. Changes in the ground reaction forces were specific to the arthritic joint, and were significantly improved by carprofen and meloxicam but not by the nutraceutical; the values returned to normal only with meloxicam. The orthopaedic surgeons assessed that there had been an improvement with carprofen and meloxicam, but the owners considered that there had been an improvement only with meloxicam. The blood and faecal analyses did not reveal any changes. The treatments were well tolerated, except for a case of hepatopathy in a dog treated with carprofen.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Ascorbic Acid; Carbazoles; Chondroitin Sulfates; Chronic Disease; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Double-Blind Method; Gait; Glucosamine; Lameness, Animal; Manganese Compounds; Meloxicam; Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Stifle; Thiazines; Thiazoles; Treatment Outcome

Although vitamin C is essential for the formation of collagen and proteoglycan and has been shown to minimise surgically induced arthritis in guinea pigs, no controlled trial has examined its effect on human osteoarthritis.. The trial was a multicenter, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover-trial performed by ten general practitioners. The Declaration of Helsinki and the European guidelines for good clinical practice were strictly followed. One hundred and thirty-three patients with radiographically verified symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip joints and/or the knee joints were treated with one gram of calcium ascorbate or identically looking placebo tablets. The calcium ascorbate tablets and the placebo tablets should be swallowed daily for 14 +/- 3 days respectively, separated by 7 +/- 3 days wash out. The main outcome measure was difference on the 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain in a preselected joint. The secondary outcomes were Lequesne score for function and patient preference.. Calculated on an intention-to-treat principle, calcium ascorbate reduced pain significantly compared to placebo (p = 0.0078 by analysis of variance between groups (ANOVA) for difference in VAS, mean difference 4.6 mm (95% CI 1.2-8.0). Similar superiority was found for Lequesne index (p = 0.036, difference 0.56 (95% CI 0.04-1.08) and for patient preference (p = 0.012).. The demonstrated effect is less than half as pronounced as commonly reported for NSAID etc. If the finding can be reproduced with a smaller, acceptable intake of vitamin C this would be of importance considering the large prevalence of osteoarthrosis.

Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Calcium; Cross-Over Studies; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; Male; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Pain; Tablets; Treatment Outcome

A 16-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of a combination of glucosamine HCl (1,500 mg/day), chondroitin sulfate (1,200 mg/day), and manganese ascorbate (228 mg/day) in degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the knee or low back was conducted.. Thirty-four males from the U.S. Navy diving and special warfare community with chronic pain and radiographic DJD of the knee or low back were randomized. A summary disease score incorporated results of pain and functional questionnaires, physical examination scores, and running times. Changes were presented as a percentage of the patient's average score.. Knee osteoarthritis symptoms were relieved as demonstrated by the summary disease score (-16.3%; p = 0.05), patient assessment of treatment effect (p = 0.02), visual analog scale for pain recorded at clinic visits (-26.6%; p = 0.05) and in a diary (-28.6%; p = 0.02), and physical examination score (-43.3%; p = 0.01). Running times did not change. The study neither demonstrated, nor excluded, a benefit for spinal DJD. Side effect frequency was similar to that at baseline. There were no hematologic effects.. The combination therapy relieves symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. A larger data set is needed to determine the value of this therapy for spinal DJD. Short-term combination therapy appears safe in this setting.

Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Chondroitin Sulfates; Chronic Disease; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Glucosamine; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Manganese Compounds; Middle Aged; Military Personnel; Naval Medicine; Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Pain; Pilot Projects; Radiography; Running; Surveys and Questionnaires

To determine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of vitamin C and D intake with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of cartilage composition (T2) and joint structure (cartilage, meniscus, and bone marrow) using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) cohort.. A total of 1,785 subjects with radiographic Kellgren/Lawrence knee grades 0-3 in the right knee were selected from the OAI database. Vitamins C and vitamin D intake (diet, supplements, and total) were assessed using the Block Brief 2000 Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline. The MRI analysis protocol included 3T cartilage T2 quantification and semiquantitative joint morphology gradings (Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score [WORMS]) at baseline and 4 years. Linear regression was used to assess the association between standardized baseline vitamin intake and both baseline WORMS scores and standardized cartilage T2 values.. Higher vitamin C intake was associated with lower average cartilage T2 values, medial tibia T2 values, and medial tibia WORMS scores (standardized coefficient range -0.07 to -0.05, P < 0.05). Higher vitamin D intake was associated with a lower cartilage WORMS sum score and medial femur WORMS score (standardized coefficient range -0.24 to -0.09, P < 0.05). Consistent use of vitamin D supplements of 400 IU at least once a week over 4 years was associated with significantly less worsening of cartilage, meniscus, and bone marrow abnormalities (odds ratio range 0.40-0.56, P < 0.05).. Supplementation with vitamin D over 4 years was associated with significantly less progression of knee joint abnormalities. Given the observational nature of this study, future longitudinal randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation are warranted.

Topics: Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Cartilage, Articular; Diet; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Knee Joint; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Vitamin D

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration of the articular cartilage, changes in the physico-chemical properties of the synovial fluid and macroscopical modifications of the joint. Patients with Classes I and II of Knee OA can be treated with pharmacologic therapy. Vitamin C is key for both preventing inflammatory arthritis and maintaining healthy joints with OA.. The aim of our paper is to verify the effectiveness of the addition of vitamin c in nutriceutical drugs for the therapy of the knee arthritis in the young adult.. Group B has a lower VAS score at 6 and 12 months with p<0.05. Not statistical difference we found in KSS during all follow up. A better quality of life was founded in Group B at 12 months in group B(p<0.05) and less use of pain killers/monthly(p<0.05).. There is no denying that vitamin C benefits everybody, whether they have arthritis or not. Therefore, it is a good idea to maintain a healthy balance of vitamin C. Without a doubt, vitamin C benefits most people with early OA.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Knee Joint; Male; Middle Aged; Musculoskeletal Pain; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Pain Measurement; Young Adult

Knee pain is one of the most common symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) that affects the quality of life in the older adults, and identifying the contributing factors of knee pain is important. We hypothesized that higher fruit and vegetable consumption might be associated with the severity of knee pain lower prevalence of severe knee pain by affecting pain perception in the knee joint. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between self-reported knee pain and the consumption of fruits vegetables, carotenoids and vitamin C and self-reported knee pain.. Nationally representative cross sectional study.. 2010-2011 rounds of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.. A total of 6588 subjects aged ≥50 years were participated.. Severity of knee pain was estimated using a 10-point numeric rating scale (NRS). Daily intake of fruits, vegetables, and vitamins were estimated using data from 24-hour recalls and food frequency questionnaires.. The NRS scores of knee pain decreased significantly with increasing fruit and vegetable intake quartiles. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the fourth quartile of vegetable and fruit consumption was associated with decreased prevalence of severe knee pain (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.73) compared with first quartile of vegetable and fruit consumption; however, carotenoids and vitamin C consumption was not associated with the severity of knee pain.. In conclusion, severe knee pain was independently associated with fruit and vegetable consumption. Our findings suggest that intake of whole fruits and vegetables may help improve knee pain in older adults.

Topics: Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Female; Fruit; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Mental Recall; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Nutrition Assessment; Nutrition Surveys; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Pain; Prevalence; Republic of Korea; Self Report; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vegetables

To describe body composition (fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM)), strength, and nutritional characteristics of patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis undergoing total joint arthroplasty.. In this prospective pilot study, osteoarthritic patients underwent body composition assessment using bioelectrical impedance analysis, grip strength measurement, and completed a 24-h dietary recall during their pre-operative assessment.. Fifty-five patients were included (∼66% females, age 43-89 years). Mean ± SD body mass index (BMI) was 32.79 ± 6.48 kg/m(2) and 62% were obese. Compared with hip osteoarthritis patients, knee osteoarthritis patients had a higher BMI (P = 0.018) and males with knee osteoarthritis had a lower grip strength (P = 0.028). There was a wide range in FM and FFM values across the BMI spectrum. Patients with a higher FM index (FMI, FM/height in m(2)) had higher levels of pain (P = 0.036) and females with higher FMI had a lower grip strength (P = 0.048). Dietary under-reporting was common and many patients did not meet recommendations for protein, vitamins C and E, or omega-3 fatty acids. Those who consumed less protein than the recommended dietary allowance were older (P = 0.018).. A wide variability of body composition and dietary intake was observed which may impact strength and ultimately affect physical function. As such, patients with osteoarthritis may benefit from targeted nutrition and physical activity interventions before and after surgery.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ascorbic Acid; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Diet; Dietary Proteins; Electric Impedance; Exercise; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Hand Strength; Humans; Male; Mental Recall; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Obesity; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Vitamin E

The aim of the study is to examine the cross-sectional associations between dietary antioxidants (carotenoid, vitamin C, E, and selenium) intake and radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA). A total of 4685 participants were included in this study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Radiographic knee OA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade 2 in at least one leg. A multivariable logistic analysis model was established to test the relationship between dietary antioxidants (carotenoid, vitamin C, E, and selenium) intake and radiographic knee OA with adjustment of a number of potential confounding factors. A significant positive association between dietary vitamin C intake (P value for trend was 0.04 in multivariable adjusted analysis) and radiographic knee OA was observed. The relative odds of radiographic knee OA were increased by 0.39 times in the third quintile (OR 1.39, 95 % CI 1.11-1.73), 0.42 times in the fourth quintile (OR 1.42, 95 % CI 1.13-1.79), and 0.33 times in the fifth quintile (OR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.03-1.71). However, radiographic knee OA was not significantly associated with dietary carotenoid, vitamin E, and selenium. Among dietary antioxidants, dietary vitamin C intake was positively correlated with the prevalence of radiographic knee OA, while no significant association was found between dietary intake of carotenoid, vitamin E, and selenium and the prevalence of radiographic knee OA.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Knee Joint; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Odds Ratio; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Radiography; Selenium; Severity of Illness Index; Vitamin E

Nutritional imbalance, combined with endocrine abnormalities, may be involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). This study was conducted to determine the association of OA with dietary factors, such as quantity and quality of nutrient intake.. This case-control study enrolled 180 knee osteoarthritis (KOA) subjects who met the American College of Rheumatology definition of KOA, with an equal number of matched controls. Outcome measures, such as dietary nutrient intake and its frequency, were recorded using a food frequency questionnaire.. Compared to controls, cases were older individuals with a higher body mass index (BMI). Physical activity scores were lower in female cases compared to male cases and controls. A significantly higher intake of phosphorus and fat was observed in overall cases (fat in females only). A significantly lower intake of vitamin C and vitamin D was observed in overall cases and the significance of vitamin D persisted on gender-wise bifurcation. On multiple logistic regression analysis, the intake of vitamin D (odds ratio [OR] = 0.79) and vitamin C (OR = 0.97) was inversely associated with the presence of KOA in the observation group, especially in females. Generally, the intake of food servings/day, green leafy vegetables (GLVs), and fats/oils was higher, whereas the intake of fruits, milk/milk products, and meat/poultry was lower in cases compared to controls.. Low intake of vitamin D and vitamin C is a possible risk factor for KOA. Certain food groups, such as fruits, milk/milk products, and meat/poultry are beneficial for KOA. Further studies are needed to elucidate the associations between diet and KOA.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies; Diet; Diet Surveys; Dietary Fats; Female; Food; Humans; Male; Motor Activity; Odds Ratio; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Phosphorus, Dietary; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Vitamin D; Vitamins

This study's objectives were to investigate the prevalence of self-reported knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) stratified by age and sex and to examine the association of modifiable factors with knee and hip OA prevalence. The study was conducted using randomly sampled data gathered from four communities in the province of Alberta, Canada.. A large adult population sample (N = 4733) of individuals ≥18 years were selected. Health-related information was collected through telephone interviews and community measurement clinics for which a sub-sample (N = 1808) attended. Participants self-reported OA during telephone interviews. Clinic interviews further assessed if the diagnosis was made by a health care professional. Statistical analyses compared prevalence of OA between sexes and across age categories. Associations between modifiable factors for OA and the prevalence of knee and hip OA were assessed using binary logistic regression modelling.. Overall prevalence of self-reported OA in the total sample was 14.8 %, where 10.5 % of individuals reported having knee OA and 8.5 % reported having hip OA. Differences in prevalence were found for males and females across age categories for both knee and hip OA. In terms of modifiable factors, being obese (BMI >30 kg/m2) was significantly associated with the prevalence of knee (OR: 4.37; 95 % CI: 2.08,9.20) and hip (OR: 2.52; 95 % CI: 1.17,5.43) OA. Individuals who stand or walk a lot, but do not carry or lift things during their occupational activities were 2.0 times less likely to have hip OA (OR: 0.50; 95 % CI: 0.26,0.96). Individuals who usually lift or carry light loads or have to climb stairs or hills were 2.2 times less likely to have hip OA (OR: 0.45; 95 % CI: 0.21,0.95). The odds of having hip OA were 1.9 times lower in individuals consuming recommended or higher vitamin C intake (OR: 0.52; 95 % CI: 0.29,0.96). Significant differences in prevalence were found for both males and females across age categories.. The prevalence of knee and hip OA obtained in this study is comparable to other studies. Females have greater knee OA prevalence and a greater proportion of women have mobility limitations as well as hip and knee pain; it is important to target this sub-group.

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Alberta; Ascorbic Acid; Female; Hip Joint; Humans; Knee Joint; Lifting; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Mobility Limitation; Musculoskeletal Pain; Obesity; Osteoarthritis, Hip; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Posture; Prevalence; Self Report; Sex Factors; Vitamins; Walking

Previous studies suggest that the antioxidants vitamins C and E may protect against development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). We examined the association of circulating levels of vitamin C and E with incident whole knee radiographic OA (WKROA).. We performed a nested case-control study of incident WKROA in MOST, a cohort of 3,026 men and women aged 50-79 years with, or at high risk of, knee OA. Incident cases were knees without either tibiofemoral (TF) or patellofemoral (PF) OA at baseline that developed TF and/or PF OA by 30-month follow-up. Two control knees per case were selected from those eligible for WKROA that did not develop it. Vitamin C and E (alpha-tocopherol) assays were done on baseline supernatant plasma (PCA) and serum samples, respectively. We examined the association of gender-specific tertiles of vitamin C and E with incident WKROA using logistic regression with GEE, adjusting for age, gender, and obesity.. Subjects without WKROA at baseline who were in the highest tertile of vitamin C had a higher incidence of WKROA [adjusted OR = 2.20 (95% CI: 1.12-4.33); P-value = 0.021], with similar results for the highest tertile of vitamin E [adjusted OR = 1.89 (1.02-3.50); P-value = 0.042], compared to those in the lowest tertiles. P-values for the trend of vitamin C and E tertiles and incident WKROA were 0.019 and 0.030, respectively.. Higher levels of circulating vitamin C and E did not provide protection against incident radiographic knee OA, and may be associated with an increased risk of knee OA.

Topics: Aged; Alabama; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Case-Control Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Iowa; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Radiography; Reference Values; Risk Factors; Vitamin E

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Humans; Inflammation; Osteoarthritis, Knee

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Female; Humans; Male; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Vitamin E

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Female; Humans; Male; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Vitamin E

To evaluate the association between vitamin C supplementation and the incidence and progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA).. Prospective cohort study.. Clearwater Osteoarthritis Study (COS): (1988 to the present) a longitudinal study.. Male and female COS participants aged 40 years and above (n 1023). The study exposure was the participants' self-reported history of vitamin C supplementation. The participants underwent biennial, sequential knee radiographs, which were assessed using the Kellgren-Lawrence ordinal scale to determine evidence of the study 2 outcomes: incident radiographic knee OA (RKOA) and progression of RKOA.. Individuals without baseline knee OA who self-reported vitamin C supplement usage were 11% less likely to develop knee OA than were those individuals who self-reported no vitamin C supplement usage (risk ratio (RR)=0.89, 95% CI 0.85, 0.93). Among those participants with RKOA at baseline, vitamin C supplement usage did not demonstrate an association with RKOA progression (RR=0.94, 95% CI 0.79, 1.22).. In the present prospective cohort study, we found no evidence to support a protective role of vitamin C in the progression of knee OA. However, after controlling for confounding variables, these data suggest that vitamin C supplementation may indeed be beneficial in preventing incident knee OA. Given the massive public health burden of OA, the use of a simple, widely available and inexpensive supplement to potentially reduce the impact of this disease merits further consideration.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cohort Studies; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Incidence; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Prospective Studies; Radiography; Self Disclosure

The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of dietary antioxidants on knee structure in a cohort of healthy, middle-aged subjects with no clinical knee osteoarthritis. Two hundred and ninety-three healthy adults (mean age = 58.0 years, standard deviation = 5.5) without knee pain or knee injury were selected from an existing community-based cohort. The intake of antioxidant vitamins and food sources by these individuals was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. The cartilage volume, bone area, cartilage defects and bone marrow lesions were assessed approximately 10 years later using magnetic resonance imaging. In multivariate analyses, higher vitamin C intake was associated with a reduced risk of bone marrow lesions (odds ratio = 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.29-0.87, P = 0.01) and with a reduction in the tibial plateau bone area (beta = -35.5, 95% CI = -68.8 to -2.3, P = 0.04). There was an inverse association between fruit intake and the tibial plateau bone area (beta = -27.8, 95% CI = -54.9 to -0.7, P = 0.04) and between fruit intake and the risk of bone marrow lesions (odds ratio = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.52-0.99, P = 0.05). Neither fruit intake nor vitamin C intake was significantly associated with the cartilage volume or cartilage defects. Lutein and zeaxanthin intake was associated with a decreased risk of cartilage defects (odds ratio = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51-0.99, P = 0.04), and vitamin E intake tended to be positively associated with the tibial plateau bone area (beta = 33.7, 95% CI = -3.1 to 70.4, P = 0.07) only after adjusting for vitamin C intake. The beta-cryptoxanthin intake was inversely associated with the tibial plateau bone area after adjusting for vitamin E intake (beta = -33.2, 95% CI = -63.1 to -3.4, P = 0.03). Intake of vegetables and other carotenoids was not significantly associated with cartilage or bone measures. The present study suggests a beneficial effect of fruit consumption and vitamin C intake as they are associated with a reduction in bone size and the number of bone marrow lesions, both of which are important in the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis. While our findings need to be confirmed by longitudinal studies, they highlight the potential of the diet to modify the risk of osteoarthritis.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Bone Marrow; Cartilage, Articular; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Female; Fruit; Humans; Knee Joint; Life Style; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vegetables

Oxidative stress leads to increased risk for osteoarthritis (OA) but the precise mechanism remains unclear. We undertook this study to clarify the impact of oxidative stress on the progression of OA from the viewpoint of oxygen free radical induced genomic instability, including telomere instability and resulting replicative senescence and dysfunction in human chondrocytes. Human chondrocytes and articular cartilage explants were isolated from knee joints of patients undergoing arthroplastic knee surgery for OA. Oxidative damage and antioxidative capacity in OA cartilage were investigated in donor-matched pairs of intact and degenerated regions of tissue isolated from the same cartilage explants. The results were histologically confirmed by immunohistochemistry for nitrotyrosine, which is considered to be a maker of oxidative damage. Under treatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS; 0.1 micromol/l H2O2) or an antioxidative agent (ascorbic acid: 100.0 micromol/l), cellular replicative potential, telomere instability and production of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) were assessed in cultured chondrocytes. In tissue cultures of articular cartilage explants, the presence of oxidative damage, chondrocyte telomere length and loss of GAG to the medium were analyzed in the presence or absence of ROS or ascorbic acid. Lower antioxidative capacity and stronger staining of nitrotyrosine were observed in the degenerating regions of OA cartilages as compared with the intact regions from same explants. Immunostaining for nitrotyrosine correlated with the severity of histological changes to OA cartilage, suggesting a correlation between oxidative damage and articular cartilage degeneration. During continuous culture of chondrocytes, telomere length, replicative capacity and GAG production were decreased by treatment with ROS. In contrast, treatment with an antioxidative agent resulted in a tendency to elongate telomere length and replicative lifespan in cultured chondrocytes. In tissue cultures of cartilage explants, nitrotyrosine staining, chondrocyte telomere length and GAG remaining in the cartilage tissue were lower in ROS-treated cartilages than in control groups, whereas the antioxidative agent treated group exhibited a tendency to maintain the chondrocyte telomere length and proteoglycan remaining in the cartilage explants, suggesting that oxidative stress induces chondrocyte telomere instability and catabolic changes in cartilage matrix structure and composition. Our f

Topics: Aged; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cartilage, Articular; Cell Division; Cells, Cultured; Cellular Senescence; Chondrocytes; Disease Progression; DNA Replication; Female; Free Radicals; Genomic Instability; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Middle Aged; Organ Culture Techniques; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Telomere; Tyrosine

To evaluate the dehydroascorbate (DHA) transport mechanisms in human chondrocytes.. The transport of L-(14)C-DHA in human chondrocytes was analyzed under various conditions, including the use of RNA interference (RNAi), to determine the role of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and GLUT-3 in L-14C-DHA transport and to evaluate the effects of physiologically relevant oxygen tensions on L-14C-DHA transport. In order to estimate the contributions of reduced ascorbic acid (AA) and DHA to intracellular ascorbic acid (Asc), the quantities of AA and DHA were measured in synovial fluid samples from osteoarthritis (OA) patients and compared with the reported levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.. DHA transport in human chondrocytes was glucose-sensitive, temperature-dependent, cytochalasin B-inhibitable, modestly stereoselective for L-DHA, and up-regulated by low oxygen tension. Based on the RNAi results, GLUT-1 mediated, at least in part, the uptake of DHA, whereas GLUT-3 had a minimal effect on DHA transport. DHA constituted a mean 8% of the total Asc in the synovial fluid of OA joints, in contrast to 80% of the reported total Asc in RA joints.. We provide the first evidence that chondrocytes transport DHA via the GLUTs and that this transport mechanism is modestly selective for L-DHA. In the setting of up-regulated DHA transport at low oxygen tensions, DHA would contribute 26% of the total intracellular Asc in OA chondrocytes and 94% of that in RA chondrocytes. These results demonstrate that DHA is a physiologically relevant source of Asc for chondrocytes, particularly in the setting of an inflammatory arthritis, such as RA.

Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Ascorbic Acid; Biological Transport; Cartilage, Articular; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Chondrocytes; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Dehydroascorbic Acid; Gene Expression; Knee Joint; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA Interference; RNA, Messenger; RNA, Small Interfering; Up-Regulation

To determine whether ascorbic acid might be of benefit for the treatment of spontaneous osteoarthritis (OA) when administered over a long period of time.. We investigated the effects of 8 months' exposure to low, medium, and high doses of ascorbic acid on the in vivo development of histologic knee OA in the male Hartley guinea pig. The low dose represented the minimum amount needed to prevent scurvy. The medium dose was the amount present in standard laboratory guinea pig chow and resulted in plasma levels comparable with those achieved in a person consuming 200 mg/day (5 fruits and vegetables daily). The high dose was the amount shown in a previous study of the guinea pig to slow the progression of surgically induced OA.. We found an association between ascorbic acid supplementation and increased cartilage collagen content but, in contrast to findings in a previous study of surgically induced OA in the guinea pig, ascorbic acid worsened the severity of spontaneous OA. Active transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) was expressed in marginal osteophytes, whose size and number were significantly increased with increasing intake of ascorbic acid. Synovial fluid levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, a biomarker of cartilage turnover, corroborated the histologic findings.. Ascorbic acid has been shown to activate latent TGF beta. Prolonged intraarticular exposure to TGF beta has been shown to cause OA-like changes. We found expression of active TGF beta in osteophytes, a prominent feature of the joint histology seen in association with ascorbic acid treatment. Thus, the deleterious effects of prolonged ascorbic acid exposure may be mediated in part by TGF beta. This worsening of OA with ascorbic acid supplementation suggests that ascorbic acid intake should not be supplemented above the currently recommended dietary allowance (90 mg/day for men and 75 mg/day for women).

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Bone Density; Cartilage; Collagen; Disease Models, Animal; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Glycoproteins; Guinea Pigs; Least-Squares Analysis; Male; Matrilin Proteins; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Scurvy; Severity of Illness Index; Synovial Fluid; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Weight Gain

To study the influence of dietary vitamins and selenium on mechanically-induced osteoarthritis (OA) and the expression of antioxidative enzymes in male STR/1N and Balb/c mice. Male STR/1N mice are prone to develop OA caused by a varus deformity-induced mechanical overload of the medial tibial plateau.. After 12 months of feeding (special diet supplemented with the vitamins E, C, A, B6, B2, and selenium) serial histological sections of the knee joints were evaluated for development of osteoarthritic changes (grade 0-4). Serum glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-px) was measured photometrically. Expression of antioxidative enzymes was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry.. All control STR/1N mice showed OA lesions (grade 3-4) while the special diet decreased OA incidence significantly down to approximately 65% (mostly grade 2). Even in Balb/c mice the incidence was decreased by the special diet from approximately 21% (control animals; grade 1) to approximately 14%. Serum GSH-px activity increased diet-dependently in both mouse strains but was generally higher in Balb/c mice. In both mouse strains the special diet increased the expression of GSH-px and Cu/Zn-SOD in articular cartilage while there was no expression of Mn-SOD. There was also a special diet-dependent increase in expression of GSH-px in the synovium of both mouse strains while an increase in expression of Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD could only be seen in the synovium of STR/1N mice.. A diet supplemented with vitamins/selenium might be important in prevention or therapy of mechanically induced OA. We hypothesize that free oxygen radical species might be involved in the mechanical induction of OA.

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Glutathione Peroxidase; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Knockout; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; Selenium; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Vitamins