ascorbic-acid and Nausea

Oral sodium sulfate (OSS) solution and low-volume polyethylene glycol-based solutions are two of the more common low-volume purgatives used as colonoscopy preparations. Data on how these different low-volume solutions compare are mixed. Our aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare OSS with low-volume polyethylene glycol solutions (PEG) plus ascorbic acid (PEG + Asc) solution with respect to (i) satisfactory bowel preparation, (ii) excellent bowel preparation, and (iii) tolerability.. Studies were identified by searching 10 medical databases for reports published from 1974 until 2019. Only fully published RCTs comparing OSS and low-volume PEG-based products with regard to overall satisfactory bowel preparation were included. Pooling was conducted by both fixed-effects and random effects models; results are presented from the random effects model when heterogeneity was significant.. Seven studies (involving 2049 subjects) met the inclusion criteria. There was no difference between OSS and PEG + Asc with respect to adequate bowel preparation (risk ratio [RR] 1.02 [0.99-1.06]; P = 0.16). OSS did result in a higher chance of excellent bowel preparation (RR 1.18 [1.06-1.31]; P = 0.03). OSS was associated with a 30% increased risk of nausea (RR 1.35 [1.03-1.77]; P = 0.03) and more than double the risk of vomiting (RR 2.30 [1.63-2.23]; P < 0.05) compared with PEG + Asc. Begg's funnel plot indicated low probability of publication bias.. Individuals at low risk of inadequate bowel preparation who use OSS for bowel preparation are more likely to achieve excellent bowel preparation, but are more likely to experience nausea and vomiting than are individuals using low-volume PEG-based solutions.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cathartics; Colonoscopy; Humans; Nausea; Polyethylene Glycols; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sulfates; Vomiting

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Compared with adults, children with SARS-CoV-2 infection may have fewer and less severe symptoms. Gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly reported in children, sometimes as the only manifestation of the disease, and most often manifest as anorexia, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, or abdominal pain. Although most children have asymptomatic or mild disease, 10 % of those infected may experience serious or critical disease, or even death. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome is a rare but serious condition recently reported in children with COVID-19. Studies indicate that children with obesity are at higher risk of developing severe COVID-19, and inflammation associated with obesity could be one of the factors that worsens COVID-19 symptoms due to an increased inflammatory response involving molecules such as interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein. On the other hand, evidence has been reported of a higher protein expression of ACE2 in the visceral adipose tissue of obese and malnourished humans, and this could be associated with complications and severity of COVID-19. Therefore, regulation of the intake of macronutrients or micronutrients could be used as a strategy to reduce the consequences of COVID-19. Diet in general and bioactive compounds could play an important role in the prevention of the inflammatory cascade. The micronutrients with the most evidence suggesting a role in immune support are vitamins C and D, zinc, and polyphenols.. La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) está causada por el virus “síndrome respiratorio agudo severo-coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2). En comparación con los adultos, los niños con infección por SARS-CoV-2 pueden tener menos síntomas y estos pueden ser menos graves. Los síntomas gastrointestinales se informan comúnmente en los niños, a veces como única manifestación de la enfermedad. Los más comunes son anorexia, diarrea, náuseas y vómitos, y dolor abdominal. Aunque la mayoría de los niños tienen un cuadro leve o asintomático, el 10 % de los infectados pueden experimentar un cuadro grave o crítico, e incluso la muerte. El síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico es una afección poco común, pero grave, que se documentó recientemente en niños con COVID-19. Los estudios indican que los niños con obesidad tienen mayor riesgo de desarrollar COVID-19 grave, y la inflamación asociada con la obesidad podría ser uno de los factores que empeoran los síntomas de la COVID-19 debido a una respuesta inflamatoria aumentada en donde se ven involucradas moléculas como la interleucina 6, el factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y la proteína quimioatrayente de monocitos. Por otro lado, se ha encontrado evidencia de una mayor expresión proteica de ACE2 en el tejido adiposo visceral de los seres humanos obesos y desnutridos, y esto podría estar asociado a las complicaciones y la severidad de la COVID-19. Por tanto, la regulación de la ingesta de macronutrientes o micronutrientes podría utilizarse como estrategia para reducir las consecuencias de la enfermedad. La dieta en general y los compuestos bioactivos podrían desempeñar un papel importante en la prevención de la cascada inflamatoria. Los micronutrientes con mayor evidencia indicativa de que desempeñan un papel en el apoyo inmunológico son las vitaminas C y D, el zinc y los polifenoles.

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Anorexia; Ascorbic Acid; Child; COVID-19; Diarrhea; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Nausea; Overweight; Oxidative Stress; Pediatric Obesity; Polyphenols; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Thinness; Vitamin D; Vitamins; Vomiting; Zinc

Standard-volume polyethylene glycol (PEG) gut lavage solutions are safe and effective, but they require the consumption of large volumes of fluid. A new lower-volume solution of PEG plus ascorbic acid has been used recently as a preparation for colonoscopy.. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the performance of low-volume PEG plus ascorbic acid with standard-volume PEG as bowel preparation for colonoscopy.. Electronic and manual searches were performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the performance of low-volume PEG plus ascorbic acid with standard-volume PEG as bowel preparation for colonoscopy. After a methodological quality assessment and data extraction, the pooled estimates of bowel preparation efficacy during bowel cleansing, compliance with preparation, willingness to repeat the same preparation, and the side effects were calculated. We calculated pooled estimates of odds ratios (OR) by fixed- and/or random-effects models. We also assessed heterogeneity among studies and the publication bias.. Eleven RCTs were identified for analysis. The pooled OR for preparation efficacy during bowel cleansing and for compliance with preparation for low-volume PEG plus ascorbic acid were 1.08 (95% CI = 0.98-1.28, P = 0.34) and 2.23 (95% CI = 1.67-2.98, P<0.00001), respectively, compared with those for standard-volume PEG. The side effects of vomiting and nausea for low-volume PEG plus ascorbic acid were reduced relative to standard-volume PEG. There was no significant publication bias, according to a funnel plot.. Low-volume PEG plus ascorbic acid gut lavage achieved non-inferior efficacy for bowel cleansing, is more acceptable to patients, and has fewer side effects than standard-volume PEG as a bowel preparation method for colonoscopy.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cathartics; Colonoscopy; Databases, Factual; Humans; Nausea; Odds Ratio; Polyethylene Glycols; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Vomiting

An adequate level of bowel preparation before colonoscopy is important. The ideal agent for bowel preparation should be effective and tolerable.. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and tolerability of polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid and oral sulfate solution in a split method for bowel preparation.. This was a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial.. Outpatients at the specialized clinics were included.. A total of 186 subjects were randomly assigned. After exclusions, 84 subjects in the polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid group and 83 subjects in the oral sulfate solution group completed the study and were analyzed.. Polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid or oral sulfate solution in a split method was the included intervention.. The primary end point was the rate of successful bowel preparation, which was defined as being excellent or good on the Aronchick scale. Tolerability and adverse events were also measured.. Success of bowel preparation was not different between 2 groups (91.7% vs 96.4%; p = 0.20), and the rate of adverse GI events (abdominal distension, pain, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal discomfort) was not significantly different between the 2 groups. In contrast, the mean intensity of vomiting was higher in the oral sulfate solution group than in the polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid group (1.6 ± 0.9 vs 1.9 ± 1.1; p = 0.02).. All of the colonoscopies were performed in the morning, and the subjects were offered enhanced instructions for bowel preparation. In addition, the results of tolerability and adverse effect may have a type II error, because the number of cases was calculated for confirming the efficacy of bowel preparation.. Oral sulfate solution is effective at colonoscopy cleansing and has acceptable tolerability when it is compared with polyethylene glycol with ascorbic acid. The taste and flavor of oral sulfate solution still need to be improved to enhance tolerability.

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Cathartics; Colonoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Polyethylene Glycols; Preoperative Care; Single-Blind Method; Sulfates; Surface-Active Agents; Vomiting

Inadequate bowel cleansing is a major burden for endoscopy units. The aim of this study was to compare two intensive bowel cleansing regimens in patients with previous colonoscopy with inadequate bowel preparation.. Patients with inadequate cleansing at index colonoscopy were randomized to 4-L split-dose polyethylene-glycol (PEG) regimen vs. 2-L split-dose PEG plus ascorbic acid (PEG+Asc) regimen. All individuals underwent a 3-day low-residue diet and received 10 mg of bisacodyl, the day before colonoscopy. Cleansing was considered to be adequate if the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale scored ≥2 at each colonic segment. A non-inferiority analysis was performed to demonstrate that colonic cleansing with 2-L PEG+Asc was not inferior to 4-l PEG, considering a non-inferiority margin of 10%.. Adequate bowel cleansing was significantly higher in patients assigned to 4-L PEG regimen (n=127) vs. those randomized to 2-L PEG+Asc regimen (n=129) by intention-to-treat analysis (81.1 vs. 67.4%, odds ratio (OR) 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.163-3.689)) and by per-protocol analysis (86.6 vs. 71.7%, OR: 2.55, 95% CI: (1.316-4.922)). The study was terminated for futility after the interim analysis, because the 95% CI of the difference of proportions was 3.13-24.27% in the intention-to-treat analysis and 3.33-26.47% in the per-protocol analysis, confirming the superiority of 4-L PEG preparation.. After 3-day low-residue diet and oral bisacodyl before colonoscopy, colon cleansing with 4-L split-dose PEG was superior to 2-L split-dose PEG+Asc in patients with previous inadequate cleansing. (EUDRACT: 2013-002506-31, NCT02073552).

Topics: Adenoma; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Bisacodyl; Cathartics; Cecum; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Dietary Fiber; Early Termination of Clinical Trials; Female; Humans; Intention to Treat Analysis; Intubation, Gastrointestinal; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Polyethylene Glycols; Vitamins

The quality of colon cleansing and the tolerability of anterograde preparation are essential to the success of colorectal cancer screening.. To compare the tolerability and efficacy of low-volume preparations vs the standard regimen in individuals scheduled for an early morning colonoscopy.. Participants in a population-based colorectal cancer screening program using the fecal immunochemical test who were scheduled for a colonoscopy from 09:00 a.m. to 10:20 a.m. were prospectively included and assigned to: (1) control group (PEG-ELS 4L): PEG 4L and electrolytes; (2) group AscPEG-2L: a combination of PEG and ascorbic acid 2L; and (3) group PiMg: sodium picosulfate and magnesium citrate 500 mL plus 2L of clear fluids. Tolerability was evaluated with a questionnaire and the quality of bowel preparation with the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale.. A total of 292 participants were included: 98 in the PEG-ELS 4L control group, 96 in the AscPEG-2L study group and 98 in the PiMg study group. Low-volume treatments were better tolerated than the standard solution (AscPEG-2L 94.8% and PiMg 93.9% vs PEG-ELS 4L 75.5%; p < 0.0001). The effectiveness of AscPEG-2L was superior to that of PEG-ELS 4L and PiMg (p = 0.011 and p = 0.032, respectively). Patient acceptance was higher for single-dose than for split-dose administration but efficacy was higher with the split dose than with other doses.. In early morning colonoscopies, ascPEG-2L appears to be the best option, especially when administered in a split-dose.

Topics: Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Cathartics; Citrates; Citric Acid; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Defecation; Dizziness; Drug Administration Schedule; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Organometallic Compounds; Pain; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Picolines; Polyethylene Glycols; Prospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vomiting

Performance of polyethylene glycol solution (PEG) is often unsatisfactory as bowel preparation agent for colonoscopy. In order to provide equivalent efficacy with better patient tolerance, sodium phosphate tablet (SPT) has been developed. This study was carried out to compare the efficacy and compliance of two bowel preparation methods: PEG with ascorbic acid (PEGA) vs. SPT preparation.. A multicenter, randomized controlled trial was performed. Primary efficacy variable was overall quality of colon cleansing assessed by Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS) during colonoscopy. Patient's satisfaction and adverse events were evaluated by means of symptom questionnaire completed by each patient immediately before colonoscopy.. A total of 189 patients were randomly assigned to undergo pre-colonoscopic bowel preparation with either SPT (n = 96) or PEGA (n = 93). Overall BBPS score was 8.3 ± 1.12 in the SPT group and 8.4 ± 0.96 in the PEGA group (p = 0.441). Among the 189 patients, 90 had polyps (47.6%) and 50 had adenomas (26.5%). The polyp/adenoma detection rate was 54.2% (n = 52)/27.1% (n = 26) for SPT group and 40.9% (n = 38)/25.8% (n = 24) for PEGA group (p = 0.079 and 0.790, respectively). More number of patients were unable to take the prescribed dose of PEGA compared with the SPT regimen (8.6% vs. 2.0%, p = 0.045). Overall satisfaction score was 7.9 ± 1.63 in the SPT group and 7.4 ± 1.53 in the PEGA group (p = 0.022).. Degree of colon preparation, polyp/adenoma detection rate and adverse effect were similar between SPT group and PEGA group. Patient compliance and satisfaction were greater in the SPT group.

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adenoma; Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Cathartics; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Patient Satisfaction; Phosphates; Polyethylene Glycols; Surveys and Questionnaires

Many patients report discomfort because of the unpleasant taste of bowel preparation solutions.. This study aimed to determine whether adding orange juice to 2 L of polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid is effective for reducing patient discomfort and improving palatability during bowel preparation.. This was a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial.. The study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital and a generalized hospital.. Consecutive outpatients and inpatients were randomly allocated to drink 2 L of polyethylene glycol-ascorbic acid or 2 L of polyethylene glycol-ascorbic acid with orange juice in a single dose or a split dose.. Tolerability, palatability score, willingness, and related adverse events were investigated by questionnaires. Bowel cleansing was rated using the Aronchick scale. Each score was graded on a 5-point scale.. A total of 107 patients, 53 in the orange juice group and 54 in the polyethylene glycol-ascorbic acid group who underwent elective colonoscopy were enrolled. The palatability score (mean ± SD) was higher in the orange juice group than in the control group (2.36 ± 0.76 vs 1.78 ± 0.88; p = 0.005). Nausea was less frequent in the orange juice group (26.4% vs 59.3%; p = 0.001). Total amount of bowel preparation ingested was not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.44). The bowel preparation score (mean ± SD) was not significantly different (1.49 ± 0.80 vs 1.43 ± 0.77; p = 0.94). Willingness to repeat the same process was higher in the orange juice group (90.4% vs 66.7%; p = 0.003).. This study is limited because only ambulatory patients were enrolled.. Orange juice intake before drinking 2 L of polyethylene glycol-ascorbic acid for colonoscopy can reduce patient discomfort, resulting in improved acceptability and patient compliance. This method is as effective for bowel cleansing as polyethylene glycol.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Beverages; Cathartics; Citrus; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Patient Preference; Polyethylene Glycols; Single-Blind Method; Surveys and Questionnaires; Taste; Vitamins

Previous reports have shown that bowel preparation can, in extremely rare circumstances, induce severe acute hyponatremia. Polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid as a bowel preparation is considered relatively safe with a smaller amount of free water load and a more pleasant taste with additives.We present the case of an 86-year-old man who developed severe acute hyponatremia presenting with tremor and impaired consciousness after colonoscopy, which is life-threatening. The severe hyponatremia in our case was not caused by free water loads from drinking large amounts of water during bowel preparation or hypovolemia due to bowel preparation-induced nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, but might have been due to non-osmotic stimuli of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release (i.e., pre-existing nausea, stress, anxiety, pain, stress, or the colonoscopy itself). Our study indicates that it is important to choose safer bowel preparation solutions, to be aware of ingested water volumes, to assess volume status, and also remain aware of other coexisting risk factors for acute hyponatremia, such as medical history, medication, and ADH release, especially in elderly patients.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Ascorbic Acid; Colonoscopy; Humans; Hyponatremia; Male; Nausea; Polyethylene Glycols

This paper presents a newborn (G2P2, gestational age of 39+6 weeks, birth weight of 3,200 g, with normal fetal amniotic fluid) with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to our hospital on February 10, 2020, at the birth age of 16 hours and 34 minutes. The Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min were 9 and 10 points, respectively.. The mother of the newborn was exposed to a patient with COVID-19 five days before delivery. The newborn had nausea and vomiting after birth, with feeding intolerance, and full enteral feeding was given on the 6th day after birth. The newborn was in good general condition during the period of hospitalization.. The two 2019-nCoV nucleic acid tests of the newborn were negative on the 5th and 7th days after birth. On the 1st and 8th days after birth, typical pulmonary lesions were detected in the newborn by chest CT. Our study supports that chest imaging examination should be actively performed in the newborn even with a negative 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test in cases where a pregnant woman is exposed to a patient with COVID-19 or is confirmed with 2019-nCoV infection.. For newborns with typical pulmonary lesions, strict quarantine measures are suggested if the possibility of COVID-19 cannot be excluded.

Topics: Ambroxol; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Breast Feeding; C-Reactive Protein; COVID-19; COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing; Expectorants; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lung; Male; Maternal Exposure; Nausea; Parenteral Nutrition; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Serum Amyloid A Protein; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vitamins; Vomiting

Intravenous ascorbic acid (IV AA) has been used extensively in cancer patients throughout the United States. Currently, there are limited data on the safety and clinical effects of IV AA. The purpose of this study was to expand the current literature using a retrospective analysis of adverse events and symptomatic changes of IV AA in a large sample of cancer patients.. We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients receiving IV AA for cancer at the Thomas Jefferson University Hospital over a 7-year period. We assessed all reports of adverse events, laboratory findings, and hospital or emergency department admissions. We also reviewed quality-of-life data, including fatigue, nausea, pain, appetite, and mood.. There were 86 patients who received a total of 3034 doses of IV AA ranging from 50 to 150g. In all, 32 patients received only ascorbic acid as part of their cancer management (1197 doses), whereas 54 patients received ascorbic acid in conjunction with chemotherapy (1837 doses). The most common adverse events related to ascorbic acid were temporary nausea and discomfort at the injection site. All events reported in the ascorbic acid alone group were associated with less than 3% of the total number of infusions. Patients, overall, reported improvements in fatigue, pain, and mood while receiving ascorbic acid.. The results of this retrospective analysis support the growing evidence that IV AA is generally safe and well tolerated in patients with cancer, and may be useful in symptom management and improving quality of life.

Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Affect; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Appetite; Ascorbic Acid; Cancer Pain; Fatigue; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Neoplasms; Quality of Life; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult

To compare nutrient intakes assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with those determined from food diaries.. A 100-item FFQ was administered to women at 15 weeks of pregnancy. Food diaries were kept for a 4-day period at 16 weeks of pregnancy.. Community-based study of a general population sample of pregnant women booked for delivery at the Princess Anne Maternity Hospital, Southampton, UK.. 603 women were recruited. Complete dietary data were provided by 569 women.. Nutrient intakes determined by FFQ were greater than those from food diaries. Spearman rank correlation coefficients for macronutrients ranged from 0.27 (protein and starch) to 0.37 (fat). Stronger correlations for energy, fat and carbohydrate were seen in women who did not experience nausea, suggesting that the level of agreement observed between the FFQ and food diary in the whole group may be an underestimate of the true agreement. The percentage of individuals classified to the same quarter of the distribution of nutrient intake by the FFQ and diaries ranged from 30% (starch) to 41% (calcium), with between 4% (riboflavin) and 8% (energy, protein and vitamin E) classified to the opposite quarters. Using serum vitamin C as an independent biomarker of intake, the percentage of individuals classified to the correct quarter of intake was similar for the FFQ and diary (34% and 37%), with 8% (FFQ) and 6% (diary) misclassified to the opposite quarter.. The FFQ appears to give meaningful estimates of nutrient intake in early pregnancy which can be used to rank individuals within the distribution.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Body Mass Index; Diet Records; Female; Humans; Nausea; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Surveys and Questionnaires

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Female; Humans; Hyperemesis Gravidarum; Nausea; Pregnancy; Vitamin K

Although most researchers are concerned with the major side effects of oral contraceptives, swelling, nausea, depression, poor circulation, and weight gain are labeled ''minor'' and ignored. A few researchers have found that these side effects seem related to nutritional depletion in oral contraceptive users, especially: 1) Vitamin-B6, which is linked to depression and tryptophan level abnormalities in pill users and may be associated with nausea and weight gain. Studies show a daily need 10-30 times greater than that for women not on the pill. 2) Folic acid deficiency, common among women but a 25% deficiency rate has been noted in pill users. This has been associated with cell malformation and may be a reason for the high spontaneous abortion rate in women who conceive immediately after discontinuing the pill. 3) B1 and B12, the vitamins affecting energy, skin, and hair. Although not linked to any side effects, levels are low in pill users. 4) Vitamin-C, definitely depleted in pill users. This may be part of the bodily change resulting in cardiac problems and thrombosis. Full vitamin supplementation is recommended for all women taking oral contraceptives, including these vitamins as well as Vitamin-E and bioflavinoids. Vitamin supplements are routine for pregnancy. They should also be routine for the pseudopregnancy of oral contraception.

Topics: Anthropometry; Ascorbic Acid; Biology; Body Weight; Central Nervous System; Child Development; Contraception; Contraceptives, Oral; Depression; Digestive System; Disease; Family Planning Services; Growth; Mental Disorders; Nausea; Physiology; Signs and Symptoms; Vitamin A; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins

Topics: Accidents, Occupational; Ascorbic Acid; Coma; Cyanosis; Environmental Exposure; Euphoria; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Hydrogen Sulfide; Nausea; Occupational Diseases; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; Petroleum; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Tachycardia

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bendroflumethiazide; Diuretics; Edema, Cardiac; Electrolytes; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Geriatrics; Heart Failure; Humans; Hypertension; Nausea; Potassium; Toxicology; Vitamin B Complex; Vomiting

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Female; Humans; Nausea; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 3; Vitamins; Vomiting

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Diethylstilbestrol; Humans; Nausea; Vitamins; Vomiting

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Female; Humans; Nausea; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 3; Vitamins; Vomiting

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Diethylstilbestrol; Estrogens; Folic Acid; Humans; Nausea; Vitamin B Complex; Vitamins; Vomiting