aprepitant has been researched along with Peritoneal-Diseases* in 2 studies
2 other study(ies) available for aprepitant and Peritoneal-Diseases
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Preoperative and perioperative intervention reduces the risk of recurrence of endometriosis in mice caused by either incomplete excision or spillage and dissemination.
Can preoperative or perioperative intervention reduce the risk of recurrence of endometriosis caused by either incomplete excision or spillage and dissemination?. A mouse model of endometriosis recurrence caused by spillage and dissemination was first established using 24 female Balb/c mice. The spillage and dissemination model was used to test the efficacy of preoperative use of ketorolac, perioperative use of aprepitant and combined use of propranolol and andrographolide in a prospective, randomized mouse experiment involving 75 mice. The efficacy of these preoperative and perioperative interventions in a mouse recurrence model caused by incomplete excision was also tested using 72 mice. In all experiments, the baseline body weight and hotplate latency of all mice were measured and recorded before the induction of endometriosis, before the primary surgery and before sacrifice. In addition, all lesions were excised, weighed and processed for quantification and immunohistochemistry analysis of E-cadherin, α-SMA, VEGF, ADRB2 and putative markers of recurrence PR-B, p-p65, as well as Masson trichrome staining.. All interventions substantially and significantly suppressed the outgrowth of endometriotic lesions and reduced the risk of recurrence caused by either spillage and dissemination or incomplete excision (P = 0.0007 to 0.042). These interventions also significantly attenuated the generalized hyperalgesia, inhibited the staining of α-SMA, p-p65, VEGF and ADRB2 but increased staining of E-cadherin and PR-B, resulting in reduced fibrosis.. Given the excellent safety profiles of these drugs, these data strongly suggest that preoperative and perioperative intervention may potentially reduce the risk of endometriosis recurrence effectively. Topics: Animals; Aprepitant; Cell Proliferation; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Models, Animal; Diterpenes; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endometriosis; Female; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Ketorolac; Margins of Excision; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Perioperative Care; Peritoneal Diseases; Postoperative Complications; Preoperative Care; Propranolol; Recurrence; Secondary Prevention | 2021 |
An FDA approved neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist is effective in reducing intraabdominal adhesions when administered intraperitoneally, but not orally.
Postoperative adhesions pose a continued healthcare problem. We previously demonstrated that intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK-1RA) at surgery reduces intraabdominal adhesions in rats. The NK-1RA aprepitant (Emend, Merck) is clinically approved for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting; however, its effects on adhesion formation are unknown. Thus, we determined the effects of i.p. and oral administration of aprepitant on adhesion formation in a rat model.. Adhesions were surgically induced in rats that were randomized to receive either one or five oral preoperative doses or a single intraoperative i.p. dose of aprepitant (50 mg/kg). Adhesions were scored at 7 days. In similar experiments using i.p. dosing, animals were sacrificed at 24 h and peritoneal fluid, and tissue were collected to assess fibrinolytic activity and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) mRNA levels, respectively.. I.p. aprepitant reduced adhesion formation by 33% (p < 0.05) compared with controls while oral aprepitant had no effect. Compared to controls i.p. aprepitant reduced tPA activity by 55% (p < 0.05), increased PAI-1 mRNA levels by 140% (p < 0.05), and had no affect on tPA mRNA levels.. These data suggest that aprepitant maybe a useful pharmacologic agent for reducing adhesion formation clinically. Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Aprepitant; Disease Models, Animal; Infusions, Parenteral; Morpholines; Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists; Peritoneal Diseases; Rats; Tissue Adhesions | 2008 |