apnea and Asystole studies

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" CR signals were analyzed for CR events, ie, apneas of >/=4-second duration, desaturations to	9.10	Gastroesophageal reflux and apnea of prematurity: no temporal relationship. ( Bohnhorst, B; Peter, CS; Poets, CF; Silny, J; Sprodowski, N, 2002)
"According to current guidelines, apnea testing has to be performed after prerequisites have been met and in a fashion where hypercapnia is achieved in the face of stable oxygenation and hemodynamics."	8.91	Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review. ( Lazaridis, C; Shah, V, 2015)
" We propose that the apnea and coma reported is due to carbon dioxide narcosis."	7.70	Carbon dioxide narcosis-induced apnea in a rat model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. ( Guo, SZ; Iyer, VG; Patenaude, B; Reid, KH, 1998)
" We present a case of a 52-year-old man whose only features of astrocytoma consisted of episodes of apnea and sinus arrest followed by prolonged alveolar hypoventilation."	7.69	Astrocytoma presenting with apnea and sinus arrest. ( Hoffstein, V; Rajagopalan, N, 1994)
"Ten patients developed apnea or cardiopulmonary arrest during or following endoscopy in more than 10,000 consecutive endoscopies."	7.68	Apnea and cardiopulmonary arrest during and after endoscopy. ( Iber, FL; Kruss, DM; Livak, A, 1992)
"Under cerebral ischemia or aortic stenosis, changes in plasma and adrenal corticosterone (CS) levels before and after cardiac arrest-preceding type (CPT) and apnea-preceding type (APT) sudden death were examined to determine the response of the hypophyseal adrenocortical system in Wistar rats."	7.67	[Experimental studies on stress hormones at the time of sudden death (II)--Differences in adrenocortical hormone levels of cardiac arrest-preceding type and apnea preceding type sudden death under cerebral ischemia or aortic stenosis]. ( Douge, K; Ming-Chang, T; Tsunoda, K; Watanabe, T, 1989)
"Cardiac arrhythmias during wakefulness and sleep in 15 patients with sleep-induced obstructive apnea, and the effect of atropine and tracheostomy on these arrhythmias were studied by continuous overnight Holter electrocardiographic, respiratory and electroencephalographic recordings."	7.65	Sleep-induced apnea syndrome. Prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and their reversal after tracheostomy. ( Dement, WC; Guilleminault, C; Lehrman, KL; Schroeder, JS; Simmons, FB; Tilkian, AG, 1977)
" CR signals were analyzed for CR events, ie, apneas of >/=4-second duration, desaturations to	5.10	Gastroesophageal reflux and apnea of prematurity: no temporal relationship. ( Bohnhorst, B; Peter, CS; Poets, CF; Silny, J; Sprodowski, N, 2002)
" From the review, we have identified four major groups of external circumstances for rather sudden cardiopulmonary arrest from brain damage in children, after excluding congenital and other unrelated diseases; 1) impact brain apnea, 2) anoxic insults, 3) drug or other substance induced central nervous system depression, and 4) traumatic brain damage."	5.05	A review on four different paths to respiratory arrest from brain injury in children; implications for child abuse. ( Kwon, DI; Paek, D, 2020)
"According to current guidelines, apnea testing has to be performed after prerequisites have been met and in a fashion where hypercapnia is achieved in the face of stable oxygenation and hemodynamics."	4.91	Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review. ( Lazaridis, C; Shah, V, 2015)
" Apnea testing was performed for 1 patient due to the decision to withdraw treatment (n = 2), concern for inability to tolerate testing (n = 2) and observation of spontaneous respirations (n = 1)."	3.96	Special considerations in the assessment of catastrophic brain injury and determination of brain death in patients with SARS-CoV-2. ( Agarwal, S; Bondi, S; Carroll, E; Czeisler, B; Frontera, J; Gurin, L; Kvernland, A; Kwon, P; Lewis, A; Snyder, T; Valdes, E, 2020)
" The determination of brain death by clinical criteria requires apnea testing, which has historically been viewed as challenging in patients supported by ECMO."	3.91	Clinical Determination of Brain Death in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. ( Berger, JT; Carpenter, JL; Dean, NP; Harrar, DB; Kukreti, V, 2019)
"All group A animals were resuscitated and survived after 24 min of apnea."	3.88	Intrabronchial Catheter Resuscitation for Respiratory and Cardiorespiratory Arrest. ( Hebert, A; Iacono, AT; Morales, R; Sanchez, P; Shapiro, S; Wijesinha, M; Wolf, JS, 2018)
"We describe two siblings born to consanguineous Arab-Muslim parents who presented in early infancy with myoclonic seizures, hypertonia and contractures, arrested head growth, inability to swallow, and bouts of apnea-bradycardia, culminating in cardiac arrest and death."	3.81	Lethal neonatal rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome--report of another family with a BRAT1 mutation. ( Basel-Vanagaite, L; Behar, DM; Ganelin-Cohen, E; Goldberg-Stern, H; Salmon-Divon, M; Smirin-Yosef, P; Straussberg, R; Tzur, S, 2015)
" The primary endpoint was time to death measured separately as time to asystole and time to apnea."	3.77	Effect of cyclodextrin infusion in a rat model of verapamil toxicity. ( Aks, SE; Bryant, SM; Mottram, AR, 2011)
" Next, during continuous intravenous infusion of equipotent doses of bupivacaine, dextromethorphan, and dextrorphan (n = 8 in each group), we observed the time to seizure, apnea, and complete cardiac arrest."	3.77	Systemic dextromethorphan and dextrorphan are less toxic in rats than bupivacaine at equianesthetic doses. ( Chen, YC; Chen, YW; Hung, CH; Liu, TY; Wang, JJ, 2011)
" We propose that the apnea and coma reported is due to carbon dioxide narcosis."	3.70	Carbon dioxide narcosis-induced apnea in a rat model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. ( Guo, SZ; Iyer, VG; Patenaude, B; Reid, KH, 1998)
"A 6-week-old premature infant who was born at 29 weeks of gestation presented to the emergency department with a several-hour history of stiffness and increased alarms on his apnea monitor at home."	3.70	Morbid hypocalcemia associated with phosphate enema in a six-week-old infant. ( Aly, HZ; Short, BL; Thomas, DC; Walton, DM, 2000)
" We present a case of a 52-year-old man whose only features of astrocytoma consisted of episodes of apnea and sinus arrest followed by prolonged alveolar hypoventilation."	3.69	Astrocytoma presenting with apnea and sinus arrest. ( Hoffstein, V; Rajagopalan, N, 1994)
" In nine sedated, paralyzed animals disconnected from the ventilator, CFI alone did not significantly alter the decrease in PaO2 and the rise in PaCO2 observed during apnea."	3.69	Efficacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation using intratracheal insufflation. ( Adnot, S; Bertrand, C; Boussignac, G; Brochard, L; Harf, A; Isabey, D, 1996)
"We recently showed that the glottis is actively closed throughout post-hyperventilation, hypocapnic central apnea in lambs."	3.69	Prolonged active glottic closure after barbiturate-induced respiratory arrest in lambs. ( Dalle, D; Diaz, V; Kianicka, I; Leroux, JF; Praud, JP, 1996)
"9 kg) with apnea-induced hypoxic and hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest."	3.69	Effects of different techniques of endotracheal epinephrine administration in pediatric porcine hypoxic-hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest. ( Finkelstein, MS; Jasani, MS; Mandell, GA; Nadkarni, VM; Norman, ME; Salzman, SK, 1994)
"Ten patients developed apnea or cardiopulmonary arrest during or following endoscopy in more than 10,000 consecutive endoscopies."	3.68	Apnea and cardiopulmonary arrest during and after endoscopy. ( Iber, FL; Kruss, DM; Livak, A, 1992)
" The emergency department records of 183 patients treated in the cardiopulmonary/trauma resuscitation room of a pediatric emergency department over a 17-month period were reviewed for data on diagnosis, morbidity, presence of apnea or pulselessness, and utilization of several resuscitation skills: intubation, cardioversion, tibial interosseous line placement, and other resuscitation techniques."	3.68	Management of cardiopulmonary and trauma resuscitation in the pediatric emergency department. ( Baker, MD; Schoenfeld, PS, 1993)
"Under cerebral ischemia or aortic stenosis, changes in plasma and adrenal corticosterone (CS) levels before and after cardiac arrest-preceding type (CPT) and apnea-preceding type (APT) sudden death were examined to determine the response of the hypophyseal adrenocortical system in Wistar rats."	3.67	[Experimental studies on stress hormones at the time of sudden death (II)--Differences in adrenocortical hormone levels of cardiac arrest-preceding type and apnea preceding type sudden death under cerebral ischemia or aortic stenosis]. ( Douge, K; Ming-Chang, T; Tsunoda, K; Watanabe, T, 1989)
"Mortality and neurologic morbidity were evaluated in children who were successfully resuscitated after being brought to an emergency room with continued apnea and pulselessness."	3.67	Outcome of children who are apneic and pulseless in the emergency room. ( O'Rourke, PP, 1986)
"Cardiac arrhythmias during wakefulness and sleep in 15 patients with sleep-induced obstructive apnea, and the effect of atropine and tracheostomy on these arrhythmias were studied by continuous overnight Holter electrocardiographic, respiratory and electroencephalographic recordings."	3.65	Sleep-induced apnea syndrome. Prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and their reversal after tracheostomy. ( Dement, WC; Guilleminault, C; Lehrman, KL; Schroeder, JS; Simmons, FB; Tilkian, AG, 1977)
" From the above study and a survey of the literature, the authors formulated the following guidelines of when resuscitation should be discontinued or not attempted: Cases of apnea and pulselessness known to have exceeded 10 minutes, no response after more than 30 minutes of advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), no ventricular EKG activity after more than 10 minutes of ACLS, and preexisting terminal illness."	3.65	Cardiac arrest in the Emergency Medical Service System: guidelines for resuscitation. ( Duralde, T; Eliastam, M; Martinez, F; Schwartz, D, 1977)
"The diagnosis of death by neurologic criteria implies that there is clinical evidence of the complete and irreversible cessation of brainstem and cerebral functions."	2.61	Death by neurologic criteria: pathophysiology, definition, diagnostic criteria and tests. ( Citerio, G; Iaquaniello, C; Robba, C, 2019)
"SUDEP usually occurs when the seizures are not witnessed and often at night."	2.47	Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. ( Shorvon, S; Tomson, T, 2011)
" Severe pathologic conditions, over-dosage, or concomitant exposure to other potent drugs may predispose a patient to these acute adverse effects."	2.35	Acute adverse effects of antibiotics. ( Adams, HR, 1975)
" In our case, the theophylline dosage was approximately half the amount described in previous reports."	1.62	Severe pallid breath-holding spells treated with low-dose theophylline. ( Asakai, H; Oda, Y; Sato, A, 2021)
"The case of cardiopulmonary arrest we report is rare in the literature."	1.31	[Cardiorespiratory arrest: a rare complication of subdural block]. ( Bermejo, S; Escolano, F; Montes, A; Sánchez, JC; Silva Costa-Gomes, T, 2002)
"A total of 112 cardiac arrest cases were studied; 64 before and 48 after the training course."	1.30	Do victims of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest benefit from a training program for emergency medical dispatchers? ( Buylaert, WA; Calle, PA; Lagaert, L; Vanhaute, O, 1997)
"The seven serious events included seizures, angina, hypoglycaemic coma, respiratory arrest and two fatal cardiac arrests."	1.30	In-flight medical emergencies: response of anaesthetists who were passengers on commercial flights. ( Booth, MG; Kinsella, J; Quasim, I, 1999)
"The outcome following a cardiac arrest is affected by the length of time that elapses before cardiopulmonary resuscitation is initiated."	1.29	Response to cardiac arrests in a hospital setting: delays in ventilation. ( Brenner, BE; Kauffmann, J, 1996)
"Postoperative complications were associated with an increased hospital mortality rate (11."	1.29	Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in Veterans Affairs medical centers. ( Bates, E; Jacobs, L; Kazmers, A; Lindenauer, SM; Perkins, A, 1996)
"A boy, injured by lightning, had cardiopulmonary arrest."	1.26	Lightning injury: management of a case with ten-day survival. ( Anzinger, RE; Kravitz, H; Naidu, SH; Valaitis, J; Wasserman, MJ, 1977)
"Other common causes of upper airway obstruction include edema of the oropharynx and larynx, trauma, foreign body, and infection."	1.26	Management of upper airway obstruction. ( Horton, WC; Linscott, MS, 1979)
"The Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the most frequent cause of death in infants aged between one month and one year, yet its cause remains unknown."	1.26	Sudden infant death syndrome: a testable hypothesis and mechanism. ( Cornwell, AC, 1979)

Research

Studies (135)

Authors

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (AUC) of SEDline for Seizure Detection

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	60 (44.44)	18.7374
1990's	33 (24.44)	18.2507
2000's	22 (16.30)	29.6817
2010's	16 (11.85)	24.3611
2020's	4 (2.96)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Miller, A	1
Amouri, H	1
Epstein, D	1
Weissman, A	1
Paek, D	1
Kwon, DI	1
Valdes, E	1
Agarwal, S	1
Carroll, E	1
Kvernland, A	1
Bondi, S	1
Snyder, T	1
Kwon, P	1
Frontera, J	1
Gurin, L	1
Czeisler, B	1
Lewis, A	1
Sato, A	1
Oda, Y	1
Asakai, H	1
Wolf, JS	1
Hebert, A	1
Sanchez, P	1
Wijesinha, M	1
Shapiro, S	1
Morales, R	1
Iacono, AT	1
Ogunlesi, TA	1
Lesi, FE	1
Oduwole, O	1
Robba, C	1
Iaquaniello, C	1
Citerio, G	1
Harrar, DB	1
Kukreti, V	1
Dean, NP	1
Berger, JT	1
Carpenter, JL	1
Al-Amran, FG	1
Shahkolahi, MM	1
Hoskote, SS	1
Fugate, JE	1
Wijdicks, EF	1
Straussberg, R	1
Ganelin-Cohen, E	1
Goldberg-Stern, H	1
Tzur, S	1
Behar, DM	1
Smirin-Yosef, P	1
Salmon-Divon, M	1
Basel-Vanagaite, L	1
Mtaweh, H	1
Kochanek, PM	1
Carcillo, JA	1
Bell, MJ	1
Fink, EL	1
Shah, V	1
Lazaridis, C	1
Legre, M	1
Zoghlami, A	1
Lory, C	1
Laccourreye, O	1
Wilson, MH	1
Hinds, J	1
Grier, G	1
Burns, B	1
Carley, S	1
Davies, G	1
Couzin, J	1
Mottram, AR	1
Bryant, SM	1
Aks, SE	1
Chen, YW	1
Wang, JJ	1
Liu, TY	1
Chen, YC	1
Hung, CH	1
Shorvon, S	1
Tomson, T	1
Shewmon, DA	1
Sakaue, S	1
Chiyonobu, T	1
Moroto, M	1
Morita, T	1
Yoshida, M	1
Morioka, S	1
Tokuda, S	1
Nishimura, A	1
Morimoto, M	1
Hosoi, H	1
MOERL, H	1
MARINI, F	1
DESENZANI, C	1
TONIOLO, LB	1
CROPPER, CF	1
HUGHES, M	1
BRUMLIK, J	1
MIER, M	1
PETROVICK, M	1
JENSEN, HP	1
LUTZ, J	1
JACOB, R	1
LAMPE, WT	1
HOCKADAY, JM	1
POTTS, F	1
EPSTEIN, E	1
BONAZZI, A	1
SCHWAB, RS	1
Buck-Barrett, I	1
Squire, I	1
Chamberlain, D	1
Handley, AJ	1
von Goedecke, A	1
Keller, C	1
Wagner-Berger, HG	1
Voelckel, WG	1
Hörmann, C	1
Zecha-Stallinger, A	1
Wenzel, V	1
Somerville, NS	1
Mearns, C	1
Chin, C	1
Blaney, S	1
Anderson, D	1
Fontela, PS	1
Piva, JP	1
Garcia, PC	1
Bered, PL	1
Zilles, K	1
Verrotti, A	1
Salladini, C	1
Trotta, D	1
di Corcia, G	1
Chiarelli, F	1
Kunin, J	1
Sharma, D	1
Jain, V	1
Rath, GP	1
Durani, Y	1
Lo, CJ	1
Chang, WL	1
Sikkel, MB	1
Batrick, N	1
Wiese, CH	1
Stojanovic, T	1
Klockgether-Radke, A	1
Bartels, U	1
Schmitto, JD	1
Quintel, M	1
Graf, BM	1
Cave, G	1
Harvey, M	1
Rosenberg, N	1
Pallis, C	1
Goracci, G	1
Sampietro, G	1
Weeks, AM	1
Patrick, WD	1
Freedman, J	1
McEwen, T	1
Light, RB	1
Ludwig, L	1
Roberts, D	1
Lee, A	1
Bishop, G	1
Hillman, KM	1
Daffurn, K	1
Rajagopalan, N	1
Hoffstein, V	1
Jasani, MS	1
Nadkarni, VM	1
Finkelstein, MS	1
Mandell, GA	1
Salzman, SK	1
Norman, ME	1
Ottervanger, JP	1
Haan, D	1
Gans, SJ	1
Hoorntje, JC	1
Stricker, BH	1
Jones, VF	1
Badgett, JT	1
Minella, JL	1
Schuschke, LA	1
Schoenfeld, PS	1
Baker, MD	1
Byard, RW	1
Burnell, RH	1
Kazmers, A	1
Jacobs, L	1
Perkins, A	1
Lindenauer, SM	1
Bates, E	1
Brenner, BE	2
Kauffmann, J	1
Praud, JP	1
Kianicka, I	1
Diaz, V	1
Leroux, JF	1
Dalle, D	1
Brochard, L	1
Boussignac, G	1
Adnot, S	1
Bertrand, C	1
Isabey, D	1
Harf, A	1
Hannon, DW	1
Ohbu, S	1
Yamashina, A	1
Takasu, N	1
Yamaguchi, T	1
Murai, T	1
Nakano, K	1
Matsui, Y	1
Mikami, R	1
Sakurai, K	1
Hinohara, S	1
Baggot, MG	2
Ostermeier, AM	1
Roizen, MF	1
Hautkappe, M	1
Klock, PA	1
Klafta, JM	1
Szpilman, D	1
Frei, FJ	1
Erb, T	1
Kern, C	1
Christen, P	1
Dracup, K	1
Moser, DK	1
Doering, LV	1
Guzy, PM	1
Reid, KH	1
Patenaude, B	1
Guo, SZ	1
Iyer, VG	1
Van, DC	1
Cheng, D	1
Lazar, EJ	1
Calle, PA	1
Lagaert, L	1
Vanhaute, O	1
Buylaert, WA	1
Wang, RY	1
Cummins, RO	1
Hazinski, MF	1
Booth, MG	1
Quasim, I	1
Kinsella, J	1
Zuckerman, GB	1
Conway, EE	1
Scott, CA	1
Fish, DR	1
Walton, DM	1
Thomas, DC	1
Aly, HZ	1
Short, BL	1
Sistac Ballarín, JM	1
Gómez Agraz, JL	1
Sanz Martín, PJ	1
Martínez Salavera, T	1
Peter, CS	1
Sprodowski, N	1
Bohnhorst, B	1
Silny, J	1
Poets, CF	1
Fulton, DR	1
Malamed, SF	1
Silva Costa-Gomes, T	1
Montes, A	1
Sánchez, JC	1
Bermejo, S	1
Escolano, F	1
Brierley, JB	1
Brown, AW	1
Calverley, J	1
Adams, HR	1
Huijgens, PC	1
Boeijinga, JK	1
van der Meer, J	1
Hayler, AM	1
Holt, DW	1
Volans, GN	1
Daly, MD	1
Angell-James, JE	1
Elsner, R	1
Guilleminault, C	2
Freeman, NS	1
King, RA	1
Plezia, RA	1
Shearer, HT	1
Kravitz, H	1
Wasserman, MJ	1
Valaitis, J	1
Anzinger, RE	1
Naidu, SH	1
Tilkian, AG	1
Schroeder, JS	1
Lehrman, KL	1
Simmons, FB	1
Dement, WC	1
Deedwania, PC	1
Swiryn, S	1
Dhingra, RC	1
Rosen, KM	1
Linscott, MS	1
Horton, WC	1
Janssens, L	1
Altman, S	1
Rogers, PA	1
Cornwell, AC	1
Cane, RD	1
Buchanan, N	1
Eliastam, M	1
Duralde, T	1
Martinez, F	1
Schwartz, D	1
Dinakara, P	1
Ubolwatra, S	1
Busapathumrong, P	1
Wongsathuaythong, S	1
Altschuler, SL	1
Humphreys, RP	1
Creighton, RE	1
Hendrick, EB	1
Hoffman, HJ	1
Darenskiĭ, DI	1
Zander, R	1
Mertzlufft, F	1
Orser, B	1
MacDonald, J	1
Doblar, DD	1
Boyd, GL	1
Iber, FL	1
Livak, A	1
Kruss, DM	1
Friedman, LJ	1
Tabb, SE	1
Worthington, JJ	1
Sanchez, CJ	1
Sved, M	1
Zółciński, L	1
Scheller-Suchańska, E	1
Izydorczyk, G	1
Tsunoda, K	2
Douge, K	1
Ming-Chang, T	1
Watanabe, T	2
Thomas, AN	1
Pollard, BJ	1
Dohge, K	1
Kashima, E	1
Koyama, M	1
O'Rourke, PP	1
Stone, B	1
Barkin, JS	1
Panullo, W	1
Rogers, AI	1
Mignen, J	1
Kolkmann, FW	1
Thomas, CG	1
Carter, JM	1
Müller, HA	1
Jeschke, R	1
Bhatt, DR	1
Hattwick, MA	1
Gerdsen, R	1
Emmons, RW	1
Johnson, HN	1
Prichard, JS	1
Gsell, S	1
Ossenkopp, G	1
Weigeldt, HD	1
Hanson, GC	1
McIlwraith, GR	1
Daily, WJ	1
Meyer, HB	1
Sunshine, P	1
Smith, PC	1
Kellerhals, B	1
Malik, MO	1
Heinrich, K	1
McVeigh, JB	1
Petty, TL	1
Harris, TM	1
Whitehouse, AC	1
Jenkins, AM	1
McQuillan, WM	1
McNair, TJ	1
L'Allemand, H	1
Feige, S	1
Frowein, RA	1
Gütgemann, A	1
Loew, F	1
Roxin, C	1
Schneider, M	1
Wawersik, J	1
Thielicke, H	1
Swanson, LW	1
Howat, DD	1
Simpson, K	1
Morgan, HG	1
Fancher, DC	1
Krueger, B	1
Emanuel, DA	1
Grossman, JI	1
Rubin, IL	1
Nyzio, W	1
Kurtz, D	1
Mantz, JM	1
Tempe, JD	1
Feuerstein, J	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Trial of Device for Seizure Detection Using SEDline During Therapeutic Hypothermia in Cardiac Arrest Victims[NCT01946802]		39 participants (Actual)	Observational	2014-12-31	Completed
Postoperative Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With CPAP vs. an Autoadjusting CPAP Device: a Randomized Controlled Single Center Trial[NCT00588848]		11 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-01-31	Terminated (stopped due to Difficulty with enrollment)
The Effect of Acute Intravenous Morphine Administration on Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) in Patients With Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA): A Paired Design Trial[NCT03127800]	Phase 3	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-20	Terminated (stopped due to Difficulties with recruitment)
Continuous Versus Intermittent Bolus Feeding in Very Preterm Infants - Effects on Respiratory Morbidity: A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial[NCT03961139]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-12-03	Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

The Area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of SEDline represents the accuracy of the SEDline to detect seizures compared with the conventional EEG. (NCT01946802)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after cardiac arrest

Negative Predictive Value

Intervention	probability (Number)
Frontal 4 Channel EEG	1.00

Negative predictive value measured the percentage of seizure-negative identified by the conventional EEG in cases those were identified as seizure-negative by the SEDline. (NCT01946802)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after cardiac arrest

Percentage of Seizure-positive and Seizure-negative That Were Correctly Classified by the SEDline in All Evaluated Cases

Intervention	percentage of seizure (-) (Number)
Frontal 4 Channel EEG	100

Conventional EEG (gold standard for seizure detection) and SEDline monitoring will be conducted simultaneously for 30 minutes at During therapeutic hypothermia and rewarming (12 ~ 72 hours after cardiac arrest). Then, data retrieved from the conventional EEG and SEDline will be interpreted and analyzed for the presence of seizure. (NCT01946802)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after cardiac arrest

Positive Predictive Value

Intervention	percentage of seizures (Number)
Frontal 4 Channel EEG	100

Positive predictive value measured the percentage of seizures identified by the conventional EEG in cases those were identified as seizures by the SEDline. (NCT01946802)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after cardiac arrest

Sensitivity of SEDline for Seizure Detection

Intervention	percentage of seizure (+) (Number)
Frontal 4 Channel EEG	100

Sensitivity measured the percentage of seizures identified by the SEDline in cases those were identified as seizures by the conventional EEG. (NCT01946802)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after cardiac arrest

Specificity

Intervention	percentage of seizure (+) (Number)
Frontal 4 Channel EEG	100

Specificity measured the percentage of seizure-negative identified by the SEDline in cases those were identified as seizure-negative by the conventional EEG. (NCT01946802)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after cardiac arrest

Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)

Intervention	percentage of seizure (-) (Number)
Frontal 4 Channel EEG	100

Events are defined as apneas and hypopneas. AHI values are typically categorized as 5-14.9 events/hr = mild; 15-29.9 events/hr = moderate; and >= 30 events/hr = severe (NCT00588848)
Timeframe: On postoperative night number 1 from 2200 to 0600. Study participation will end within 72 hours of admission.

Cardiopulmonary Complications

Intervention	events per hour (Mean)
AUTOCPAP	2.1
CPAP	1.2

Predefined cardiopulmonary complications: Myocardial Infarction, Arrhythmia, new onset Heart Failure, Stroke (NCT00588848)
Timeframe: 72 hours

Sleep Related Hypoxemia

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Autoadjusting CPAP (VPAP Auto)	0
CPAP Arm (Usual Care)	0

(NCT00588848)
Timeframe: On postoperative night number 1 from 2200 to 0600. Study participation will end within 72 hours of admission.

Article	Year
A review on four different paths to respiratory arrest from brain injury in children; implications for child abuse. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 2020, Volume: 71 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Brain Injuries; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Brain Stem; Central Nervous System Depres	2020
Prophylactic intravenous calcium therapy for exchange blood transfusion in the newborn. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2017, 10-12, Volume: 10 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Apnea; Calcium; Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood; Heart Arrest; Humans	2017
Death by neurologic criteria: pathophysiology, definition, diagnostic criteria and tests. Minerva anestesiologica, 2019, Volume: 85, Issue:7 Topics: Apnea; Brain; Brain Death; Brain Injuries; Brain Stem; Coma; Death; Diabetes Insipidus; Diagnosis, D	2019
Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review. Journal of critical care, 2015, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Brain Death; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation;	2015
Impact brain apnoea - A forgotten cause of cardiovascular collapse in trauma. Resuscitation, 2016, Volume: 105 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Heart Arrest; Humans; Magn	2016
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Lancet (London, England), 2011, Dec-10, Volume: 378, Issue:9808 Topics: Age Distribution; Anticonvulsants; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; Causalit	2011
Pediatric cardiac arrest. Emergency medicine clinics of North America, 1983, Volume: 1, Issue:3 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Apnea; Child; Child Abuse; Child, Preschool; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant; Infan	1983
Three sudden postoperative respiratory arrests associated with epidural opioids in patients with sleep apnea. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1997, Volume: 85, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Bupivacaine; Female; Fe	1997
Three sudden postoperative respiratory arrests associated with epidural opioids in patients with sleep apnea. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1997, Volume: 85, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Bupivacaine; Female; Fe	1997
Three sudden postoperative respiratory arrests associated with epidural opioids in patients with sleep apnea. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1997, Volume: 85, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Bupivacaine; Female; Fe	1997
Three sudden postoperative respiratory arrests associated with epidural opioids in patients with sleep apnea. Anesthesia and analgesia, 1997, Volume: 85, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics, Opioid; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Bupivacaine; Female; Fe	1997
Drowning and near drowning: a pediatric epidemic. Pediatric annals, 2000, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Apnea; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease Outbreaks; Drowning; Heart Arrest;	2000
Early recognition of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy. Critical care nursing quarterly, 2000, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Fatal Outcome; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Male	2000
Acute adverse effects of antibiotics. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1975, May-15, Volume: 166, Issue:10 Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Apnea; Barbiturates; Cats; Chloramphenicol; Dihydrost	1975
Convulsive disorders in children: some notes on the diagnosis and treatment. Pediatric clinics of North America, 1974, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Child; Child, Preschool; Epilepsy; Fever; Heart Arrest; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Seizures;	1974

Article	Year
Developing a strategy to improve ventilation in an unprotected airway with a modified mouth-to-bag resuscitator in apneic patients. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2004, Volume: 99, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Air Pressure; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Endpoint Determination; Female; Heart Arr	2004
A randomized, double-blind comparison of methoxamine and epinephrine in human cardiopulmonary arrest. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1995, Volume: 152, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Double-Blind Method; Epinephrine; Female; Glasgow	1995
Comparison of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training methods for parents of infants at high risk for cardiopulmonary arrest. Annals of emergency medicine, 1998, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Apnea; Attitude to Health; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Educational S	1998
Gastroesophageal reflux and apnea of prematurity: no temporal relationship. Pediatrics, 2002, Volume: 109, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Comorbidity; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Gestational Age; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant;	2002

Article	Year
Cardiac Ventilation During Apnea Test. Transplantation, 2020, Volume: 104, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Apnea; Fatal Outcome; Heart; Heart Arrest; Humans; Intubation, Int	2020
Special considerations in the assessment of catastrophic brain injury and determination of brain death in patients with SARS-CoV-2. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2020, 10-15, Volume: 417 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Betacoronavirus; Brain Death; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Contraindications, P	2020
Severe pallid breath-holding spells treated with low-dose theophylline. Brain & development, 2021, Volume: 43, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Breath Holding; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant; Male; Seizure	2021
Intrabronchial Catheter Resuscitation for Respiratory and Cardiorespiratory Arrest. Shock (Augusta, Ga.), 2018, Volume: 50, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Heart Arrest; Oxygen; Respiration	2018
Clinical Determination of Brain Death in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Neurocritical care, 2019, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Apnea; Brain Death; Brain Edema; Burns; Cerebral Infarction; Chil	2019
Total arterial anastomosis heterotopic heart transplantation model. Transplantation proceedings, 2013, Volume: 45, Issue:2 Topics: Anastomosis, Surgical; Animals; Aorta; Apnea; Carotid Artery, Common; Heart Arrest; Heart Transplant	2013
Performance of an apnea test for brain death determination in a patient receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia, 2014, Volume: 28, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Brain Death; Coronary Thrombosis; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Heart Arrest; Humans;	2014
Lethal neonatal rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome--report of another family with a BRAT1 mutation. European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society, 2015, Volume: 19, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Arabs; Bradycardia; Consanguinity; Deglutition; Family; Fatal Outcome; Heart Arrest; Humans;	2015
Patterns of multiorgan dysfunction after pediatric drowning. Resuscitation, 2015, Volume: 90 Topics: Adolescent; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child; Child, Preschool; Drowning; Female; Glasgow	2015
Apnoea and delayed cardiorespiratory arrest after endoscopy for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. European annals of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck diseases, 2016, Volume: 133, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Endoscopy; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oropharyngeal N	2016
Epilepsy. When death strikes without warning. Science (New York, N.Y.), 2008, Jul-04, Volume: 321, Issue:5885 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Apnea; Brain; Death, Sudden; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, T	2008
Effect of cyclodextrin infusion in a rat model of verapamil toxicity. American journal of therapeutics, 2011, Volume: 18, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Apnea; beta-Cyclodextrins; Disease Models, Animal; Heart Arrest; Male; Osmolar Concentratio	2011
Systemic dextromethorphan and dextrorphan are less toxic in rats than bupivacaine at equianesthetic doses. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Apnea; Bupivacaine; Dextromethorphan; Dextrorphan; Dose-Response Relati	2011
Brain death or brain dying? Journal of child neurology, 2012, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Brain Death; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Respiratory Cente	2012
[A case with recurrent asystole due to breath-holding spells: successful treatment with levetiracetam]. No to hattatsu = Brain and development, 2012, Volume: 44, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Autonomic Nervous System; Breath Holding; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant; Levetiracetam	2012
[FATAL ANESTHETIC ACCIDENT AS A RESULT OF HYPERTROPHIED LINGUAL TONSILS]. Zentralblatt fur allgemeine Pathologie u. pathologische Anatomie, 1963, Nov-30, Volume: 105 Topics: Accidents; Anesthetics; Apnea; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hyperplasia; Hypertrophy; Laryngismus; Lymph No	1963
[TRACHEOTOMY IN PATIENTS INJURED IN TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS]. Chirurgia italiana, 1963, Volume: 15 Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Apnea; Heart Arrest; Hemorrhage; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Pneumothorax; Po	1963
CARDIAC ARREST (WITH APNOEA) AFTER E.C.T. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1964, Volume: 110 Topics: Apnea; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Heart Arrest; Humans; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Succinylcholine;	1964
[EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON A FORM OF RESTING TREMOR IN THE EXTREMITIES OF HEALTHY DOGS]. Pflugers Archiv fur die gesamte Physiologie des Menschen und der Tiere, 1964, Jan-30, Volume: 278 Topics: Apnea; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Extremities; Heart Arres	1964
[THE DIASTOLIC PRESSURE-CIRCUMFERENCE DIAGRAM OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE UNDER DIFFERENT CIRCULATORY CONDITIONS]. Pflugers Archiv fur die gesamte Physiologie des Menschen und der Tiere, 1964, Jan-30, Volume: 278 Topics: Apnea; Blood Pressure; Dogs; Epinephrine; Heart Arrest; Heart Function Tests; Heart Ventricles; Rese	1964
CONRAY-400: A SEVERE REACTION. Vascular diseases, 1964, Volume: 1 Topics: Aorta; Aorta, Thoracic; Apnea; Carotid Artery Thrombosis; Contrast Media; Heart Arrest; Injections;	1964
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN ACUTE CEREBRAL ANOXIA FROM CARDIAC OR RESPIRATORY ARREST. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology, 1965, Volume: 18 Topics: Apnea; Decerebrate State; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypoxia, B	1965
The use of basic life support skills by hospital staff; what skills should be taught? Resuscitation, 2004, Volume: 60, Issue:1 Topics: Administrative Personnel; Allied Health Personnel; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; England; He	2004
Research on procedures in cardiopulmonary resuscitation that lie outside current guidelines. Resuscitation, 2004, Volume: 60, Issue:1 Topics: Advanced Cardiac Life Support; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; European Union; Heart Arrest; H	2004
Anesthetic management of the complications of previously undiagnosed ingested foreign body in a pediatric patient. Paediatric anaesthesia, 2004, Volume: 14, Issue:12 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Atracur	2004
Risk factors for extubation failure in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients. Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies, 2005, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Brazil; Child, Preschool; Developing Countries; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Arrest; Huma	2005
Ictal cardiorespiratory arrest in Panayiotopoulos syndrome. Neurology, 2005, May-24, Volume: 64, Issue:10 Topics: Apnea; Autonomic Nervous System; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; C	2005
Brain death: revisiting the rabbinic opinions in light of current medical knowledge. Tradition (Rabbinical Council of America), 2004,Winter, Volume: 38, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Brain; Brain Death; Death; Decapitation; Heart Arrest; Humans; Judaism; Tissue and Organ Harv	2004
Asystole during percutaneous ethanol injection of symptomatic vertebral haemangioma. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 2006, Volume: 34, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Atropine; Central Nervous System Depressants; Central Nervous System Vascular Malforma	2006
Pediatric emergency medicine: legal briefs. Pediatric emergency care, 2006, Volume: 22, Issue:11 Topics: Adenosine; Adolescent; Adult; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Apnea; Appendicitis; Appendix; Brain Damag	2006
Management of pulseless and apneic trauma patients: are aggressive measures justified? The American surgeon, 2007, Volume: 73, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Foll	2007
Episodic asystole and apnoea as the presenting features of a diffuse glioma. Resuscitation, 2007, Volume: 73, Issue:2 Topics: Apnea; Brain Neoplasms; Emergency Service, Hospital; Glioma; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Middle Aged	2007
[Another case of "Lazarus phenomenon" during surgery? Spontaneous return of circulation in a patient with a pacemaker]. Der Anaesthesist, 2007, Volume: 56, Issue:12 Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Apnea; Fatal Outcome; Heart Arrest; Humans; Intraoperative Complications; Intraop	2007
Intralipid infusion in rabbit asphyxial pulseless electrical activity: a pilot study. European journal of anaesthesiology, 2008, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Electrocardiography; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; Heart Arrest; Infus	2008
ABC of brain stem death. Diagnosis of brain stem death--II. British medical journal (Clinical research ed.), 1982, Dec-04, Volume: 285, Issue:6355 Topics: Apnea; Brain Death; Brain Stem; Heart Arrest; Humans; Physical Examination; Reflex	1982
[The problem of resuscitation in the dental office]. Dental Cadmos, 1982, Volume: 50, Issue:8 Topics: Apnea; Dental Care; Emergencies; Heart Arrest; Humans; Resuscitation	1982
Clinical indicators: uses and misuses. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1995, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Anesthesia Department, Hospital; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Apnea; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypothermi	1995
The Medical Emergency Team. Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1995, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: APACHE; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Critical Care; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; He	1995
Astrocytoma presenting with apnea and sinus arrest. Chest, 1994, Volume: 106, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Astrocytoma; Brain Neoplasms; Heart Arrest; Humans; Limbic System; Male; Middle Aged; Seizure	1994
Effects of different techniques of endotracheal epinephrine administration in pediatric porcine hypoxic-hypercarbic cardiopulmonary arrest. Critical care medicine, 1994, Volume: 22, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Epinephrine; Heart Arrest; Hypercapnia; Hypoxia; Insti	1994
[Bronchospasm, apnea and heart arrest following dipyridamole perfusion scintigraphy]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 1993, Jan-16, Volume: 137, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Bronchial Spasm; Dipyridamole; Heart Arrest; Humans; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Male	1993
The role of the male caretaker in Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Clinical pediatrics, 1993, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Cyanosis; Fathers; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant; Male; Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy	1993
Management of cardiopulmonary and trauma resuscitation in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatrics, 1993, Volume: 91, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child; Critical Care; Emergency Medicine; Emergency Service, H	1993
Apparent life threatening events and infant holding practices. Archives of disease in childhood, 1995, Volume: 73, Issue:6 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Apnea; Breast Feeding; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant; Infant Care; Male;	1995
Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in Veterans Affairs medical centers. Journal of vascular surgery, 1996, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Aortic Rupture; Apnea; Diagnosis-Related Groups; Diss	1996
Response to cardiac arrests in a hospital setting: delays in ventilation. Resuscitation, 1996, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Apnea; California; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Emergency Service, Hospital; Equipment and	1996
Guidelines for the basic management of the airway and ventilation during resuscitation. A statement by the Airway and Ventilation Management Working Group of the European Resuscitation Council. Resuscitation, 1996, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child; Europe; First Aid; Heart Arr	1996
Prolonged active glottic closure after barbiturate-induced respiratory arrest in lambs. Respiration physiology, 1996, Volume: 104, Issue:2-3 Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Electrodes, Implanted; Electromyography;	1996
Efficacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation using intratracheal insufflation. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1996, Volume: 154, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Heart Arrest; Hemodynamics; Insuf	1996
Breath-holding spells: waiting to inhale, waiting for systole, or waiting for iron therapy? The Journal of pediatrics, 1997, Volume: 130, Issue:4 Topics: Anemia; Apnea; Heart Arrest; Heart Rate; Humans; Infant; Iron	1997
Sarin poisoning on Tokyo subway. Southern medical journal, 1997, Volume: 90, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Apnea; Cause of Death; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Cholin	1997
General anesthesia, respiratory and cardiac standstill triggered by the extra-integumentary mechanical stimulation of foreign bodies in the airways. Medical hypotheses, 1997, Volume: 49, Issue:1 Topics: Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Coma; Female; Foreign Bodies; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Models, Biolog	1997
Near-drowning and drowning classification: a proposal to stratify mortality based on the analysis of 1,831 cases. Chest, 1997, Volume: 112, Issue:3 Topics: Accidents; Adult; Apnea; Auscultation; Blood Pressure; Brazil; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child;	1997
Respiratory and circulatory arrest in paediatric patients. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1997, Volume: 111 Topics: Apnea; Bradycardia; Cardiac Output, Low; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child; Heart Arrest; Humans;	1997
Carbon dioxide narcosis-induced apnea in a rat model of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. Resuscitation, 1998, Volume: 38, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Coma; Disease Models, Animal; Evoked	1998
Determinants of reluctance to perform CPR among residents and applicants: the impact of experience on helping behavior. Resuscitation, 1997, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Accidents, Traffic; Adult; Age Factors; Apnea; Attitude of Health Personnel; Cardiopulmonary Resusci	1997
Do victims of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest benefit from a training program for emergency medical dispatchers? Resuscitation, 1997, Volume: 35, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Belgium; Chi-Square Distribution; Communication; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Medica	1997
pH-dependent cocaine-induced cardiotoxicity. The American journal of emergency medicine, 1999, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Adult; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Alkalies; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cocaine;	1999
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques and instruction: when does evidence justify revision? Annals of emergency medicine, 1999, Volume: 34, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Clinical Competence; Diagnosis, Differential; Emergency Medici	1999
In-flight medical emergencies: response of anaesthetists who were passengers on commercial flights. European journal of anaesthesiology, 1999, Volume: 16, Issue:12 Topics: Abdominal Pain; Aerospace Medicine; Anesthesiology; Angina Pectoris; Apnea; Consultants; Diabetic Co	1999
Cardiac asystole in partial seizures. Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2000, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Partial; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Severity of I	2000
Morbid hypocalcemia associated with phosphate enema in a six-week-old infant. Pediatrics, 2000, Volume: 106, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Bradycardia; Cathartics; Enema; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypocalcemia; Infant, Newborn; Male; Ph	2000
[Amniotic fluid embolism during the birth process. Apropos of an atypical presentation]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2000, Volume: 47, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Asphyxia Neonatorum; Cesarean Section; Diagnosis, Differential; Embolism, Amniotic Flu	2000
Case study: a tragically botched emergency. The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association, 2002, Volume: 84, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Dental Anxiety; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Seizures; S	2002
[Cardiorespiratory arrest: a rare complication of subdural block]. Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion, 2002, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Bradycardia;	2002
Cyanide intoxication in the rat: physiological and neuropathological aspects. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1976, Volume: 39, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Brain; Carbon Dioxide; Corpus Callosum; Cyanides; Electroencephalogr	1976
[Possibly cardiotoxic action of miconazol injection fluid]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 1975, Oct-04, Volume: 119, Issue:40 Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Apnea; Cardiac Complexes, Premature; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	1975
Fatal overdosage with disopyramide. Lancet (London, England), 1978, May-06, Volume: 1, Issue:8071 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Apnea; Disopyramide; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Pulmonary Edema; Pyridin	1978
Role of carotid-body chemoreceptors and their reflex interactions in bradycardia and cardiac arrest. Lancet (London, England), 1979, Apr-07, Volume: 1, Issue:8119 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Arteries; Asphyxia; Bradycardia; Carotid Body; Chemoreceptor Cells; Death, Sudden; F	1979
Advances in the pathology of sleep. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology. Supplement, 1978, Issue:34 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypercapnia;	1978
Office emergencies: causes, symptoms, and treatment. Oral health, 1977, Volume: 67, Issue:10 Topics: Adrenocortical Hyperfunction; Airway Obstruction; Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium; Angina Pectoris; Apne	1977
Lightning injury: management of a case with ten-day survival. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1977, Volume: 131, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Brain Edema; Electric Injuries; Epilepsy; Gastrointestinal	1977
Sleep-induced apnea syndrome. Prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias and their reversal after tracheostomy. The American journal of medicine, 1977, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Arrhythmia, Sinus; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atropine; Bradycardia; Bundle of His; Electrocardiog	1977
Nocturnal atrioventricular block as a manifestation of sleep apnea syndrome. Chest, 1979, Volume: 76, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Arrhythmia, Sinus; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Flutter; Electrocardiography; Heart Arrest; H	1979
Management of upper airway obstruction. Otolaryngologic clinics of North America, 1979, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Airway Obstruction; Apnea; Bronchoscopy; Coma; Cricoid Cartilage; Edema; Emergencies; Foreign Bodies	1979
Respiratory and cardiac arrest under general anaesthesia: treatment by acupuncture of the nasal philtrum. The Veterinary record, 1979, Sep-22, Volume: 105, Issue:12 Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Anesthesia, General; Animals; Apnea; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; He	1979
Sudden infant death syndrome: a testable hypothesis and mechanism. The International journal of neuroscience, 1979, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Acidosis; Apnea; Body Temperature Regulation; Cold Temperature; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypoglycemia;	1979
Length of survival after cardiac resuscitation in an intensive care unit. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 1978, Apr-15, Volume: 53, Issue:15 Topics: Acid-Base Imbalance; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Apnea; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Heart A	1978
Cardiac arrest in the Emergency Medical Service System: guidelines for resuscitation. JACEP, 1977, Volume: 6, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Decision Making; Electrocardiography; Emergencies; Emergency Medicine; Heart Arrest; H	1977
Mortality in status asthmaticus: a report of cases of bronchial asthma with apnea and/or cardiac arrest. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 1976, Volume: 59, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Aged; Apnea; Asthma; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Middle Aged	1976
Advantages of the prone position for neurosurgical procedures on the upper cervical spine and posterior cranial fossa in children. Child's brain, 1975, Volume: 1, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Blood Pressure; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Cerebrovascular Circulation	1975
[Complications of peridural anesthesia]. Vestnik khirurgii imeni I. I. Grekova, 1975, Volume: 114, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Anesthesia, Epidural; Apnea; Heart Arrest; Hemiplegia; Humans; Middle Aged; Paraplegia; Sensat	1975
Clinical use of oxygen stores: pre-oxygenation and apneic oxygenation. Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1992, Volume: 317 Topics: Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Heart Arrest; Humans; Oxygen; Oxygen Consumption; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy;	1992
Propranolol protection from bupivacaine toxicity. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1992, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Apnea; Bupivacaine; Calcium Channels; Heart Arrest; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains	1992
Air embolism during attempted central line placement. Chest, 1992, Volume: 102, Issue:6 Topics: Apnea; Catheterization, Central Venous; Embolism, Air; Heart Arrest; Humans; Resuscitation	1992
Apnea and cardiopulmonary arrest during and after endoscopy. Journal of clinical gastroenterology, 1992, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Butorphanol; Databases, Factual; Diazepam; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Heart Arrest; H	1992
Insomnia-coma and auto-electrocution complicating general anesthesia. Incidental factors which also cause cerebral, respiratory and cardiac arrest. Medical hypotheses, 1992, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Child; Coma; Death, Sudden; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; M	1992
Clozapine--a novel antipsychotic agent. The New England journal of medicine, 1991, Aug-15, Volume: 325, Issue:7 Topics: Apnea; Benzodiazepines; Clozapine; Drug Synergism; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Middle Aged	1991
[Rare complications during the treatment of retropharyngeal abscess]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960), 1989, Apr-30, Volume: 42, Issue:8 Topics: Abscess; Apnea; Child, Preschool; Heart Arrest; Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Nasopharyngeal Diseases; N	1989
[Experimental studies on stress hormones at the time of sudden death (II)--Differences in adrenocortical hormone levels of cardiac arrest-preceding type and apnea preceding type sudden death under cerebral ischemia or aortic stenosis]. Nihon hoigaku zasshi = The Japanese journal of legal medicine, 1989, Volume: 43, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Apnea; Brain Ischemia; Corticosterone; Death, Sudden	1989
Renal transplantation and diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1989, Volume: 36, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Apnea; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Bradycardia; Cardiomyopath	1989
[Experimental studies on stress hormones at the time of sudden death (I)--Difference in adrenocortical hormone level between cardiac arrest-preceding type and apnea-preceding type sudden death]. Nihon hoigaku zasshi = The Japanese journal of legal medicine, 1988, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Apnea; Corticosterone; Death, Sudden; Heart Arrest; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbre	1988
Outcome of children who are apneic and pulseless in the emergency room. Critical care medicine, 1986, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Boston; Child, Preschool; Drowning; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Heart Arrest; Hospit	1986
Hypercalcemia: a risk factor to patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. The American journal of gastroenterology, 1986, Volume: 81, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diazepam; Drug Synergism; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagoscopy	1986
[Complications of relaxants]. Cahiers d'anesthesiologie, 1971, Volume: 19, Issue:7 Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Apnea; Contracture; Heart Arrest; Histamine Release; Humans; Neuromuscular De	1971
When do we let the patient die? Annals of internal medicine, 1968, Volume: 68, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Death; Ethics, Medical; Heart Arrest; Palliative Care; Philosophy, Medical; Terminal Care; Ti	1968
[Cerebral changes following cardiac and respiratory arrest due to anesthetic incidents]. Verhandlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Pathologie, 1967, Volume: 51 Topics: Anesthesia; Apnea; Brain; Brain Damage, Chronic; Child; Female; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain	1967
Small intestinal atresia: the critical role of a functioning anastomosis. Annals of surgery, 1974, Volume: 179, Issue:5 Topics: Apnea; Catheterization; Duodenal Diseases; Heart Arrest; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intestinal Atresia	1974
[Cytoplasmic vacuoles in human anterior horn cells in tetanus]. Virchows Archiv. A, Pathology. Pathologische Anatomie, 1971, Volume: 353, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Apnea; Child; Cytoplasm; Cytoplasmic Granules; Female; Ganglia, Spinal; Hea	1971
Human rabies. Diagnosis, complications, and management. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1974, Volume: 127, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Apnea; Autopsy; Blood; Brain; Carbon Dioxide; Child; Chlorpromazine; Dia	1974
[Apnea and heart arrest following distraneurin therapy. Clinical, neurophysiological and neuropathological aspects]. Der Nervenarzt, 1972, Volume: 43, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Basal Ganglia; Cerebral Cortex; Chlormethiazole; Drug Synergism; Electroencephalograph	1972
Primary pulmonary hypertension: a fatality during pulmonary angiography. Clinical conference from Boston University School of Medicine. Chest, 1973, Volume: 64, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Angiography; Apnea; Autopsy; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Catheterization; Contrast Media; Diagnos	1973
Lightning injury: two case histories and a review of management. British medical journal, 1973, Nov-03, Volume: 4, Issue:5887 Topics: Adolescent; Apnea; Brain Edema; Child; Electric Injuries; Heart Arrest; Heart Massage; Humans; Hypox	1973
Mechanical ventilation of newborn infants. 3. Historical comments and development of a scoring system for selection of infants. Anesthesiology, 1971, Volume: 34, Issue:2 Topics: Acidosis; Apnea; Bicarbonates; Bradycardia; Carbon Dioxide; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Conce	1971
[Esophageal foreign body: etiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic problems]. Zeitschrift fur Laryngologie, Rhinologie, Otologie und ihre Grenzgebiete, 1970, Volume: 49, Issue:8 Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Apnea; Child; Child, Preschool; Dentures; Esophageal	1970
Fatal heart block and cardiac arrest following ECT. A case report. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 1972, Volume: 120, Issue:554 Topics: Adult; Apnea; Depression; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Female; Heart Arrest; Heart Block; Humans; Hyst	1972
[Acute cardiovascular failure]. Zeitschrift fur arztliche Fortbildung, 1971, Sep-15, Volume: 65, Issue:18 Topics: Ambulances; Apnea; Brain Damage, Chronic; First Aid; Heart Arrest; Heart Block; Heart Massage; Human	1971
General anesthetic emergencies. Dental clinics of North America, 1965 Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Anesthesia, General; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Bronchial Spasm; Central Nervo	1965
Management of acute respiratory failure (a systematic approach). Annals of allergy, 1968, Volume: 26, Issue:8 Topics: Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypoxia; Intensive Care Units; Lung Diseases; Oxyge	1968
Resuscitation room survey. Scottish medical journal, 1969, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Apnea; Asthma; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Gastrointestinal Hemo	1969
[Respiratory arrest--heart arrest--death]. Langenbecks Archiv fur Chirurgie, 1969, Volume: 325 Topics: Angiography; Apnea; Brain; Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Death; Cerebral Arteries; Death; Electroence	1969
Community hospital experience with emergency cardiac resuscitation. Journal of the Iowa Medical Society, 1970, Volume: 60, Issue:8 Topics: Apnea; Emergency Service, Hospital; Heart Arrest; Heart Massage; Humans; Resuscitation	1970
Vascular and respiratory emergencises. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1970, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Apnea; Emergencies; Female; Heart Arrest; Heart Massage; Humans; Hypoxia; Male; Oxygen Consumption;	1970
The moment of death. A new medico-legal problem. Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1968, Volume: 29 Topics: Apnea; Death; Death Certificates; Electroencephalography; Ethics, Medical; Heart Arrest; Jurispruden	1968
Acid-base balance in blood. British journal of anaesthesia, 1969, Volume: 41, Issue:3 Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Acids; Alkalosis; Apnea; Bicarbonates; Buffers; Carbon Dioxide; Hea	1969
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the street. Wisconsin medical journal, 1969, Volume: 68, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; Apnea; First Aid; Heart Arrest; Humans; Male; Resuscitation	1969
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. I. American heart journal, 1969, Volume: 78, Issue:4 Topics: Apnea; Gastric Dilatation; Heart Arrest; Heart Massage; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Respirati	1969
[Resuscitative procedures in cardiac and respiratory arrest]. Przeglad lekarski, 1965, Volume: 21, Issue:11 Topics: Apnea; Heart Arrest; Heart Massage; Humans; Respiration, Artificial; Resuscitation	1965
[Prolonged and reversible cerebral electric silence. Apropos of 3 observations]. Revue neurologique, 1966, Volume: 115, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Apnea; Barbiturates; Cerebral Cortex; Coma; Electroencephalography; Female; Heart Arrest; Huma	1966

apnea and Asystole