ascorbic-acid and Metabolic-Diseases

Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cystathionine; Diagnosis, Differential; Histidine; Humans; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Methionine; Milk Proteins; Phenylalanine; Rats; Testicular Diseases; Time Factors; Tyrosine

Topics: Adolescent; Ascorbic Acid; Biochemical Phenomena; Biochemistry; Child; Classification; Diet; Genetics, Medical; Glycine; Glycolates; Humans; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Infant; Kidney Calculi; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Nephrocalcinosis; Oxalates; Pathology; Terminology as Topic; Uremia; Urine; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency

There are concerns that weight-loss (WL) diets based on very low carbohydrate (LC) intake have a negative impact on antioxidant status and biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic health. Obese men (n 16) participated in a randomised, cross-over design diet trial, with food provided daily, at approximately 8.3 MJ/d (approximately 70 % of energy maintenance requirements). They were provided with two high-protein diets (30 % of energy), each for a 4-week period, involving a LC (4 % carbohydrate) and a moderate carbohydrate (MC, 35 % carbohydrate) content. Body weight was measured daily, and weekly blood samples were collected. On average, subjects lost 6.75 and 4.32 kg of weight on the LC and MC diets, respectively (P < 0.001, SED 0.350). Although the LC and MC diets were associated with a small reduction in plasma concentrations of retinol, vitamin E (α-tocopherol) and β-cryptoxanthin (P < 0.005), these were still above the values indicative of deficiency. Interestingly, plasma vitamin C concentrations increased on consumption of the LC diet (P < 0.05). Plasma markers of insulin resistance (P < 0.001), lipaemia and inflammation (P < 0.05, TNF-α and IL-10) improved similarly on both diets. There was no change in other cardiovascular markers with WL. The present data suggest that a LC WL diet does not impair plasma indices of cardiometabolic health, at least within 4 weeks, in otherwise healthy obese subjects. In general, improvements in metabolic health associated with WL were similar between the LC and MC diets. Antioxidant supplements may be warranted if LC WL diets are consumed for a prolonged period.

Topics: Adult; Aged; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cross-Over Studies; Cryptoxanthins; Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; Diet, Reducing; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Proteins; Endothelium, Vascular; Energy Intake; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Inflammation Mediators; Insulin Resistance; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Nutritional Requirements; Obesity; Risk Factors; Vitamin A; Weight Loss; Xanthophylls

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum ferritin level and antioxidative status and metabolic dysregulation in young adult obese population. This cross-sectional study included 300 subjects of either sex, grouped as obese and non-obese subjects. The body mass index, total iron binding capacity, fasting blood glucose, superoxide dismutase activity, and levels of serum ferritin, iron, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, glutathione, and vitamin C were estimated. Analysis showed a significant alteration in all the parameters in obese adults. The correlation of ferritin level and body mass index showed a positive correlation (r = -0.81, p < 0.001, respectively) with levels of fasting blood glucose, superoxide dismutase, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride in obese individuals, whereas an insignificant correlation with vitamin C and glutathione level was observed in obese individuals. The significant positive correlation of ferritin level with the metabolic parameters and some antioxidative parameters in obese individuals signifies the development of metabolic disorders. Therefore, estimation of serum ferritin level will be an important early indicator for the risk of developing metabolic disorders in young adults.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Ferritins; Glutathione; Humans; Iron; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Obesity; Superoxide Dismutase; Young Adult

Using archival data, we conducted a secondary analysis to examine race differences in the relation of serum vitamins A, C, E and β-carotene to insulin resistance (IR), fasting insulin and glucose, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and leukocyte count in 176 non-smoking, healthy, white, and African American (AA) adults aged 18 to 65 years (48% women, 33% AA). We hypothesized that micronutrient concentrations would be associated with early risk markers of cardiometabolic diseases in a race-dependent manner. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for micronutrients, insulin, glucose, hs-CRP, and leukocyte count. Insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostatic model assessment. After adjusting for age, body mass index, gender, educational level, use of vitamin supplements, alcohol intake, leisure time physical activity, menopausal status, and total cholesterol, we observed that β-carotene was significantly associated with insulin resistance and fasting insulin in a race-dependent manner. Among AA, lower β-carotene levels were associated with higher estimates of insulin resistance and fasting insulin; whereas, these same associations were not significant for whites. Race also significantly moderated the relation of vitamin C to leukocyte count, with lower vitamin C being associated with higher leukocyte count only in AA but not whites. For all subjects, lower β-carotene was associated with higher hs-CRP. In AA, but not whites, lower levels of β-carotene and vitamin C were significantly associated with early risk markers implicated in cardiometabolic conditions and cancer. Whether or not lower levels of micronutrients contribute uniquely to racial health disparities is a worthwhile aim for future research.

Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Biomarkers; Black or African American; Blood Glucose; C-Reactive Protein; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Leukocyte Count; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Racial Groups; Risk Factors; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Vitamins; White People

The aim of this study was to assess the dietary intake of patients with metabolic diseases and nervous system disorders in smoking compared with non-smoking patients. The study included 120 patients with metabolic disorders (ZM) and 100 patients with nervous system disorders (ZUN). Subjects were divided into two groups: smokers and nonsmokers. Data on the pharmacologic treatment and supplementation were obtained during a direct interview with the patient. Dietary intake of the nutrients was assayed on the basis of dietary intake interviews from three preceding days (3 times 24-h recall). BMI was also calculated. It was shown that patients in the ZUN group frequently smoked cigarettes and consumed alcohol. BMI was higher in ZM patients. Smokers in ZM group used more drugs than non-smokers. It was found that smoking patients in ZM group consumed significantly lower amount of sucrose than nonsmokers. Moreover, in the diet of smokers ZUN a significantly lower supply of vitamin C than in nonsmokers was observed. It was shown that smokers consume an excessive amount of fat and sodium and low amount of antioxidant vitamins, calcium, potassium and magnesium.

Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Ascorbic Acid; Body Mass Index; Comorbidity; Dietary Carbohydrates; Dietary Supplements; Eating; Female; Humans; Life Style; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Nervous System Diseases; Poland; Smoking; Sodium, Dietary

In the present study we investigated the action of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid on the effects elicited by chronic hyperprolinemia on rat performance in the Morris water maze. Rats received subcutaneous injections of proline (experimental group) twice a day, with 10 h-interval, from the 6 to 28th days of age or an equivalent volume of 0.9% saline solution (controls). Half of the proline-treated group also received intraperitoneal administration of alpha-tocopherol (40 mg/kg) and of ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg) from the 6 to 28th days of life. On the 60th day of life, rats were subjected to testing in the water maze. Results show that chronic proline administration provokes impairment on spatial learning in reference memory task, as revealed by the increase of latency in acquisition, in the probe trial and in crossing over the platform location, as well as by the number of crossings, when compared to saline-treated animals. Proline-treated rats also demonstrated a reduced efficiency to find the platform position in the working memory task. Rats chronically treated with proline plus alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid had above effects prevented, suggesting the participation of oxidative stress in such effects. Our findings lend support to a novel therapeutic strategy, based on these vitamins, to the cognitive dysfunction associated with hyperprolinemia type II.

Topics: alpha-Tocopherol; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Disease; Drug Interactions; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Proline; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Bilirubin; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Hyperbilirubinemia, Hereditary; Liver Transplantation; Metabolic Diseases; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serum Albumin

The incisive detection of bioenergetic insufficiency in an organ of known workload by P MRS is noninvasive and nondestructive, and in some cases the portion of the organ involved can be determined, particularly if both PCr and ATP are depleted. The fractional loss of ATP and hence the relative volumes of viable and "metabolically dead" tissue are thereby evaluated. In addition, the value of P MRS in following a therapy complements its value in diagnosis as this has been demonstrated in cases followed over 6 months to three years. The fact that deficiencies of the enzymes and substrates of oxidative metabolism can be detected by P MRS affords a global overview of energy metabolism that can be a key to rapid diagnosis. The distinction of the enzyme and/or substrate deficiency, while not directly indicated by steady state P MRS, can be identified by use of the "Crossover Theorem" and its impact upon blood and tissue levels of substrates (including oxygen). In the case of neonatal systemic hypoxia, there is no doubt about which of the equations applies, and similarly in metabolic disease, a glutaric acid urea is a direct consequence of the crossover response of metabolism and signifies that an enzyme deficiency may be involved. Furthermore, the clinical danger of a high Pi/PCr value is clarified by our observations, both from the animal models and from the theory, the high clues; i.e. 2 and over, suggest work stresses near the capability of oxidative metabolism and imminent failure of the negative feedback afforded by metabolic regulation, particularly ADP control of oxidative metabolism. This control is lost because of the fall of phosphocreatine to the point where creatine kinase is no longer in equilibrium, leading to the loss of ATP and its conversion to large amounts of ADP and its breakdown products. ATP then stimulates glycolysis and results in a massive lactic acidosis. At the same time, the low thermodynamic capability of glycolytic metabolism is unable to prevent irreversible ion disequilibration, water movements, edema, and eventually rupture of the cell membrane. The pathway of resynthesis of ATP is then tortuous, particularly as AMP is deaminated and adenosine is converted eventually to hypoxanthine. Thus, NMR reports that metabolic control is operating in the region where homeostasis of biochemical parameters is feasible. It further reports regions where the metabolic control is susceptible to failure and most aggressive clinical care is require

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cardiomyopathies; Electric Organ; Electrophorus; Humans; Hypoxia; Infant, Newborn; Kinetics; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Metabolic Diseases; Mitochondria; Muscular Dystrophies; Phosphates; Vitamin K

Oxalosis can be a problem in renal failure. As vitamin C is a precursor of oxalate in patients on regular hemodialysis, we have measured plasma levels of vitamin C, oxalate, pyridoxine, thiamine and creatinine twice before and 4 weeks after a change of vitamin C dosage in 49 dialysis patients who had been receiving 500 mg of oral vitamin C daily for more than 6 months. Ten unsupplemented dialysis patients served as controls. The mean plasma levels of vitamin C and oxalate were 3.3 +/- 0.3 mg/dl and 50.4 +/- 8.2 mumol/l respectively. Four weeks after the vitamin C dosage was changed from 500 to 100, 50 and 0 mg, plasma oxalate levels were 34.1 +/- 1.4, 33.3 +/- 3.7, and 25.7 +/- 3.9 mumol/l respectively. There was a strong correlation between plasma vitamin C and oxalate levels (r = 0.755, p less than 0.01) but none between pyridoxine and oxalate. A significant correlation was also noted between the duration of hemodialysis and plasma oxalate levels (r = 0.582, p less than 0.01). Our results suggest that hyperoxalemia in regular hemodialysis patients is aggravated by routine vitamin C supplementation. The administration of vitamin C should be restricted to a dose necessary to correct vitamin C deficiency.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Oxalates; Oxalic Acid; Pyridoxine; Renal Dialysis; Thiamine

Topics: Anemia, Sideroblastic; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Chelating Agents; Deferoxamine; Hemosiderosis; Humans; Iron; Metabolic Diseases; Thalassemia

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Blood Proteins; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Copper; Eczema; Female; Fructose; Hexoses; Humans; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Pentoses; Protein Binding; Pyruvates; Thiamine

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Corneal Injuries; Epithelium; Foreign-Body Reaction; Glyoxylates; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Melanins; Metabolic Diseases; Oxalates; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Diseases; Uveitis; X-Ray Diffraction

Topics: Alkaptonuria; Ascorbic Acid; Bilirubin; Biphenyl Compounds; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Cyanates; Enzymes; Epinephrine; Fructose; Glucose Oxidase; Glucose Tolerance Test; Glycosuria; Humans; Hydrazones; Hydroquinones; Indicators and Reagents; Iron; Jaundice; Melanins; Metabolic Diseases; Peroxidases; Phenylacetates; Silver Nitrate

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Body Weight; Diet Therapy; Humans; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Metabolic Diseases; Milk; Tyrosine

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Estrous Cycle; Estrus; Female; Hypervitaminosis A; Menstrual Cycle; Metabolic Diseases; Rats; Research; Vitamin A

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Albumins; Ascorbic Acid; Calcium, Dietary; Choline; Diet; Diet Therapy; Fruit; Genetics, Medical; Glutamates; Humans; Inositol; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolism; Muscular Dystrophies; Pyridoxine; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ascorbic Acid; Blood; Brain; Carboxy-Lyases; Guinea Pigs; Metabolic Diseases; Monoamine Oxidase; Pharmacology; Phenylalanine; Phenylketonurias; Research; Serotonin; Toxicology; Tyrosine

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cytochrome-B(5) Reductase; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Drug Therapy; Genetics, Medical; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Metabolic Diseases; Methemoglobinemia; Methylene Blue; NAD; NADP

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cyanosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Dihydrolipoamide Dehydrogenase; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Methemoglobinemia

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Calcium; Fanconi Syndrome; Humans; Medical Records; Metabolic Diseases; Phosphorus; Vitamins

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Humans; Liver Diseases; Metabolic Diseases

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Riboflavin; Riboflavin Deficiency; Tryptophan; Vitamin B Deficiency; Vitamins

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Vitamins

Topics: Addison Disease; Adrenal Insufficiency; Ascorbic Acid; Family Characteristics; Humans; Hypoadrenocorticism, Familial; Lipid Metabolism; Lipids; Metabolic Diseases; Minerals; Nitrogen; Vitamins