arglabin and Cytokine-Release-Syndrome

Arglabin (l(R),10(S)-epoxy-5(S),5(S),7(S)-guaia-3(4),ll(13)-dien-6,12-olide), is a natural sesquiterpene γ-lactone which was first isolated from Artemisia glabella. The compound has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of the NLR Family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. A more hydrophilic derivative of the compound also exhibited antitumor activity in the breast, colon, ovarian, and lung cancer. Some other synthetic derivatives of the compound have also been synthesized with antitumor, cytotoxic, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Since both NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokine storm are associated with the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its lethality, compounds like arglabin might have therapeutic potential to attenuate the inflammasome-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or the cytokine storm associated with COVID-19.

Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antiviral Agents; Artemisia; COVID-19; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; Cytokine Release Syndrome; Cytokines; Humans; Inflammasomes; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Pandemics; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; SARS-CoV-2; Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane; Signal Transduction

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a member of the genus

Topics: Animals; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; COVID-19; Cytokine Release Syndrome; Furans; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Indenes; Inflammasomes; Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; Interleukin-1beta; Mice; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Pyroptosis; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; SARS-CoV-2; Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane; Sulfonamides; Sulfones