ascorbic-acid and Lupus-Erythematosus--Systemic

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Chediak-Higashi Syndrome; Concanavalin A; Cyclic GMP; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Leukocytes; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mice; Mice, Inbred NZB; Prostaglandins

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Agranulocytosis; Anemia, Hemolytic; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Ascorbic Acid; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Transfusion; Chloroquine; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy; Hemoglobinuria; Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal; Humans; Internal Medicine; Leukopenia; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Neutrophils; Purpura; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic; Splenectomy; Thrombocytopenia; Thyroiditis; Toxicology; Vitamins

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) experience excess morbidity and mortality due to coronary artery disease (CAD) that cannot be fully explained by the classical CAD risk factors. Among emerging CAD risk factors, oxidative stress is currently being emphasized. We evaluated the effects of longterm antioxidant vitamins on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense and endothelial function in 39 patients with SLE.. Patients were randomized to receive either placebo or vitamins (500 mg vitamin C and 800 IU vitamin E daily) for 12 weeks. Markers of oxidative stress included malondialdehyde (MDA) and allantoin. Antioxidants measured included erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, plasma total antioxidant power (as FRAP value), and ascorbic acid and vitamin E concentrations. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery and plasma concentration of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1). Primary outcome of the study included the change in lipid peroxidation as revealed by MDA levels. Secondary outcomes included changes in allantoin and antioxidant levels and change in endothelial function.. After treatment, plasma ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) increased only in the vitamin-treated group, associated with a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in plasma MDA. Other oxidative stress markers and antioxidant levels remained unchanged in both groups. FMD and vWF and PAI-1 levels remained unchanged in both groups.. Combined administration of vitamins C and E was associated with decreased lipid peroxidation, but did not affect endothelial function in patients with SLE after 3 months of therapy.

Topics: Allantoin; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Biomarkers; Dietary Supplements; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Health Status; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Pilot Projects; Severity of Illness Index; Vasodilation; Vitamin E

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's defense system wrongly attacks healthy body tissues. The objective of this current setup was to quantify and compare the serum concentration of ascorbic acid (Vit-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), c-reactive protein (CRP) and trace elements (Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) in SLE and normal subjects.. The proposed case-control study was performed with 25 SLE patients and 25 healthy subjects as case and control, respectively. The serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and vitamin C was evaluated by UV spectrophotometric method. For the determination of CRP, the latex agglutination method was used, whereas serum trace elements were estimated by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).. This analysis demonstrated that patients with SLE possessed a significant (p < 0.001) higher level of MDA and lower level of vitamin C compared to control subjects. Pearson's correlation analysis found negative correlation between the serum level of MDA and vitamin C (r= -0.023, p = 0.887) for patients while control group also possessed similar result (r= -0.157, p = 0.453). The current findings have also revealed that serum level of Zn and Cu in SLE patients was significantly (p < 0.05) lowered to that of the control group, while serum level of Mn also showed a similar scenario. During Pearson's correlation analysis a significantly (p < 0.05) negative correlation was found between Zn and Mn (r= -0.410, p = 0.042) in patients' group.. Although our study was limited to a small sample size and confined to a particular area of the country, the study results support a significant role of antioxidants, CRP, and trace elements in the generation of SLE and, therefore, recommends a large spectrum study of the associations between SLE and these biochemical parameters.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bangladesh; C-Reactive Protein; Case-Control Studies; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Malondialdehyde; Trace Elements; Vitamins

Scurvy is a disease caused by chronic vitamin C deficiency. The greater prevalence was found in the paediatric population with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders due to their restricted dietary intake. Our case reported a child with autism who presented with arthralgia and anaemia. Systemic lupus erythematosus was the first diagnostic impression, resulting in over investigation and delayed diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency. After the child was treated with ascorbic acid, the child's symptoms resolved. This case highlighted the importance of developmental and nutritional history taking in the paediatric population. Furthermore, parents and physicians should be concerned about nutritional status, especially in children with restrictive dietary intake.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Scurvy

Oxalate nephropathy is a rare condition characterized by extensive calcium oxalate deposition in the renal tubules, resulting in kidney injury. There are primary forms of the disease that arise from genetic mutation causing overproduction of oxalate. More commonly, this condition is seen as a secondary phenomenon. The clinical presentation is nonspecific, with acute kidney injury and normal serologic study results. The characteristic finding on kidney biopsy is the presence of acute tubular injury associated with polarizable crystals in the tubular lumen and epithelial cytoplasm. We present a case of acute oxalate nephropathy in a patient with underlying systemic lupus erythematosus who recently received intravenous vitamin C.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Administration, Intravenous; Ascorbic Acid; Complementary Therapies; Female; Humans; Hyperoxaluria; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Middle Aged; Vitamins

Defective DNA damage processing has been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Vitamin C may modulate formation/removal of the oxidative DNA lesion 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). Baseline levels of 8-oxodG measured in SLE serum, urine and PBMC DNA did not differ significantly from healthy subjects. In contrast to healthy subjects, no significant decrease in PBMC 8-oxodG or increase in urinary 8-oxodG was noted in vitamin C supplemented SLE patients. A significant, although attenuated, increase in serum 8-oxodG was detected in SLE patients, compared to healthy subjects. These data support putative abnormalities in the repair/processing of 8-oxodG in SLE.

Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Deoxyguanosine; DNA Damage; Female; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress

We measured the urinary excretion of Isoprostane F2alpha-III and Isoprostane-F2alpha-VI, two markers of in vivo lipid peroxidation, and the circulating levels of the prothrombin fragment F1+2, a marker of thrombin generation, in 18 antiphospholipid antibodies-positive patients, in 18 antiphospholipid antibodies-negative patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and in 20 healthy subjects. Furthermore, 12 patients positive for antiphospholipid antibodies were treated with (n = 7) or without (n = 5) antioxidant vitamins (vitamin E at 900 IU/d and vitamin C at 2, 000 mg/d) for 4 weeks. Compared with antiphospholipid antibodies-negative patients, antiphospholipid antibodies-positive patients had higher urinary values of Isoprostane-F2alpha-III (P =. 0001), Isoprostane-F2alpha-VI (P =.006), and plasma levels of the prothrombin fragment F1+2 (P =.0001). In antiphospholipid-positive patients, F1+2 significantly correlated with Isoprostane-F2alpha-III (Rho =.56, P =.017) and Isoprostane-F2alpha-VI (Rho =.61, P =.008). After 4 weeks of supplementation with antioxidant vitamins, we found a significant decrease in F1+2 levels (P <.005) concomitantly with a significant reduction of both Isoprostane-F2alpha-III (P =.007) and Isoprostane-F2alpha-VI (P <.005). No change of these variables was observed in patients not receiving antioxidant treatment. This study suggests that lipid peroxidation might contribute to the activation of clotting system in patients positive for antiphospholipid antibodies.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Ascorbic Acid; Biomarkers; Dinoprost; Female; Fibrinogen; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Peptide Fragments; Protein Precursors; Prothrombin; Reference Values; Time Factors; Vitamin E

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in the inflammatory, autoimmune, connective tissue disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly in respect of processes leading to the formation of pathological anti-DNA antibodies. Exposure to ROS increases the antigenicity of DNA for SLE antibodies, but data on the immunogenicity of ROS-DNA are not conclusive. In this study, we have examined the immunogenicity in rabbits, of DNA modified by three hydroxyl radical generating systems. Additionally, we investigated the antigenicity of UVA, UVB, and UVC irradiated DNA for lupus anti-DNA antibodies. Modification of DNA by both ROS and far UV dramatically increased its immunogenicity; the Fe2+ and H2O2 system resulted in antibodies that recognized both native and modified DNA. In our ELISA system, none of the UV antigens showed any antigenicity above native DNA for SLE sera. The data suggested that different profiles of antigenicity and immunogenicity arise dependent on the method of ROS production, but also that ROS-DNA may be a factor in antigen-driven immune complex formation in SLE.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Antibody Formation; Ascorbic Acid; Cross-Sectional Studies; DNA; DNA Damage; Epitopes; Female; Ferrous Compounds; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Rabbits; Reactive Oxygen Species; Ultraviolet Rays; Vaccines, Synthetic

Recent evidence suggests that HIV infection and the clinical and laboratory manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are a result of the genetic influence of the virus on cellular adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol metabolism. Recent genetic studies substantiate this view with the observation that the HIV-1 genome is linked to glucocorticoid inducibility and to glucocorticoid receptor binding, and may explain the strong ability of cortisol to enhance HIV replication. Adrenocortical hyperactivity observed in HIV-infected individuals has been found to be independent of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and is apparently a result of increased ACTH production by HIV. It is proposed that the HIV-induced cortisol excess is the foundation of the immunosuppression seen in AIDS, and is the basis for alternative avenues of treatment, including the use of ascorbic acid.

Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Ascorbic Acid; Genome, Viral; Glucocorticoids; HIV; HIV-1; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Models, Biological; Pituitary Hormones; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Virus Replication

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Immunoglobulin G; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Selenium; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are released at sites of inflammation during the respiratory burst which accompanies the phagocytic process. Using an in vitro system to simulate this process we have shown that ROS induce antigenic changes in DNA. More specifically, results of experiments using ROS scavengers have shown that hydroxyl radicals produced in close proximity to DNA-bound metal ions play a predominant role. ROS-mediated attack resulted in increased binding of anti-DNA antibodies to the denatured DNA. These changes were detected using IgG, IgA and IgM isotype binding to antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus sera. Of these the IgA isotype was most discriminating in its detection of hydroxyl radical-induced damage.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Ascorbic Acid; Cattle; Deferoxamine; DNA; Epitopes; Free Radicals; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxides; Hydroxyl Radical; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin Isotypes; Immunoglobulin M; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Nucleic Acid Denaturation; Oxygen; Thiourea

Polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocytes from 4 patients with untreated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) showed defective random migration (P less than 0-05) and depressed chemotactic responses to C5a and kallikrein (P less than 0-01) compared to PMN leucocytes from normal subjects, or patients with rheumatoid arthritis (4) or Felty's syndrome (4) when examined at a standardized cell concentration with a micropore filter radioassay but not with a conventional Boyden technique. Normal in vitro enhancement of PMN leucocyte random and chemotactic migration by sodium ascorbate was absent in SLE and Felty's syndrome, but sodium ascorbate gave normal stimulation of hexose monophosphate shunt activity in the PMN leucocytes precluding a defect in ascorbate transport.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Cell Movement; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Felty Syndrome; Glucose; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Neutrophils; Phagocytosis

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Parasympatholytics; Scleroderma, Systemic

Topics: Adult; Antimalarials; Ascorbic Acid; Benzimidazoles; Female; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged; Parasympatholytics; Prednisolone; Vitamin B Complex

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Collagen Diseases; Corrinoids; Cystitis; Cystitis, Interstitial; Drug Therapy; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Pyridoxine; Scleroderma, Systemic; Ulcer; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Antimalarials; Arthritis; Ascorbic Acid; Child; Giant Cell Arteritis; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Pyridoxine; Rheumatology; Toxicology

Topics: 4-Aminobenzoic Acid; Ascorbic Acid; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lupus Vulgaris; Physiological Phenomena; Vitamins

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Lupus Vulgaris; Vitamins