ascorbic-acid and Graves-Disease

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin, that plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of scurvy. As vitamin C is an antioxidant and thyroid function may be affected and may affect vitamin C levels, for the first time, we aimed to provide a detailed review of all human studies evaluating the different roles of vitamin C in the thyroid gland. Thyroid cancers, goitre, Graves' disease and other causes of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were the conditions discussed in this study. Furthermore, vitamin C addition to other medications such as levothyroxine was also reviewed.. In this study, we reviewed the relevant literature regarding the association between vitamin C and thyroid diseases using original studies from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science.. In this review, we found anti-cancer effects for intravenous (IV) administration of vitamin C in addition to the beneficial effects of using it in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. As autoimmune diseases affect some antioxidant markers, some studies reported a significant difference in blood vitamin C levels in patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Graves' disease. Despite many studies evaluating the effects of IV administration of vitamin C in mentioned diseases, there is a lack of evidence for oral consumption of vitamin C.. To conclude, there is a lack of evidence, especially clinical trials, for the therapeutic effects of vitamin C on thyroid diseases; however, promising results were reported in some studies in the literature.

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Graves Disease; Humans; Thyroid Diseases; Vitamins

The effect of supplementation with a fixed combination of antioxidants (beta-carotene, selenium, vitamins C and E) on serum lipids was monitored in patients with newly detected Graves' disease. Measurements were made prior to the commencement of therapy and after 30 and 60 days. Patients were randomized into two groups. Test group comprised patients who received antioxidant supplementation in addition to methimazole, while patients treated with methimazole only were in the control group. The concentration of total and HDL-cholesterol increased significantly in test and control groups (p < 0.05) but these groups did not differ significantly. Concentration of LDL-cholesterol increased significantly in the test group only (p < 0.005) and was significantly different from the control group 60 days after the commencement of therapy (p < 0.005). Significant increase in the LDL-cholesterol concentration in the test group requires further investigations.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antioxidants; Antithyroid Agents; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Cholesterol, LDL; Croatia; Dietary Supplements; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Male; Methimazole; Middle Aged; Selenium; Thyroid Hormones; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E; Young Adult

DNA damage to peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with Graves' disease (GD) was studied in vitro before and after treatment with antioxidants, melatonin, quercetin, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and vitamin C. DNA damage (comet %) was remarkably higher in patients (23.7 +/- 5.5%) than that in healthy persons (9.8 +/- 3.2%, p < 0.01). Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) content (7.90 +/- 1.77 microM) of patients was significantly higher than that of healthy persons (4.71 +/- 1.19 microM, p < 0.01). Also, the plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (7.53 +/- 1.35 U/ml) in GD patients was significantly lower than that in healthy persons (10.56 +/- 2.21 U/ml, p < 0.01). Negative correlations were observed between plasma TAC and DNA damage in lymphocytes (r = -0.599, p < 0.01), and between plasma TAC and MDA (r = -0.40, p < 0.05) in GD patients. After treatment with 100 microM melatonin, quercetin or NAC for 4 h in vitro, DNA damage in lymphocytes in GD patients declined significantly (from 23.8 +/- 4.4% to 14.4 +/- 4.0%, p < 0.001 for melatonin, from 23.4 +/- 4.7% to 18.1 +/- 4.3%, p < 0.01 for quercetin, from 23.7 +/- 4.0% to 18.7 +/- 5.7%, p < 0.05 for NAC), while there was little change with concentrations of 1-100 microM of vitamin C. However, 1000 microM vitamin C enhanced DNA damage significantly (from 23.8 +/- 2.3% to 30.3 +/- 3.9%, p < 0.05). Our results showed that oxidative stress existed in GD patients and the antioxidants melatonin, quercetin and NAC are beneficial for DNA damage in lymphocytes of GD patients in vitro.

Topics: Acetylcysteine; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Comet Assay; DNA Damage; Female; Graves Disease; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Lymphocytes; Male; Malondialdehyde; Melatonin; Oxidative Stress; Quercetin; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Caproates; Dinitrophenols; Electron Transport; Glycerophosphates; Graves Disease; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Ketoglutaric Acids; Microscopy, Electron; Mitochondria; Oligomycins; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Consumption; Rats; Spectrum Analysis; Succinates; Thyroid Gland

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Ascorbic Acid; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cholinesterases; Graves Disease; Humans; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Iodine; Iron; Muramidase; Preoperative Care; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Copper; Goiter, Endemic; Graves Disease; Humans