apyrase and Albuminuria

As circulating plasma ATP concentrations are increased in pre-eclampsia, we tested whether increased plasma ATP is able to induce albuminuria during pregnancy.. Pregnant (day 14) and non-pregnant rats were infused with ATP (3000 microg/kg bw) via a permanent jugular vein cannula. Albuminuria was determined, and blood samples were taken for leukocyte counts, plasma ATP and plasma haemopexin activity. At Day 20 of pregnancy, rats were sacrificed, fetuses and placentas weighed and kidney and placental tissue were snap frozen for immunohistology.. ATP infusion induced albuminuria exclusively in pregnant rats, together with increased neutrophil counts, decreased staining for glomerular sialoglycoproteins and CD39 expression, significant intraglomerular monocyte infiltration and increased glomerular intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression. Plasma haemopexin activity was increased in saline-infused pregnant rats as compared to non-pregnant rats but was inhibited in pregnant ATP-infused rats (to non-pregnant levels). At the end of pregnancy (Day 20), increased plasma ATP level was exclusively seen in ATP-infused pregnant rats. In pregnant rats as compared with non-pregnant rats, we found decreased expression of glomerular AT-1 receptors, which was increased after ATP infusion exclusively in pregnant animals.. The present study shows that ATP infusion induced a pro-inflammatory response leading to glomerular albuminuria exclusively in the pregnant rat. Why extracellular ATP showed this pro-inflammatory response exclusively in the pregnant condition is unclear but is probably related with relatively enhanced non-specific immunity and inflammatory reactions characteristic for the pregnant condition.

Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Albuminuria; Animals; Antigens, CD; Apyrase; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hemopexin; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Kidney Glomerulus; Monocytes; Neutrophils; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy, Animal; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different glucose levels on the ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis in the platelets of diabetic, hypertensive and diabetic/hypertensive participants.. The activities of the enzymes NTPDase (ATP and ADP hydrolysis) and 5'-nucleotidase (AMP hydrolysis), and CD39 expression were analyzed in human blood platelets of diabetic (DM-2), hypertensive (HT) and diabetic/hypertensive (DM-2/HT) patients. To evaluate the interference of glucose and fructose in NTPDase and 5'-nucleotidase activities, experiments were performed with glucose, fructose and mannitol concentrations ranging from 5 to 30 mM in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Pre-incubation times of 10, 120 min and 24h were used.. NTPDase and 5'-nucleotidase activities increased with increasing glucose and fructose concentrations (P<0.001) and the different times of pre-incubation did not interfere in ectonucleotidases activities (P>0.5). NTPDase and 5'-nucleotidase activities demonstrated a positive correlation between serum glucose levels and ATP and ADP hydrolysis in DM-2 and DM-2/HT patients. CD39 expression demonstrated that DM-2, HT and DM-2/HT groups presented a significant increase when compared to the control group (P<0.004).. The hydrolysis of adenine nucleotides is enhanced in platelets of patients with diabetes and hypertension. We observed that an increasing glucose concentration had a direct effect on ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis. Furthermore, CD39 expression was enhanced in all patients groups, indicating that these enzyme activities are related with diabetes and hypertension.

Topics: 5'-Nucleotidase; Adenosine Diphosphate; Adenosine Triphosphate; Adult; Aged; Albuminuria; Antigens, CD; Apyrase; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; C-Reactive Protein; Cholesterol; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Glucose; Humans; Hypertension; Middle Aged; Nucleoside-Triphosphatase

In the present study, we evaluated the effect of low-dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid (ASA); 1.0 mg/kg daily) on blood pressure, albumin excretion, glomerular fibrinogen deposits, and glomerular (basement) membrane-bound adenosine diphosphatase (ecto-ADPase) activity, as well as on glomerular inflammation in pregnant rats infused with low-dose endotoxin (1.0 mg/kg). Rats (day 14 of pregnancy) were infused with endotoxin (ET rats) or saline (control rats) and received ASA in their drinking water. These rats were compared with non-ASA-treated rats. Blood pressure and albumin excretion were measured from day 15 to day 21, and glomerular fibrinogen and ecto-ADPase activity were measured at day 21. Glomerular inflammation was evaluated at various times after the start of the infusion. The results show that treatment with ASA had a significant beneficial effect on hypertension and inflammation induced by endotoxin in pregnant rats, whereas it reduced albumin excretion and glomerular fibrinogen deposits in some of the rats.

Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Apyrase; Aspirin; Blood Pressure; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Endotoxins; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glomerulonephritis; Hypertension; Kidney Glomerulus; Leukocyte Count; Neutrophils; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serum Albumin