ascorbic-acid and Cicatrix

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid (AA), is involved in all phases of wound healing. In the inflammatory phase it is required for neutrophil apoptosis and clearance. During the proliferative phase, AA contributes towards synthesis, maturation, secretion and degradation of collagen. Deficiencies affect the maturation phase by altering collagen production and scar formation. The body strives to maintain homeostasis of AA, thereby ensuring availability for collagen synthesis. After wounding, plasma and tissue levels of AA diminish and, as a consequence, supplements may be useful for healing, although levels beyond saturation are excreted Clinicians need to be aware of both the nutritional status of patients with either acute or chronic wounds and the possibility of any AA deficiency which may hinder healing.

Topics: Apoptosis; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Cicatrix; Collagen; Humans; Wound Healing

Topics: Aging; Agranulocytosis; Anemia; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Collagen; Contracture; Drainage; Endothelium; Fibroblasts; Foreign Bodies; Granulation Tissue; Hematoma; Humans; Neutrophils; Protein Deficiency; Recurrence; Skin; Steroids; Stress, Mechanical; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Wound Healing; Wound Infection

Topics: Anemia; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Biomechanical Phenomena; Cicatrix; Collagen; Denervation; Fibrin; Fibroblasts; Glucocorticoids; Glycoproteins; Glycosaminoglycans; Granulation Tissue; Guinea Pigs; Histamine; Humans; Lathyrism; Microbial Collagenase; Oxygen; Rabbits; Rats; Species Specificity; Stress, Physiological; Time Factors; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Blood Circulation; Cicatrix; Collagen; Humans; Proteins; Wound Healing

Scarring can jeopardize the final result of plastic surgeries. Deep dermal injuries activate dermal fibroblasts that produce excessive amount of collagen and inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, which contributes to increased fibrous tissue and scarring tissue formation.. The aim of this early study, double-blind, prospective, randomised clinical trial was to investigate the use of laser-assisted drug delivery (LADD) for scar improvement to support the establishment of LADD as standard therapy modality and to indicate suitable drugs for dermal administration.. In total, 132 patients seeking scar treatment were consented and randomised. The control group (64 patients) received laser resurfacing immediately followed by skin surface application of Vitamin C and 68 patients received laser treatment followed by skin surface application of a cosmeceutical containing growth factors (GFs) and Vitamin C. Photographs were obtained before and three months after the procedure and submitted to three-dimensional reconstruction by the software Dermapix. There was a significant reduction in scar roughness and volume in both groups (p < 0.01). Mann-Whitney test confirmed that the group treated vitamin C and GFs presented significantly better results than the group treated with vitamin C alone (p < 0.01).. LADD has proven efficient as scars were reduced in both study groups. Furthermore, the addition of growth factors provided statistically significant better outcomes and resulted in more inconspicuous scars. No adverse reactions were observed.. Plataforma Brasil under the number CAAE: 63710716.2.0000.5664.. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors   www.springer.com/00266 .

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Double-Blind Method; Esthetics; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lasers; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Cosmeceuticals; Drug Combinations; Erythema; Female; Glyceryl Ethers; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Male; Skin Cream; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

Post acne scars following sebaceous injury and abnormal wound healing during the course of acne is a prevalent and challenging to treat condition To evaluate microneedling by dermapen with topical vitamin C versus microneedling with topical insulin in treating atrophic post-acne scars. A split-face comparative study included 30 subjects with atrophic post-acne scars. Human insulin was topically applied to the left side of the face and on the right side, vitamin C serum was applied. Scars were assessed via the Acne Scar Assessment Scale (ASAS) and Scar quartile grading scale (SQGS). After 1 month of 4 treatments, a statistically significant mean improvement in ASAS value was reported on both split sides of the face (2.13 and 1.83) compared to baseline (3.03 and 2.93) (p = 0.005; p = 0.001 respectively). When compared to baseline, the mean ASAS value improved significantly with a slight more improvement on the vitamin c treated side. Topical insulin and vitamin c combined with microneedling, may both achieve comparable significant improvement for treating post acne scars. Insulin can be a promising novel anti-scarring therapy pending larger controlled studies to verify its efficacy.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Ascorbic Acid; Atrophy; Cicatrix; Connective Tissue Diseases; Cosmetic Techniques; Humans; Insulin; Needles; Treatment Outcome

Knee arthrofibrosis is a common complication of knee surgery, caused by excessive scar tissue, which results in functional disability. However, no curative treatment has been established. E8002 is an anti-adhesion material that contains L-ascorbic acid, an antioxidant. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of E8002 for the prevention of knee arthrofibrosis in a rat model, comprising injury to the surface of the femur and quadriceps muscle 1 cm proximal to the patella. Sixteen male, 8-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were studied: in the Adhesion group, haemorrhagic injury was induced to the quadriceps and bone, and in the E8002 group, an adhesion-preventing film was implanted between the quadriceps and femur after injury. Six weeks following injury, the restriction of knee flexion owing to fibrotic scarring had not worsened in the E8002 group but had worsened in the Adhesion group. The area of fibrotic scarring was smaller in the E8002 group than in the Adhesion group (

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Fibrosis; Joint Diseases; Knee Injuries; Knee Joint; Male; Membranes, Artificial; Polyesters; Range of Motion, Articular; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Tissue Adhesions

A double-blind controlled trial initiated in 1944 has led to the common narrative that a 10-mg daily vitamin C intake is adequate to prevent and treat impaired wound healing, and by inference, other collagen-related diseases such as heart disease or stroke. The WHO relies on this narrative to set the recommended nutrient intake for vitamin C. This narrative, however, is based on what is known as the eyeball method of data assessment. The 1944 trial published individual participant data on scar strength providing an opportunity to statistically probe the validity of the 10-mg narrative, something which has not yet been done. The findings show that a vitamin C intake that averages to 10 mg/d over a mean follow-up of 11.5 mo was associated with a 42% weakened scar strength when compared with 80 mg vitamin C intake/d (P < 0.001). The observed dose-response curve between scar strength and vitamin C intake suggests that the daily vitamin C intake needed to prevent collagen-related pathologies is in the range recommended by the National Academy of Medicine and the European Food Safety Authority (75 to 110 mg/d), not the WHO recommendation (45 mg/d). The findings also show that a vitamin C intake that averages to 65 mg/d over a mean follow-up of 6.5 mo failed to restore the normal wound-healing capacity of vitamin C-depleted tissues; such tissues had a 49% weaker scar strength when compared with nondepleted tissues (P < 0.05). Thus, average daily vitamin C intakes ∼50% higher than the WHO recommends may fail to treat existing collagen-related pathologies. It is concluded that the prior lack of statistical analyses of a landmark trial may have led to a misleading narrative on the vitamin C needs for the prevention and treatment of collagen-related pathologies.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Collagen Diseases; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Double-Blind Method; History, 20th Century; Humans; Nutritional Requirements; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Vitamins

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Lasers; Treatment Outcome

Perineural adhesions leading to neuropathy are one of the most undesirable consequences of peripheral nerve surgery. However, there are currently no widely used compounds with anti-adhesive effects in the field of peripheral nerve surgery. E8002 is a novel, anti-adhesive, multi-layer membrane that contains L-ascorbic acid (AA). Here, we investigated the effect and mechanism of E8002 in a rat sciatic nerve adhesion model. A total of 21 rats were used. Six weeks after surgery, macroscopic adhesion scores were significantly lower in the E8002 group (adhesion procedure followed by nerve wrapping with E8002) compared to the E8002 AA(-) group (adhesion procedure followed by nerve wrapping with the E8002 membrane excluding AA) and adhesion group (adhesion procedure but no treatment). Correspondingly, a microscopic examination revealed prominent scar tissue in the E8002 AA(-) and adhesion groups. Furthermore, an in vitro study using human blood samples showed that AA enhanced tissue-type, plasminogen activator-mediated fibrinolysis. Altogether, these results suggest that E8002 may exert an anti-adhesive action via AA and the regulation of fibrinolysis.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Biocompatible Materials; Cicatrix; Female; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Male; Membranes, Artificial; Middle Aged; Polyesters; Polymers; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sciatic Nerve; Thrombolytic Therapy; Tissue Adhesions; Wound Healing

Hypoxia resulting in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) induction is known to drive scar formation during cutaneous wound healing, and may be responsible for excessive fibrosis inherent to hypertrophic scars and keloids. Because epigenetic pathways play an important role in regulation of fibrosing processes, we evaluated patient scars for DNA hydroxymethylation (5-hydroxymethylcytosine; 5-hmC) status and documented a significant decrease in scar fibroblasts. To test this finding in vitro, human fibroblasts were cultured with cobalt chloride (CoCl

Topics: 5-Methylcytosine; Ascorbic Acid; Cell Hypoxia; Cells, Cultured; Cicatrix; Dioxygenases; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Fibroblasts; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Gene Expression; Humans; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

Scar formation remains a major clinical concern following tissue injuries such as skin wounds. Adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) sheets can be fabricated quickly through stimulation with l-ascorbate 2-phosphate and have valuable applications in tissue regeneration and wound healing. However, the antifibrotic capability of ASCs in cell sheet format has not been sufficiently investigated. We employed a murine model of healing-impaired cutaneous wounds and observed faster wound healing with ASC sheet treatment. Significantly more engrafted ASCs were observed in the wound tissue treated with ASC sheets at 14 days after wounding compared with dissociated cells. Moreover, no ASCs were found at day 28, which indicated a minimal risk of long-term side effects. The neoskin formed in the presence of ASC sheets exhibited a thickness comparable to normal skin and possessed a highly organized collagen structure. ASC sheets also suppressed macrophage infiltration and modulated TNF-α and TGF-β1 expression in vivo. Examination of fibroblasts cultured in ASC-conditioned medium indicated an anti-scarring effect of the ASC sheets evidenced by the downregulation of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in fibroblasts, which was likely mediated through the increased secretion of hepatocyte growth factor. Moreover, ASC sheets secreted significantly more C1q/TNF-related protein-3, which inhibited the C-C motif ligand 2 release by macrophages in vitro and subsequently reduced the chemotaxis of unstimulated macrophages. This mechanism may account for the observed decrease in recruitment of macrophages into the wound tissue. We conclude that ASC sheets possess the necessary paracrine factors to improve skin wound healing with a superior neoskin quality.. Adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) sheets exhibit great potential for tissue regeneration. In this study, we investigated whether ASC sheets can ameliorate skin wound healing with reduced scar formation, and faster wound healing was observed when applying ASC sheets in an impaired wound healing model of mice. The neoskin formed in the presence of ASC sheets exhibited a thickness comparable to normal skin with a more organized collagen structure. In vitro experiments suggested that the anti-scarring effect of the ASC sheets was partly mediated through increased secretion of hepatocyte growth factor. Moreover, ASC sheets secreted significantly more C1q/TNF-related protein-3, which may account for the decreased recruitment of macrophages into the wound tissue. Therefore, ASC sheets possess the necessary paracrine factors to improve skin wound healing with less scarring, thus representing a desirable method of topical wound treatment.

Topics: Adipocytes; Adult; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Chemotaxis; Cicatrix; Female; Fibrosis; Humans; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Nude; Middle Aged; Regeneration; Regenerative Medicine; Skin; Stem Cell Transplantation; Stem Cells; Wound Healing

The standard management of acne vulgaris in Japan includes a combination of topical treatment with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and BPO/clindamycin (CLDM), topical adapalene and systemic antimicrobials. However, the treatment of therapy-resistant complications such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), erosions with inflamed red papules and atrophic scars has not been established. We performed chemical peeling with glycolic acid and iontophoresis with ascorbyl 2-phosphate 6-palmitate and DL-α-tocopherol phosphate for the treatment of PIH, erosions with inflamed red papules and non-inflamed atrophic scars in 31 patients with acne vulgaris (mild to severe severity), and evaluated the efficacy and safety of these interventions. In most of cases, there was remarkable improvement in PIH and erosions with inflamed red papules after treatment. There was also some improvement in non-inflamed atrophic scars without erythema. Mild redness and irritation was observed in four cases as adverse reactions. Early initial treatment of PIH and erosions with red papules by chemical peeling and iontophoresis is an effective and safe method to prevent the formation of atrophic scars in patients with acne vulgaris.

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adapalene; Adolescent; Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Anti-Infective Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Atrophy; Benzoyl Peroxide; Chemexfoliation; Cicatrix; Clindamycin; Combined Modality Therapy; Erythema; Female; Glycolates; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Iontophoresis; Japan; Male; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult

To study the clinical effects of gabapentin on the treatment of pruritus of scar resulting from deep partial-thickness burn.. A total of fifty-eight patients suffering from pruritus of scar after deep partial-thickness burn were hospitalized from January 2013 to January 2014. Patients were divided into placebo group (n =18, treated with oral vitamin C in the dose of 100 mg for 4 weeks, twice per day) , cetirizine group (n = 20, treated with oral cetirizine in the dose of 10 mg for 4 weeks, twice per day) , and gabapentin group (n = 20, treated with oral gabapentin in the dose of 300 mg for 4 weeks, twice per day) . Before treatment and on post treatment day (PTD) 3 and 28, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess the itching degree, and the mean scores were recorded. The remission rates of pruritus on PTD 3 and 28 were calculated. The adverse effects were observed during treatment. Data were processed with analysis of variance, q test, and chi-square test.. Compared with that before treatment, the itching degree of patients with light, moderate, and severe itching in placebo group was not relieved after treatment; the itching degree of patients with moderate or severe itching in cetirizine group was alleviated after treatment, but not in patients with light itching; itching degree of all patients in gabapentin group was significantly relieved after treatment. There were no obvious differences in VAS scores among the 3 groups before treatment (F = 2.78, P > 0.05). On PTD 3 and 28, the VAS scores of patients in both gabapentin group [(2.3 ± 0.8) and (0.6 ± 0.3) points] and cetirizine group [(4.2 ± 1.7) and (2.8 ± 1.2) points] were lower than those in placebo group [(5.7 ± 2.0) and (5.7 ± 1.9) points, with q values from 6.70 to 7.75, P values below 0.05]. The VAS scores of patients in gabapentin group on PTD 3 and 28 were lower than those in cetirizine group (with q values respectively 6.30 and 6.90, P values below 0.05). The remission rates of pruritus of patients in gabapentin group on PTD 3 and 28 were respectively (66 ± 20)% and (91 ± 17)%, and they were higher than those in cetirizine group [(33 ± 8)% and (56 ± 14)%, with q values respectively 4.70 and 3.82, P values below 0.05]. The remission rate of pruritus of patients in placebo group on PTD 3 and 28 was 0, which was lower than that of the other 2 groups each (with q values from 3.94 to 6.76, P values below 0.05). During the course of treatment, 5 patients in gabapentin group suffered from adverse effects including mild-to-moderate drowsiness and dizziness, but they disappeared one week later. No adverse effects were observed in patients of the other two groups.. For patients with deep partial-thickness burn, gabapentin can effectively alleviate scar itching after wound healing with safety.

Topics: Amines; Analgesics; Ascorbic Acid; Burns; Cetirizine; Cicatrix; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Pruritus; Skin Transplantation; Treatment Outcome; Visual Analog Scale; Wound Healing

The benefits and risks of singular and repetitive microneedling (1 mm) have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits and risks of singular and repetitive skin needling with a microneedling device in an animal model with and without skincare. 30 Sprague Dawley rats were randomized to five groups: control, skin-care only (Vitamin A & C), 1× needling 1 mm, 4× needling 1 mm, 4× needling 1 mm with skin-care. All animals were euthanized after 10 weeks. Skin specimens were stained with HE and Masson's trichrome. Additionally, gene expression analysis with microarray technique for various growth factors (TGFβ1-3, FGF, EGF, VEGF, TNF-α) and real time reverse transcription PCR for collagen I & III were conducted. We showed that singular microneedling matches and repetitive microneedling sessions superposition epidermal and dermal benefits such as an increase of epidermal thickness (up to 658% increase, p value 0.0008) and dermal connective tissue--even more so when combined with skin-care with vitamin A and C. Juvenile collagen I showed itself up-regulated in all groups, while collagen III was down-regulated. Singular and repetitive PCI with a microneedling device can achieve and supersede the results already shown with medical needling.

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Collagen Type I; Collagen Type III; Dermis; Epidermis; Needles; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regeneration; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Skin Care; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Vitamin A; Vitamins

In Asians, facial scars, even fine surgical scars, often can be conspicuous and uncomfortable. The authors used a topical silicone gel containing vitamin C on facial scars for the purpose of making the scar less distinct.. The study enrolled 80 patients. For the experimental group, the topical silicone gel mixture containing vitamin C was applied from the time of stitch removal to 6 months after the operation. The control group did not undergo any adjunctive treatment. Each participant was evaluated using the modified Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) as well as erythema and melanin indices by spectrophotometer.. With the modified VSS, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in scar elevation (p = 0.026) and erythema (p = 0.025). The hypo- or hyperpigmentation of the scars was more normalized in the experimental group. In the measured results via spectrophotometer, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in the melanin index (p = 0.045). The erythema index showed a statistically significant difference between the time of stitch removal and 6 months after the operation in the experiment group only.. Topical use of silicone gel containing vitamin C has the effect of improving the appearance of fine surgical scars in Asian facial skin.. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Asian People; Cicatrix; Cohort Studies; Drug Combinations; Esthetics; Facial Injuries; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Silicone Gels; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing; Young Adult

Despite numerous advances and improvements in surgical techniques the incidence of incisional hernias after laparotomy remains high. The aim of this study was to investigate possible effects of single application of ascorbic acid, stanozolol, a synthetic anabolic steroid, copper peptide and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) on laparotomy wound healing in an incisional wound model in diabetic mice. After diabetes induction with streptozotozin in Balb-c mice, midline laparatomies were carried out. Closure of the linea alba was followed by single-dose application of the agents dissolved in a hydrogel before skin closure. The functional outcome was assessed in terms of maximum tensile strength. In addition, vessel densities, collagen contents and proliferation, were measured. The breaking strength of the skin 14 days after surgery was significantly higher in ascorbic acid (ΑΑ)-treated incisional wounds, whereas the other agents did not show a significantly better functional outcome. No significant differences were seen in vessel densities. Collagen type III contents was higher in the ΑΑ-treated animals, whereas the percentage of Ki67-positive nuclei was lower compared to the other groups. These data underline the positive effect of topically applied ascorbic acid in wound healing.

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Copper; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fibrillar Collagens; Hydrogels; Laparotomy; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Peptides; Stanozolol; Tensile Strength; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Wound Healing

This study aims to evaluate percutaneous collagen induction (PCI) in post-burn scarring.. Patients with scarring after burn frequently request help in improving the aesthetic appearance of their residual cicatricial deformity. Their scars are generally treated by tissue transfer, W- and Z-plasties, flaps, cortisone injections or ablative procedures that injure or destroy the epidermis and its basement membrane and subsequently lead to fibrosis of the papillary dermis. The ideal treatment would be to preserve the epidermis and promote normal collagen and elastin formation in the dermis.. A total of 16 consecutive patients (average age: 37+/-15.5 years, average body mass index (BMI): 25.7) in Germany with post-burn scarring.. PCI using the Medical Roll-CIT (Vivida, Cape Town, South Africa). This device was designed to multiply-puncture the skin to the level of the dermal scar to institute remodelling. Patients were prepared with topical vitamin A and C cosmetic creams for a minimum of 4 weeks preoperatively to maximise collagen stimulation.. The outcome was measured rating (visual analogue scale (VAS) and Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS)), histological specimen 12 months after intervention.. On average, patients rated their improvement as a mean of 80% better (+/-15.5) than before treatment. Histologic examination revealed considerable increase in collagen and elastin deposition 12 months postoperatively. The epidermis demonstrated 45% thickening of stratum spinosum and normal rete ridges as well as the normalisation of the collagen/elastin matrix in the reticular dermis at 1 year postoperatively.. This pilot study shows that PCI appears to be a safe method for treating post-burn scarring without destroying the epidermis. The procedure can be repeated safely and is also applicable in regions where laser treatments and deep peels are of limited use. However, it is necessary to initiate an efficacy trial to prove the data of this pilot study.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Burns; Cicatrix; Cohort Studies; Collagen; Elastin; Epidermis; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Patient Satisfaction; Pilot Projects; Preoperative Care; Punctures; Vitamin A

Renal scars have been considered to occur in later stages of chronic pyelonephritis. In our experimental pyelonephritis model, bacteria which possessed mannose-sensitive (MS) pili on the surface promoted renal scarring following inoculation to the renal parenchyma. Polyethylene glycol-modified superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD) and 2-O-octadecylascorbic acid (CV3611) significantly suppressed scarring when administered orally or parenterally during the early stage of kidney infection with MS-piliated bacteria. These findings suggest that the superoxide and other active oxygens play an important role in renal scarring following infection and that PEG-SOD and CV3611 may be agents capable of preventing renal scarring following bacterial pyelonephritis.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Fimbriae, Bacterial; Kidney; Mannose; Polyethylene Glycols; Pyelonephritis; Rats; Serratia Infections; Serratia marcescens; Superoxide Dismutase

Wound contraction and scar contracture were studied in guinea pigs deficient (stage I) and nondeficient in vitamin C (stage II). Some vitamin C-deficient and some nondeficient animals were subjected to excision of an ellipse of skin measuring 40 X 20 mm in an area not containing panniculus carnosus. The wounds were approximated without undermining. In other animals, the same type of excision was carried out; however, the wounds were left unapproximated. Wound contraction was studied in the unapproximated group and scar contracture was studied in both groups for six months postoperatively. Scar contracture was found to be more significant in animals with unapproximated wounds who were on regular diets, implying a role for vitamin C in this process. Wound contraction was noted to take place in scorbutic and non-scorbutic groups at the same rate. These findings are in line with previous studies done in areas containing panniculus carnosus, implying that the role of this cutaneous muscle in contraction and contracture is not essential in either deficient or nondeficient states. Two animals also developed a remarkably thicker scar than their counterparts while in a deficient state. The relationship between vitamin C deficiency and the formation of hypertrophic scar in guinea pigs is postulated.

Topics: Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Cicatrix; Contracture; Female; Guinea Pigs; Skin; Time Factors; Wound Healing

Penfield proposed that the meningocerebral scar that forms following trauma to the brain plays an important role in the development of posttraumatic epilepsy. Although the epileptogenic scar has come to be widely accepted as a cause of epilepsy, there is no direct evidence that scar formation contributes to epileptogenesis. This current study showed that procedures that control the development of collagen in a fibroblastic scar may modify the development of epilepsy. Epilepsy induced in the guinea pig by injection of metallic aluminum powder into the cerebral cortex was used as a model of posttraumatic epilepsy. Following application of aluminum and implantation of epidural electrodes, animals received either daily injections of prednisolone or an ascorbic acid-deficient diet to block scar formation. Control animals also had an injection of aluminum, but afterward received saline injections or a normal diet. Control animals developed epileptic spikes and often exhibited focal seizures. All manifestations of epileptogenesis were markedly reduced in animals treated with prednisolone or the ascorbic acid-deficient diet. The reduction in epileptiform activity corresponded to reduced collagenous scar formation in the treated animals. Although effective when given prophylactically, prednisolone did not inhibit the activity of an already established epileptic focus whether induced by aluminum or by amygdala kindling, nor did it block pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. The finding that epileptogenesis is blocked by two procedures that inhibit scar formation but show no evidence of a direct anticonvulsant effect, suggests that scar formation is a significant factor in epileptogenesis induced by metallic aluminum. The collagenous component appears to be more significant than the glial component of the scar.

Topics: Action Potentials; Aluminum Oxide; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Brain; Cicatrix; Collagen; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Fibroblasts; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Guinea Pigs; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Prednisolone

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Ascorbic Acid; Bandages; Breast; Cicatrix; Eyelids; Face; Humans; Keloid; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Rhinoplasty; Splints; Surgery, Plastic; Suture Techniques; Tranquilizing Agents; Wound Healing

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Collagen; Humans; Keloid; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Proline; Skin; Tritium

Topics: Amino Sugars; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Cicatrix; Collagen; Connective Tissue; Guinea Pigs; Hexosamines

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Catalysis; Cicatrix; Flavonoids; Humans; Vitamins; Wounds and Injuries