ascorbic-acid and Bacterial-Infections

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Bandages; Debridement; Humans; Pressure Ulcer; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Wound Healing

The use of cytochemical, electron microscopic, immunofluorescent, and tissue culture techniques has led to important advances in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of the Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS). This rare and fatal autosomal recessive disorder is clinically characterized by partial albinism, frequent pyogenic infections, and an accelerated lymphohistiocytic phase. The pathological hallmark of CHS is the presence in all white blood cells of massive lysosomal inclusions, which are formed through a combined process of fusion, cytoplasmic injury, and phagocytosis. The abnormal inclusions exhibit both azurophilic and specific granular markers, and are probably responsible for most of the impaired leukocyte and other cell functions in CHS patients. In addition, a selective profound natural killer (NK) cell function and platelet storage pool deficiencies have been described in these patients. Impaired microtubule assembly and functions, mediated by abnormal intracellular cyclic nucleotide levels, which could be corrected by treatment with ascorbic acid, were suggested to be the pathophysiological basis for CHS abnormalities. However, some recent studies have questioned this cytoskeletal model, which is suggested to be rather a secondary manifestation of CHS.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Bone Marrow; Chediak-Higashi Syndrome; Cytoplasmic Granules; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Killer Cells, Natural; Leukocytes; Microscopy, Electron; Microtubules

Topics: Adrenal Cortex; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Carbimazole; Dexamethasone; Estradiol; Male; Metyrapone; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Gland, Anterior; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stress, Physiological; Testis; Testosterone; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Hormones

Topics: Adult; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antibody Formation; Ascorbic Acid; Autoimmune Diseases; Bacterial Infections; Chemotaxis; Common Cold; Female; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Male; Phagocytes; Phagocytosis; T-Lymphocytes; Virus Diseases

Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Cholesterol; Diet; Dietary Fats; Dietary Proteins; Energy Metabolism; Female; Hormones; Humans; Lactation; Male; Minerals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritional Requirements; Pregnancy; Proteins; Stress, Physiological; Vitamin A; Vitamins; Work

Mammalian response to injury essentially is that of tissue repair and re-epithelialization. The most important component of repair tissue is collagen, and after injury collagen turnover is greatly increased. Collagen biosynthesis is initiated by nuclear DNA of fibroblasts; the steps in biosynthesis are complex but studies of collagen biosynthesis may eventually have clinical potential. Normally, wound healing lasts for up to 2 years but nutritional and metabolic factors, such as malnutrition, delay healing; hyperalimentation would likely be beneficial under these conditions. Other factors that influence wound healing are the oxygen tension in tissues, the hemodynamic status, and the effects of substances such as cortisone, vitamins A and C, and zinc.

Topics: Animals; Arteries; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Cell Nucleus; Collagen; Colon; Cortisone; DNA; Ear; Fibroblasts; Hemodynamics; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nutrition Disorders; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Research; Stress, Mechanical; Time Factors; Vitamin A; Wound Healing; Zinc

To investigate whether chronic bacterial prostatitis might increase oxidative stress and oxidative damage in chronic bacterial prostatitis patients (CBPP), and to explore its possible mechanism.. Enrolled in a case-control study were 70 randomly sampled CBPP and 70 randomly sampled healthy adult volunteers (HAV), on whom plasma nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and beta-carotene (beta-CAR) level, erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) level, as well as erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities were determined by spectrophotometry.. Compared with the HAV group, values of plasma NO and erythrocyte MDA in the CBPP group were significantly increased (P < 0.001); those of plasma VC, VE and beta-CAR as well as erythrocyte SOD, CAT and GPX activities in the CBPP group were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Findings from partial correlation for the 70 CBPP showed that with prolonged course of disease, values of NO and MDA were gradually increased (P < 0.001), and those of VC, VE, beta-CAR, SOD, CAT and GPX were gradually decreased (P < 0.05-0.001). The findings from stepwise regression for the 70 CBPP suggested that the model was Y = -13.2077 + 0.1894MDA + 0.0415NO - 0.1999GPX, F = 18.2047, P < 0.001, r = 0.6729, P < 0.001.. The findings suggest that there exist increased oxidative stress and oxidative damage induced by chronic bacterial prostatitis in the patients, and such phenomenon was closely related to the course of disease.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; beta Carotene; Case-Control Studies; Catalase; Erythrocytes; Glutathione Peroxidase; Humans; Male; Malondialdehyde; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Prostatitis; Reference Values; Superoxide Dismutase; Vitamin E

Many cystic fibrosis (CF) patients have increased circulating levels of oxidation products and/or decreased antioxidant status. This study investigated whether treatment of pulmonary exacerbations decreased oxidative stress in CF patients. Seventeen adult patients were studied at the beginning and end of treatment with intravenous antibiotics. Plasma concentrations of the antioxidants ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, uric acid and total reduced thiols, together with plasma retinol, lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels were determined. Median (interquartile range) pretreatment and post-treatment levels were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Clinical resolution was reflected by improved spirometry. Significant increases were observed in plasma ascorbic acid (pre 30.4 (15.7-38.6) microM, post 35.2 (27.3-49.6) microM), alpha-tocopherol (pre 19.7 (13.6-25.2) microM, post 25.2 (19.3-31.6) microM) and retinol (pre 1.9 (1.5-2.5) microM, post 2.7 (1.7-3.5) microM). No change in plasma total reduced thiols occurred following treatment (pre 409 (366-420) microM, post 392 (366-423) microM), whereas uric acid fell with treatment (pre 307 (274-394) microM, post 260 (216-317) microM). Neither plasma protein carbonyls or malondialdehyde levels altered with treatment (protein carbonyls pre 0.47 (0.28-1.27), post 0.67 (0.42-0.83) nM x mg protein(-1); malondialdehyde pre 0.75 (0.53-1.18), post 0.84 (0.65-1.15) microM). Lipid hydroperoxides levels did decrease following treatment (53 (18-85) versus 17 (10-55) nM). This study demonstrated that treatment of infective exacerbations resulted in increased plasma levels of some antioxidant vitamins. No immediate change in plasma protein oxidation was observed, but lipid oxidation was decreased.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Biomarkers; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Prognosis; Recurrence; Sputum; Statistics, Nonparametric; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin E

The results of a clinical trial of a new presentation designed for pediatric patients in 29 children are reported. Rectal temperature was recorded every 3 hours, for 12 hours. Patients were given a 12 mg/kg dose every 6 hours. A significant and satisfactory decrease in body temperature was observed. No undesirable side effects were recorded.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Administration, Oral; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Female; Fever; Humans; Male; Solutions; Virus Diseases

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; Common Cold; Humans; Leukocytes; Placebos

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a normal liver metabolite in most animals, with humans being a notable exception due to random genetic mutations that have occurred during our evolution [...].

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Epigenesis, Genetic; Humans; Neoplasms; Sepsis

The rapid mutation of drug-resistant bacteria and the serious lag of development of new antibiotics necessitate research on novel antibacterial agents. Nanomaterials with unique size effect and antibacterial mechanism could serve as an alternative for antibiotics, since they showed low possibility to develop drug-resistant bacteria. Here, an enzyme-responsive nanosystem, AA@Ru@HA-MoS

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Cell Survival; Disulfides; Doxorubicin; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Molybdenum; Mutation; Nanoparticles; Prodrugs; Ruthenium

The inappropriate and surfeit use of antibiotics have generated a hunt for safe and alternative antimicrobial agents against pathogenic bacteria. With the advancement in nanoscience and nanotechnology, promising opportunities for examining the bacterial effect of metal nanoparticles were demonstrated in literature. Focusing on this, our present study presentssynthesis of l-ascorbic coated gadolinium oxide nanoparticles via a simple precipitation route. Their complete characterization and detailed stability studies were carried out. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, confirming that l-ascorbic acid onto the surface of nanoparticles. The size and morphology were analyzed by Transmission electron Microcopy (TEM) and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) which reveals their spherical nature. The stability studies were performed to know about their chemical and colloidal stability. The synthesized nanoparticles were found to be non-toxic to HaCaT cells upto the concentration of 125 µg/mL. The antimicrobial effect of nanoparticles was analyzed against three bacterial strains; E. coli, S. aureus and S. typhimurium. To summarize, the synthesized nanoparticles are found to be safe and protective against pathogenic bacteria. They further can be explored in biomedical applications considering their non-toxic nature.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Cell Line; Chemical Precipitation; Escherichia coli; Gadolinium; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nanoparticles; Salmonella typhimurium; Staphylococcus aureus

A series of novel coumarin pyrazole hybrids of biological interest were synthesized from the hydrazones, carbazones and thiocarbazones via Vilsmeier Haack formylation reaction. These intermediates and formyl pyrazoles were evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Among the series, compounds 6g and 6h showed excellent antimicrobial activity against different bacterial and fungal strains and compounds 7g, 7h were found to be potent antioxidant agents in both DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Further, detailed quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis indicated the molecular parameters that contribute to increased potency of inhibition. The above findings would further encourage our understanding in employing coumarin pyrazole hybrids as potential antibiotic agents for treating infections caused by pathogenic microbes and fungi. Further, it also paves the way for exploration of these compounds as potential therapeutic agents to treat conditions arising because of excessive oxidative damage.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Coumarins; Fungi; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycoses; Pyrazoles; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship

In the present study, three series of dimethylamino curcuminoids viz. 4-phenylaminomethyl curcumin (3a-d), arylidene curcumin (3e) and pyrazole curcumin (3f-i) derivatives have been synthesized and studied for their in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Synthesized dimethylamino curcuminoid derivatives namely 3d, 3e, 3h and 3i have shown potent anti-inflammatory properties than parent curcumin. Molecular docking interactions of dimethylamino curcuminoids derivatives against cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) were studied.

Topics: Amination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Curcumin; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Humans; Methylation; Molecular Docking Simulation

A novel platform for targeted on-demand prodrug ascorbic acid (AA) delivery is fabricated using a bacterial hyaluronidase sensitive graphene-mesoporous silica nanosheet@hyaluronic acid-magnetic nanoparticles as the nanocarrier to treat bacterial infections. The released AA can be converted to detrimental •OH in situ on the surface of bacteria. With the chemo-photothermal synergistic effect, the designed antibacterial system can effectively inactivate bacteria and disperse stubborn biofilm.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Proteins; Drug Delivery Systems; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Prodrugs

A series of 1,2,4-(triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-6-yl)selenopheno[2,3-d]pyrimidines (10a-j) were synthesized with various substituted anilines and benzoic acids. Structures of newly synthesized compounds were established by IR, (1)H &(13)C NMR and LC-MS spectral data. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated by DPPH, NO and H2O2 radical scavenging methods. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram +ve and Gram -ve bacteria and antifungal activity by well diffusion method. Compounds 10d, 10h and 10i showed promising antioxidant, antibacterial as well as antifungal activity and these were found to be the most potent activity molecules when compared with that of standard drugs. Molecules docking studies have been performed on Staphylococcus aureus (SA) of Gram +ve bacteria.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Benzene Derivatives; Fungi; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Docking Simulation; Mycoses; Organoselenium Compounds; Pyrimidines; Thiadiazoles

In the present study, we investigated the possible involvement of oxidative stress in ciprofloxacin-induced cytotoxicity against several reference bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, and clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Oxidative stress was assessed by measurement of hydrogen peroxide generation using a FACScan flow cytometer. The antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin was assessed using the disk diffusion method and by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Ciprofloxacin induced a dose-dependent antibacterial activity against all bacteria where the highest tested concentration was 100 ug/ml. Results revealed that E. coli cells were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin (MIC = 0.21 μg/mL ± 0.087), P. aeruginosa and S. aureus cells were intermediately sensitive (MIC = 5.40 μg/mL ± 0.14; MIC = 3.42 μg/mL ± 0.377, respectively), and MRSA cells were highly resistant (MIC = 16.76 μg/mL ± 2.1). Pretreatment of E. coli cells with either vitamin E or vitamin C has significantly protected cells against ciprofloxacin-induced cytotoxicity. These results indicate the possible antagonistic properties for vitamins C or E when they are used concurrently with ciprofloxacin.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Ciprofloxacin; Drug Antagonism; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Vitamin E

Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Little is known about factors that alter the susceptibility to infection in the older population. This study in postmenopausal women examines health-related conditions and behavioral factors that may increase the risk of frequent infections, defined as having, on average, one or more infections per year.. A prospective cohort study with 5 years of follow-up was conducted in 1320 women aged 55 to 80 years. The subjects were Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound (GHC) enrollees screened for a large fracture prevention trial who also participated in a survey of dietary and supplemental vitamin use. The main outcome, total number of infection events per subject, was derived from a new method of identifying outpatient infections based on the antimicrobial prescription fills recorded in GHC automated pharmacy records.. Prevalent lung disease (OR = 6.1, 95% CI 2.8-13.4), receiving a prescription for vitamin C (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.4), and the second and third tertiles of the Chronic Disease Score (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.7 and OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.5-3.9, respectively) were associated with 5 or more antimicrobial-treated infections during follow-up. A body mass index (BMI) of less than 22 kg/m2 (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-1.0) was suggestive of an association.. The study provides new information on risk factors for outpatient infections and raises new questions regarding the susceptibility to frequent infections in older women. In addition, the automated pharmacy record method used in this study offers a low-cost alternative for use in future epidemiologic research.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Logistic Models; Middle Aged; Outpatients; Pharmacy; Postmenopause; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors

High dose intravenous(i.v.) ascorbic acid (AA) has been used as therapy for infectious disease from bacterial and viral origin and adjuvant therapy for cancer. In this publication we describe a clinical protocol that has been developed over the past twenty years utilizing high dose i.v. AA as therapy for cancer. This includes principles of treatment, rationale, baseline workup, infusion protocol, precautions and side effects.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Clinical Protocols; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Neoplasms; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Virus Diseases

Study of relationship between the content of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products in the blood of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and resistance to infectious inflammatory complications (IIC) of transurethral electroresection of the prostate showed that decreased content of circulating lipoperoxides promoted the development of postoperative IIC. Before the operation blood levels of LPO products were increased in BPH patients who did not develop IIC postoperation in comparison with normal controls. Three intravenous injections of ascorbic acid in a single dose of 1000 mg after transurethral electroresection of the prostate led to an increase in the blood level of LPO products and promoted a decrease in the incidence of postoperative IIC.

Topics: Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Biomarkers; Humans; Inflammation; Injections, Intravenous; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Postoperative Complications; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Escherichia coli Infections; Indoles; Mice; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Antiviral Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Glucans; Humans; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immune System Diseases; Inosine; Inosine Pranobex; Levamisole; Lymphocyte Activation; Mycoses; Phagocytosis; Rosette Formation; T-Lymphocytes; Thymus Hormones; Tilorone; Transfer Factor; Virus Diseases

Topics: 4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Blood Bactericidal Activity; Child; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Cytochalasin B; Ethylmaleimide; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic; Humans; Indomethacin; Luminescent Measurements; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Peroxidase; Phenothiazines; Phenylbutazone

Ten patients with neutrophil dysfunctions and recurrent pyogenic infections, mainly of the skin middle-ear, and respiratory tract, are described. The most frequently affected functions were chemotaxis and bacterial killing. Pharmacologic restoration of functional defects was tried in all cases. Levamisole was given in two cases and ascorbic acid in the other eight cases. During a follow up of at least 18 months, seven patients showed a complete restoration of neutrophil function and a long-lasting clinical remission. One of the two patients with Chronic Granulomatous Disease has been free from infections for 1 year, despite persistent neutrophil dysfunction, while the other did not display consistent clinical improvement. Another patient, who was given ascorbic acid for a short period only due to non compliance, showed neither laboratory nor clinical improvement.

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Child; Child, Preschool; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Infant; Levamisole; Male; Neutrophils; Otitis Media; Phagocytosis; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Diarrhea; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans; Infant; Infectious Mononucleosis

Abnormal in vitro neutrophil motility was found in 10 patients with recurrent bacterial infection. The defect appeared to be primary in 3 patients, secondary to hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E in 2 patients and secondary to bacterial infection in 5 patients. In 7 patients impaired polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) motility was the only detectable abnormality; defective lymphocyte function was found in 2 patients and 1 had a total IgA deficiency. Increased random motility and migration to endotoxin-activated serum (EAS) and partially purified C5a was observed when patients' neutrophils were incubated with 5 x 10(-2)M calcium ascorbate or 10(-1)M sodium ascorbate in the presence of 5% autologous serum in vitro. Six of the patients, 4 children and 2 adults, were given oral ascorbate, 1 g daily for children and 3 g daily for adults, and tests of neutrophil migration were performed at monthly intervals thereafter. Improved neutrophil motility was observed in all patients and this correlated with clinical improvement in 5 of the 6.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Calcium; Cell Movement; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Neutrophils; Recurrence; Sodium; Stimulation, Chemical

A Candida albicans corneal ulcer developed in a 24-year-old man with a history of eczema, asthma, and multiple bacterial infections since childhood. The infection responded well to oral flucytosine (12 g/day for 15 days) and topical amphotericin B. Positive laboratory findings included eosinophilla, hyperimmunoglobulinemia E, and impaired neutrophil and monocyte spontaneous migration and chemotactic responses. Ascorbic acid corrected the monocyte defect in vitro and in vivo, but had no effect on neutrophil function.

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Candidiasis; Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; Corneal Ulcer; Humans; Hypergammaglobulinemia; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunoglobulin E; Infections; Male; Monocytes; Neutrophils; Recurrence; Syndrome

Topics: Adult; American Medical Association; Ascorbic Acid; Attitude of Health Personnel; Bacterial Infections; Bacteriuria; Child; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Methenamine; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim; United States; United States Food and Drug Administration; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Aeromonas; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Bacterial Infections; Body Weight; Environment; Eukaryota; Fish Diseases; Fisheries; Fishes; Gills; Kidney; Liver; Lordosis; Nutritional Requirements; Pigmentation Disorders; Scoliosis

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Drug Synergism; Humans; Rickettsia Infections; Virus Diseases; Vitamins

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Common Cold; Gingivitis; Humans; Scurvy

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Disinfectants; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Pharyngeal Diseases; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Streptococcus

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Biomedical Research; Common Cold; Communicable Disease Control; Drug Therapy; Humans; Placebos; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Respiratory Tract Infections; Spiramycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Ascorbic Acid; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infections; Vitamins