apnea and Postoperative Complications studies

Postoperative Complications: Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Postoperative apnea is a complication in young infants."	9.20	Apnea after Awake Regional and General Anesthesia in Infants: The General Anesthesia Compared to Spinal Anesthesia Study--Comparing Apnea and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes, a Randomized Controlled Trial. ( Arnup, SJ; Davidson, AJ; de Graaff, JC; Disma, N; Frawley, G; Hardy, P; Hunt, RW; Khotcholava, M; Locatelli, BG; McCann, ME; Morton, NS; Ormond, G; Salvo, I; Stargatt, R; Tuo, P; von Ungern Sternberg, BS; Wilton, N; Withington, DE, 2015)
"The objective of the study was to formulate a statistical model for postoperative apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 3 and 12 months after multilevel surgery using the predictors preoperative AHI, body mass index (BMI) and age."	9.15	Statistical model for postoperative apnea-hypopnea index after multilevel surgery for sleep-disordered breathing. ( Fabbro, T; Knaus, C; Thomaser, E; Tschopp, K; Zumbrunn, T, 2011)
"Although former preterm birth infants are at risk for postoperative apnea after surgery, it is unclear whether the same is true of full-term birth infants."	9.09	A randomized multicenter study of remifentanil compared with halothane in neonates and infants undergoing pyloromyotomy. II. Perioperative breathing patterns in neonates and infants with pyloric stenosis. ( Blum, R; Davis, PJ; Edwards, S; Galinkin, JL; Hechtman, D; Henson, LG; Krane, EJ; Kurth, CD; Lynn, AM; Maxwell, L; McGowan, FX; Orr, R; Rabb, MF; Szmuk, P; Yaster, M, 2001)
" These were analyzed for short (11-15s) and long (> 15 s) apnea spells, periodic breathing, and episodes of hemoglobin oxygen desaturation and bradycardia."	9.08	Postoperative apnea, bradycardia, and oxygen desaturation in formerly premature infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. ( Haberkern, CM; Jacobson, LE; Krane, EJ, 1995)
" Tracings were analyzed for evidence of apnea, periodic breathing and/or bradycardia by a pulmonologist unaware of the anesthetic technique utilized."	9.06	Postoperative apnea in former preterm infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. ( Broadman, LM; Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Rice, LJ; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1990)
" Tracings were analyzed for evidence of apnea, periodic breathing, and/or bradycardia by a pulmonologist unaware of the drug given."	9.06	High-dose caffeine suppresses postoperative apnea in former preterm infants. ( Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Hicks, JM; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1989)
" This review describes prevalence and differential diagnosis, including co-morbidities of postoperative apnea."	8.89	Postoperative apnea, respiratory strategies, and pathogenesis mechanisms: a review. ( Baluch, AR; Bueno, FR; Hollon, MM; Kaye, AD; Kaye, RJ; Kodumudi, G; Vadivelu, N, 2013)
" In this regard, hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation is a rare entity."	7.91	A case of hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in PACU. ( Baral, P; Poudel, A; Subedi, A; Thapa, P, 2019)
"Many patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have multiple obstructive sites simultaneously such as the oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx."	7.91	Outcomes in single-stage multilevel surgery for obstructive sleep apnea: Transoral robotic surgery, expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty and septoplasty. ( Boccuzzi, S; Cambi, J; Chiri, ZM; Ciabatti, PG; De Santis, S; Franci, E; Frusoni, F, 2019)
"Infants recovering from general anesthesia are at risk of postoperative apnea (POA), a potentially life threatening event."	7.80	Automated analysis of respiratory behavior for the prediction of apnea in infants following general anesthesia. ( Bertolizio, G; Brown, KA; Kearney, RE; Robles-Rubio, CA, 2014)
"It is common practice for premature infants undergoing elective inguinal hernia (IH) repair to be hospitalized for postoperative apnea monitoring."	7.79	Postoperative apnea after inguinal hernia repair in formerly premature infants: impacts of gestational age, postconceptional age and comorbidities. ( Arıkan, A; Ozdemir, T, 2013)
" We intubated the patient immediately for apnea that occurred after extubation."	7.79	[A case of tracheal intubation for apnea with epidural opioid in recovery room after operation under general anesthesia]. ( Ouchi, K; Sugiyama, K; Uno, H, 2013)
"This study evaluated the optimal timing for repair, incarceration risk, and postoperative apnea rate in premature infants with inguinal hernias."	7.77	A critical review of premature infants with inguinal hernias: optimal timing of repair, incarceration risk, and postoperative apnea. ( Gleason, JM; Lee, SL; Sydorak, RM, 2011)
"We report an unusual case of respiratory depression and prolonged apnea after a single, 50-mg intravenous dose of tramadol."	7.76	Prolonged apnea after small single dose of intravenous tramadol. ( Darlong, V; Elakkumanan, LB; Garg, R; Gupta, P; Pandey, R; Punj, J, 2010)
"In 1986 the National Institutes of Health Consensus Developement Conference on Infantile Apnea and Home Monitoring defined the Apparent Life Threatening Events (ALTEs) as those frightening episodes for the observer which are determined by a combination of apnea (central or obstructive), changes in colour (cianosis, congestive pallor) and marked changes in muscular tone, asphyxia."	7.76	[Results of the use of laparoscopic anti-reflux procedure for the prevention of episodes of apnea, bradycardia and desaturation]. ( Couselo, M; Gómez-Chacón, J; Ibáñez, V; Mangas, L; Marijuán, V; Valdés, E; VilaCarbó, JJ, 2010)
"Although respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) is the method of choice for the assessment of sleep disordered breathing, it has not been applied to the study of infants at risk for postoperative apnea (POA)."	7.74	Automated respiratory inductive plethysmography to evaluate breathing in infants at risk for postoperative apnea. ( Aoude, AA; Brown, KA; Galiana, HL; Kearney, RE, 2008)
"A young, healthy adult man exhibited naloxone-reversible, prolonged apnea after a 4-hour infusion of remifentanil, which was used as the opioid component of a general endotracheal anesthetic."	7.74	Prolonged apnea after remifentanil. ( Bretz, B; Egan, TD; Nelson, RY, 2007)
" Thereafter prolonged apnea developed such that the patient had to be admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit."	7.72	[Emergency from anesthesia in small children. From laryngospasm to prolonged apnea]. ( Gries, A; Motsch, J; Springer, W; Ulmer, HE, 2003)
" CAS was considered, although apnea has not been reported as a clinical symptom of this disease up to now and no peripheral signs of CAS were observed."	7.72	[Central anticholinergic syndrome and apnea after general anaesthesia. A rare manifestation of the central anticholinergic syndrome]. ( Hummel, T; Irnich, D; Kurz, M; Senne, I; Zourelidis, C; Zwissler, B, 2003)
"Thirty term infants undergoing general anesthesia and pyloromyotomy had pre- and postoperative sleep studies to determine whether these infants were at risk for postoperative apnea."	7.70	Infants undergoing pyloromyotomy are not at risk for postoperative apnea. Staff of Sutter Community Hospitals Sleep Disorders Center. ( Chipps, BE; Feaster, W; Greenholz, S; Groza, D; Marr, C; Moynihan, R; Poulos, N; Schieble, T; Stene, R, 1999)
" An apnea that occurred in a late phase of the treatment was addressed with the familiar arm pumping technique that had been used as a deepening technique, resulting in the patient's resuming normal breathing."	7.69	Apnea in postsurgical hypnotherapy of an esophageal cancer patient: a brief communication. ( Jones, MM, 1994)
"This is a review of 127 neonates evaluated for postoperative apnea and bradycardia (A&B) after inguinal surgery."	7.68	Postoperative apnea in infants. ( McLaughlin, D; Naylor, B; Radhakrishnan, J, 1992)
"To examine the association between anemia and postoperative apnea in former preterm infants, 24 former preterm infants of less than 60 weeks postconceptual age undergoing inguinal hernia repair were studied."	7.68	Anemia and postoperative apnea in former preterm infants. ( Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Luban, NL; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1991)
"Airway obstruction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of apnea in premature infants who have not previously undergone anesthesia."	7.68	Association of postoperative apnea, airway obstruction, and hypoxemia in former premature infants. ( Kurth, CD; LeBard, SE, 1991)
" To minimise the risk of postoperative early and late apnea in ex-preterm infants, the following measures are presented and discussed: elective surgical interventions should be postponed until after the 50th post-conceptional week; in individual cases, indication for perioperative theophylline/caffeine treatment can be made more precise by means of preoperative ECG-coupled impedance pneumography; all measures of preoperative preparation, choice of anaesthetics and of adjuvant drugs, as well as perioperative infusion therapy, must be taken in full consideration of all neonatal previous diseases; patients up to the 50th week after conception require intensive-care monitoring primary and post-anaesthesiologically for at least 24 hours."	7.68	[Postoperative apnea--a special risk for former preterm infants]. ( Abel, M, 1990)
" Eighteen infants (37%) had prolonged apnea (greater than 15 s) postoperatively, and an additional seven infants (14%) had short apnea (6-15 s) postoperatively."	7.67	Postoperative apnea in preterm infants. ( Broennle, AM; Downes, JJ; Kurth, CD; Spitzer, AR, 1987)
"The case of a 57-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis is presented to illustrate the rare occurrence of a myasthenic syndrome induced by D-penicillamine, which led to prolonged (5."	7.67	D-penicillamine induced myasthenia gravis. Its relevance for the anaesthetist. ( Fried, MJ; Protheroe, DT, 1986)
"Prolonged apnea (9 hours) after elective orthognathic surgery occurred in a healthy adult female."	7.66	Prolonged apnea after orthognathic surgery due to atypical cholinesterase. ( Epker, BN; O'Ryan, F, 1981)
" Four of these patients developed prolonged postoperative apnea; the longest period of apnea was 6 hours."	7.66	Prolonged postoperative apnea complicating gynecologic surgery; atypical cholinesterase and myasthenia gravis. ( Maharry, JM; Sack, RA, 1982)
"Tracheal compression is one of the many causes of apnea following repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula."	7.66	Tracheal compression as a cause of apnea following repair of tracheoesophageal fistula: treatment by aortopexy. ( Filler, RM; Schwartz, MZ, 1980)
" A polysomnogram demonstrated 564 sleep apneas, primarily obstructive, recurrent hypoxia, a bradytachycardia, and absent stages III, IV, and REM sleep."	7.66	Hypersomnia-sleep apnea due to micrognathia. Reversal by tracheoplasty. ( Borowiecki, B; Pollack, CP; Weitzman, ED, 1978)
" After the removal of the mass, she presented an apnea."	7.66	[Intra medulla oblongata and cervical ependymoma (surgery, apnea for two months and improvement) (author's transl)]. ( Banayan, A; Boulard, G; Gbipky-Benissan, G; Girard, JP; Guerin, J; Poisot, D; Pouyanne, H, 1978)
"1), apnea episodes (IRR 2."	5.69	Incidence of postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression episodes in patients on room air or supplemental oxygen: a post-hoc analysis of the PRODIGY trial. ( Bergese, SD; Di Piazza, F; Doufas, AG; Driver, CN; Khanna, AK; Laporta, ML; Scardapane, M; Urman, RD; Weingarten, TN, 2023)
"Postoperative apnea is a complication in young infants."	5.20	Apnea after Awake Regional and General Anesthesia in Infants: The General Anesthesia Compared to Spinal Anesthesia Study--Comparing Apnea and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes, a Randomized Controlled Trial. ( Arnup, SJ; Davidson, AJ; de Graaff, JC; Disma, N; Frawley, G; Hardy, P; Hunt, RW; Khotcholava, M; Locatelli, BG; McCann, ME; Morton, NS; Ormond, G; Salvo, I; Stargatt, R; Tuo, P; von Ungern Sternberg, BS; Wilton, N; Withington, DE, 2015)
"The objective of the study was to formulate a statistical model for postoperative apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 3 and 12 months after multilevel surgery using the predictors preoperative AHI, body mass index (BMI) and age."	5.15	Statistical model for postoperative apnea-hypopnea index after multilevel surgery for sleep-disordered breathing. ( Fabbro, T; Knaus, C; Thomaser, E; Tschopp, K; Zumbrunn, T, 2011)
" Apnea periods >20 seconds and decreases in SaO2 <90% occurred more frequently in group R (31."	5.14	Remifentanil versus fentanyl for esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. ( Hirsh, I; Lerner, A; Pacht, A; Pizov, R; Reuveni, A; Segol, O; Shnaider, I, 2010)
"05), as well as a more frequent incidence of apnea (84% in the propofol group versus 7% and 16% in the sevoflurane and sevoflurane-propofol groups, respectively; P < 0."	5.11	A comparison of sevoflurane-propofol versus sevoflurane or propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. ( Aouad, MT; Baraka, AS; Daaboul, DG; Deeb, PG; Massouh, FM; Muallem, MA; Siddik-Sayyid, SM; Taha, SK, 2005)
"Although former preterm birth infants are at risk for postoperative apnea after surgery, it is unclear whether the same is true of full-term birth infants."	5.09	A randomized multicenter study of remifentanil compared with halothane in neonates and infants undergoing pyloromyotomy. II. Perioperative breathing patterns in neonates and infants with pyloric stenosis. ( Blum, R; Davis, PJ; Edwards, S; Galinkin, JL; Hechtman, D; Henson, LG; Krane, EJ; Kurth, CD; Lynn, AM; Maxwell, L; McGowan, FX; Orr, R; Rabb, MF; Szmuk, P; Yaster, M, 2001)
" These were analyzed for short (11-15s) and long (> 15 s) apnea spells, periodic breathing, and episodes of hemoglobin oxygen desaturation and bradycardia."	5.08	Postoperative apnea, bradycardia, and oxygen desaturation in formerly premature infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. ( Haberkern, CM; Jacobson, LE; Krane, EJ, 1995)
" Cardiac morbidity (postoperative myocardial ischemia, postoperative myocardial infarction, and perioperative sympathoadrenal stress response), respiratory morbidity (postextubation apnea, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, pulmonary shunting, oxygen consumption, atelectasis, and reintubation), hemodynamic values and vasoactive medication requirements, intraoperative awareness, postoperative cognitive function, 30 day mortality, and intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay were compared between the two groups."	5.08	Morbidity outcome in early versus conventional tracheal extubation after coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective randomized controlled trial. ( Asokumar, B; Carroll, J; Cheng, DC; David, T; Karski, J; Mickle, D; Nierenberg, H; Peniston, C; Raveendran, G; Roger, S; Sandler, A; Tong, J; Zelovitsky, J, 1996)
"min-1), (2) the incidence of apnea and desaturation of oxygen (< 80%), (3) the degree of sedation, and (4) the serum levels of bilirubin and unbound bilirubin after surgery."	5.08	[Midazolam for anesthetic induction in neonates]. ( Iwasawa, K; Kadosaki, M; Kawakami, K; Mitono, H; Ohata, J; Saito, I, 1998)
" Tracings were analyzed for evidence of apnea, periodic breathing and/or bradycardia by a pulmonologist unaware of the anesthetic technique utilized."	5.06	Postoperative apnea in former preterm infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. ( Broadman, LM; Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Rice, LJ; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1990)
" Tracings were analyzed for evidence of apnea, periodic breathing, and/or bradycardia by a pulmonologist unaware of the drug given."	5.06	High-dose caffeine suppresses postoperative apnea in former preterm infants. ( Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Hicks, JM; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1989)
" The bulk of the major complications after frenotomy included poor feeding (n = 7), hypovolemic shock (n = 4), apnea (n = 4), acute airway obstruction (n = 4), and Ludwig angina (n = 2)."	5.05	Major complications after tongue-tie release: A case report and systematic review. ( Kim, GS; Lincango-Naranjo, E; Ponce, OJ; Prokop, L; Solis-Pazmino, P; Truong, MT, 2020)
"The role of single shot spinal anesthesia has been established in ex-premature infants at risk of apnea."	4.90	Epidural anesthesia and analgesia in the neonate: a review of current evidences. ( Arora, MK; Baidya, DK; Khanna, P; Maitra, S; Pawar, DK, 2014)
" This review describes prevalence and differential diagnosis, including co-morbidities of postoperative apnea."	4.89	Postoperative apnea, respiratory strategies, and pathogenesis mechanisms: a review. ( Baluch, AR; Bueno, FR; Hollon, MM; Kaye, AD; Kaye, RJ; Kodumudi, G; Vadivelu, N, 2013)
"Infants are at risk for potentially life-threatening postoperative apnea (POA)."	3.96	Automatic unsupervised respiratory analysis of infant respiratory inductance plethysmography signals. ( Bertolizio, G; Brown, KA; Kearney, RE; Robles-Rubio, CA, 2020)
" In this regard, hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation is a rare entity."	3.91	A case of hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in PACU. ( Baral, P; Poudel, A; Subedi, A; Thapa, P, 2019)
"Many patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have multiple obstructive sites simultaneously such as the oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx."	3.91	Outcomes in single-stage multilevel surgery for obstructive sleep apnea: Transoral robotic surgery, expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty and septoplasty. ( Boccuzzi, S; Cambi, J; Chiri, ZM; Ciabatti, PG; De Santis, S; Franci, E; Frusoni, F, 2019)
"Intrathecal morphine provides excellent analgesia after cesarean delivery; however, respiratory events such as apnea, bradypnea, and hypoxemia have been reported."	3.91	Prospective Observational Investigation of Capnography and Pulse Oximetry Monitoring After Cesarean Delivery With Intrathecal Morphine. ( Akdagli, S; Carvalho, B; Deutsch, L; Turvall, E; Weiniger, CF, 2019)
"In patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement under sedation often causes apnea or hypoventilation."	3.85	Safety of unsedated PEG placement using transoral ultrathin endoscopy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ( Aoyagi, Y; Goshi, S; Hashimoto, S; Kawauchi, Y; Kobayashi, M; Mizuno, KI; Nishigaki, Y; Nishizawa, M; Ozawa, T; Sato, Y; Takeuchi, M, 2017)
" Preoperative central apnea, male sex, and general anesthesia were associated with postoperative central apnea index."	3.80	Factors associated with postoperative exacerbation of sleep-disordered breathing. ( Chung, F; Elsaid, H; Kang, W; Liao, P; Shapiro, CM, 2014)
"Infants recovering from general anesthesia are at risk of postoperative apnea (POA), a potentially life threatening event."	3.80	Automated analysis of respiratory behavior for the prediction of apnea in infants following general anesthesia. ( Bertolizio, G; Brown, KA; Kearney, RE; Robles-Rubio, CA, 2014)
" Apnea/hypopnea events increased in 9 and decreased in the other 9."	3.79	Changes in airflow dynamics after creation of pharyngeal flaps in nonsyndromic children. ( Griner, D; Overmeyer, CL; Sargent, LA, 2013)
"It is common practice for premature infants undergoing elective inguinal hernia (IH) repair to be hospitalized for postoperative apnea monitoring."	3.79	Postoperative apnea after inguinal hernia repair in formerly premature infants: impacts of gestational age, postconceptional age and comorbidities. ( Arıkan, A; Ozdemir, T, 2013)
" We intubated the patient immediately for apnea that occurred after extubation."	3.79	[A case of tracheal intubation for apnea with epidural opioid in recovery room after operation under general anesthesia]. ( Ouchi, K; Sugiyama, K; Uno, H, 2013)
" Prematurity and perioperative sedation have been shown to be risk factors for postoperative apnea."	3.78	Predictive factors of PACU stay after herniorraphy in infant: a classification and regression tree analysis. ( Brasher, C; Dahmani, S; Julien, F; Mantz, J; Nivoche, Y; Silins, V, 2012)
" In group 2, one was apnea-induced bradycardia that resolved spontaneously, and one was in a patient on home monitors with an event similar to home reports."	3.78	Overnight observation in former premature infants undergoing inguinal hernia repair. ( Garey, CL; Laituri, CA; Mestad, P; Pieters, BJ; St Peter, SD; Weissend, EE, 2012)
"This study evaluated the optimal timing for repair, incarceration risk, and postoperative apnea rate in premature infants with inguinal hernias."	3.77	A critical review of premature infants with inguinal hernias: optimal timing of repair, incarceration risk, and postoperative apnea. ( Gleason, JM; Lee, SL; Sydorak, RM, 2011)
" The ex-premature neonate has many co-morbidities and is at risk of postoperative apnea and bradycardia."	3.77	Retrospective review of ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block with general anesthesia for herniotomy in ex-premature neonates. ( Lim, SL; Ng, AS; Thong, SY, 2011)
"The main symptoms were abdominal distension (n = 10), vomiting (n = 6), constipation (n = 2), and apnea (n = 1)."	3.77	Importance of evaluating for cow's milk allergy in pediatric surgical patients with functional bowel symptoms. ( Etani, Y; Ida, S; Ikeda, K; Kawahara, H; Kawamoto, K; Kubota, A, 2011)
"We report an unusual case of respiratory depression and prolonged apnea after a single, 50-mg intravenous dose of tramadol."	3.76	Prolonged apnea after small single dose of intravenous tramadol. ( Darlong, V; Elakkumanan, LB; Garg, R; Gupta, P; Pandey, R; Punj, J, 2010)
"In 1986 the National Institutes of Health Consensus Developement Conference on Infantile Apnea and Home Monitoring defined the Apparent Life Threatening Events (ALTEs) as those frightening episodes for the observer which are determined by a combination of apnea (central or obstructive), changes in colour (cianosis, congestive pallor) and marked changes in muscular tone, asphyxia."	3.76	[Results of the use of laparoscopic anti-reflux procedure for the prevention of episodes of apnea, bradycardia and desaturation]. ( Couselo, M; Gómez-Chacón, J; Ibáñez, V; Mangas, L; Marijuán, V; Valdés, E; VilaCarbó, JJ, 2010)
"When pyloromyotomy for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is performed under general anesthesia, metabolic abnormalities and fluid deficits coupled with residual anesthetics may increase the risk of postoperative apnea, thereby, prolonging operating room time and delaying extubation."	3.75	Impact of spinal anesthesia for open pyloromyotomy on operating room time. ( Dlugy, E; Freud, E; Kachko, L; Katz, J; Simhi, E, 2009)
" Postoperatively, he suddenly developed apnea and died of rupture of a right VA dissecting aneurysm."	3.75	Rupture of a vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm developing immediately after trapping of a dissecting aneurysm on the contralateral vertebral artery: case report. ( Katsuno, M; Kobayashi, S; Mizunari, T; Takahashi, H; Teramoto, A, 2009)
"Although respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) is the method of choice for the assessment of sleep disordered breathing, it has not been applied to the study of infants at risk for postoperative apnea (POA)."	3.74	Automated respiratory inductive plethysmography to evaluate breathing in infants at risk for postoperative apnea. ( Aoude, AA; Brown, KA; Galiana, HL; Kearney, RE, 2008)
", apnea, neurogenic dysphagia [ND], gastro-esophageal reflux disease [GERD], neuro-ophthalmologic disturbances [NOD])."	3.74	Reversal of hindbrain herniation after maternal-fetal surgery for myelomeningocele subsequently impacts on brain stem function. ( Adzick, NS; Bebbington, MW; Danzer, E; Finkel, RS; Johnson, MP; Rintoul, NE; Schwartz, ES; Zarnow, DM, 2008)
"A young, healthy adult man exhibited naloxone-reversible, prolonged apnea after a 4-hour infusion of remifentanil, which was used as the opioid component of a general endotracheal anesthetic."	3.74	Prolonged apnea after remifentanil. ( Bretz, B; Egan, TD; Nelson, RY, 2007)
" Thereafter prolonged apnea developed such that the patient had to be admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit."	3.72	[Emergency from anesthesia in small children. From laryngospasm to prolonged apnea]. ( Gries, A; Motsch, J; Springer, W; Ulmer, HE, 2003)
" CAS was considered, although apnea has not been reported as a clinical symptom of this disease up to now and no peripheral signs of CAS were observed."	3.72	[Central anticholinergic syndrome and apnea after general anaesthesia. A rare manifestation of the central anticholinergic syndrome]. ( Hummel, T; Irnich, D; Kurz, M; Senne, I; Zourelidis, C; Zwissler, B, 2003)
" We present an unusual case of unanticipated postoperative apnea following mivacurium administration, as a result of acquired plasma cholinesterase deficiency, in a patient with previous uneventful exposure to both mivacurium and suxamethonium (succinylcholine)."	3.72	Prolonged neuromuscular blockade as a result of malnutrition-induced pseudocholinesterase deficiency. ( Leonard, IE; Niazi, A; O'Kelly, B, 2004)
" Perioperative complications were postanesthetic seizure and postoperative brief apnea."	3.71	[Anesthetic management for laryngotracheal separation and tracheoesophageal diversion]. ( Kujime, Y; Obara, H; Okada, N; Sakai, K; Shiga, M; Takekida, S, 2002)
" In cases with life-threatening apneas, aortopexy is a therapeutic option."	3.71	Aortopexy in severe tracheal instability: short-term and long-term outcome in 29 infants and children. ( Holzki, J; Hügel, W; Liakopoulos, OJ; Messmer, BJ; Sachweh, JS; Vazquez-Jimenez, JF; von Bernuth, G, 2001)
" Complications in premature patients included intraoperative hypoxemia (two), apnea (two) and bradycardia (one)."	3.71	Spinal anesthesia in 62 premature, former-premature or young infants--technical aspects and pitfalls. ( Erez, I; Freud, E; Gutermacher, M; Hoppenstein, D; Jedeikin, R; Lazar, L; Litmanowitz, I; Shenkman, Z; Shorer, S, 2002)
"Succinylcholine and mivacurium are degraded more slowly in patients with a qualitatively or quantitatively reduced plasma cholinesterase and are therefore known for inducing a prolonged postoperative apnea."	3.71	[Plasma cholinesterase variations as a result of prolonged neuromuscular blockade. Review and problems encountered in two cases of prolonged neuromuscular blockade after muscle relaxation with succinylcholine as compared to mivacurium]. ( Geldner, G; Lang, C; Lukasewitz, P; Wulf, H, 2002)
" Patients with this malformation may develop respiratory depression such as apneic spells and vocal cord paralysis even if the intracranial pressure is well controlled and they should be monitored carefully for the signs of apnea and the compromised airway."	3.70	[Anesthesia and perioperative management in infants with Chiari type II malformation]. ( Fukumitsu, K; Kinouchi, K; Kitamura, S; Nishino, H; Takemoto, O, 1998)
"Thirty term infants undergoing general anesthesia and pyloromyotomy had pre- and postoperative sleep studies to determine whether these infants were at risk for postoperative apnea."	3.70	Infants undergoing pyloromyotomy are not at risk for postoperative apnea. Staff of Sutter Community Hospitals Sleep Disorders Center. ( Chipps, BE; Feaster, W; Greenholz, S; Groza, D; Marr, C; Moynihan, R; Poulos, N; Schieble, T; Stene, R, 1999)
" An apnea that occurred in a late phase of the treatment was addressed with the familiar arm pumping technique that had been used as a deepening technique, resulting in the patient's resuming normal breathing."	3.69	Apnea in postsurgical hypnotherapy of an esophageal cancer patient: a brief communication. ( Jones, MM, 1994)
" The following complications were recorded: cough, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, apnea, and airway obstruction."	3.68	Complications and fiberoptic assessment of size 1 laryngeal mask airway. ( Dubreuil, M; Ecoffey, C; Laffon, M; Penon, C; Plaud, B, 1993)
"This is a review of 127 neonates evaluated for postoperative apnea and bradycardia (A&B) after inguinal surgery."	3.68	Postoperative apnea in infants. ( McLaughlin, D; Naylor, B; Radhakrishnan, J, 1992)
"To examine the association between anemia and postoperative apnea in former preterm infants, 24 former preterm infants of less than 60 weeks postconceptual age undergoing inguinal hernia repair were studied."	3.68	Anemia and postoperative apnea in former preterm infants. ( Fink, R; Hannallah, RS; Luban, NL; Ruttimann, UE; Welborn, LG, 1991)
"Airway obstruction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of apnea in premature infants who have not previously undergone anesthesia."	3.68	Association of postoperative apnea, airway obstruction, and hypoxemia in former premature infants. ( Kurth, CD; LeBard, SE, 1991)
" To minimise the risk of postoperative early and late apnea in ex-preterm infants, the following measures are presented and discussed: elective surgical interventions should be postponed until after the 50th post-conceptional week; in individual cases, indication for perioperative theophylline/caffeine treatment can be made more precise by means of preoperative ECG-coupled impedance pneumography; all measures of preoperative preparation, choice of anaesthetics and of adjuvant drugs, as well as perioperative infusion therapy, must be taken in full consideration of all neonatal previous diseases; patients up to the 50th week after conception require intensive-care monitoring primary and post-anaesthesiologically for at least 24 hours."	3.68	[Postoperative apnea--a special risk for former preterm infants]. ( Abel, M, 1990)
" The most common indication for surgery was upper airway obstruction with apnea."	3.68	Tonsillectomy in children under 3 years of age. ( Berkowitz, RG; Zalzal, GH, 1990)
" Eighteen infants (37%) had prolonged apnea (greater than 15 s) postoperatively, and an additional seven infants (14%) had short apnea (6-15 s) postoperatively."	3.67	Postoperative apnea in preterm infants. ( Broennle, AM; Downes, JJ; Kurth, CD; Spitzer, AR, 1987)
"The case of a 57-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis is presented to illustrate the rare occurrence of a myasthenic syndrome induced by D-penicillamine, which led to prolonged (5."	3.67	D-penicillamine induced myasthenia gravis. Its relevance for the anaesthetist. ( Fried, MJ; Protheroe, DT, 1986)
" The indications for surgery in these infants with gastroesophageal reflux were: (A) failure to thrive, (35); (B) chronic respiratory infection, (24); (C) apnea spells, (8); and (D) esophagitis."	3.66	Experience with the Nissen fundoplication for correction of gastroesophageal reflux in infants. ( Randolph, J, 1983)
"Prolonged apnea (9 hours) after elective orthognathic surgery occurred in a healthy adult female."	3.66	Prolonged apnea after orthognathic surgery due to atypical cholinesterase. ( Epker, BN; O'Ryan, F, 1981)
" Four of these patients developed prolonged postoperative apnea; the longest period of apnea was 6 hours."	3.66	Prolonged postoperative apnea complicating gynecologic surgery; atypical cholinesterase and myasthenia gravis. ( Maharry, JM; Sack, RA, 1982)
"Tracheal compression is one of the many causes of apnea following repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula."	3.66	Tracheal compression as a cause of apnea following repair of tracheoesophageal fistula: treatment by aortopexy. ( Filler, RM; Schwartz, MZ, 1980)
" A polysomnogram demonstrated 564 sleep apneas, primarily obstructive, recurrent hypoxia, a bradytachycardia, and absent stages III, IV, and REM sleep."	3.66	Hypersomnia-sleep apnea due to micrognathia. Reversal by tracheoplasty. ( Borowiecki, B; Pollack, CP; Weitzman, ED, 1978)
" After the removal of the mass, she presented an apnea."	3.66	[Intra medulla oblongata and cervical ependymoma (surgery, apnea for two months and improvement) (author's transl)]. ( Banayan, A; Boulard, G; Gbipky-Benissan, G; Girard, JP; Guerin, J; Poisot, D; Pouyanne, H, 1978)
" These episodes began with stridor and cyanosis; when severe, they progressed to apnea and loss of consciousness."	3.65	Life-threatening anoxic spells caused by tracheal compression after repair of esophageal atresia: correction by surgery. ( Filler, RM; Lebowitz, RL; Rossello, PJ, 1976)
"The incidence of inguinal hernia is higher in premature infants, particularly in low birth weight neonates."	2.69	Postoperative outcome in high-risk infants undergoing herniorrhaphy: comparison between spinal and general anaesthesia. ( Collins, G; Gaitini, L; Mogilner, G; Sabo, E; Somri, M; Vaida, S, 1998)
"Inguinal hernia is the most common condition requiring early surgery, appearing in 38% of infants whose birth weight is between 751 grams and 1000 grams."	2.52	Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia in preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in early infancy. ( Badawi, N; Craven, PD; Foster, JP; Jones, LJ; Lakkundi, A, 2015)
"Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is an acute syndrome characterized by cardiac failure from disturbances in the contractility of the left ventricle."	2.50	Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and anaesthesia: case report and review of the literature. ( Booij, LH; de Boer, HD, 2014)
" Recent preclinical reports of adverse effects of general anesthetics on the developing brain have increased awareness of the potential benefit of neuraxial anesthesia/analgesia to avoid or reduce general anesthetic dose requirements."	2.48	Neuraxial analgesia in neonates and infants: a review of clinical and preclinical strategies for the development of safety and efficacy data. ( Walker, SM; Yaksh, TL, 2012)
"Quadrigeminal arachnoid cysts may compress the brain stem and cause severe respiratory disturbances, which can be fatal due to apneic spells."	2.41	Unusual arachnoid cyst of the quadrigeminal cistern in an adult presenting with apneic spells and normal pressure hydrocephalus--case report. ( Cetin, H; Erol, F; Kaplan, M; Ozercan, I; Topsakal, C, 2002)
" Our findings reinforce weight-adjusted dosage of SA in neonates."	1.43	Cerebrospinal fluid volume in neonates undergoing spinal anaesthesia: a descriptive magnetic resonance imaging study. ( Capdevila, X; Dadure, C; Malenfant Rancourt, MP; Molinari, N; Prodhomme, O; Rochette, A; Saguintaah, M; Schaub, R; Sola, C, 2016)
" A review of the literature reveals that when used in young infants brimonidine eye drops can potentially have toxic effects on the central nervous system (e."	1.34	[Depression of respiration via toxic effects on the central nervous system following use of topical brimonidine in an infant with congenital glaucoma]. ( Heimann, K; Hoernchen, H; Merz, U; Peschgens, T; Wenzl, T, 2007)
"Hemiplegic migraine is an unusual variant of migraine, characterised by a temporary hemiparesis or hemiplegia associated with headache."	1.34	Apnoeic spells following general anaesthesia in a patient with familial hemiplegic migraine. ( Kapur, S; Willson, J, 2007)
"Awake regional anaesthesia for inguinal hernia repair in former preterm infants is suggested to avoid life-threatening respiratory complications known to occur after general anaesthesia."	1.31	Apnoea in a former preterm infant after caudal bupivacaine with clonidine for inguinal herniorrhaphy. ( Fellmann, C; Gerber, AC; Weiss, M, 2002)
"Children with this syndrome have abnormalities of respiratory control due to changes in the brainstem and cerebellum."	1.30	Anaesthetic management of children with Joubert syndrome. ( D'Souza, M; Habre, W; Sims, C, 1997)
"Postoperative complications were associated with an increased hospital mortality rate (11."	1.29	Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in Veterans Affairs medical centers. ( Bates, E; Jacobs, L; Kazmers, A; Lindenauer, SM; Perkins, A, 1996)
"A patient, with a history of cretinism, who developed suxamethonium apnoea as a consequence of a reduction in plasma cholinesterase activity secondary to the concurrence of pregnancy and liver dysfunction associated with pre-eclampsia is reported."	1.27	Suxamethonium apnoea associated with pregnancy and liver dysfunction in a treated cretin. ( Britten, JJ; Ferguson, A; Perriss, BW; Whittaker, M, 1983)
"Rapidly progressive hydrocephalus and compression of the lower portion of the IV ventricle are more important factors than the size of the head at birth."	1.27	Laryngeal stridor associated with the Chiari II malformation. ( Nakamura, S; Tanaka, Y; Yamada, H, 1985)
"There were 8 deaths, none related to gastroesophageal reflux or the operation."	1.26	Thal fundoplication: a simple and safe operative treatment for gastroesophageal reflux. ( Amoury, RW; Ashcraft, KW; Goodwin, CD; Holder, TM; McGill, CW, 1978)

Research

Studies (192)

Authors

Clinical Trials (7)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Block Set up Time

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	73 (38.02)	18.7374
1990's	36 (18.75)	18.2507
2000's	36 (18.75)	29.6817
2010's	44 (22.92)	24.3611
2020's	3 (1.56)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Doufas, AG	1
Laporta, ML	1
Driver, CN	1
Di Piazza, F	1
Scardapane, M	1
Bergese, SD	1
Urman, RD	1
Khanna, AK	1
Weingarten, TN	1
Thapa, P	1
Subedi, A	1
Poudel, A	1
Baral, P	1
Cambi, J	1
Chiri, ZM	1
De Santis, S	1
Franci, E	1
Frusoni, F	1
Ciabatti, PG	1
Boccuzzi, S	1
Robles-Rubio, CA	3
Kearney, RE	4
Bertolizio, G	2
Brown, KA	4
Solis-Pazmino, P	1
Kim, GS	1
Lincango-Naranjo, E	1
Prokop, L	1
Ponce, OJ	1
Truong, MT	1
Weiniger, CF	1
Akdagli, S	1
Turvall, E	1
Deutsch, L	1
Carvalho, B	1
Wakimoto, Y	1
Burjonrappa, S	1
Al-Badi, MK	1
Al-Azkawi, HS	1
Al-Yahyaei, MS	1
Mula-Abed, WA	1
Al-Senani, AM	1
Griner, D	1
Sargent, LA	1
Overmeyer, CL	1
Ozdemir, T	1
Arıkan, A	1
de Boer, HD	1
Booij, LH	1
Kumar, M	1
Chawla, R	1
Haloi, P	1
Singh, M	1
Chung, F	1
Liao, P	1
Elsaid, H	1
Shapiro, CM	1
Kang, W	1
Ouchi, K	1
Uno, H	1
Sugiyama, K	1
Selbst, SM	1
Jennings, RW	1
Hamilton, TE	1
Smithers, CJ	1
Ngerncham, M	1
Feins, N	1
Foker, JE	1
Maitra, S	1
Baidya, DK	1
Pawar, DK	1
Arora, MK	1
Khanna, P	1
Brozović, G	1
Mazul Sunko, B	1
Hafner, T	1
Bekavac, I	1
Sato, Y	1
Goshi, S	1
Kawauchi, Y	1
Nishigaki, Y	1
Mizuno, KI	1
Hashimoto, S	1
Takeuchi, M	1
Kobayashi, M	1
Ozawa, T	1
Nishizawa, M	1
Aoyagi, Y	1
Duggan, EM	1
Patel, VP	1
Blakely, ML	1
Kurth, CD	4
Coté, CJ	2
Davidson, AJ	1
Morton, NS	1
Arnup, SJ	1
de Graaff, JC	1
Disma, N	1
Withington, DE	1
Frawley, G	1
Hunt, RW	1
Hardy, P	2
Khotcholava, M	1
von Ungern Sternberg, BS	1
Wilton, N	1
Tuo, P	1
Salvo, I	1
Ormond, G	1
Stargatt, R	1
Locatelli, BG	1
McCann, ME	1
Jones, LJ	1
Craven, PD	1
Lakkundi, A	1
Foster, JP	1
Badawi, N	1
Legre, M	1
Zoghlami, A	1
Lory, C	1
Laccourreye, O	1
Rochette, A	1
Malenfant Rancourt, MP	1
Sola, C	1
Prodhomme, O	1
Saguintaah, M	1
Schaub, R	1
Molinari, N	1
Capdevila, X	1
Dadure, C	1
Binkley, C	1
Schumann, R	1
Kwater, AP	1
Bonney, I	1
Ladd, D	1
Kim, J	2
Gupta, A	1
Gumbert, SD	1
Pivalizza, EG	1
Sethi, D	1
Chhabra, A	1
Thornton, J	1
Eipe, N	1
Aoude, AA	2
Galiana, HL	2
Davidson, A	2
Frawley, GP	1
Sheppard, S	1
Hunt, R	1
Thomas, D	1
Singatullina, N	1
Danzer, E	1
Finkel, RS	1
Rintoul, NE	1
Bebbington, MW	1
Schwartz, ES	1
Zarnow, DM	1
Adzick, NS	1
Johnson, MP	1
Kachko, L	2
Simhi, E	2
Freud, E	2
Dlugy, E	1
Katz, J	2
Katsuno, M	1
Mizunari, T	1
Kobayashi, S	1
Takahashi, H	1
Teramoto, A	1
Novelli, G	1
Ferretti, G	1
Ruberto, F	1
Morabito, V	1
Pugliese, F	1
Herranz Gordo, A	1
Alonso Iñigo, JM	1
Palanca Gil, V	1
Fas Vicnet, MJ	1
Caballer Monzó, N	1
Llopis Calatayud, JE	1
Pandey, R	1
Elakkumanan, LB	1
Garg, R	1
Gupta, P	1
Darlong, V	1
Punj, J	1
Hirsh, I	1
Lerner, A	1
Shnaider, I	1
Reuveni, A	1
Pacht, A	1
Segol, O	1
Pizov, R	1
Lee, SL	1
Gleason, JM	1
Sydorak, RM	1
Tschopp, K	1
Zumbrunn, T	1
Knaus, C	1
Thomaser, E	1
Fabbro, T	1
Thong, SY	1
Lim, SL	1
Ng, AS	1
Bhargava, D	1
Sharma, J	1
Al-Abri, R	1
Silins, V	1
Julien, F	1
Brasher, C	1
Nivoche, Y	1
Mantz, J	1
Dahmani, S	1
Makris, A	1
Matala, ME	1
Tsirigotis, A	1
Karmaniolou, I	1
Ikeda, K	1
Ida, S	1
Kawahara, H	1
Kawamoto, K	1
Etani, Y	1
Kubota, A	1
Lacrosse, D	1
Pirotte, T	1
Veyckemans, F	1
Laituri, CA	1
Garey, CL	1
Pieters, BJ	1
Mestad, P	1
Weissend, EE	1
St Peter, SD	1
Walker, SM	1
Yaksh, TL	1
Turnbull, A	1
Marsh, C	1
Marijuán, V	1
Ibáñez, V	1
Couselo, M	1
Valdés, E	1
Mangas, L	1
Gómez-Chacón, J	1
VilaCarbó, JJ	1
Kaye, AD	1
Hollon, MM	1
Vadivelu, N	1
Kodumudi, G	1
Kaye, RJ	1
Bueno, FR	1
Baluch, AR	1
Akbari, SH	1
Limbrick, DD	1
Kim, DH	1
Narayan, P	1
Leonard, JR	1
Smyth, MD	1
Park, TS	1
Fellmann, C	1
Gerber, AC	1
Weiss, M	1
Takekida, S	1
Okada, N	1
Kujime, Y	1
Sakai, K	1
Shiga, M	1
Obara, H	1
Gries, A	1
Motsch, J	2
Ulmer, HE	1
Springer, W	1
Senne, I	1
Zourelidis, C	1
Irnich, D	1
Kurz, M	1
Hummel, T	1
Zwissler, B	1
MCDONALD, I	1
FELDMAN, SA	1
LEVI, JA	1
MARINI, F	1
DESENZANI, C	1
TONIOLO, LB	1
DAWSON, GR	1
HERZOG, W	1
JACKSON, BG	1
GEE, EC	1
LAWS, AK	1
MCCANN, B	1
BOURKE, JR	1
Hussain, AS	1
Siddiqui, MS	1
Hamdard, F	1
Mayhew, JF	1
Castilla, M	1
Jerez, M	1
Llácer, M	1
Martinez, S	1
Niazi, A	1
Leonard, IE	1
O'Kelly, B	1
Yanes-Vidal, GJ	1
García-Perla, JL	1
Alarcón-Rubio, M	1
Martinez-Canguelossi, S	1
Siddik-Sayyid, SM	1
Aouad, MT	1
Taha, SK	1
Daaboul, DG	1
Deeb, PG	1
Massouh, FM	1
Muallem, MA	1
Baraka, AS	1
Ceppa, F	1
Kenane, N	1
Chellak, S	1
Bigaillon, C	1
Burnat, P	1
Oksenberg, A	1
Chisholm, E	1
Kotecha, B	1
Sale, SM	1
Read, JA	1
Stoddart, PA	2
Wolf, AR	2
Walther-Larsen, S	1
Rasmussen, LS	1
Nelson, RY	1
Bretz, B	1
Egan, TD	1
Heimann, K	1
Peschgens, T	1
Merz, U	1
Hoernchen, H	1
Wenzl, T	1
Tzeitlin, E	1
Efrat, R	1
Tarabikin, E	1
Peled, E	1
Metzner, I	1
Willson, J	1
Kapur, S	1
van Gammeren, AJ	1
Cobbaert, CM	1
Schrauwen, CJ	1
Voets, MA	1
Ermens, AA	1
Bräutigam, HH	1
Netter, KJ	1
Rietbrock, N	1
Yamaguchi, T	1
Ehashi, H	1
Tamiya, K	1
Ogawa, H	1
Takahashi, N	1
Theodore, J	1
Millen, JE	1
Murdaugh, HV	1
Robin, ED	1
Foldes, FF	1
Blanloeil, Y	1
Bigot, A	1
Dixneuf, B	1
Anderson, KS	1
Kendall, JD	1
Bailey, PL	1
Chevrolet, JC	1
Reverdin, A	1
Suter, PM	1
Tschopp, JM	1
Junod, AF	1
Randolph, J	1
O'Ryan, F	1
Epker, BN	1
Ferguson, A	1
Whittaker, M	1
Britten, JJ	1
Perriss, BW	1
Maharry, JM	1
Sack, RA	1
Chung, SJ	1
Andrews, D	1
Fisher, DM	1
Robinson, S	1
Gregory, GA	1
Nakamura, K	1
Koide, M	1
Imanaga, T	1
Ogasawara, H	1
Takahashi, M	1
Yoshikawa, M	1
Schwartz, MZ	1
Filler, RM	2
Easdown, LJ	1
Tessler, MJ	1
Minuk, J	1
Krane, EJ	2
Haberkern, CM	1
Jacobson, LE	1
Jones, MM	1
Sims, C	2
Johnson, CM	1
Smith, DC	1
Ridley, SA	1
Donaldson, KF	1
Haga, S	1
Shima, T	1
Momose, K	1
Andoh, K	1
Hoshi, K	1
Hashimoto, Y	1
Dubreuil, M	1
Laffon, M	1
Plaud, B	1
Penon, C	1
Ecoffey, C	1
Kazmers, A	1
Jacobs, L	1
Perkins, A	1
Lindenauer, SM	1
Bates, E	1
Brown, TC	1
Cheng, DC	1
Karski, J	1
Peniston, C	1
Asokumar, B	1
Raveendran, G	1
Carroll, J	1
Nierenberg, H	1
Roger, S	1
Mickle, D	1
Tong, J	1
Zelovitsky, J	1
David, T	1
Sandler, A	1
Spens, HJ	1
Drummond, GB	1
Habre, W	1
D'Souza, M	1
Laubinger, R	1
Mellinghoff, H	1
Kawakami, K	1
Ohata, J	1
Kadosaki, M	1
Saito, I	1
Iwasawa, K	1
Mitono, H	1
Nishino, H	1
Kinouchi, K	1
Fukumitsu, K	1
Kitamura, S	1
Takemoto, O	1
Somri, M	1
Gaitini, L	1
Vaida, S	1
Collins, G	1
Sabo, E	1
Mogilner, G	1
Kunst, G	1
Linderkamp, O	1
Holle, R	1
Martin, E	1
Fourel, D	1
Almanza, L	1
Aubouin, JP	1
Guiavarch, M	1
Chipps, BE	1
Moynihan, R	1
Schieble, T	1
Stene, R	1
Feaster, W	1
Marr, C	1
Greenholz, S	1
Poulos, N	1
Groza, D	1
Sleigh, JW	1
Carrión Pareja, JC	1
Candel Calderón, M	1
Orcastegui, JL	1
Breschan, C	1
Krumpholz, R	1
Likar, R	1
Kraschl, R	1
Schalk, HV	1
Henderson-Smart, DJ	2
Steer, P	2
William, JM	1
Williams, SA	1
Galinkin, JL	1
Davis, PJ	1
McGowan, FX	1
Lynn, AM	1
Rabb, MF	1
Yaster, M	1
Henson, LG	1
Blum, R	1
Hechtman, D	1
Maxwell, L	1
Szmuk, P	1
Orr, R	1
Edwards, S	1
Vazquez-Jimenez, JF	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Postoperative Respiratory Monitoring After Neuraxial Opioid Administration for Cesarean Delivery[NCT02417038]		80 participants (Actual)	Observational	2015-04-30	Completed
Evolution of the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Consequences on Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities After Surgery Under General Anesthesia[NCT02833662]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Active, not recruiting
Influence of Different Anesthetic Procedures on Sleep Disorder Breathing in Adult Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery[NCT03499132]		90 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-03-01	Completed
A Prospective Triple-masked Randomized Controlled Trial Measuring Analgesia Duration of Dexamethasone, Buprenorphine, or Clonidine With Ropivacaine for Interscalene Nerve Block[NCT03117140]	Phase 4	160 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
Low Dose Fentanyl/Midazolam Improves Sevoflurane Induction in Adults[NCT00723164]		80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-10-31	Completed
Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Endotracheal Intubation for Inhalational Anesthesia Without the Use of Muscle Relaxants or Analgesics[NCT03112564]		91 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-03-01	Completed
Postoperative Ibuprofen and the Risk of Bleeding After Tonsillectomy With or Without Adenoidectomy[NCT01605903]	Phase 2	741 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-05-03	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Patients are assessed from needle removal to when they are no longer able to feel cold on the blocked extremity (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Day one

Duration of Analgesia

Intervention	minutes (Median)
Plain Ropivacaine	6
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	3
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	6
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	4.5

Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess when the analgesia of their nerve block wore off (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: 1-3 days post-operative

Motor Duration of Block

Intervention	minutes (Median)
Plain Ropivacaine	911
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	1026.5
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	1181
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	982

Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess when motor component of their nerve block wore off (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Day 1-3

Number of Patient With Blood Pressure Changes in the Second Stage Recovery Area

Intervention	minutes (Median)
Plain Ropivacaine	1120
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	1198
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	1090
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	1143.5

Blood pressure changes in Second Stage Recovery Area for patients was looked at (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Post-op Day 0 (baseline)

Number of Patients Reporting Itching at Home

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	5
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	1
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	5
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	0

Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess if they had any side effects of the adjuvants such as nausea, vomiting or itching. There blood pressure is looked at pre-op and compared to post-op. Any prolonged PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit) stay for sedation is recorded. (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: 1-3 days

Number of Patients Reporting Itching in the PACU

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	1
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	2
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	2
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	0

Patients itching was assessed post-op in the PACU. (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Post-op day 0 (baseline)

Number of Patients Reporting Nausea at Home

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	5
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	2
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	6
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	3

Number of Patients Reporting Nausea in the PACU

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	4
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	9
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	2
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	3

PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) assessment of nausea (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Post-op day 0 (Baseline)

Number of Patients Vomiting in the PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	4
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	9
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	2
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	9

Vomiting in PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) for patients was looked at (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Post-op Day 0 (Baseline)

Number of Patients With Blood Pressure (BP) Changes in the PACU

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	0
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	1
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	0
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	0

Blood pressure changes in PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) for patients was looked at (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Post-op Day 0 (baseline)

Pain Score Reported by Patients at First Phone Call

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	8
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	3
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	7
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	2

Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess pain. Pain score is 0-10 scale with 0 is no pain and 10 is most severe pain. (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Day 1-3

Patient Reporting Vomiting at Home

Intervention	units on a scale (Median)
Plain Ropivacaine	4
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	3
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	4
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	3

Sensory Duration of Block

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Plain Ropivacaine	0
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	3
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	2
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	1

Patients are called 1-3 days post-operatively to assess when the sensory component of their nerve block wore off (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Day 1-3

Surgical Length

Surgical Position

Intervention	minutes (Median)
Plain Ropivacaine	923.5
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	982
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	940.5
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	1066

Intervention	minutes (Median)
Plain Ropivacaine	68.5
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	65
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	73.5
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	71

Surgical position was recorded (NCT03117140)
Timeframe: Post-op Day 0 (Baseline)

Number of Participants With Level 3 Postoperative Hemorrhage

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Beach Chair	Lateral	Supine
Plain Ropivacaine	38	2	0
Ropivacaine + Buprenorphine	31	6	3
Ropivacaine + Clonidine	31	7	2
Ropivacaine + Dexamethasone	32	6	2

Postoperative hemorrhage is defined as any history of bleeding occurring within the 14 day postoperative period. Hemorrhage will be stratified into 3 levels of severity. Level 1: includes children with a history of postoperative bleeding evaluated and/or treated by a physician in the emergency room, inpatient unit or operating room; Level 2: children requiring inpatient admission for postoperative bleeding regardless of the need for operative intervention; Level 3: children requiring inpatient admission and return to the operating room for control of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. (NCT01605903)
Timeframe: Data about post-tonsillectomy bleeding will be obtained after the end of a 14-day postoperative period.

Article	Year
Major complications after tongue-tie release: A case report and systematic review. International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2020, Volume: 138 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Ankyloglossia; Apnea; Female; Humans; Infant; Lingual Frenum; Postoperative Comp	2020
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and anaesthesia: case report and review of the literature. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2014, Volume: 61, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia; Fema	2014
Epidural anesthesia and analgesia in the neonate: a review of current evidences. Journal of anesthesia, 2014, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Hernia, I	2014
Inguinal hernia repair in premature infants: more questions than answers. Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2015, Volume: 100, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Bradycardia; Hernia, Inguinal; Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Inf	2015
Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia in preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in early infancy. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2015, Jun-09, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthesia, Conduction; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Bradyc	2015
Plasma pseudo cholinesterase deficiency leading to seven hour apnoea in a child undergoing adeno-tonsillectomy. International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 2012, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Adenoidectomy; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Child, Preschool; Cholinesterases; Drug Hypersensitivit	2012
Neuraxial analgesia in neonates and infants: a review of clinical and preclinical strategies for the development of safety and efficacy data. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2012, Volume: 115, Issue:3 Topics: Age Factors; Analgesia; Analgesics; Animals; Apnea; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Injections, Spi	2012
Postoperative apnea, respiratory strategies, and pathogenesis mechanisms: a review. Journal of anesthesia, 2013, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Animals; Apnea; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Postoperative Perio	2013
The former preterm infant and risk of post-operative apnoea: recommendations for management. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2006, Volume: 50, Issue:7 Topics: Anesthesia, Conduction; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Humans; Infant; Monitoring, Physiologic; Postope	2006
Postoperative apnoea in infants. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1994, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Apnea; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Postoperative Complications;	1994
[Postoperative apnea]. Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS, 1998, Volume: 33, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Cholinesterases; Humans; Postoperative Complications	1998
Postoperative caffeine for preventing apnea in preterm infants. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2000, Issue:2 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Infant, Newborn; In	2000
Prophylactic caffeine to prevent postoperative apnea following general anesthesia in preterm infants. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2001, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Humans; Infant, Newborn; In	2001
Unusual arachnoid cyst of the quadrigeminal cistern in an adult presenting with apneic spells and normal pressure hydrocephalus--case report. Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 2002, Volume: 42, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Arachnoid Cysts; Brain Stem; Cerebellar Ataxia; Cerebral Aqueduct; Consciousness Disord	2002

Article	Year
Incidence of postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression episodes in patients on room air or supplemental oxygen: a post-hoc analysis of the PRODIGY trial. BMC anesthesiology, 2023, 10-04, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Capnography; Humans; Incidence; Oximetry; Oxygen; Postoperative Complicat	2023
Apnea after Awake Regional and General Anesthesia in Infants: The General Anesthesia Compared to Spinal Anesthesia Study--Comparing Apnea and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes, a Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesthesiology, 2015, Volume: 123, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Child Development; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans	2015
Remifentanil versus fentanyl for esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2010, Volume: 51, Issue:5 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Child; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Female; Fentanyl; Hemodynamics; Human	2010
Statistical model for postoperative apnea-hypopnea index after multilevel surgery for sleep-disordered breathing. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2011, Volume: 268, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Airway Resistance; Apnea; Body Mass Index; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Male	2011
A comparison of sevoflurane-propofol versus sevoflurane or propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2005, Volume: 100, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apn	2005
A comparison of sevoflurane-propofol versus sevoflurane or propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2005, Volume: 100, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apn	2005
A comparison of sevoflurane-propofol versus sevoflurane or propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2005, Volume: 100, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apn	2005
A comparison of sevoflurane-propofol versus sevoflurane or propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in adults. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2005, Volume: 100, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apn	2005
Prospective comparison of sevoflurane and desflurane in formerly premature infants undergoing inguinal herniotomy. British journal of anaesthesia, 2006, Volume: 96, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apnea; Birth Weight; Desflurane; Gestational Ag	2006
Postoperative apnea, bradycardia, and oxygen desaturation in formerly premature infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1995, Volume: 80, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Bradycardia; Hemoglobins; Humans; Infant, Newborn; I	1995
Morbidity outcome in early versus conventional tracheal extubation after coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective randomized controlled trial. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 1996, Volume: 112, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apnea; Catecholamines;	1996
Ventilatory effects of eltanolone during induction of anaesthesia: comparison with propofol and thiopentone. British journal of anaesthesia, 1996, Volume: 77, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apnea; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative	1996
[Midazolam for anesthetic induction in neonates]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 1998, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Bilirubin; Blood Press	1998
Postoperative outcome in high-risk infants undergoing herniorrhaphy: comparison between spinal and general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia, 1998, Volume: 53, Issue:8 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Bradycardia; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant, Newbo	1998
The proportion of high risk preterm infants with postoperative apnea and bradycardia is the same after general and spinal anesthesia. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1999, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Bradyca	1999
Post-operative recovery after inguinal herniotomy in ex-premature infants: comparison between sevoflurane and spinal anaesthesia. British journal of anaesthesia, 2001, Volume: 86, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, Spinal; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Bradycardia; Bupivacaine; He	2001
A randomized multicenter study of remifentanil compared with halothane in neonates and infants undergoing pyloromyotomy. II. Perioperative breathing patterns in neonates and infants with pyloric stenosis. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2001, Volume: 93, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apnea; Halothane; Heart Rate; Humans; Infant; Inf	2001
Postoperative apnea in former preterm infants: prospective comparison of spinal and general anesthesia. Anesthesiology, 1990, Volume: 72, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Bradycardia; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant, Newbo	1990
High-dose caffeine suppresses postoperative apnea in former preterm infants. Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 71, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Bradycardia; Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; He	1989
Patient-controlled analgesia with a mixture of pethidine and doxapram hydrochloride. A comparison of the incidence of respiratory dysrhythmias with pethidine alone. Anaesthesia, 1988, Volume: 43, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Doxapram; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Meper	1988
The use of caffeine in the control of post-anesthetic apnea in former premature infants. Anesthesiology, 1988, Volume: 68, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Apnea; Caffeine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Hernia, Ingu	1988

Article	Year
A case of hyperventilation leading to apnea and desaturation in PACU. BMC anesthesiology, 2019, 08-14, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Female; Haloperidol; Humans; Hyp	2019
Outcomes in single-stage multilevel surgery for obstructive sleep apnea: Transoral robotic surgery, expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty and septoplasty. The international journal of medical robotics + computer assisted surgery : MRCAS, 2019, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Anthropometry; Apnea; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Hypopharynx; Larynx; Male; Middle Aged;	2019
Automatic unsupervised respiratory analysis of infant respiratory inductance plethysmography signals. PloS one, 2020, Volume: 15, Issue:9 Topics: Apnea; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Plethysmography; Postoperative Complications; Respiratory Mecha	2020
Prospective Observational Investigation of Capnography and Pulse Oximetry Monitoring After Cesarean Delivery With Intrathecal Morphine. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2019, Volume: 128, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Capnography; Cesarean Section; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Inj	2019
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols in neonates should focus on the respiratory tract. Pediatric surgery international, 2019, Volume: 35, Issue:6 Topics: Airway Extubation; Apnea; Bradycardia; Clinical Protocols; Cohort Studies; Humans; Infant, Newborn;	2019
Clinical characteristics and phenotype-genotype review of 25 Omani children with congenital hyperinsulinism in infancy. A one-decade single-center experience. Saudi medical journal, 2019, Volume: 40, Issue:7 Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; Congenital Hyperinsulinism; Diabetes Mellitus; Enzyme Replacement Therapy;	2019
Changes in airflow dynamics after creation of pharyngeal flaps in nonsyndromic children. Annals of plastic surgery, 2013, Volume: 70, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Pharynx; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Polysomnography; Postoperat	2013
Postoperative apnea after inguinal hernia repair in formerly premature infants: impacts of gestational age, postconceptional age and comorbidities. Pediatric surgery international, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:8 Topics: Age Factors; Apnea; Female; Gestational Age; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Prem	2013
The use of caffeine for the treatment of apnea of prematurity and bradycardia in a holoprosencephalic child with cleft lip and palate. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2013, Volume: 25, Issue:8 Topics: Apnea; Bradycardia; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Citrates; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate;	2013
Factors associated with postoperative exacerbation of sleep-disordered breathing. Anesthesiology, 2014, Volume: 120, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Apnea; Data Interpretation, Statistical; D	2014
Factors associated with postoperative exacerbation of sleep-disordered breathing. Anesthesiology, 2014, Volume: 120, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Apnea; Data Interpretation, Statistical; D	2014
Factors associated with postoperative exacerbation of sleep-disordered breathing. Anesthesiology, 2014, Volume: 120, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Apnea; Data Interpretation, Statistical; D	2014
Factors associated with postoperative exacerbation of sleep-disordered breathing. Anesthesiology, 2014, Volume: 120, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia; Apnea; Data Interpretation, Statistical; D	2014
[A case of tracheal intubation for apnea with epidural opioid in recovery room after operation under general anesthesia]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2013, Volume: 62, Issue:10 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adnexa Uteri; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Female; Fentanyl; Humans; Int	2013
Pediatric emergency medicine: legal briefs. Pediatric emergency care, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:12 Topics: Adolescent; Ambulances; Amputation, Surgical; Apnea; Blindness; Brain Damage, Chronic; Child; Child,	2013
Surgical approaches to aortopexy for severe tracheomalacia. Journal of pediatric surgery, 2014, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Aorta; Apnea; Brachiocephalic Trunk; Bronchoscopy; Child; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therap	2014
Allergic reaction to suxamethonium during emergency caesarean section and pseudocholinesterase deficiency in the same patient. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 2014, Volume: 126, Issue:13-14 Topics: Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cesarean Section; Diagnosis, Differential; Dr	2014
Safety of unsedated PEG placement using transoral ultrathin endoscopy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nutritional neuroscience, 2017, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Apnea; Conscious Sedation; Deep Sedation; Deglutition Disorders	2017
Automated analysis of respiratory behavior for the prediction of apnea in infants following general anesthesia. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference, 2014, Volume: 2014 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Automation; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Monitoring, P	2014
Postoperative Apnea in Former Preterm Infants: General Anesthesia or Spinal Anesthesia--Do We Have an Answer? Anesthesiology, 2015, Volume: 123, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Child Development; Female; Humans; Male; Postoperati	2015
Apnoea and delayed cardiorespiratory arrest after endoscopy for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases, 2016, Volume: 133, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Endoscopy; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oropharyngeal N	2016
Cerebrospinal fluid volume in neonates undergoing spinal anaesthesia: a descriptive magnetic resonance imaging study. British journal of anaesthesia, 2016, Volume: 117, Issue:2 Topics: Age Factors; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Body Weight; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Femal	2016
Unknown Pseudocholinesterase Deficiency in a Patient Undergoing TIVA with Planned Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring: A Case Report. AANA journal, 2016, Volume: 84, Issue:3 Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cervical Vertebrae; Diskec	2016
Respiratory volume monitoring in an obese surgical population and the prediction of postoperative respiratory depression by the STOP-bang OSA risk score. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2016, Volume: 34 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Elective Surgical Procedures; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Monitoring, Physiolog	2016
Seizure disorder leading to apnea and bradycardia in a 9-year-old child in immediate postoperative period. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2008, Volume: 18, Issue:12 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Bradycardia; Child; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Generalized; Human	2008
Spinal anesthesia for the premature infant: is this really the answer to avoiding postoperative apnea? Paediatric anaesthesia, 2009, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Clinical Protocols; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant	2009
Automated respiratory inductive plethysmography to evaluate breathing in infants at risk for postoperative apnea. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2008, Volume: 55, Issue:11 Topics: Algorithms; Apnea; Artifacts; Automation; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Female; Fingers; Humans;	2008
Risk factors for apnea after infant inguinal hernia repair. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2009, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Child, Preschool; Gastroscopy; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant; Postoper	2009
Fresh frozen plasma transfusion for reversal of prolonged post-anaesthesia apnoea. Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England), 2009, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia; Apnea; Blood Component Transfusion; Female; Humans; Paralysis; Plasma; Posto	2009
Reversal of hindbrain herniation after maternal-fetal surgery for myelomeningocele subsequently impacts on brain stem function. Neuropediatrics, 2008, Volume: 39, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Brain Stem; Child; Child, Preschool; Decompression, Surgical; Deg	2008
Impact of spinal anesthesia for open pyloromyotomy on operating room time. Journal of pediatric surgery, 2009, Volume: 44, Issue:10 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Female; Humans	2009
Rupture of a vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm developing immediately after trapping of a dissecting aneurysm on the contralateral vertebral artery: case report. Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 2009, Volume: 49, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Brain Stem; Brain Stem Infarctions; Cerebral Revascularization; Embolization, Therapeu	2009
Early management of endotoxemia using the endotoxin activity assay and polymyxin B-based hemoperfusion. Contributions to nephrology, 2010, Volume: 167 Topics: Apnea; Bacterial Infections; Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Combined Modality Therapy; Endotoxemia;	2010
[Cough, syncope, respiratory arrest, and supraventricular bigeminy during spinal anesthesia: presentation of a left atrial myxoma]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2010, Volume: 57, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Epidural; Apnea; Atrial Premature Complexes; Cicatrix; Cough; Female; Fibromatosi	2010
Prolonged apnea after small single dose of intravenous tramadol. AANA journal, 2010, Volume: 78, Issue:2 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms; Nose Disea	2010
A critical review of premature infants with inguinal hernias: optimal timing of repair, incarceration risk, and postoperative apnea. Journal of pediatric surgery, 2011, Volume: 46, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Birth Weight; Comorbidity; Elective Surgical Procedures; Female; General Surgery; Gestational	2011
Automated off-line respiratory event detection for the study of postoperative apnea in infants. IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering, 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:6 Topics: Algorithms; Apnea; Artifacts; Computer Simulation; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Monitoring, Physiologic;	2011
Retrospective review of ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block with general anesthesia for herniotomy in ex-premature neonates. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2011, Volume: 21, Issue:11 Topics: Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apnea; Bradycardia; Female	2011
Predictive factors of PACU stay after herniorraphy in infant: a classification and regression tree analysis. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2012, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Birth Weight; Cohort Studies; Conscious	2012
Apnea and mydriasis after postoperative tramadol administration: an unusual complication and possible underlying mechanisms. Anaesthesia, 2012, Volume: 67, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Airway Management; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Cholecystectomy, Laparosco	2012
Importance of evaluating for cow's milk allergy in pediatric surgical patients with functional bowel symptoms. Journal of pediatric surgery, 2011, Volume: 46, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Catheterization; Cattle; Constipation; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Errors; E	2011
[Caudal block and light sevoflurane mask anesthesia in high-risk infants: an audit of 98 cases]. Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 2012, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, Caudal; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apnea; Female; Hernia, Inguinal	2012
Overnight observation in former premature infants undergoing inguinal hernia repair. Journal of pediatric surgery, 2012, Volume: 47, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Monitoring, Physiologic; Postop	2012
Peri-operative anisocoria--the importance of pupil assessment before general anaesthesia. Anaesthesia, 2012, Volume: 67, Issue:9 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Female; Humans; Mydriasis; Pain, Postoperative; Postoperative Complicatio	2012
[Results of the use of laparoscopic anti-reflux procedure for the prevention of episodes of apnea, bradycardia and desaturation]. Cirugia pediatrica : organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Pediatrica, 2010, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Bradycardia; Child, Preschool; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Infant; Laparoscopy; Postoper	2010
Surgical management of symptomatic Chiari II malformation in infants and children. Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2013, Volume: 29, Issue:7 Topics: Apnea; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Cervical Vertebrae; Child; Child, Preschool; Decompression, Surgi	2013
Apnoea in a former preterm infant after caudal bupivacaine with clonidine for inguinal herniorrhaphy. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2002, Volume: 12, Issue:7 Topics: Anesthesia, Caudal; Anesthetics, Combined; Apnea; Bupivacaine; Clonidine; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans;	2002
[Anesthetic management for laryngotracheal separation and tracheoesophageal diversion]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 2002, Volume: 51, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Anastomosis, Surgical; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Cerebral Palsy; Child; Child, Prescho	2002
[Emergency from anesthesia in small children. From laryngospasm to prolonged apnea]. Der Anaesthesist, 2003, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Anesthesia; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Child, Preschool; Emergency Medical Se	2003
[Central anticholinergic syndrome and apnea after general anaesthesia. A rare manifestation of the central anticholinergic syndrome]. Der Anaesthesist, 2003, Volume: 52, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Ce	2003
A CASE OF SUXAMETHONIUM SENSITIVITY. The Medical journal of Australia, 1963, Aug-10, Volume: 2 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesiology; Apnea; Atropine; Bis-Trimethylammonium Compounds; Butyrylcholinesterase;	1963
PROLONGED PARESIS FOLLOWING GALLAMINE; A CASE REPORT. British journal of anaesthesia, 1963, Volume: 35 Topics: Anuria; Apnea; Gallamine Triethiodide; Humans; Kidney; Kidneys, Artificial; Neostigmine; Paralysis;	1963
[TRACHEOTOMY IN PATIENTS INJURED IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS]. Chirurgia italiana, 1963, Volume: 15 Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Apnea; Heart Arrest; Hemorrhage; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Pneumothorax; Po	1963
A CASE OF POST-OPERATIVE APNOEA RESPONDING TO INTRAVENOUS SODIUM BICARBONATE INFUSION. The Medical journal of Australia, 1964, Apr-04, Volume: 1 Topics: Acidosis; Apnea; Atropine; Bicarbonates; Bis-Trimethylammonium Compounds; Gallamine Triethiodide; Hu	1964
[ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION]. Zeitschrift fur Tuberkulose und Erkrankungen der Thoraxorgane, 1964, Volume: 121 Topics: Apnea; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency; Respiration, Artificial;	1964
PROBLEMS IN PAEDIATRIC ANAESTHESIA. The Medical journal of Australia, 1964, Oct-24, Volume: 2 Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesiology; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Bradycardia; Child; Humans; Hypothermia; In	1964
Postoperative apnoea in an ex-premature infant: is it only related to clonidine? Paediatric anaesthesia, 2003, Volume: 13, Issue:8 Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, Caudal; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Bupivacaine; Clonidi	2003
Anaesthetic management in a neonate with congenital complete heart block. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2004, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apnea; Heart Block; Heart Rate; Humans; In	2004
Prolonged neuromuscular blockade as a result of malnutrition-induced pseudocholinesterase deficiency. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2004, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Humans; Isoquinolines; Male; Malnutrition; Mivacurium; Neuromusc	2004
Apnoea episodes in Hirschsprung's disease and the anaesthesia implications of neurocristopathies. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2004, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia; Apnea; Child, Preschool; Hirschsprung Disease; Humans; Male; Postoperative Complications	2004
[Prolonged succinylcholine-induced apnoea associated with cholinesterase silent plasma variant]. Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 2005, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholinesterases; Humans; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents	2005
The increase of the apnoea-hypopnoea index after surgery is not always related to a real failure of the surgery. Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery, 2005, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Humans; Male; Polysomnography; Postoperative Complicatio	2005
The increase of the apnoea-hypopnoea after surgery is not always related to a real failure of the surgery. Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery, 2005, Volume: 30, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Treatment Failure; Treatment O	2005
Prolonged apnea after remifentanil. Journal of clinical anesthesia, 2007, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Craniotomy; Humans; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic	2007
[Depression of respiration via toxic effects on the central nervous system following use of topical brimonidine in an infant with congenital glaucoma]. Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft, 2007, Volume: 104, Issue:6 Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Apnea; Brimonidine Tartrate; Cataract; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Infant, Ne	2007
Spinal anesthesia in neonates and infants - a single-center experience of 505 cases. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2007, Volume: 17, Issue:7 Topics: Anesthesia, Spinal; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Body Weight; Bradycardia; Bupivacaine; Female; Gestat	2007
Apnoeic spells following general anaesthesia in a patient with familial hemiplegic migraine. Anaesthesia, 2007, Volume: 62, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Hemiplegia; Humans; Male; Migraine Disorders; Postoperative Compl	2007
Fresh frozen plasma transfusion for reversal of prolonged post-anaesthesia apnoea. Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England), 2008, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Apnea; Blood Transfusion; Female; Humans; Paralysis; Plasma; Postoperative Complications	2008
[Postoperative apnea after suxamethonium]. Archiv fur Gynakologie, 1966, Volume: 203, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Bis-Trimethylammonium Compounds; Blood Transfusion; Cholinesterases; Female; Humans; M	1966
[Cases of sudden postoperative respiratory arrest]. Geka chiryo. Surgical therapy, 1966, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Female; Humans; Infant; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Compl	1966
Prolonged postoperative apnea with pseudocholinesterase deficiency. The American review of respiratory disease, 1967, Volume: 96, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Bronchography; Cholinesterases; Deficiency Diseases; Female; Huma	1967
The clinical use of muscle relaxants. Bulletin der Schweizerischen Akademie der Medizinischen Wissenschaften, 1967, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia; Apnea; Decamethonium Compounds; Drug Synergism; Gallamine Triethiodide; Humans; Muscles;	1967
[General anesthesia and Huntington chorea]. Cahiers d'anesthesiologie, 1982, Volume: 30, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Humans; Huntington Disease; Male; Postoperative Complications; Ti	1982
A review of succinylcholine-induced apnea. AANA journal, 1982, Volume: 50, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Cholinesterases; Drug Interactions; Female; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Pregnancy; R	1982
Timolol and postoperative apnea in neonates and young infants. Anesthesiology, 1984, Volume: 61, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Postoperative Complications; Timolol	1984
Ventilatory dysfunction resulting from bilateral anterolateral high cervical cordotomy. Dual beneficial effect of aminophylline. Chest, 1983, Volume: 84, Issue:1 Topics: Aminophylline; Apnea; Cordotomy; Diaphragm; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Humans; Hypoventilation; M	1983
Experience with the Nissen fundoplication for correction of gastroesophageal reflux in infants. Annals of surgery, 1983, Volume: 198, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Esophagitis; Failure to Thrive; Follow-Up Studies; Gastric Fundus; Gastroesophageal Reflux; H	1983
Prolonged apnea after orthognathic surgery due to atypical cholinesterase. International journal of oral surgery, 1981, Volume: 10, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Cholinesterases; Female; Humans; Mandible	1981
Suxamethonium apnoea associated with pregnancy and liver dysfunction in a treated cretin. Anaesthesia, 1983, Volume: 38, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Apnea; Cesarean Section; Cholinesterases; Congenital Hypothyroidism;	1983
Prolonged postoperative apnea complicating gynecologic surgery; atypical cholinesterase and myasthenia gravis. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1982, May-01, Volume: 143, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Cholinesterases; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Middle Age	1982
Prolonged postoperative succinylcholine-induced apnea with pseudocholinesterase deficiency. Journal of the Tennessee Medical Association, 1982, Volume: 75, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholinesterases; Female; Humans; Postoperative Complications; S	1982
Additional causes of postoperative complications in premature infants. Anesthesiology, 1982, Volume: 57, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Humans; Hypoxia; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Postoperative Complications; W	1982
Prolonged neuromuscular blockade following trimetaphan infusion. A case report and in vitro study of cholinesterase inhibition. Anaesthesia, 1980, Volume: 35, Issue:12 Topics: Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm; Apnea; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Humans	1980
Tracheal compression as a cause of apnea following repair of tracheoesophageal fistula: treatment by aortopexy. Journal of pediatric surgery, 1980, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Aorta; Apnea; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Postoperative Complications; Sternum; T	1980
Upper airway involvement in Parkinson's disease resulting in postoperative respiratory failure. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1995, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Airway Obstruction; Antiparkinson Agents; Apnea; Carcinoma; Humans; Male; Parkinson Disease; P	1995
Apnea in postsurgical hypnotherapy of an esophageal cancer patient: a brief communication. The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosis, 1994, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Apnea; Deglutition Disorders; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Humans	1994
Fresh frozen plasma and edrophonium in a patient with a plasma cholinesterase deficiency. Anaesthesia, 1993, Volume: 48, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Cholinesterases; Edrophonium; Female; Humans; Monitoring, Physiologic; Neuromuscular J	1993
[Postoperative apnea in preterm infants after inguinal herniorrhaphy]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 1993, Volume: 42, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Japan; Postoperative	1993
Complications and fiberoptic assessment of size 1 laryngeal mask airway. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1993, Volume: 76, Issue:3 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Apnea; Bronchial Spasm; Child; Child, Preschool; Cough; Evaluation Studies as To	1993
Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in Veterans Affairs medical centers. Journal of vascular surgery, 1996, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Aortic Rupture; Apnea; Diagnosis-Related Groups; Diss	1996
Respiratory arrest in two children following postoperative flushing of suxamethonium from the deadspace of intravenous cannulae. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1996, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Catheterization; Child, Preschool; Humans; Male; Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; Postopera	1996
Anaesthetic management of children with Joubert syndrome. Paediatric anaesthesia, 1997, Volume: 7, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Cerebellar Diseases; Cerebellum; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infan	1997
[Anesthesia and perioperative management in infants with Chiari type II malformation]. Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 1998, Volume: 47, Issue:8 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Child, Preschool; Decompression, Surgical; H	1998
[Remifentanil: postoperative respiratory depression after purging of the infusion line]. Annales francaises d'anesthesie et de reanimation, 1999, Volume: 18, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Apnea; Female; Humans; Intubation, Intratrache	1999
Infants undergoing pyloromyotomy are not at risk for postoperative apnea. Staff of Sutter Community Hospitals Sleep Disorders Center. Pediatric pulmonology, 1999, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Polysomnography; Postopera	1999
Postoperative respiratory arrhythmias: incidence and measurement. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1999, Volume: 43, Issue:7 Topics: Abdomen; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analgesics, Opioid; Analysis of Variance; Apnea; Female; Fo	1999
[Pharmacogenic postoperative apnea. Bambuterol and succinylcholine]. Archivos de bronconeumologia, 1999, Volume: 35, Issue:8 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Apnea; Bronchodilator Agents; Drug Interactions; Humans; Male; Neuromuscula	1999
Can a dose of 2microg.kg(-1) caudal clonidine cause respiratory depression in neonates? Paediatric anaesthesia, 1999, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Amides; Anesthesia, Caudal; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; A	1999
Aortopexy in severe tracheal instability: short-term and long-term outcome in 29 infants and children. The Annals of thoracic surgery, 2001, Volume: 72, Issue:6 Topics: Aorta, Thoracic; Apnea; Child, Preschool; Connective Tissue; Esophageal Atresia; Female; Follow-Up S	2001
Spinal anesthesia in 62 premature, former-premature or young infants--technical aspects and pitfalls. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2002, Volume: 49, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, Spinal; Apnea; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premat	2002
Postoperative recovery after inguinal herniotomy in ex-premature infants and the use of caffeine. British journal of anaesthesia, 2002, Volume: 88, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newbor	2002
[Plasma cholinesterase variations as a result of prolonged neuromuscular blockade. Review and problems encountered in two cases of prolonged neuromuscular blockade after muscle relaxation with succinylcholine as compared to mivacurium]. Der Anaesthesist, 2002, Volume: 51, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Cholinesterases; Humans; Isoquinolines; Male; Middle Aged; Mivacurium; Neuromuscular Depolari	2002
Hypersomnia-sleep apnea due to micrognathia. Reversal by tracheoplasty. Archives of neurology, 1978, Volume: 35, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Female; Humans; Micrognathism; Postoperative Complic	1978
The case against neonatal circumcision. British medical journal, 1979, Sep-01, Volume: 2, Issue:6189 Topics: Anesthesia; Apnea; Circumcision, Male; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Pos	1979
Post-operative apnoea caused by breath-holding spells. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1978, Volume: 25, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; Humans; Male; Postoperative Complications; Respiration	1978
[Intra medulla oblongata and cervical ependymoma (surgery, apnea for two months and improvement) (author's transl)]. Neuro-Chirurgie, 1978, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Apnea; Brain Neoplasms; Ependymoma; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Medulla Oblongata	1978
Ondine's curse after carotid endarterectomy. British medical journal, 1978, Dec-09, Volume: 2, Issue:6152 Topics: Apnea; Carotid Artery Diseases; Carotid Artery, Internal; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Endarterectom	1978
Thal fundoplication: a simple and safe operative treatment for gastroesophageal reflux. Journal of pediatric surgery, 1978, Volume: 13, Issue:6D Topics: Adolescent; Apnea; Child; Child, Preschool; Follow-Up Studies; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Hernia, Hiat	1978
Complications of percutaneous surgery for pain. Clinical neurosurgery, 1976, Volume: 23 Topics: Apnea; Electrocoagulation; Humans; Pain, Intractable; Paresthesia; Postoperative Complications; Spin	1976
Life-threatening anoxic spells caused by tracheal compression after repair of esophageal atresia: correction by surgery. Journal of pediatric surgery, 1976, Volume: 11, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; Constriction, Pathologic; Esophageal Atresia; Humans; Hypoxia; Infant; Male	1976
Postoperative apnoea following nivalin administration. Der Anaesthesist, 1976, Volume: 25, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Female; Galantamine; Humans; Middle Aged; Neuroleptanalgesia; Postoperative Complicati	1976
Advantages of the prone position for neurosurgical procedures on the upper cervical spine and posterior cranial fossa in children. Child's brain, 1975, Volume: 1, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Blood Pressure; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Cerebrovascular Circulation	1975
Post-operative muscle rigidity in an infant. European journal of anaesthesiology, 1992, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Drug Interactions; Fentanyl; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Male; Mu	1992
Postoperative apnea in infants. Journal of pediatric surgery, 1992, Volume: 27, Issue:8 Topics: Age Factors; Apnea; Bradycardia; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Moni	1992
Postoperative apnea syndrome in premature infants. The Western journal of medicine, 1992, Volume: 157, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Postoperative Compli	1992
Neonatal postoperative apnea--unexplained? Anesthesiology, 1992, Volume: 76, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Postoperative Complications	1992
Postoperative apnea in a full-term infant. Anesthesiology, 1991, Volume: 75, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Humans; Infant; Male; Postoperative Complications	1991
AURA: a new respiratory monitor and apnoea alarm for spontaneously breathing patients. British journal of anaesthesia, 1991, Volume: 67, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Male	1991
Anemia and postoperative apnea in former preterm infants. Anesthesiology, 1991, Volume: 74, Issue:6 Topics: Anemia; Apnea; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Postoperative C	1991
Association of postoperative apnea, airway obstruction, and hypoxemia in former premature infants. Anesthesiology, 1991, Volume: 75, Issue:1 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Apnea; Atropine; Halothane; Heart Rate; Humans; Infant,	1991
Postoperative apnea in a full-term infant with a demonstrable respiratory pattern abnormality. Anesthesiology, 1990, Volume: 72, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Bradycardia; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Postoperative Complication	1990
[Postoperative apnea--a special risk for former preterm infants]. Anasthesie, Intensivtherapie, Notfallmedizin, 1990, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthesia; Apnea; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Minor Surgical Procedures; Po	1990
Tonsillectomy in children under 3 years of age. Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 1990, Volume: 116, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Child, Preschool; District of Columbia; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Nasal Obstruction; Postope	1990
Does the haemoglobin concentration predict post-op apnea in ex-preterm infants? Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1990, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Pt 2 Topics: Apnea; Blood Transfusion; Bradycardia; Erythrocyte Transfusion; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Infant, Ne	1990
Postoperative apnoea in former preterm infants: does anaemia increase the risk? Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1990, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Pt 2 Topics: Anemia; Apnea; Bradycardia; Hematocrit; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature	1990
[Slit-ventricle syndrome presenting spells of respiratory distress and consciousness disturbance, associated with a significant elevation of intracranial pressure. Case report]. Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 1987, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Child; Consciousness Disorders; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Intracrani	1987
Sensitivity to both vecuronium and neostigmine in a sero-negative myasthenic patient. British journal of anaesthesia, 1989, Volume: 63, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Female; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; Neostigmine; Postoperative Complications; Vecuroniu	1989
Postoperative apnea in a full-term infant. Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 70, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Bladder Exstrophy; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Postoperative Complications	1989
Postoperative apnea after caudal anesthesia in an ex-premature infant. Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 71, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, Caudal; Anesthesia, Epidural; Apnea; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn;	1989
Aneurysm of aberrant right subclavian artery and Ondine's curse. The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 1989, Volume: 97, Issue:2 Topics: Aneurysm; Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Dissection; Apnea; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Postoperative Comp	1989
Postoperative apnea. Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 70, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Postoperative Complications	1989
Acute respiratory arrest and rigidity after anesthesia with sufentanil: a case report. Anesthesiology, 1985, Volume: 63, Issue:6 Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Apnea; Coma; Fentanyl; Humans; Male; Muscle	1985
[Aortopexy as a treatment for severe tracheomalacia]. Cirugia pediatrica : organo oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Cirugia Pediatrica, 1988, Volume: 1, Issue:4 Topics: Aorta; Aorta, Thoracic; Apnea; Esophageal Atresia; Esophageal Fistula; Fistula; Humans; Infant; Male	1988
Postoperative apnea in a full-term infant. Anesthesiology, 1988, Volume: 69, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Diseases in Twins; Female; Humans; Infant	1988
Postoperative apnea in preterm infants. Anesthesiology, 1987, Volume: 66, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Apnea; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature;	1987
Postanesthetic apnea and periodic breathing in infants. Anesthesiology, 1986, Volume: 65, Issue:6 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Di	1986
[Mechanisms of adaptation of breathing and swallowing coordination following partial laryngectomy]. Laryngologie, Rhinologie, Otologie, 1987, Volume: 66, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Apnea; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Mi	1987
Prolonged neuromuscular blockade following suxamethonium in a patient with a normal genotype. Anaesthesia, 1986, Volume: 41, Issue:8 Topics: Apnea; Child; Cholinesterases; Female; Genotype; Humans; Postoperative Complications; Succinylcholin	1986
D-penicillamine induced myasthenia gravis. Its relevance for the anaesthetist. British journal of anaesthesia, 1986, Volume: 58, Issue:10 Topics: Apnea; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Myasthenia Gravis; Penicillamine; Postope	1986
Therapeutic rounds: abnormally prolonged responses to neuromuscular blocking agents. Clinical therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Drug Interactions; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neostigmine; Pancuronium; Postoperative Complic	1986
Laryngeal stridor associated with the Chiari II malformation. Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 1985, Volume: 1, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Infant	1985
Naloxone reversal of postoperative apnea in a premature infant. Anesthesiology, 1985, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Apnea; Bradycardia; Endorphins; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature,	1985
Postoperative apnoea and latent myasthenia gravis. Value of acetylcholine receptor antibody estimation in the differential diagnosis. Anaesthesia, 1985, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Aged; Alcuronium; Antibodies; Apnea; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; Pos	1985
Small intestinal atresia: the critical role of a functioning anastomosis. Annals of surgery, 1974, Volume: 179, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Catheterization; Duodenal Diseases; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intestinal Atresia	1974
[4 cases of colimycin curarization]. Cahiers d'anesthesiologie, 1968, Volume: 16, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Colistin; Drug Synergism; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuromuscular Nondepolariz	1968
A new analeptic agent: doxapram hydrochloride (Dopram). JAMA, 1966, Jun-06, Volume: 196, Issue:10 Topics: Apnea; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Doxapram; Humans; Postoperative Complications	1966
[Acute respiratory dishess syndrome due to high dosage of penicilline in a case of myasthenia gravis (author's transl)]. Der Anaesthesist, 1973, Volume: 22, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Atropine; Drug Hypersensitivity; Female; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; Neostigmine; Penic	1973
Sleep-induced apnea. 2. Respiratory failure after anterior spinal surgery. Journal of neurosurgery, 1974, Volume: 40, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Bradycardia; Carbon Dioxide; Cervical Vertebrae; Humans; Hypotension, Orthostatic; Inte	1974
[Problems of ventilation disorders in newborn and therapy possibilities]. Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, 1974, Jan-15, Volume: 68, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amniotic Fluid; Apnea; Buffers; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant,	1974
Respiratory death after renal homotransplantation. Australasian annals of medicine, 1968, Volume: 17, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Apnea; Female; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Lung; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Postoperat	1968
Neuromuscular blocking properties of antibiotics as a cause of post-operative apnoea by E. R. J. Emery. International anesthesiology clinics, 1968,Summer, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Apnea; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; History, 20th Century; H	1968
Physiologic abnormalities encountered after removal of brain tumors from the floor of the fourth ventricle. Journal of neurosurgery, 1965, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; Cerebral Ventriculography; Deglutition Disorders; Glioma	1965
Possible interaction between muscle relaxants and the kallikrein-trypsin inactivator "Trasylol". Report of three cases. British journal of anaesthesia, 1966, Volume: 38, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Aprotinin; Drug Synergism; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; H	1966
[Anesthesia risks in atlanto-axoideal subluxation]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 1970, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Brachial Plexus Neuritis; Female; Humans; Joint Dislocations; Kidney Cal	1970
Augmented ventilation by synchronous phrenic nerve stimulation. Transactions - American Society for Artificial Internal Organs, 1970, Volume: 16 Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Apnea; Bronchial Spasm; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Humans; Hyperve	1970
[Double aortic arch]. Zeitschrift fur die gesamte innere Medizin und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1970, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20 Topics: Aortic Aneurysm; Aortic Coarctation; Apnea; Deglutition Disorders; Diagnosis, Differential; Esophagu	1970
Management of postoperative problems. Wisconsin medical journal, 1971, Volume: 70, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Humans; Hypertension; Hypotension; Hypoventilation; Postoperative Compl	1971
Respiratory problems in surgical patients. American journal of surgery, 1968, Volume: 116, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia; Apnea; Humans; Hypoventilation; Intensive Care Units; Male; Postoperative Complica	1968
Abnormal reaction to procaine and succinylcholine in a patient with inherited atypical plasma cholinesterase: case report. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1968, Volume: 15, Issue:5 Topics: Abdomen; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adult; Anesthesia, Local; Apnea; Cholinesterases; Drug Hypersensitiv	1968
Pyloric stenosis. Clinical anesthesia, 1968, Volume: 3 Topics: Acidosis; Anesthesia; Apnea; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Postoperative Complications; Pot	1968
[Prolonged apnea following to administration of succinylcholine]. Minerva anestesiologica, 1968, Volume: 34, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Cholinesterases; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lipoma; Male; Postoperative Complica	1968
Colistimethate as a cause of postoperative apnoea. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1966, Volume: 13, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Calcium Chloride; Colistin; Female; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Middle Aged; Paralysis; Postopera	1966
A clinical comparison of propanidid and thiopentone as induction agents to general anaesthesia. Canadian Anaesthetists' Society journal, 1966, Volume: 13, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthetics; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Child; Female; Halothane; Humans; Hyper	1966

apnea and Postoperative Complications