ascorbic-acid and Erythema

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Cosmeceuticals; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Female; Glyceryl Ethers; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Male; Skin Cream; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

Topics: Administration, Oral; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Female; Humans; Lutein; Lycopene; Male; Radiation Dosage; Time Factors; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E; Xanthophylls

High recurrence has previously been reported in the treatment of melasma with low-fluence 1,064-nm Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (QS-Nd:YAG) laser. On the other hand, the efficacy and safety of the QS-Nd:YAG laser plus microneedling with vitamin C have not been evaluated in patients with mixed-type melasma.. Sixteen patients with recalcitrant dermal- or mixed-type melasma were included in the study. One side of patients' face was treated with QS-Nd:YAG laser plus microneedling with vitamin C (Group A) and the other side with QS-Nd:YAG laser alone (Group B) for four sessions at four-week intervals. Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI) scores and clinician's evaluation of clinical response were assessed monthly.. Group A had a significantly lower mean MASI score and better treatment response than Group B according to clinician's evaluation. According to MASI scores, in Group B, two patients had a good response while 12 were unresponsive to treatment. Good or very good improvement was reported by 10 patients in Group A and three patients in Group B. Adverse effects and recurrence rates were similar in Groups A and B (31.3 and 43.8%, respectively).. QS-Nd:YAG increases the blood circulation in the dermis, thereby enhancing the mechanical effect of microneedling to promote the penetration of vitamin C.. Vitamin C application with microneedling immediately after treatment with QS-Nd:YAG laser is a promising adjunctive method for the treatment of recalcitrant melasma.

Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Combined Modality Therapy; Cosmetic Techniques; Double-Blind Method; Erythema; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Hypopigmentation; Lasers, Solid-State; Male; Melanosis; Middle Aged; Needles; Quality of Life; Recurrence; Retreatment; Severity of Illness Index

Safe systemic protection from the health hazards of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in sunlight is desirable. Green tea is consumed globally and is reported to have anti-inflammatory properties, which may be mediated through the impact on cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. Recent data suggest that green tea catechins (GTCs) reduce acute UVR effects, but human trials examining their photoprotective potential are scarce.. We performed a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to examine whether GTCs protect against clinical, histologic, and biochemical indicators of UVR-induced inflammation.. Healthy adults (aged 18-65 y, phototypes I-II) were randomly allocated to 1350 mg encapsulated green tea extract (540 mg GTC) with 50 mg vitamin C or placebo twice daily for 3 mo. Impact on skin erythema, dermal leukocytic infiltration, and concentrations of proinflammatory eicosanoids was assessed after solar-simulated UVR challenge, and subject compliance was determined through assay of urinary GTC metabolite epigallocatechin glucuronide.. Volunteers were assigned to the active (n = 25) or the placebo (n = 25) group. After supplementation, median (IQR) sunburn threshold (minimal erythema dose) was 28 (20-28) and 20 (20-28) mJ/cm(2) in the active and placebo groups, respectively (nonsignificant), with no difference in AUC analysis for measured erythema index after a geometric series of 10 UVR doses. Skin immunohistochemistry showed increased neutrophil and CD3(+) T-lymphocyte numbers post-UVR in both groups (P < 0.01) with no statistically significant differences between groups after supplementation. Cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase metabolites prostaglandin E2 (vasodilator) and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoicacid (chemoattractant), respectively, increased after UVR (P < 0.05), with no differences between supplementation groups.. Oral GTC (1080 mg/d) with vitamin C over 3 mo did not significantly reduce skin erythema, leukocyte infiltration, or eicosanoid response to UVR inflammatory challenge. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01032031.

Topics: 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; Administration, Oral; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Catechin; Dietary Supplements; Dinoprostone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Erythema; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Middle Aged; Skin; Sunburn; Tea; Ultraviolet Rays; Young Adult

Rosacea - a common chronic inflammatory dermatosis (3-10% of all dermatoses) primarily affecting the skin of face. Numerous methods for the treatment of rosacea are defined by the diversity of etiologic and pathogenic factors of dermatosis, its stage and clinical form. But a significant role in its development, most researchers relate to vascular disturbances. It is suggested that vascular changes in this disease are the product of two interrelated pathological processes: the disturbances in integrity and tone of the vascular wall and disorganization of perivascular connective tissue. The results of these processes are formation of a stable dilatation of skin blood vessels clinically manifested by erythema and telangiectasia. Based on foregoing, The aim of this study was evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of Rutin Forte in complex treatment and prevention of rosacea. 30 patients with an erythematous stage of rosacea were under observation (20 women and 10 men) aged 25 to 50 years. The first group (15 patients) was treated by the standard procedure (Antibiotics, systemic metronidazole, antihistamines, traditional external therapy). Patients of the second group (15 people) additionally received a Rutin Forte containing long-acting vitamin C, zinc and selenium. The drug was administered at a dose of 2 capsule per day. Duration of treatment - 2 to 3 months. Observation period after treatment were 12 months. During this period we revealed a significant reduction of erythema, recurrence of disease in the second group of patients was not observed, but in the group of comparison recurrences were detected on 3rd month of follow up and the degree of erythema reduction was significantly less. Thus, the study revealed that Rutin Forte is an effective means for the treatment and prevention of the torpid relapsing forms of rosacea on erythematous stage of dermatosis.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Dermatologic Agents; Erythema; Female; Histamine Antagonists; Humans; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Rosacea; Rutin; Selenium; Skin; Treatment Outcome; Zinc

The purpose of the study was to analyze the potential capacity of a dietary supplement, based on gamma linolenic acid, vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene, coenzyme Q10 and Vitis Vitifera, to reduce side effects, in particular the dry skin, erythema and desquamation, due to treatment with oral isotretinoin, and evaluate the ability of the product to increase adherence to therapy in patients with acne.. Forty-eight patients with nodular acne (32 females and 16 males) were randomly divided into 2 groups: 24 received isotretinoin therapy (20-30 mg/day) for 6 months associated to dietary supplement (twice a day), while the other 24 patients received only isotretinoin (20-30 mg/day) for 6 months. For all patients the degree of acne severity, through GAGS (Global Acne Grading System), the sebum production by Sebutape, the hydration by Corneometer and the erythema by Mexameter, were measured. We have also evaluated the adherence to treatment, asking to patients how many days a week they follow the therapy.. Patients treated with dietary supplement had lower side effects, with a less degree of erythema and dryness, and greater degree of hydration; a greater adherence to therapy was also reported.. Thanks to antioxidant and moisturizing properties, the dietary supplement containing gamma linolenic acid, vitamin E, vitamin C, betacarotene, coenzyme Q10 and Vitis Vitifera, can be considered a useful supplement in the treatment and prevention of dry skin associated with the use of oral isotretinoin.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Dermatologic Agents; Dietary Supplements; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Erythema; Female; gamma-Linolenic Acid; Humans; Isotretinoin; Italy; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Skin; Treatment Outcome; Ubiquinone; Vitamin E; Vitamins; Vitis

The objective of the study was to investigate whether a topical antioxidant complex containing vitamins C and E and ferulic acid can protect solar-simulated ultraviolet irradiation (ssUVR)-induced acute photodamage in human skin.. Twelve healthy female Chinese subjects were enrolled in this study. Four unexposed sites on dorsal skin were marked for the experiment. The products containing antioxidant complex and vehicle were applied onto 2 sites, respectively, for 4 consecutive days. On day 4, the antioxidant complex-treated site, the vehicle-treated site, and the untreated site (positive control) received ssUVR (5 times the minimal erythema dose). The fourth site (negative control) received neither ssUVR nor treatment. Digital photographs were taken, and skin color was measured pre- and postirradiation. Skin biopsies were obtained 24 hours after exposure to ssUVR, for hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining.. A single, 5 times the minimal erythema dose of ssUVR substantially induced large amounts of sunburn cell formation, thymine dimer formation, overexpression of p53 protein, and depletion of CD1a+ Langerhans cells. The antioxidant complex containing vitamins C and E and ferulic acid conferred significant protection against biological events compared with other irradiated sites.. A topical antioxidant complex containing vitamins C and E and ferulic acid has potential photoprotective effects against ssUVR-induced acute photodamage in human skin.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; China; Coumaric Acids; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Skin; Sunburn; Treatment Outcome; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E; Young Adult

Ultraviolet radiation is harmful for human skin, and photodamaging pathologies such as actinic erythema, are formerly described as a consequence of UV direct effect on DNA and indirectly by local immune reactions. However, the degree of participation of oxidative stress in actinic erythema and the role of antioxidants in photoprotection are still not fully understood.. To evaluate the possible palliative role of a combination of the antioxidants vitamins C and E in human cutaneous erythema when applied topically before and after UV exposure.. The study included 20 volunteers of phototypes II, II-III and III with no solar exposure for two months prior to the study. The volunteers were submitted to a phototest consisting on the analysis of the minimal erythemal dose (MED) under different treatments: 1. Untreated irradiated skin; 2. Irradiated skin previously treated with vehicle; 3. Irradiated skin previously treated with a combination of vitamins (2.5% vit E-5% vit C); and 4. Skin treated with the antioxidant combination after irradiation. Cutaneous erythema was evaluated 24h after exposure and the MED was calculated for each treatment.. The application of vehicle did not significantly affect the MED compared to untreated irradiated skin. Application of the antioxidant combination, prior to irradiation, increased the MED in all phototypes compared with untreated irradiated skin with an average increase of 36.9%. Antioxidants applied after exposure promoted an average increase of the MED by 19.8%.. Combination of topical antioxidants (vitamins C and E) shows photoprotection activity against erythema, mainly owing to their high absorption properties. Moreover, their antioxidant activity could be considered as additive, and independent of their optical properties.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Skin; Treatment Outcome; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

Skin cancer and photoaging changes result from ultraviolet (UV)-induced oxidative stress. Topical antioxidants may protect skin from these effects.. We sought to determine whether a stable topical formulation of 15% L-ascorbic acid, 1% alpha-tocopherol, and 0.5% ferulic acid (CEFer) could protect human skin in vivo from substantial amounts of solar-simulated UV radiation.. CEFer and its vehicle were applied to separate patches of normal-appearing human skin for 4 days. Each patch was irradiated with solar-simulated UV, 2 to 10 minimal erythema doses, at 2-minimal erythema dose intervals. One day later, skin was evaluated for erythema and sunburn cells, and immunohistochemically for thymine dimers and p53. UV-induced cytokine formation, including interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction.. CEFer provided significant and meaningful photoprotection for skin by all methods of evaluation.. The number of patients evaluated was relatively small.. CEFer provided substantial UV photoprotection for skin. It is particularly effective for reducing thymine dimer mutations known to be associated with skin cancer. Its mechanism of action is different from sunscreens and would be expected to supplement the sun protection provided by sunscreens.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Coumaric Acids; Cytokines; DNA Damage; DNA Primers; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Pyrimidine Dimers; Radiation Dosage; RNA, Messenger; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Statistics, Nonparametric; Sunburn; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Ultraviolet Rays

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of the skin leads to acute inflammatory reactions, such as erythema, sunburn, and chronic reactions, including premature skin aging and skin cancer.. In this study, the effects of a topical antioxidant mixture consisting of vitamin C, ferulic acid, and phloretin on attenuating the harmful effects of UV irradiation on normal healthy volunteers were studied using biomarkers of skin damage.. Ten subjects (age, 18-60 years; Fitzpatrick skin types II and III) were randomized and treated with antioxidant product or vehicle control on the lower back for four consecutive days. On day 3, the minimal erythema dose (MED) was determined for each subject at a different site on the back. On day 4, the two test sites received solar-simulated UV irradiation 1-5x MED at 1x MED intervals. On day 5, digital images were taken, and 4-mm punch biopsies were collected from the two 5x MED test sites and a control site from each subject for morphology and immunohistochemical studies.. UV irradiation significantly increased the erythema of human skin in a linear manner from 1x to 5x MED. As early as 24 h after exposure to 5x MEDs of UV irradiation, there were significant increases in sunburn cell formation, thymine dimer formation, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, and p53 protein expression. All these changes were attenuated by the antioxidant composition. UV irradiation also suppressed the amount of CD1a-expressing Langerhans cells, indicating immunosuppressive effects of a single 5x MED dose of UV irradiation. Pretreatment of skin with the antioxidant composition blocked this effect.. This study confirms the protective role of a unique mixture of antioxidants containing vitamin C, ferulic acid, and phloretin on human skin from the harmful effects of UV irradiation. Phloretin, in addition to being a potent antioxidant, may stabilize and increase the skin availability of topically applied vitamin C and ferulic acid. We propose that antioxidant mixture will complement and synergize with sunscreens in providing photoprotection for human skin.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Coumaric Acids; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phloretin; Skin; Skin Aging; Treatment Outcome; Ultraviolet Rays

The inflammation which follows cryotherapy is a significant disadvantage of this therapeutic modality. To date, the only treatment shown to reduce this inflammation is application of topical corticoids. We have therefore conducted a pilot study to investigate whether pretreatment with the free radical scavengers, vitamins C and E might alleviate the signs and symptoms of inflammation following liquid nitrogen cryotherapy of common warts. We undertook a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study. We recruited 40 adult patients, of whom 38 returned for evaluation. Treatments comprised vitamin C (2000 mg) and vitamin E (800 IU) daily or matching placebo for 7 days prior to cryotherapy to a hand wart. Oedema volume, erythema level, pain intensity and the presence or absence of blistering were assessed 24 h after cryotherapy. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in any of the parameters assessed. This study yielded no suggestion of benefit from the use of pretreatment with free radical scavengers in conjunction with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Blister; Cryotherapy; Dermatitis; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Erythema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pain, Postoperative; Pilot Projects; Vitamin E; Warts

Ultraviolet irradiation causes adverse effects like sunburn, photosensitivity reactions or immunologic suppression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the photo-protective outcome of a sunscreen cream (SPF8) by the determination of erythema indexes and the assessment of ascorbic acid and its metabolites in human dermis. These substances were used as markers of oxidative effect. Eight healthy female subjects were enrolled in this study. Two abdominal areas were exposed to solar simulated irradiation with three minimal erythema dose, one with SPF8 application and the other site without SPF8 application. Two other areas were used as control, one without SPF8 application and the other site after SPF8 application. Ascorbic acid and its metabolites (dehydroascorbic acid, threonic acid, oxalic acid and xylose) were collected from human dermis by microdialysis and assessed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Irradiated site without sunscreen application had significantly demonstrated lower dermis ascorbic acid concentrations and a higher erythema index than the three other sites (P < 0.05). Threonic acid, oxalic acid and xylose dermis concentrations were significantly higher in site III than in the control site I (P < 0.05). The protected-irradiated site did not show erythema formation and there was stability of ascorbic acid dermis concentrations with non-variation in its metabolites. The assessment of ascorbic acid and its metabolites in human dermis could be an efficient tool to demonstrate the oxidative process and consequently to control the efficiency of sunscreen creams against undesirable UV effects.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Benzophenones; Butyrates; Camphor; Chalcones; Dehydroascorbic Acid; Dermis; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Female; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Microdialysis; Ointments; Osmolar Concentration; Oxalic Acid; Skin; Sunscreening Agents; Ultraviolet Rays; Xylose

Cutaneous exposure to a variety of irritants has been extensively studied in recent years. Nevertheless, knowledge of the induction of irritant dermatitis, especially by mild irritants at low doses and for a short duration of exposure, is still incomplete.. To quantify the irritant effects and barrier disruption properties of ascorbic acid (ASC), acetic acid (ACA) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), particularly in combination with an anionic detergent, sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS).. In a tandem repeated irritation test, the irritants were applied for 30 min twice daily for 4 days to the skin of the mid-back of 19 healthy volunteers of both sexes. We used bioengineering techniques for measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin colour reflectance, as well as visual scoring.. Repeated application of ASC and ACA caused a moderate increase in TEWL and erythema. The sequential application of ASC or ACA and SLS enhanced these effects. NaOH induced a strong reaction when applied both occlusively and nonocclusively as well as in combination with SLS, with an early onset of the inflammatory signs, leading to discontinuation of the application on the third day in most of the test fields. Notably, the irritant effect of NaOH was not as marked when applied sequentially with SLS.. Our results demonstrate that concurrent application of an anionic detergent and a mild acidic irritant can lead to disruption of the barrier function which, although not additive, is still considerable. The combined application of SLS and mild acids does not prevent SLS-induced irritation. Furthermore, we showed that NaOH in low concentrations may also act as a potent irritant but that its effect is not enhanced by SLS. The necessity of adequate skin protection and reduction of contact with substances that are potentially barrier disruptive and irritant, e.g. in the food industry, is emphasized, not only when handling detergents, but also when processing food products.

Topics: Acetic Acid; Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Dermatitis, Irritant; Drug Interactions; Erythema; Female; Food-Processing Industry; Fruit; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases; Patch Tests; Single-Blind Method; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Sodium Hydroxide; Surface-Active Agents; Water Loss, Insensible

Although an aggressive use of tretinoin along with hydroquinone enables an efficient treatment of hyperpigmented skin lesions, irritant dermatitis remains to be solved.. To evaluate the efficiency and adverse effects of 10% all-trans retinol (ROL) gel for improvement of skin hyperpigmentation.. Ten-percent ROL gel was used instead of 0.1% tretinoin gel in our two-phased bleaching protocol (bleaching and healing phases); 5% hydroquinone and 7% lactic acid ointment were used along with ROL gel in the bleaching phase (2 to 6 weeks). Five-percent hydroquinone and 7% ascorbic acid ointment were used alone during the healing phase (4 to 6 weeks). Twenty-one Japanese patients with hyperpigmented lesions on the face were enrolled in this study, and 18 patients who were followed for more than 10 weeks were analyzed.. Improvement of pigmentation was seen in 16 of 18 patients after an average treatment period of 11.3 weeks, and in 6 patients, pigmentation was almost eliminated after treatment. Erythema and scaling were seen, however, during the bleaching phase as well as the bleaching treatment with tretinoin gel.. ROL can improve skin hyperpigmentation to a similar extent to tretinoin when used at high concentration, whereas it induces irritant dermatitis as well.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Dermatitis, Irritant; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythema; Female; Gels; Humans; Hydroquinones; Hyperpigmentation; Lactic Acid; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin A

The possible influence of oxidative stress is discussed in the pathogenesis of polymorphous light eruption (PLE). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of prophylactic treatment with systemic administration of vitamin C (3 g/d) and E (1500 IU/d) for 8 days was undertaken in 9 patients with PLE (verum, n=4; placebo, n=5). Evaluation of the maximal effects after photoprovocation before and after intake of the antioxidants revealed a reduction of most skin reactions (overall skin reaction, papules/vesicles) in both groups with marked differences in the placebo group. The antioxidants in the doses given and over the time period used did not influence the development of PLE, but might interfere with immunosuppressive effects of repeated photoprovocation tests.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Double-Blind Method; Erythema; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Photosensitivity Disorders; Placebos; Skin; Skin Tests; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

Photoprotective effects of topically applied antioxidants when applied before ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure are well known. Their protective effect when applied after UVR exposure is, however, less established.. In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled human study the short-term photoprotective effects of different antioxidants and of their combinations were evaluated when applied after UVR exposure.. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) were topically administered alone or in combination following UVR exposure as single applications (immediately or 30 min after irradiation, respectively) or as multiple applications (three times: 30 min, 1 h and 2 h after irradiation). The erythemal reaction was evaluated visually and noninvasively with bioengineering methods (skin color and skin blood flow).. No significant protective effect of melatonin or the vitamins when applied alone or in combination were obtained when antioxidants were applied after UVR exposure. No improved photoprotective effect was obtained when multiple applications were done.. UVR-induced skin damage is a rapid event, and antioxidants possibly prevent such damage only when present in relevant concentration at the site of action beginning and during oxidative stress.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Double-Blind Method; Erythema; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Regional Blood Flow; Skin; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

UV radiation causes acute adverse effects like sunburn, photosensitivity reactions, or immunologic suppression, as well as long-term sequelae like photoaging or malignant skin tumors. UV radiation induces tissues to produce reactive oxygen species, eicosanoids and cytokines. Inhibition of these mediators might reduce skin damage. Antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and d-alpha-tocopherol have been found to be photoprotective in some in vitro studies and animal experiments.. Our purpose was to assess the protective effect of systemic vitamins C and E against sunburn in human beings.. In a double-blind placebo-controlled study, each of 10 subjects took daily either 2 gm of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) combined with 1000 IU of d-alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) or placebo. The sunburn reaction before and after 8 days of treatment was assessed by determination of the threshold UV dose for eliciting sunburn (minimal erythema dose [MED]) and by measuring the cutaneous blood flow of skin irradiated with incremental UV doses against that of nonirradiated skin.. The median MED of those taking vitamins increased from 80 to 96.5 mJ/cm2 (p < 0.01), whereas it declined from 80 to 68.5 mJ/cm2 in the placebo group. Cutaneous blood flow changed significantly (p < 0.05) for most irradiation doses with decreases in those given vitamins and increases in the placebo group.. Combined vitamins C and E reduce the sunburn reaction, which might indicate a consequent reduced risk for later sequelae of UV-induced skin damage. The increase of sunburn reactivity in the placebo group could be related to "priming" by the previous UV exposure.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cytokines; Double-Blind Method; Eicosanoids; Erythema; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Placebos; Radiation Dosage; Reactive Oxygen Species; Regional Blood Flow; Risk Factors; Skin; Sunburn; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

In this randomized, double-blind human study, the short-term photoprotective effects of different antioxidants and their combinations were evaluated in vivo. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) and melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) were topically applied, alone or in combination, 30 min before ultraviolet-irradiation of the skin. The erythemal reaction was evaluated visually and non-invasively using different bioengineering methods (skin colour and skin blood flow). The results showed a modest protective effect of the vitamins when applied alone and a dose-dependent photoprotective effect of melatonin. Topical application of combinations of both vitamins, or of melatonin with vitamins, enhanced the photoprotective response. Better protection was obtained by using the combination of melatonin with both vitamins. The role of reactive oxygen species and oxygen-derived free radicals, as well as potential sunscreening properties of the employed antioxidants, are discussed in view of possible mechanisms to explain this elevated photoprotective effect.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythema; Female; Humans; Male; Melatonin; Middle Aged; Radiation Injuries; Radiation-Protective Agents; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

In this clinical trial we studied whether oral supplementation with D-alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc), L-ascorbic acid (Asc), or alpha-Toc combined with Asc influenced the solar simulated radiation (SSR) induced skin inflammation in healthy volunteers.. We investigated the following groups in a prospective, randomized and placebo controlled study: Group (1) alpha-Toc 2 g/day, group (2) Asc 3 g/day, group (3) alpha-Toc 2 g/day combined with Asc 3 g/day, and group (4) placebo. Before and 50 days after supplementation we analyzed alpha-Toc and Asc concentrations in keratinocytes. The dose response curve of UV erythema was determined by reflectance spectrophotometry and the minimal erythema dose (MED) by visual grading before and after supplementation.. 50 days after supplementation alpha-Toc keratinocyte levels were increased in groups (1) and (3), Asc concentrations were elevated in groups (2) and (3), and the a/gamma-Toc ratio increased in groups (1) and (3). The dose response curve of UVR induced erythema showed a significant flattening and the MED increased from 103 +/- 29 mJ/cm2 (before supplementation) to 183 +/- 35 mJ/cm2 (after supplementation) in group (3), while there were no significant changes in groups (1) and (2) after vitamin supplementation.. Alpha-Toc and Asc act synergistically in suppression of the sunburn reaction.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Dietary Supplements; Drug Synergism; Erythema; Humans; Inflammation; Keratinocytes; Skin; Spectrophotometry; Sunburn; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

In 20 volunteers with normal skin, itching and concomitant erythemas and wheals were produced by mechanical stimulation with a magnetic oscillation system. In a placebo-controlled, randomized double-blind study with twice cross-over, a calcium-vitamin-D-combination as single dose ampoules for peroral application was tested. A significant decrease (p less than 0,001) of the areas of erythema and wheal and itching in treated persons, compared with non-treated and placebo-treated volunteers serving for controls, is showing the antiallergic effectiveness of the tested preparation.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Calcium; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Ergocalciferols; Erythema; Female; Gluconates; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Stimulation; Pruritus; Urticaria

Plant extracts with rich ascorbic acid contents have greater antioxidant capability; extensively employed in skin beautifying products and protect skin from detrimental photodamaging environmental effects. Brassica oleraceae is having a substantial prospective toward cosmeceuticals owed by its profound activity against oxidation.. To develop an effective topical ethosomal gel loaded with Brassica oleraceae leaves extract with significant antioxidant activity.. Valuation of antioxidant capability of plant leaves extract by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and quantification of ascorbic acid was done through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ethosomes were prepared by cold method. Optimized suspension containing extract was incorporated in 2% Carbopol gel (test) along with extract solution (control). Noninvasive in vivo studies were performed for final product to assess its effects on skin by measuring melanin and erythema, sebum level, elasticity, moistness level, facial pores count and their area, skin wrinkling, and smoothness.. Brassica oleraceae (red cabbage) leaves extract exhibited significant antioxidant potential (85.64 ± 1.28%) with 14.22 μg/g of ascorbic acid; expressed prominent cosmetic effects in terms of skin melanin, erythema, sebum, elasticity, hydration, facial pores, wrinkles, and smoothness when incorporated in ethosomes. ANOVA test also exhibited positive significant (p ≤ 0.05) effects on skin.. Brassica oleraceae extract is a strong antioxidant with remarkable dermocosmetic benefits for skin.

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Brassica; Erythema; Humans; Melanins; Plant Extracts; Prospective Studies; Skin

The topical application of a combination Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Ferulic acid serum following ablative fractional resurfacing has been reported to shorten post-procedure downtime and improve wound healing. However, transcutaneous drug delivery of cosmeceuticals initially meant for topical application have also been shown to have unintended side effects. The objective of our study was to report safety data from our single academic center experience consisting of patients treated with topical application of a vitamin C-containing cosmeceutical immediately following fractional ablative CO. Thirty-three patients, encompassing a total of 45 treatment encounters, met inclusion criteria. There were ten cases of expected side effects: erythema (6), erythema with tenderness (1), erythema with mild bumpiness (1), skin peeling with pattern marking (1), and pain with slight bleeding (1). These were attributed to the normal post-procedure course and resolved without complications. There were no reported side effects related to the topical application of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Ferulic acid serum.. The topical application of a Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Ferulic acid serum immediately following fractional ablative CO

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Carbon Dioxide; Child; Cosmeceuticals; Coumaric Acids; Erythema; Humans; Laser Therapy; Lasers, Gas; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E; Vitamins

Topics: Aged; Antirheumatic Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Ascorbic Acid; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Erythema; Etanercept; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Methotrexate; Patch Tests; Skin Cream

Ascorbic acid is a substance with confirmed anti-free-radical properties. It triggers the collagen synthesis, has a depigmenting effect and seals blood vessels. All these properties have a significant effect of the skin's appearance. The characteristic traits of capillary skin include telangiectasias as well as erythema, which might consolidate in the future, along with the feeling of burning and increased skin sensitivity.. Study and evaluation of selected parameters of capillary skin after the application of 5% vitamin C concentrate throughout the period of 6 weeks with the use of instrumental tests and questionnaires.. The research was conducted on a group of 30 women ranging from 30 to 60 years of age with capillary skin indicating visible signs of erythematous plaques. The concentrate was applied once a day. Analyses of skin conditions were conducted four times: before the launch of the research D(0), after two 2D(14), after four 4D(28), and after 6 D(42) weeks of application. The research was conducted with the use of Mexameter MPA equipment, which was used to measure changes in the intensity of erythematous plaques. The depth of wrinkles was measured by PRIMOS system (two times D0 and 6D(42). The research also used VISIA system which allowed to perform visual and numeral skin analyses. Each research was finalized with a questionnaire which provided a subjective evaluation of the examined product among participants.. Significant reduction in erythema has been widely recorded. After 2 weeks, erythema dropped by 9%. After 4 weeks, it decreased by 16% and by 21% after 6 weeks. The concentrate's efficiency in diminishing erythematous plaques was confirmed by photographs generated by VISIA photograph system. Thanks to PRIMOS, decrease in both depth and volume of nasolabial folds was recorded in 87% of participants after 6 weeks of research.. 5% vitamin C concentrate is effective in treating capillary and photograph-aging skin. It decreases erythema and telangiectasias as well as triggers the shallowing of skin wrinkles.

Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Erythema; Facial Dermatoses; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Patient Satisfaction; Skin Aging; Surveys and Questionnaires; Telangiectasis

The standard management of acne vulgaris in Japan includes a combination of topical treatment with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and BPO/clindamycin (CLDM), topical adapalene and systemic antimicrobials. However, the treatment of therapy-resistant complications such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), erosions with inflamed red papules and atrophic scars has not been established. We performed chemical peeling with glycolic acid and iontophoresis with ascorbyl 2-phosphate 6-palmitate and DL-α-tocopherol phosphate for the treatment of PIH, erosions with inflamed red papules and non-inflamed atrophic scars in 31 patients with acne vulgaris (mild to severe severity), and evaluated the efficacy and safety of these interventions. In most of cases, there was remarkable improvement in PIH and erosions with inflamed red papules after treatment. There was also some improvement in non-inflamed atrophic scars without erythema. Mild redness and irritation was observed in four cases as adverse reactions. Early initial treatment of PIH and erosions with red papules by chemical peeling and iontophoresis is an effective and safe method to prevent the formation of atrophic scars in patients with acne vulgaris.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adapalene; Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Anti-Infective Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Atrophy; Benzoyl Peroxide; Chemexfoliation; Cicatrix; Clindamycin; Combined Modality Therapy; Erythema; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Iontophoresis; Japan; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

Striae gravidarum, a clinical condition commonly seen in pregnant women, produces serious cosmetic problems and may lead to psychological problems.. The present study investigated whether there was any relation between the presence of striae in primigravid pregnant women and blood vitamin C levels, and factors thought to contribute to the formation of striae such as family history, weight gained during pregnancy, smoking status, abdominal and thigh circumference, and age.. Overall, 69 primigravid women attending routine antenatal follow-up and, using prophylactic iron and vitamin preparations, underwent investigation. All were pregnant 36 or more weeks. Scoring was based on striae examination and whether striae were present. The relation between the presence of striae, vitamin C blood levels, and other factors was investigated.. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant relation between the presence of striae and blood vitamin C levels (p = 0.046) and between the presence of striae and family history (p = 0.023). No significant relation was found between the presence of striae and age, weight gained during pregnancy, abdominal and thigh circumference, or smoking status. It was concluded that further, more comprehensive studies on the issue are required.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Erythema; Family Health; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Striae Distensae; Turkey

The micro-sized needles could pierce the skin to deliver drugs effectively in a minimally invasive and painless manner. However, there are only a few reports that identify the invasiveness and painlessness of microneedle (MN), and in vitro characterization studies were conducted to examine the invasiveness of MN in experimental animals and healthy volunteers. First, a fluorescent molecule was applied to show the skin holes according to the application time of MN and then the whitening effect in UV-exposed hairless rats was observed using reflectance spectroscopy according to the application time of MN. The extent of skin irritation by the application time of MN in healthy volunteers was determined from the value of skin redness. Regardless of MN application time, skin redness occurred and then disappeared 30 min after removal of MN; this phenomenon was insignificant with the application time of MN. Thus, if the MN was applied, a skin hole appeared, skin redness was observed and then the skin redness disappeared 30 min after removal of MN. Taken together, polymer MN might be a suitable tool for safe transdermal drug delivery of small molecules.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Drug Delivery Systems; Erythema; Humans; Male; Microinjections; Needles; Polymers; Rats; Rats, Hairless; Skin; Skin Absorption; Young Adult

Frequent or rare, minor or serious, numerous skin conditions exist. Allergic, inflammatory, infectious or bullous, dermatoses may also reveal underlying pathologies.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Dermatomyositis; Erythema; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Psoriasis; Skin Diseases; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency

Virtually all plants and animals protect themselves from the sun using vitamins C and E.. The purpose of this study was to see if a combination of topical vitamins C and E is better for UV protection to skin than an equivalent concentration of topical vitamin C or E alone.. We developed a stable aqueous solution of 15% L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and 1% alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E). We applied antioxidant or vehicle solutions to pig skin daily for 4 days. We irradiated (1-5x minimal erythema dose) control- and antioxidant-treated skin using a solar simulator with a 295-nm band-pass filter. On day 5, we measured antioxidant protection factor, erythema, sunburn cells, and thymine dimers.. The combination of 15% L-ascorbic acid and 1% alpha-tocopherol provided significant protection against erythema and sunburn cell formation; either L-ascorbic acid or 1% alpha-tocopherol alone also was protective but the combination was superior. Application during 4 days provided progressive protection that yielded an antioxidant protection factor of 4-fold. In addition, the combination of vitamins C and E provided protection against thymine dimer formation.. Appreciable photoprotection can be obtained from the combination of topical vitamins C and E. We suggest that these natural products may protect against skin cancer and photoaging.

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Immunohistochemistry; Pyrimidine Dimers; Sunburn; Swine; Vitamin E

Acute effects of UV irradiation include UV-induced erythema. Sunlight plays an important role in the development of skin cancer. Several predictive factors of UV-induced erythema could also be predictive for skin cancer.. Our objective was to quantitatively assess phenotypical and nutritional determinants of sensitivity to UV irradiation, as assessed by the minimal erythema dose (MED).. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 335 volunteers. Sensitivity to UV irradiation was established through assessment of the MED. Phenotypical determinants, including skin melanin content, hair color and iris color were determined by skin reflectance spectrometry, a subjective questionnaire and an objective classification system, respectively. Furthermore, dietary exposure was measured by carotenoids, vitamin C, retinol and alpha-tocopherol in serum.. Male subjects were found to be more sensitive to UV irradiation; that is, the MED was significantly lower compared to female subjects. Skin melanin content, which was positively associated with iris color in both sexes and with hair color in men, was the main phenotypical determinant of sensitivity to UV irradiation. No associations were found between serum carotenoids and MED in the total study group. Vitamin C was inversely associated with MED. However, associations between carotenoids concentrations and MED showed a positive trend in subjects with melanin values above and a negative trend in subjects below the median after adjustment for gender and total cholesterol.. Skin melanin content and gender are important determinants of sensitivity to UV irradiation. No relation was found between serum carotenoids and MED in the total study group. The inverse association between vitamin C and MED was against our hypothesis. For the modifying effect of melanin on the association between carotenoids and MED, we do not have a clear biological explanation.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Carotenoids; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Erythema; Eye Color; Female; Hair Color; Humans; Male; Melanins; Middle Aged; Sex Factors; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Skin Pigmentation; Ultraviolet Rays

Previous studies of cultured skin cells and murine skin in vivo have indicated that UVR-induced damage involves the generation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of endogenous antioxidant systems. In order to explore the relevance of this to UVR-induced damage to human skin, we have undertaken a detailed examination of the time-course of changes in markers of oxidative stress in human skin following exposure to physiological amounts of UVR in vivo. In addition, we have examined the skin bioavailability of a common nutritional antioxidant, vitamin C, and have assessed the effects of supplementation on markers of oxidative stress. Our hypothesis was that acute exposure of human skin to UVR in vivo would lead to oxidation of cellular biomolecules that could be prevented by prior vitamin C treatment. A UVR-challenge of 120 mJ/cm2 of broadband UVB (peak 310 nm, range 270-400 nm) was applied to buttock skin of 8 healthy volunteers. This caused a rapid and significant rise in activity of skin catalase at 1 h and an increase in the oxidized/total glutathione ratio at 6 h post-UVR. AP-1 DNA binding also peaked at 1-6 h post-UVR, then declined rapidly to baseline levels. No significant changes were seen in skin malonaldehyde content. Oral vitamin C supplements (500 mg/day) were taken by 12 volunteers for 8 weeks resulting in significant rises in plasma and skin vitamin C content. Supplementation had no effect on the UVR-induced erythemal response. The skin malonaldehyde content was reduced by vitamin C supplementation, but surprisingly, reductions in the skin content of total glutathione and protein thiols were also seen. We speculate that this apparently paradoxical effect could be due to regulation of total reductant capacity by skin cells, such that vitamin C may have been replacing other reductants in these cells. No evidence was obtained for an effect of the supplementary vitamin C on the mild oxidative stress seen in human skin following UVR exposure.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Biopsy; Catalase; Dietary Supplements; DNA; Erythema; Fatty Acids; Female; Free Radicals; Glutathione; Humans; Male; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Protein Binding; Reactive Oxygen Species; Skin; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Time Factors; Transcription Factor AP-1; Transcription Factors; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

Exposure of C3HBYB/Wq hairless (hr/hr) mice to ultra-violet radiation (UVR) for 15 days induced intense tanning of their dorsal skin. Small, dark freckles appeared first, gradually enlarging and coalescing as treatment progressed yielding a uniform tan. Histologically, the gross changes in skin color were matched initially by the appearance of scattered epidermal melanocytes that subsequently proliferated to form discrete, progressively expanding and abutting populations resulting in a uniform melanocyte network throughout the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis. In contrast, when applied topically before each daily exposure to UVR, a cream or lotion vehicle containing both vitamins C and E (Vits C/E) inhibited UVR-induced erythema and tanning. Application of Vits C/E, both before and after irradiation, was no more effective in providing photoprotection than pre-treatment only. At the tissue level, UVR-induced proliferation and melanogenesis of melanocytes were reduced compared with irradiated controls. The density of individual melanocyte populations was reduced, as was the number of melanocyte populations achieving merger (confluence) with others. Confluence grades and cell counts, estimating the maximum density of melanocyte populations in UVR-Vits C/E-treated mice, were approximately two thirds those of UVR-vehicle-treated controls. However, tanning was only one fifth that of UVR-vehicle-treated controls, suggesting that melanogenesis was also inhibited. In addition to its inhibitory actions on irradiated melanocytes, Vits C/E also inhibited UVR-induced suppression of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in haired (Hr/hr) and hr/hr mice of the C3HBYB/Wq strain. The common denominators for most, if not all, of the influences of topically-applied Vits C/E in muting the responses of the melanocyte and immune systems to UVR may stem from the vitamins' combined ability to suppress UVR-stimulated inflammation and its associated cascade of mediators.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cell Division; Dermatitis, Contact; Epidermal Cells; Epidermis; Erythema; Immunosuppression Therapy; Melanins; Melanocytes; Mice; Mice, Hairless; Mice, Inbred C3H; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin E

Postoperative erythema of several months duration is a universal and problematic side effect of cutaneous carbon dioxide (CO2) laser resurfacing.. This study was conducted in order to determine the effectiveness of two formulations of topical ascorbic acid in reducing the degree and duration of post-CO2 laser resurfacing erythema.. The application of topical L-ascorbic acid in an aqueous formulation resulted in a significant decrease in post-CO2 laser resurfacing erythema by the eighth postoperative week when compared with laser-irradiated skin that had not received topical vitamin C. The application of topical ascorbic acid in a cream formulation did not result in a significant reduction in post-CO2 laser resurfacing erythema.. Topical L-ascorbic acid, when used in an appropriate vehicle and when initiated at an appropriate postoperative period, may decrease the degree and duration of erythema after cutaneous CO2 laser resurfacing. It is presumed that the anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin C is responsible for the clinical changes observed in this study.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Erythema; Female; Humans; Laser Therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Rhytidoplasty

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Diet; Ecchymosis; Erythema; Humans; Male; Scurvy; Skin

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Erythema; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Riboflavin; Tetracycline; Thiamine; Tick Toxicoses

Topics: Adrenal Glands; Aminopyrine; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Ascorbic Acid; Aspirin; Benzoates; Capillary Permeability; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Edema; Erythema; Flufenamic Acid; Gastric Mucosa; Granuloma; Mefenamic Acid; Phenylbutazone; Phenylenediamines; Prednisolone; Rats; Thymus Gland

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Ascorbic Acid; Aspirin; Carrageenan; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Erythema; Female; Freund's Adjuvant; Glucuronidase; Guinea Pigs; In Vitro Techniques; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Phenylbutazone; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Ultraviolet Rays

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Amino Acids; Ascorbic Acid; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Contact; Dermatology; Drug Eruptions; Eczema; Erythema; Glutamates; Melanosis; Neurodermatitis; Pantothenic Acid; Polyarteritis Nodosa; Psoriasis; Tablets; Tiopronin; Toxicology; Urticaria